Newspaper Page Text
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Or of Imszt
Aid breathed hit''o'** w!t6
«y»ul! T SSd“o?SsrithCoyld'>wea:!h- ‘
AtfftfßßSSWtw!*. i
Vy beart was not a trump. t
Savice to see my rieal win ’
liSay” the station iota*. 1
Reftec'ing on my stn,
I found, as others may have don., r
Clubs very eeldoxn win. g
1 shuffled youthful folliee olt % .
And turned up jack of spades f J
Tet still 1 find as dust to scarce.
And smaller arow the lumps, f
That though the spades an honest card.
It 1s not always trumps.
But In this world of outride show.
Where Mammon rules the throng.
To ease the little joints of life,
And smoothly pass along; 1
To find an antidote for care. .
And stern misfortune s bumps.
One card to very sure to win—
Diamonds are always trumps. j
SPEECH OF 1
HON. AUGUSTUS K. WRIGHT,
or soobgia,
On Affairs in Central America, in the House of
Representatives, May 81,1858.
The House being in committee of the whole
on the state of the Union—
Mr Wright said: Mr. Chairman, some time
liooe! when the committee on foreign affairs, to
which that part of the President’s message rela
ting to the capture of Walker had been referred,
made their report to the House, 1 offered the fol
lowing resolutions as a substitute:
Resolved, That the capture of Wm. Walker by
Commodore Paulding was without authority of
law.
Resolved, That said capture was within the let
ter and spirit of the instructions of the Navy De
partment, and especially that portion of the in
structions whioh ordered one of its officers ‘to re
pair to the Island of Chiriqui, on the coast of Ni
caragua, where it had reasons to believe said ex
pedition would rendezvous.” And another of said
•ffioers “to proceed to Cape Gracios, Honduras,
skirting aloDg the coasts, looking in at the month
of Blewfleld inlet; thence to San Juan del Norte,
That the right of the citizen of the
United States to expatriate himself and change
his allegiance, “to emigrate with arms in his
bands, for the purpose of settling new countries'
and founding new States, is an inherent and sa
crfcd right, hue that ought to be inviolate, and one
of which he cannot be constitutionally deprived.”
I sought the floor on various occasions to vindi
cate the resolutions, but was unable to obtain it.
I now proceed to address the committee on them,
and subjects intimately connected therewith.
The paper usually denominated the Government
paper, remarked in substance a few days ago, when
taking certain unruly members to task on the de
ficiency bill, that it was “ infamous ” for a man to
change his party relations. That depends upoD
circumstances. If from corrupt motives, he is cor
rupt. If be follows his party from the same mo
tives, he is none the less corrupt. The man that
follows party because it is a party, is a factionist.
The man who follows principle and supports a par- '
ty because it follows principle, is in the path of j
duty. When leaders undertake to overthrow prin- 1
ciple, honest men should overthrow them. As a i
man 1 never supported our Chief Magistrate. I *
supported the principles of the Cincinnati platform, 1
and the President as their exponent. When, in s
my opinion, he departs from any of its principles ;
I shall depart from him that far, no further. If he i
seeks to overthrow it, I shall seek to overthrow <
him. If that be infamy, I shall be “infamous.” 1
This spirit of independence in the representative 1
is the safety of the Bepublic. When it ceases ve- i
sality begins. 1
In the capture of William Walker and the mak- 1
ing of the Yrissari treaty the President honestly, i
lam willing to admit, bat none the less erroneous- i
ly, struck the vitality of the foreign poliev of the 1
Democratic platform. He committed a blunder— i
worse than a blander —be put to hazard again the 1
-dominion of Centr? l America in a foreign power.
We may recover from it without serious loss; it 1
may cost us millions of treasure and oceans of
blood. It was the politics! blunder of the nine
teenth century. In any view it must retard civili
zation, give continuance to pnestly domination,
and prevent the progress of knowledge and true
moraljtv. The “ stability of future times,” spoken
MTffl(sriou9, “shall be wisdom and knowledge.”
These have been certainly hindered. Nothing bas
been secured of value to the country.
The great controller of Nicaraguan affairs has
not been generally known in this country. The
ruling power bas been behind the throne. A
«. cloth of gold” has hidden its deformities. The
Earl of Warwick was called “the king-maker.
He overthrew and established dynasties. The
Transit Company,” technically “ the American
Atlantic and Pacific Ship Canal Company —some
times known as “ Stebbins A Co.,’ sometimes as
Vanderbilt, White A C 0.,” and perhaps other
names located in New Vork-has ruled its desti- ;
nies for some years. It has overthrown two gov
ernments and established two, and now has its le
viathan folds around it, supported, PjgtectedAnd
defended both by this government and the'British, i
Present Martinez and Yrissari are its mere pup- i
netslo represent government.
This company furnished aw&rge portion of the \
means by which Walker was introduced into the 2
country, and, in combination with Castillo, or <
rather the liberal party, which he had represented, '
(be having died before Walker’s arrival),.oyer- I
threw the Chamorro or aristocratic party. When 1
the compaay failed to qggitrol Walker’s gotfern- '
meat It went to work that; as it had <
done Chamorro’s. In™gpP«MUa<m with British 1
emissaries it succeeded wb arraying Central 1
American governments against Walker, anti aided <
them by its counsel and means in the war which 1
followed. By some means unknown it succeeded 1
ic getting the-countenance and aid of this govern- 1
meat, by whose naval officer (Commander Davis) ]
Walker was first captured and brought back to
this country. Upon Walker’s return to Nicaragua 1
*t was busy at Washington: its members were *
dieted at the White House. Scandal says some of
the beadß of departments bought stock, or had
previously bought it. The government agreed, '
through Yrissari, to protect it in all its franchises.
Its President wrote to the Secretary of State to
have r the fillihoster Walker” taken away—said
it was necessary for the good of the people of this
country—that he had steamships ready to put up
on the route for purposes of transportation, but
was afraid of Walker, Ac. Walker was accident
ly captured, and the Martinez and Yrissan gov
ernment installed, and the said company, the Brit
ish, and the northern half of this Bepublic lei in.
ic I have no time to snter into the details of this ini
quitous transaction. I must, however, refer to so ne
fkets more minutely. By the Yrissari treaty three
main paints are treated for. First: Two free porta
«<*to alrnations, kindred, and tongues, and especial
* p» our cousins, the British, at either end of the
m transit.- v Second: The protection of the company
in its rights—this is the grand point. Third:
V’ Free transit across the isthmus to all governments.
** Now observe, first, Walker “and his young men,
mostly from southern States,” (as one of the cap
turing admirals calls them in his dispatch,) are
taken out of the country. Now, who are putin
by the treaty y The British and all other nations,
• except the southern half of this; for one of the
• gtipulations is protection to the company. What
are its rights? Not only exclusive transit, (what
a monopoly!) but exclusive colonization. Exam
’ *ne its contract with Nicaragua and Yriesari. My
■>« limit of an hour prevents its publication. 1 will
- give an extract of Yrissari’a letter to Mr. Cass,
r „ under date of 30th December last:
fegyf “ The undersigned deems it to be his duty to in-
EVform-his Excellency, the Secretary of State, that
£ the Constituent Assembly of Nicaragua has ap
proved and confirmed the contract made by the
jg undersigned with the American, Atlantic and Pa
fe. eific Ship Canal Company, the only one vested
with the privilege of carrying across the isthmus,
HI is t4® only "one also which, for the present, and so
tong as the government will not have otherwise
6■. disposed, has the right to carry emigrants to that
country under such conditions as have been im
posed on this company. All other emigrants or
1 colonizers whatsoever that may be conveyed to
tv that country will be refused admission, and com
-I|£;j>elted to depart from that territory of the Repub-
Iflici” it highly important that the
ienor of this note, especially that portion touching
titonigratioo to Nicaragua, should be made public,
fhej;m£6fSigned would entertain the hope that the
Secretary of State will find no objection to have
its oontents published.”
And this a Democratic Administration, support
ed by nearly the entire South, publishes}! •• Young
jaeo, mostly from the southern States,” will take
due nonce, send govern j
Any desiring to emigrate to Nicaragua wu l pie
bv New York ahef get “ rheir paper** of this
iand^monopoly, this stockjobbing ,
incnla? I company. Tak.n. accident- |
tdlr this isthe treaty made of purpose.
‘Can it he possible that the President was
Musing the South with the “ Kansas abstraction, 1
while'practical!!- he was usiDg the power'of the <
Government to take “slave labor out of Central c
America and put free labor m ? Was he not only 1
giving territory to “ free labor in Kansas, and
principle to the “ slave power,” but was he doing
the same thing in the tropics? His antecedents I
would not lead us to snch a conclusion. Jacte <
seem to point that way. Surely, I do not rightly
apprehend them, or they are susceptible of expla- l
nation. «... !
Hear what a leading British paper says. After 1
rejoicing at the probable overthrow of slavery in
some of the border States, he proceeds, (I quote
the London News :)
“ More significant still is the proposed settle
ment of Central American lands with white la
borers. This is one of the consequences of the
failure of Walker, and of the alarm which he
caused to Nicaragua. The Minister from Nicara
gua lends eager countenance to the scheme, in
hopes of obtaining a respectable population, in
troducing capital, industry, and commerce, and of
keeping at arm’s length, by the same method, the
tipsy, quarrelsome, marauding pioneers of slavery.
Several thousand white working men have taken
passage for the new settlements. Time will show
what their success is likely to be, and whether they
can really carry on that competition with the South
in regard to southern products, which must be
their inducement to leave their country while such
vast areas remain unappropriated there. Another
motive may, however, he, that in Central America
they are more secure from the curse of slave insti
tutions than they now feel themselves to be in any
part of the Union. The real nature of the migra
tion seems to be proved by the excessive wrath of
the Virginia newspapers on the promulgation of
the enterprise.” . « . . „
No wonder that “ my Lord Napier and Sir Gore
Ousley ” did agree to the Yrissari treaty. Is this
the American supremacy in the Gulf and Central
America of the Democratic platform? Shall the
American navy be made, by a Democratic admin
istration, to act the part of scavengers for the Brit
ish in the Caribbean sea and along ite ooMtsr
Will American statesmen submit to this ? Shall
we thank the administration that Walker, with
his men, “mostly from the southern States,’ has
been taken away, because, if we had not done it,
the British would? Shall we vote Paulding a
sword because on an American coast, under Brit
ish guns and the approving smiles of British offi
cers, he captured his countrymen? And having
captured his countrymen, he converted his ship
into a theatre and made his men play low comedy
for the entertainment and amusement of British
soldiers t Oh, my country, how thou hast fallen !
Our sires voted thanks and swords to their gallant
- tars; but in those days, the fresher days of the
Republic, “ knights wore spurs who won them.”
Congress voted McDonough a sword ; but McDon
ough drove British navies out of American seas.
At Plattsburg, with fourteen ships, he fought
seventeen; with seventy-six guns, he fought eighty
six ; with eight hundred and fifty American sea
men, he fought one thousand British. On Chain
plain’s quiet waters he argued the rights of ms
countrymen with the British from the port-holes
of his ships with eloquent broadsides. In honor
ing him I have thought my country did honor her
self. Paulding captured his countrymen without
firing a gun, with a British navy at his back. Shall
we vote him a sword ? What say you, repiesenta
tives of my country’s honor ? -
A Congress of our fathers voted Paul Jones
thanks and a sword. The commander of the Bon
Homme Richard, in sight of a British coast, m
British waters, boarded a British ship, his super
ior in men and guns. When his flag was shot
away, the opposing commander, supposing be had
hauled down his colors, asked if the captain of the
ship had surrendered ; his reply was, “he has not
yet begun to fight, sir!” Lashing his cannon
riddled, sinking ship to that of his enemy, and
calling upon his men to follow him, he sprang to
the enemy's vessel, and walked her slippery decks
her victor and commander. Verily, I have felt „
right loyal to my country when I have read how
she honored the dauntless hero. Hut Commodore
Paulding—what has he done ? Has faction and
fanaticism eflaeed the last vestige ol justice from
the mind of my countrymen ? As a subaltern, he
but executed the order of his superior. He did
that in a most ungallant aud ungracious Btyle.
Clothed with a power that was wholly irresistible
by those with whom he had to contend, be iusult
ea and brow-beat his victim, in an official note
to surrender, Paulding told W'o'ktu- he lied, and
threatened to hang him. With four huudred men,
well armed, and with cannon, with apart of the
British fleet floating in the harbor and ready to
help, he landed, and without firing a gun, captured
“one hundred and fifty young men, mostly from
the southern Bt*tee,” bsdly clothed, badly artoed,
and not disposed to fight their countrymen. In
that band there were some that, under the slurs
and stripes, had heard the thunders of Chepulte
pec, Churubusco, and Molino del Rey.
Paulding faced no danger, run no risk, accom
plished Dolhing likely to add to bis country's re
nown or give lustre to the page of her history.
These “captured young men troth the southern
States” he sends in “a vessel without a stove ( ’ in
the dead of winter, back to their country. Shall
we vote the sword ? Tbat-’s the question. There
was an enemy captured on that occasion that has
not generally been noticed, but was returned by
the commodore under his “ list of killed and
wounded.” Upon the enemy, wff are told by
“some lookers-on in the service,” there was an
assault of a senons character. Itfonued a sort of
rear-guard of the “captured,” ami was found m
the shape of two barrels of “corn whisky.” Un
der the commodore’s “list of killed and wounded,”
if you will observe closely, you will notice “a sack
of salt, a basr of beans, and two barrels of corn
whisky.” Upon this latter “force” of the enemy
there wa3 made a most determined nod desperate
charge. For violence of onset and desperation
of purpose nothing bas equalled it since the
charge of Ney, at the head ot the Old Guard, on
the field of Waterloo. Ii is unnecessary to state
the victory was complete, the enemy was routed,
dispersed, and annihilated. It is possible the dis
tinguished Senator from Wisconsin, in the other
end of the Capitol, may have been caught with
this part of “the encounter” in moving his resolu
tion. Upon inquiry, I ascertained we both be
longed to that respectable order known as “hard
shell Baptists.” One of the peculiarities of that
excellent people is said to be a “disposition to de
molish” this dreadful enemy whenever and where
evet discovered. As such rencontres are always
accompanied “ with imminent risks,” I have
thought it possible it was to this part of “the fa
tal affray” the sword waslntended to go. Sir, if
this is the idea, “I give m.”
My distinguished colleague (Mr. Stephens,) said
in hiß speech on Walker’s capture, that it was
“ illegal and an outrage.” Right truly and
eloquently did he say it. There is no parallel to it
m the hiEtery of this Government. Jackson did
not thus treat those “ filibusters” who conquered
and civilised Texas. No Government ever com
mitted a more unlawful and more unjustifiable act.
Yrissari has applied to Walker the epithets oi
“ robber, murderer, pirate,” and such like. Sorr/
am l that the President, in his effort to justify his
action, has applied these same terms. Os the
pompous mongrel, nothing better was to be ex
pected. It is below the dignity of the President’s
office. He wrouged the citizen ; that was enough.
Gentlemen endeavoring tojustify the President,
have pursued the same course: they have gone
further, and declared Walker a failure as a ruler
and a general. Let us inquire a little into the
facts, and see how stand the “ issues the Govern
ment and its friends have made upon this “ youth
* from a southern State.”
t Nicaragua has had no stable government for
t many years. * Revolution and anarchy have reign
- ed over that Eden of the western world for a long
r time. Walker’s government, in duration and effi
-1 ciencv, has not been equalltd for nearly a quarter
of a century. In 1855, there were two contending
* factions for the presidency —ihe aristocracy eaning
- to European influences, headed by Chamorro ; ana
t the liberal or Democratic party, headed by Castillo.
- They were engaged in war for sfipremacy when,
* through the agency of this New York company,
which sought to rule the country through the lib
-1 eral party, a contract w'as emered into between
Castillo and Walker, then of California, to the et
> feet that Walker should maintain Castillo and his
» party in power, (himself becoming a citizen of the
; Republic,) and furnishing, therefore, a certain
number of emigrants, armed. The consideration
■ to Walker was to make him general of the army,
'and grant him fifty eight thousand acres of land.
Under this contract he sailed from San Francisco
in 1855, in a vessel furnished by the New York
company. Cannon of the American Government,
under the national flag, saluted him as he passed
out of the bay. He landed at Rivas, and fought a
desperate battle with fifty-five Americans and ten
natives against six hundred killing
and wounding about three hundred of the enemy.
Chamorro and Castillo had both died before his
arrival. How he fought for nearly two years, and
yßWntaine<yiimself, is known to the country. Un-
der bis leadership Rivas was elected Preside
the Republic: afterwards Walker himself. , j
The United States Minister recognised, official
ly the government, of Rivas under Walker s aus
pices. It again twice recognised Walker s. It re
ceived his Minister, Padre Vijil, at Washington.
In June, 185 G, Walker reordained the decree estab
lishing slavery, believing his Republic adapted to
that kind of labor, and as likely to be best devel
oped agriculturally by it. About the same lime
the New York company, undertaking to govern
Walker, was given to understand that he was
President of the Republic, and not Mr. Vander
bilt. Five Central American States made war up
on him. The British emissaries, In conjunction
*ith Vanderbilt, did all they could to overthrow
him. He was at last besieged at Rivas, for several
months, where he foughVwitk terrible resolution,
himself and his men feeding on mules and dogs.
Massena never displayed more fortitude, or fought
with more desperate courage. The enemy never
made an assault that they were not driven back
with immense slaughter. His extremity was very
great, but he never surrendered ; and the opinion
of the best informed is, that had not Commander
Davis captured him and “brought him oft,’ the
enemy would have been compelled, from want and
sickness, and iW immense losses, to have evacua
ted the country. He was brought off in May,
By his indomitable energy, by the 14th of No
vember following, he raised men and money to re
cover his lost rights and put back to Nicaragua.
On the 17lh of the same month, three days after
his departure, Yrissari, who had never, up to this
time, been recognised by the administration,
was introduced to the President by Secretary Cass.
The “man of straw” became “the minister pleni
potentiary.” The obnoxious Yrissari treaty was
concluded. On the Sth of December Paulding
captured Walker, brought him back, and surren
dered him to Secretary Cass, I believe, through
the famous Capt. Rynders. The aged Secretary,
surveying him in great doubt as to the precise or
der to give, finally delivered to him Captain Win
frey’s command to his militia company “dis
perse, and go where he damned pleased.
Such are the outlines of the facts. Vt ho, then,
wasrobbod? Walker by the Government of the
United States and the New York stock-jobbing
monopolists, or Nicaragua by Walker? nat
were Walker’s rights? Was his contract with
Castillo a fair one ? Did he fight faithfully for his
adopted country? Where are the fifty-eight thoii
saaa acres of land he bargained for? Where the
army he was to command ? Was he not a lawful
President ? Our government recognised the Min
ister of— whom? A pirate, a thiefj, and a robber ?
Did her vessels of war salute a man in the viola
tion of the laws of his country —one going on an
unlawful expedition? While he served the hew
York constrictor, and permitted the abolition of
slavery to stand, he was a hero, “ the
man of destiny.” A change came over the ‘Spirit
of his future when it crossed the “ spirit of free
dom.” From the unanimity with which the camp
followers of the “ statesman from the western re
serve of Ohio” (Mr. Giddings) rallied to the sup
port of the Administration of Walker’s capture,
r ‘ I guessed” there must be a “ nigger” in it. -I
did not then know it. Sure enough, that venera
ble statesman’s ear had heard the master’s lash
and the negro’s wail over the roar of the distant
is this day, by all law, human and
diviue, as much the President of Nicaragua as Mr.
Buchanan is of this Republic. The Government
that ought to have stood by him and made other
nations stand off, is the one to oppress and ruin
him. The Transit Company shouted hosannas;
the British praise the conservative writer of
the “ Ostenu Manifesto j” and the Black Re
publicans see in this “ one virtuous act” hopes
of a returning prodigal. Can it be that the “ veins
opened to let out Democratic blood, and though't
to be healed, are bleeding again ? Walker’s na
tives were ambitious, but virtuous. That he
sought to found a stable government over a beauti
ful country, but a debased and wretched people, is
certainly true. That he sought to do it |j>y legal
means and legitimate warnire, is also certainly
true. Rule badly as he might, it must have been
better than anarchy, or the reign of terror and
death—of a foreign moneyed monopoly. Look
how it grinds, and scourges, and Kills in the
r Indies.”
A word as to his abilities. Gentlemen say he
is a failure as a general. It is easy to rtfb one of
laurels that have been hardly won.. Where did lie
ever lose a battle? It is said he “was driven out
of Sonora.” By whom? By sickness and hunger.
He entered Nicaragua with forty-six men. His
first battle that his enemies say he lost he fought
against odds—ten to one. With fifty-five Ameri
cans and ten natives, as before stated, he fought
and drove out of a town six hundred, killing and
wounding half. At Massaya he fought two hun
dred and sixty men against two
the enemy. At Granada he tougW Two n&oAraff
and seveuty Ikainst two^ousand eight.hlifHireu,
and killed anffwoundedWteert hundred, *
He fotfghr twelve half With- nbbut
the same odds against him, and victorious in
all of them. In the strait ness oßhqfeega of Rivas
he fought with the fierceness and courage °( aI J t on
at bay. He endured, with his soldiers, the fiercest
When made i‘s assatilt he fVmghtat
the head of his stern comrades in arms with the
skm of a General and the courage of “the,bravest
of tbe brave.” He was in Nicaragua about two
years ; bis whole collective force during *ll the
time was about two thousand fire hundred mien.
With these he fought five Central American na
tions, (aided by British counsels and the Transit
company,) conjointly furnishing about'nineteen
thousand troops. He killed asrd wounded w bat
tle about six thousand of the enemy ; he lest only
about eight hundred and fifty of his iOv&p men.
And yet because he could not stand, in aaaitiod to
the foregoing, the navies of Great Britain and the
United States, we are told “this young man fro*
a southern State” is a failure. He is no fadure ;
point to his equal in ancient or modern tones.
Show me the min, with th<yi;“ e means, wh>*haß
a- complished equal results. His countryrowi may
attempt to blast his fameVith the epithets ‘fil
libuster, marauder, and pirate.” It will live. His
deeds have breathed into his name life. «t will
be more enduring than that of his tradnoers • it
will outlive the marble ; it is upon the page of his
country’s history. Poets shall put rt to r*»g:
orators engrave it in burning paragraphs. 1 did
not intend to eulogise him, but simply to pay a
passing tribute to the geniha of Americau produc
tion to do justice to a citizen of the Repytyrrc. ho
much for Walker’s capture, its cause*? it* conse
quences, his rights, and his capacities.
A word upon what has been termed Vthe neu
trality act.” This is the act under which the Presi
dent seeks his justification for his seizure. It can
not be justified under it. In the first putt©, there
is no such act as the “neutrality act, known to
the statute-book. There is an act for the punish
ment of certain crimes against the United States
—not against other nations. The crimes pointed
out in this act are matters between the United
States and its citizens, just as any other trimes
are. Foreign nations have nothing to do inri it
When foreign nations bring ofl'enders to the wnlice
of this government, it should be for some bft-auh
of the law of nations, or some treaty; stipuhuion
Foreign nations have nothing to do with crimes oi
citizens of the United States against thenr <Mfn
government. This is our business, not ttieip 5 .
They have just as much right to assume stiver
sight of the execution of our cm Jgal of
fences against our government on oner subj Sc. as
another. When we trespass the law of nations or
treaties by which they suffer, then, and not till
then, have they a right to speak. Were I Presi
dent, and Yrissari, or “ my lord, or the count,”
were to call ray notice to the execution of our
criminal laws, I should call theirs to their own
• business, specially and^particularly.
But never did the head of a nation make a
greater mistake than did the President in his mes
• sage, when he said this act conferred upon him
the power to use the army and navy “to prevapt
r the carrying on of military expeditions,” &c.
■ There is no such general grant. By no means.
• There is nothing like it. The eighth section of
; the act does authorise him “to take possession of
' and detain a ship ; to prevent the carrying on,”
l Ac. Is there no difference? Mark* he says there
. is grant of power “to use the land and naval
, forces, or the militia, to prevent,” Ac. Tbe adt
, says “to take possession of and detain a vessel, in
- which a military expedition is set on foot?’ Ac.,
i and “its prize,” (if it has taken any).
Any man of fair mind, who willreadjbesection,
? will see it could only have
? our ports. The ninth section authoriseitthe Presi
i dent to use the same force to compel a ship ta de
fiart our ports which ought n0t.,40 be here. The
anguage of the eighth sectitffi, under which alone
’ he pretends to justify the use of the army and navy -
► ana militia, does not authorise him to seize nor to
: capture, but to hike possession of and detain, and.
, to do this, as my colleague has well said, to
vent the carrying on, Ac. And not only to use the
, navy, but tbe array, and not only the army, but
the militia, to take possession of and detain. Will
the President take the militia about to foreign
ports to take possession of.and detain vessels, Ac.,
to prevent the carrying on of warlike expeditions?
Outside of the marine league the neutrality
more authorises the president to use navy or army
“to punish Crimes against the United
about which so much fs said, and in which all
earth’s nations are so much interested, and wlirch
the ’British m particular, and other nations m
general, recommend us-t© execute for our benefit.
It has thirteen sections. The first six define and
punish certain crimes —nothing more. It a citw*
zen violates them, anybody may sueont a warrant,
and the marshal will arrest. If resisted, he will
raise “ the posse.” No army or navy vs to be used
here Nobodv pretends there is any such power
in either of them. Tbe seventh declares tbe dis
trict courts shall take cognisance of the captures
within the marine league ot our coasts. We pass
the eighth for the present. The ninth gives the
President power to use the army or navy or militia
“ to compel any foreign vessel to depart which, by
the laws of nations and treaties, ought not to be
here.” The tenth compels owners ot armed ships
to give bond that they shall not be used to make
war, Ac. The eleventh authorises collectors to
detain any suspicious vessel till the further order
of the President, or its owner gives bond it shall
not be used for war. Tbe twelfth repeals other
acts. The thirteenth enacts that this act shall mot
prevent prosecutions for piracy or treason. Thus
we have it all. On the eighth section, and that
alone, is there pretence of power to use the army
and navy and nitlitia. I have given a faithful ex
position'of that. . _
It is one thing for the citizens of this country
to fit out military expeditions against other coun
tries, and it is another thing Tor the citizens of
this country to migrate to other countries perma
nently, ancl-fight when they go there to rule it.
Tbeymust take their chances. If they are over
powered, they die. This government cannot in
terfere in the" mode or measure of their punish
ment. When the brave Crittenden, with his com
patriots, were taken prisoners in Cuba, our consul
would not even go to se© them in their dungeons
before their execution. They died with the con
stancy and courage of the American character.
S .alf we, then, when they are successful as Walk
er was, make war upon them ourselves; and that
too, -to put “money-jobbers” in their places ? 1 hope
not. Surely this outrage upon Walker and bis
men will yet be redressed by our government, and
full justice done them.
I |The distinction between citizens of this country
fitting out military expeditions against other coun
tries and emigrants, is to be found in the animus
manendi and the animus revertendb-- the mind of
remaining in that country, or the mind of return
ing to tigs. Where there is the mind of return
ing, it is an offense against the so-called neutrali
ty act. Where the mind is to emigrate, to remain
and take his chances, it is lawful; it is a right, an
estimable right, one of which he cannot be con
stitutionally deprived. If our citizens have not
this right, we are worse off than the Irish under
British rule. Whenever I am satisfied that lam
wrong in this, and that we belong to the Execu
tive ; that he can send after us, ana run us down,
and catph us, and bring us back, I shall do my
►best to revolutionise my government; I shall de
spise its principles and defy its power. From the
capture of Walker, such would seem to be tbe
President’s view. I hope by this time he has
taken the sober second thought.
That Paulding acted within his instructions, i 3
too manifest to admit of doubt. To prevent the
expedition, why order a vessel to the Island of
Cbiriqui, where it was thought they would ren
dezvous ? Was it, if her commander found fili
busters on it, to look at them and sail off? Was
it to lie around and prevent their getting off, and
starve them to death ? Why order a ship to skirt
-along the coasts of Honduras? Suppose ner com
mander saw the fillibuslers setting on tbe coasts,
was he to sail off and leave them there ? Why
order him to lopk in ntßlewfield Inlet? Was it to
§rin at them, if found, expecting that, like Capt.
cott’s coon, they would give in ?
Was there duplicity in the President in this
matter? When tbo South complained, he said
Paulding “ committed a grave error.” When the
North and the British rejoiced, why, then, the
organs said, “ the President, in Walker’s capture,
inaugurated a policy.” This was wrong. The
President has read the old Scriptures to some profit.
The Jews had a ceremony of bringing up a goat
once a year, and the High Priest, putting the sins
of tbe people and himself upon him by laying his
hands upon his head, sent him away to the moun
tains. He was called the scapc-goat. The Presi
dent,saw the force of tbe ceremony. He always
has one at hand. When pressed to the wall by the
illegality of the seizure, -he pula his hand on
Paulding; he * committed a grave error.” Now,
let us have it one way or the other. If . Paulding
did it, let the policy inaugurated be Paulding’s;
quit flattering the President. One of the evils of
all Gbvti nmeats is, the “ dogs that eat the crumbs
wbVcUJgdLfroiii tfieir masters table.” It requires
a strong mind to appreciate their meanness and
despise them. Ail men lore
uimtion.” A wise man,’ however, while be listens,
will not bejsedneed. Sometimes lie will learn his
own folly by the very excess of the adulation... It
is thought bv gome good judges that the Presi
dent’s fable is well attended. *
I have no time to enter into detail upon my third
and last resolution. It will not be denied. That
it has been violated, no right minded man can
doubt. The glare of a faction, who despises truth
if it conflicts With gain, can give some excuse as a
plausible pretext forittny injustice, yea, for crime;
the love of liberty for assassination.
Our foreign policy is marked outJn the Cincin
nati platform. Let us have courage to stand up to
that. If we have hot, let us-strike it out. *
; The Monroe doctrine, which is to be “adhered
with unbending rigidity,” does not require any
acquisition of territory. It daps not require any
interference with the comtnerceof foreign countries
on this continent. It does not prevent individual
emigration to any portion of it. It does not require
any protectorate *ol this government over any of its
governments or territories. It does say, however,
that European governments shall nojt plant their
old, decayed systems of king-craft and priest-craft
upon it. ' Upon our northern border Great Britain
lias planted her “ lords temporal and her lords
spiritual.”
It is said the policy of giving Canada a prince
of “iroyal blood 1 ’ is now being agitated. We do
not, by the Monroe doctrine, propose to interfere
with that; but we do if she or any other power
undertakes to do so on our southern border. Our
true policy is to use the power of this government
to keep these countries free from foreign rule, and
to let them fill up with such immigrants as may
seek homes there. Under this policy, our element
of population will naturally soon predominate. Its
Contiguity, and the energy and enterprise of our
feople, if let alone, will settle it in our favor. The
fish and Dutch, and general foreign immigration,
when not carried on by the governments for pur
poses of colonization, sympathise with our peo
ple and institutions rather than their own. Well,
regulated governments in these southern Republics,
with American sympathies, are as much or more to
be desired by us than anv extensive annexations. I
do uot include Cuba in these remarks. She fills the
mouth of the Gulf, upon which a number of the
States of the Union border. She also commands the
mouth of the Mississippi river, which is tbe great
artery from the heart of the Republic. Cuba
ought to be subject to our jurisdiction. It is
natural and just that it should be. Tbe guaranty
of it by France aud England to Spain was an ap
peal to our fears. Central America is wholly dis
connected. It occupies no such relation. It may
or may not become necessary to own a part of her
territory. That is not the question. Shall we
Permit European countries to colonise it, to govern
it. as England does iu the East Indies, thereby
bringing her power to bear to control the will
of the people and the destiny of the coun
try ? Shall iihe send a prince of the blood to rule
her colony ? The Democracy of this country say
not in their platform. If it is too weak m the
knees to stand up to it, let us take it out. Let us
uot make ourselves ridiculous by vaporing.
The British, in the face of our declared polfi y,
proceed to take possession of the best harbor on
the coasts of Honduras, and form her colon}’ at
the Balize. She then proposes to negotiate that
we should take none, if she will take no more
We never proposed to take any, at anv time. We
said those countries should be free from foreign
domination. That insolent power, that never
took up her foot where she had put it down, unless
she was made to do it, unfurled the flag of her
domination in the tropics; and for arguments as
to its rectitude showed her “ war dogs” in their
kennels, in her three-deckers. While she knows
fall well the spirit of our people, she understands
equally well the courage of our rulers. She knows
they will not tight unless the danger is greater in
the rear than in the front. She catches our vessels
ia toe Gulf, hauls them to, examines and lets off
the craft when the humor suits her. If we say
anything, “my lord” is ready “to negotiate.” Any
day, no man in the Republic would be astonished
to learn that she had treated for Yucatan, for Yera
Cruz, or half of the Mexican Republic. For my
self, I hope she may. I do not doubt we shall
have her lo fight, or let her govern the Caribbean
sea and Central America. ~
I am Dot fond of fighting, individually or nation
ally. When lam satisfied it must be done, how-
I think the best way is to have’tt over. A fight
U*' .. -. ' 'is:
her thotisuni? battle ships, her immense steam pow
er. I know, temporarily, we should suffer: but
how would riiy country rise with the strife? As
’ Young America smarted under his blows, how
would he learn wisdom from adversity ? What a
power oui*country is, ifirthe emergency shohid arise
to arouse her energies! England is old. Her
rulers, wise and valorous, are wanting in vigor and
skill. Her capacity to pay ia stretched to its ut
most tension. The slightest shock to her credit,
and it would vanish forever. Her supplies are
drawn from this country. Her commerce lives
upon it and by it. She would be troubled for fight
ing men as well as means.
How different the condition of this country!
Growing in vigorous youth, free from debt, full of
men for soldiers and seamen, and able to procure
recruits, exhauatless recruits, from almost every
land, capable of building, in a few years, a navy
as large as that of Great Britain, for a sum equal
to two years’ interest upon the public debt of that
country, who could doubt the result? In full
view of all tbe resources of the two countries, com
prehending, as far as I may be able, all the conse
quences of a collision, I do not believe that Eng
land can survive the struggle. But that is imma
terial. Let us take down our colors or fight. The
consequences of war are terrible, I know ; but if
England will undertake, in defiance of our policy,
to colonise Central America and police American
seas, let it come. Let us maintain our policy, or
sink r the last ship in the American navy and ex
haust our forests in building new ones.
Mr. Lequinio Kerblay.
It will be recollected that some month or two
ago, we asked for information respecting “ one
1 Lequinio,” (so the name was given to us)—and
suggested a hint or two as to his character and
probable fate. It affords us pleasure now to do
; justice to the dead by correcting the wrong im
' presaion our first paragraph was calculated to
! make, and possibly may have made on the minds
i of many readers. \Ve are enabled to do this,
through information afforded us by an intelligent
and reliable gentleman of Augusta, Georgia.
Mr. Lequinio Kerblay (so we now read the name)
was, it is not denied, an actor of some sort in the
• Freirfch Reign of Terror. It is not, however, to be
assumed that he was a very inferior actor in that
dreadful drama. Such at least were his qualifica
' lions that he was afterwards appointed, by Napo
leon, French consul at Newport, R. 1., which post
1 he seems to have occupied for a time. He subse
-1 quently removed to Edgefield district, and settled
a plantation upon Horn’s Creek, ana a farm also
\ in the vicinity of tbe present site of Hamburg.
He owned slaves and is said to have treated them
1 with marked humanity, which would seem to con
tradict the ferocity of disposition imputed to him
; ip connection with his former experience. He was
regarded by those who knew him, as an accom
[ plished gentleman. “ Ilis published works,” says
5 our correspondent, “show him to have been a
! man of fine literary taste and fond of scientific
1 pursuits.” And this again does not sustain the
surmise of his having Been a man of low’ or un
-1 worthy propensities.
*. He died in Hamburg, in the year 1815. His
r wife was, at the time of his death, on the planta
’ tion eighteen miles distant. Not only was she
' never suspected of being in any way the cause of
| her husband’s death, but she was universally <*£•
} teemed an excellent woman. She was a member
■ of one of the most distinguished of the. old and
‘ noble families of France, and sustained throngh
■ out a long life an unblemished reputation. The
whole tenor of her conduct, “her amiable disposi
’ tion, warm heart, an<L unostentatious virtues,”
’ (we use the language oi our present informant,)
“should forbid the least imputation of improprie
-1 ty on her part.” She died in Augusta, Ga., in
1822, possessing tb© moat unqualified respect of
the community.
We repeat, that it gives us sincere satisfaction
thus to relieve the dead from any odfum we may
have been instrumental in attaching to their mem*
mory. Yet it is perhaps btftter that the facts
should have thus transpired, than that vague
doubts should continue to rest on the mind of any
one in respect to the actual circumstances of the
deceased in the closing portion of tbeir lives. May
we request such of our contemporaries as copied
our first paragraph, to publish tbe present state
ment also. It is from a genuiqp source, and wo
think may be fully relied upon as correct.
Etlgijidd Advertiser, June 23.
From the Country Gentleman.
Cultivating Plants while the Dew Is On.
Editor*-. At »e«»t fifteen years ago, 1 n<>-
I ticed a plot of cabbages, of which the large, firm
. heads I could not account for from anything appa
' rent-in the soil. On asking the owner how he
‘ made from such a soil so fine and uniform a cron.
1 I found his secret was that “he hoed them while
the dew was on.” He thought that in this be tea
terrd them, but of course ihe good resulted more
from the ammonia than tbe moisture of the dew.
:■» I adopted the practice the year following, and
‘ with the fesutt was so well satisfied that I have
since continued and recommended it to others.
In fny ‘“Gardening lor the South,” published two
years since, you will find (page 103) “they (the
cabbage tribe - especially like toliave the sqil übouV
them thoroughly worked whilethedew ison them/
There will be a Very great difference between tbe
growth of two plots of cabbages, treated in other
respects alike, on© of which shall be hoed at sun
rise and the other at niidday; the growth of the
former will surprisingly exceed that of the latter.”
A story in point some time "since went the
round of the agricultural press, of which tbe sub
stance is as follows : A small plot of ground was
divided equally between the hired lad of a farmer
and his son, the proceeds of its culture to be theif
own. They planted it, with corn, and a bet was
made by tllem as to which should make tbe best
crop. At harvest the son came out some quarts
behind. He could not understand the reason, as
he had hoed his twice a’week until laid by, while
be had not seen the hired lad cultivate hrs plot at
all, and yet the latter had gained the wager. It
turned out the winner’s crop had been hoed quite
’ as frequently, but before his rival was up in the
morning. Frooidence, it seems, foliates the hoe of
the early riser with a special and tn-‘reared reward.
But there are exceptions. Cultivating, while
the dew is on, manifestly benefits such gross feed
ers as cabbage and corn* but there are plants very
impatient of being disturbed while wet. The com
! mon garden snap and running beans are examples;
and if worked while wet, even with dew, the pores
of the leaves seem to become stopped, and the
whole plant is apt to rust and become greatly in
‘ jured. Whether the Lima beans and other le
gumes are as impatient of being hoed in the dew,
’ T have not ascertained. Experiments should,
’ however, be tried the coming season on all hoed
’ crops. Wm. X. White.
, Athens, Ga. _
! The Foi'Rth *of July.—We are pleased to learn
! that under the auspices of the volunteer companies
of Macon, the anniversary of Independence will
1 be celebrated on Monday, the sth, as the 4th comes
1 on Sunday. Clifford Anderson, Esq., has been se
lected as orator, and S. B Hunter, Esq., read®#-.
’ The exercises will take place at Ralston’s Hall.
Journal dc Messenger , Jane 28 d.
Supreme Court.— This body completed ite labors
! and adjourned Tuesday afternoon. The Judges,
> Clerk and reporter having all left by the night
train, we have been unable to obtain a further re
-1 port of their decisions.
The June term of the Court will commence in
Macon on Monday, the 29th instant. Tbe docket
stands as follows*: Ist, Macon Circuit; 2d, South
! western; Od, Pataufci, and 4th, Chattahoochee
i Circuit. Fifth case will be called m order, and
peremptorily disposed of.
Savannah Republican, June 24.
Examination of the Senior Class. — The final
examination of the Senior Class, of Franklin
College, commenced on Tuesday last, and will con
clude to-morrow. The honors and speaker’s place*
will be awarded on Saturday.
• Athens {Ga.) Banner, Jane 2Uh.
The Passage of the Vanderbilt. —The steam
i ship Vanderbilt, which arrived from Europe on
• Saturday, made the quickest western passage (con
i sidering tbe point whence she started)ever accom
i plished. The following, we believe, are the short
i est western passages made by the Vanderbilt, and
i Cunard and Collins lines (apparent time):
\ From Liverpool. Ar. at N. Y. D. 11. M.
• 1854—Baltic June 28 July 3 9 12 00
1850—Persia Ap’l 19 Ap’l 29 9 13 00
From Cowes.
i 1858—Vanderbilt.June 9 June 19 9 15 30
i As Cowes is reckoned some seven hours further
• than Liverpool, the Vanderbilt’s passage is four
l hours shorter than the Baltic’s, the next best
i Tbe above is not the shortest time in which the
ocean has been crossed, as the vessels of the Col
- lins and Cunard New York lines, and also the Yan
derbilt, have made it much quicker.
t ’ X Y. Journal of Commerce.
suciated Pi eM, aod pbbfisiieei in all our journals,
ADBQuuciug that
learn, wus oot tcu * inf the iFWasuf^,.
serious nature. A privet.* 1,-r from C ....
written the 10th, gt>ea the following inform.,
lion: ' = , ‘ s j?
4 * The levees are now standing well. The break
above Delta is pouring in, but is not washing our.
I ebttnded across it yesterday, and fofindVei about «.
four feet of water. Itcould be stop) ed. if wecon’ft
get the dirt. The I’ass Tjcvec is revv firm and.
good, llliinkourleveescun now stand a fopl more
water without further injury.”
A diagram would be necessary |n order to show
thepoaition. The water vyhick runs out of the
break finds itg way into Mqpn Lake, but not, it is
thought, in quantities greater than the “ Lower-
Pass ” will carry off without any serious flooding;
of that fine region.— Memphis H'dUtin, June 22.
Laying the Corner Stone op the “Georgia *'
Academy for the Blind.”—Arrangements have
been made for laying the corner stone of the new
edifice about to be erected in this city, which is to*,
take place on Monday, sth July. We arc author
ised to say, that the ceremooies will be
by Macon Lodge, No. 5, P. and A. Masons, unless
the Grand Master, or a Deputy G. M. be present..
(who are invited) when a Grand Communication
will be opened. Officers and brethren of all the
subordinate Lodges are invited to attend and par
ticipate in the ceremonies. Other Orders and So
cieties, and the military companies, will probably
be in attendance.— Journal db Messenger, juneVZ.
The Unemployed in the western Cities.—
Buffalo, Chicago and other western cities, it ap
pears, are overrun with laborei.Mud mechanics,.
who are unable to find employment. In the former
place last week, several hundred of this claws
paraded the streets, demanding “work or bread.”"
In Chicago the demand lor labor by poor people
has been so great that the street commissioners
have been enabled to supply each man but two
in a week, at seventy-five cents per day. It is now
thought best to cut wages down to fifty cents, and
put one-third more men into the city service* At
fifty cenjs per day, says the D>ynxocrdt % the city
be overwhelmed with applications for labor."
Cotton Lice.—The few cold days last week
wrought quite a change in the prospects of cotton-
Cotton that appeared vigorous and thrifty the week
previous, underwent great change iu a few days.
A visit, last Friday and Saturday, to the same -
plantations over which we had passed the week
previous, developed to us a greater blast than we
thought could take place in so short a time. The'
fields which, on our, previous visit, promised so
fair, now present the appearance of ruin frorp the
ravages of the cotton lice ? and much of it has
been so badly injured that it is dyinir, leaving jc .
many places very bad stands. And if what we
saw on our late visit is an index to the condition
of the plant in cotton growing States, the extent of
the damage by the late cold spell has been very
heavy. The plant on the old sandy lands seemed :
to have suffered most.— Columbus Sun, June 22i
The following nineteen Custom Houses do not
collect revenue enough to pay their expenses:
Belfast, Me ; Machias, Me.; Ellsworth, Me.; Barn
stable, Mass.; Sandusky, Ohio; Buffalo, N. Y.;
Newark, N. J.; Perth Amboy, *N. J.; Bridgeport,
Connecticut • Waldoboro’, Me.; Wiscasset, Me.;
Burlington, Vt.; Plymouth, Mass.: Portsmouth, N..
H.; Oswego, N. Y ; ; Pensacola, Florida; Astoria,,
Oregon ; Annapolis, Maryland; Peoria, Illinois.
The expenses of these establishments exceed thek >
receipts about one hundred thousand dollars.
Boston, June 21.—The great land case
Massachusetts and the town of Roxbury, involv
ing title to lands valued at several millions of
dollars, lying on Back Bay, between Boston and?
Koxbury, has been decided in favor of the State..
~~ GEOROiIimAUONr
TEXAS REVOL TrT ION.
FANNIN AND WARD’S MASSACRE
fit HE following named Demons who Moved under Fansih
X and Ward, (or their heirs at law), will hear something
to their interest by applying to the undersigned In person or
by letter, until the 12th of August, 18-58, alter which time
their Interest In the State of Texas will be barred by the
statute of limitation. MILLERS A JACKSON.
Attorneys at Law, Augusta, Georg’a*,
Atwell, William • Hatfield, William
Andrews, Joseph Hitchard, John
Armstrong, William S. Han ey, Thomas
Alien, John Halsey, E. D a*
Allen, William R. Hitchcock. A. J.
Allison, Alfred Humphries. Jesse
Barton, J. 11. Harris. WllHaii.
Black. J. H. tridh. Milton v
tlrowu, J. S. Ingram. Allen
Baker, Augustus Johnston, Charles
Betts, Marion Jackson, John
Boyle, A. II Jackson. JotuiJf.
Brown. W.B, Jones, H. W,
Byron. Matthew Jennings, Charles B.
Bulkley. Daniel Jenson, Charles
Bradford, B. T. Kelly,-Tames
Butler, Bennet Kelly, John
Bates, Anthony Klssam, I*. Y.
Banks, Reifftm Kneeland, Taylor
Barton. John Kemp. Tho nas
Bright, John Kenny more, John P. 0 » 1"
Bunts, Allen Luaduujtua. K.
Buk-r .Stephen JLants, Charles
Barnwelt, John 11. Layton, A!!^‘
Brown, W. A. J. Lynch, A. 31.
Brown, 6 ‘Uiuel T» Leverett. O. F.
Bulloch. Mvtnroe Lewi*. Abrahazu ,
Butler. W. G. Lee. Green
Bell. W. B Lamoude A.
Bracey Lester G. H. Llud, Jol n
Baeklev, J. 11. _ m aioal.John
Barnhill, J. N. MordecaL Ben.K4l.iu It.
Bentley, II- 11. Malum, Peter
J>lacks!wk, Joseph M. Marrony, J. U.
Black well, Josdjph McMfury, William
Bowbuy, William 3! Daniel A.
Brooks. li. S. McVuleyvCinuJes
Brooks. (». W. Mitchell,* Wa-hlngtoa-
Burke, David If. McGowan, John
Burts, B. F. 31ora» Martin
Calks, James * Mangunr, Aaron S.
Cunningham, Jotm D. Morgan, Joseph F-
Chew. John McLfinan. Alexander
Coleman, Jacob Marin, \\ lJJiam
Courtinan. George F. McNeclyT fceuuett
Cohgram, John McNight. George
Cain. James W. Mctstorin, John
gaSP
SSREiflho* jjSSlgfe
Seth Murpliy, J. It.
Coe, John G. * 3},cC(g,Ja | fpa. a
Vi-ieO. J— 4aSr
Oow..lnck, Wißlmu NjitilD.JuXl • o'>V
CarlUlrs GruM W. Ncvin, J'ati uk
Callahan 1. U. * * I
Cuok, Jam.. * O-ivnx, -cdir. Mr, o,
Crittenden. William Oldham. Ueiil*l«t..
Cm*). John t, l 'o V- I j - J Sf l.(ft .
C • ■lau,Bnnrs'-'" • PeflfTi:* Bnatfil . jW*l
Conway. Matthew l*allc non. Samuel 0 SPV
OUriidnr, John PattSiaori. Edwnrd - i *
Cowan. \V.J. Power.. J .31.
Callahan, JuMph Paihir. John R.
Dli-kOSo, Robert ‘arknr, V,. S. , f
Dwlnlng, M. J. MwctfcWubhn .-if.
Day.K.b. lh tt!ch, qw«e j *
Davis, George S. , PeterswicJi,
Davison, R. T. Qiiin»V. / Jp
Dennet or Derret, Si iflff Kowe, SamueP
Dlckwn, A. i g- ed. Janiea
Horsey, Alfred Rostaberg, WTlTian . J
■*
Dannf, n j<'hnV. seys ey " ol Si E ' J ' A
Dubose. W. P. B. gynn. Edward >
Duncan William Rodgers, H. »
Davis, Perry Kodzers. J. li. >.
Donnell, James Seally.Jrhi. * - .
Dearlch. George Scully, Johir
Disney, Richard btewart. 1 hoinas
Ellis. Michael Smith, rh«nas
Eherenberg, Herman Smith, Butihin E. *
Eglnoser Conrad smith, William A.
Earle, Richard B. Smith* -fames V&*
Edith, Henrv Smith, Oliver
Early, Francis S. Smith, Thomas
Eubanks, George Smith, John
Eddy, Andrew Seward, John
English, Robert >tcpbez»s, tt illlaru
Frazier, M. G. Sphon, James 11.
Frazier, William 11. Scurleck,
Frazier, Charles Ledbetter
Ferguson, James Strunk, B.
Fennant,Simpson Sarage, William I ,
Foley, A. G. Simpson, W Uliam
Faruey, Samuel Swsrds,
Fenner, Robert Simpkins. John
Fenner, James Sweeman, Fred.
Franklin. E. B. syers. Daniel
Francis, W. E. Ndiutta, Le wis
Fltzsimons JstewarU Charles
Frost, llezekiah Slater, R.
Fisher, J. H. cherry, Joseph M.
Fulton. Charles Shelton. Wlf Ham
Fadder, John Tinley.Chai les
Green. W.J. I 0 !!!’ h
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