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(Meek Id) Constitutionalist by JAJVLES GARDNER. From, our Milledgeville Correspondent. MILLEDGEVILLK, Nov. 18. 1858. Senate.—After the usual prelitninaties, Mr. Stubbs of Bibb, moved to reconsider the loss es a J bill to increase the salary Superintendent of the Western & Atlantic railroad—lost. Mr. Sutton of Dade, moved to reconsider the loss of a bill to allow the Wills Valley Railroad Company to use a form of order—agreed to. The rules were suspended to take up a bill to allow the Wills Valley railroad to use a form of order in this State. The individual liability clause was stricken out, and the bill passed. Several members were given leave of absence. A resolution was passed calling on the Governor for information as to which banks in the State had failed to complv with the law. The call of counties were then in order, and the following bills were introduced and read first lime: By Mr. Adams, of Elbert—To request Ihe Gov ernor to give James A. Greene the use of certain papers, Ac., to make out his claim on the United States. By Mr. Arnold, of Decatur —To incorporate the Planters’ Bank of Bainbridge. liv Mr. Bloodworth of l’ike—To cause a census to be taken after the Ist of January next. This is a good bill. By Mr. Gordon, of Walker—T*encourage in ternal improvements in this State—eight thousand dollars per mile aid; also, that in certain cases the bonds of defendants under the degree of felony shall not be forfeited. By Mr. Bullard, of Campbell—To regulate the agencies of insurance companies not chartered by thisSt%te; also, to render more certain the con struction of deeds and wills; also, to make all banks and bank agencies, foreign and domestic, pav a county tax. By Mr. Josser, of Spalding—To repeal all laws requiring promises to pay, Ac., to be in writing. By Mr. Overstreet, of Emanuel—Repealing all lans making Tux Collectors liable for costs on tax ji. fte. By Mr. Slaughter, of Dougherty—To permit the Supreme Court to withhold their decisions longer than the sitting; also, to allow the Supreme Court to continue cases. By Mr. Gibson, of Richmond—To amend the act incorporating the Independent Mechanic Fire Company of Augusta. By Mr. Stubbs, of Bibb—To incorporate the .Merchants’ and Mechanics’ Mutual Insurance Com pany of the city of Macon. By Mr. Ward, of Butts—To allow the Treasurer to sign the coupons of the old six per cent, bonds. Mr. Harris, of Merriwetber, moved to suspend the rules to take up a House resolution refusingto receive all new matter after the first of December —taken up and agreed to. Third reading of bills being in order, a bill to define the liabilities of drawers of checks, Ac. A ailsitute of Mr. Stubbs, of Bibb, making them liable as joint promisors, or as principal and se curity ; and may, at the option of the plainlitf, sue them in the same action with the acceptor, and in the county of the acceptor—was passed. A bill to allow bail to slaves and free persons of color —laid on the table for the present. A bill to make stockholders in corporations lia ble after the expiration of their charters—passed unanimously. A bill to allow the tax receiver of Richmond the game fees as the tax collector of Richmond— passed. A bill to allow the jailor of Richmond county to collect fees from persons.at whose instance anv one is imprisoned for debt—passed. A hill to allow guardians, executors, Ac., to in vest the funds of their wards, Ac., in the bonds of tluwcity of Augusta—passed. A bill to add the county of Wilcox to the second Congressional district. Mr. Harris, of Merriwetber, offered to giaeati ba adding lhircouoty of Carrol to the fifth—Tost. The bill then passed. After which several local b>l's were read and passed. A bill was then read to prevent the sale of intox icating liquors to minors. Mr. Harris of Worth, moved to lay the bill on the table for the balance of the session. After some discussion, the motion was withdraw n, and, on motion of Mr. Thomas, of Gwinnett, referred to a special committee of five, consisting of Metsrs. Thomas, Harris, of Worth, Cochran, Paine, and Shropshire, who, by the way, was the introducer of this bill. It provides for the fining of any violator three hundred dollars, or sixty days imprisonment in the county jail. 'Senate adjourned until 3 P. M. Times o’clock, P. M. The Senate did little else this evening but read bills a second time. A bill to incorporate the Bank of Marietta, was read third time and lost by a largt* majoriety. This bill vras encumbered by the individual liability clause, and also the for feiture of the charter, if its stock was purchased by citizens of other States. If this bill don’t suit, then no bank bill will. •» The Senate then adjourned until lialf-past nine o’clock, to-morrow morniug. House. —After the usual preliminaries, Mr. Luff man moved to reconsider the bill lost yesterday, in relation to imprisonment for debt and ca. sa. law—carried. Mr. Irvin, of Wilkes, moved to reconsider the hill lost yesterday, in relation to the Supreme Court, as it had been lost by only heu votes. Af ter a few remarks by Mr. Irvin,"the motion which was made by him was carried. Third Reading of Dilb. —To amend the second clause of iwenty-third section of first article of the Constitution of Georgia. It provides that making new counties and altering county lines can be done only by a two-thirds vote of both branches of the General Assembly. Mr. Wilkes, of Lincoln, who had offered the bill, said he was opposed to this wholesale way of making new counties—he was not sectional—he was opposed to making new counties in Middle Georgia. There were men residing near the lines of counties who were often troubled and harrassed about the lines, Ac. The bill was lost, not receiv ing a constitutional majority. Yeas S 3; nays 57. To authorise witnesses living out of this State to authenticate deeds or other instruments in writing—passed In Variation to the charges of judges to juries, the charges shall be written out and read by the judges—host. To compel and authorise constables to collect on Justices’ Court ft. fas., and for other purposes mentioned—lost. For the relief of the Union Branch railroad— read first time. Bdl* dec., introduced —By Mr. Harrison of Chat ham—A resolution requsting our delegation in Congress to use their influence for the purpose of notifying Great Britain that our treaty in re gard to keeping a fleet on the coast of Africa, be :It an end; that the fleet be withdrawn, as the object of the treaty has been defeated, and keeping the fiact there is a drain upon the national treasury to the amount of from seven hundred and fifty thousand dollars, tonne million dollars. By Hr. Frederick of Macon—Tojexempt one slave for each head of a family, from levy and ■sale. The rules were suspended in order to act upon a resolnticn introduced by Mr. Kendall of Merri wether in relaaiton to the management of the State road,during the years 1356 and 1857. This resolution -reprehends the managers for having practised an unbluthinofraud upon the State in borrowing money from the banks, at the same time paying arooutvts "greater or less in the State Trea ■S'.trys, Ac. Mr. Smith, cf Towns, wished to inquire into this subject, exfcmtnc the report of the committee, and moved that .the resolution remain upon the table till to-morrsw—agreed to. Bv Mr. (folmaß, of To alter and amend the "Constitution, dieventh section, third article, in relation to electing-sheriffs. By Mr. Mtlledge, sf Richmond —To repeal the second section of the act of 1527, fixing the dam ages on foreign bills of exchange in certain cases, and to reduce the same to two and, a half per cent.; also, to repeal an act, isnfitled an act, to amend the tenth section, tenth division, of the penal code. By Mr. Roberts, of Striven—To prevent persons from lishingh in the Savannah river with gillDets. By Mr. Cannon, of Wayne—T«> amend the Con stitution in regard to the time of .holding elections for Governor, Congressmen, Ac. By Mr. Irvin, of Wilkes—To amend the law in Tegj.rd to citations; also, to amend art act amend-! ing the penal code of Georgia; also, to allow ad ministrators to keep estates together on certain conditions. By Mr. Taliaferro, of Whitfield—To amend the law'in relation to securities on appeals. By Mr. Lewis, of Hancock—To incorporate a military academy in Hancock. A motion was made and agreed to, and the clerk proceeded, in accordance with the same, to the reading of bills for the second time. Third Reading. —To appropriate money for the removal of obstructions in the Great and Little Canoochee rivers—laid over lor the present. To authorise Justices of the Peace to exercise jurisdiction over the whole county, i. e., out ol their district—lost. To amend the laws in relation to consanguineous marriages, inheriting property, Ac.—referred to Judiciary Committee. To increase the salaries of Solicitors and Attor neys General—referred to the Judiciary Commit tee . . In relation to property in the hands <ff adminis trators, Ac.—passed. Ts vest life estates—referred to Judiciary Com mittee. In relation to issuing executions, providing that they may issue as soon as the verdict is delivered —passed. A communication from his Excellency, the Gov ernor, furnishing certain information in relation to the State road, giving several statistics iu rela tion to the monetary arrangements. For the appointment of Auditors in certain equi ty cases, whose duties shall he to make calcula tions, Ac. —passed. To abolish the Penitentiary from and after the first day of January, 1859, and a new penal code to be framed, and a plan devised by a committee, who shall be appointed for the purpose, to dispose of the convicts now there—made the special order for Monday next. To amend the laws establishing the Supreme Court—referred to the Judiciaiy Committee. To expedite the collection of moneys due on ex ecution-referred to the Judiciary Committee. To curtail the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court in relation to criminal cases—passed. The following Senate bills were read, upon mo tion, for the first time: To alter and amend the laws in relation to no tice bv insolvent debtors to their creditors, pro vides for publication of notice in gazettes. To lay out a new county from Lowndes and Thomas. To collect interest on open accounts. To lay out a new county from Stewart and Ran dolph. To change the time of holding the Superior Oonrt of Glynn countv. The House adjourned until 10 o’clock to morrow. Milledseville, Nov. 19,1558. • Senate. —After the usual preliminaries, Mr. Roberts, of Cobb, moved to reconsider the loss of a hill, on yesterday, incorporating the Bank of Ma rietta. Contrary to expeciation the bill was recon sidered by a large majority, without any opposi tion. This is strange legislation; on yesterday the majority against the bill was—yeas 38, nays 49; 11 majority against. Third Reading of Rills. —To make uniform the rules of criminal practice in this State. Amended by the Judiciary committee—as amended passed. To regulate order in which criminal cases shall come up—passed. To prescribe the manner of perfecting service of scire facaia on non-residents; requiring publica tion for thirty days in the paper in which the Sheriff of the county in which the case is sued, usually advertises—passed. To alter the divorce laws of this Stale, so as to permit any one against whom a verdict bus been obtained, divorcing them, even a ninculo matrimo nii, to marry again. Mr. hi taker, of Fulton, opposed the bill. He said, arc wo sent here to pass laws which will most assuredly inetease the number of divorces in the State? His opinion wus, that every guard, every protection, ought to be thrown around this, the most sacred of all rela tions in life. Would the legislature interfere to cause dissensions in private families ? The re straints now thrown around the institution of marriage were for the protection of helpless women and children. Should the legislature break down the barriers erected in the wisdom of former legislators for their protection? Hold iout the idea to persons not exactly satisfied with their lot, that at any time they may cause a verdtet to be obtained against them, by doing some act alike contrary to law and morality. It may be that these same persons desire to tnarry some other lady. Will we hold ont such an in ducemeut to those inclined to commit crime ? He hoped not. .These penalties had been attached to divorces as a punishment to the party in fault, the law considers that party as having committed a crime and treats, him or her, as a criminal. Shall we declare that to be no crime—to meet no pun ishment, which is alike contrary to, and consider ed criminal by the laws of God and man? Shall Georgia follow the example of Indiana? Look at her, she now stands a mark for the rude jest and the cutting sarcasm of all. Do Senators desire Georgia to occupy such a position, was the only question ? He hoped not. Mr. Bloodworth, of Pike, said he thought the law was a good one. As the law now stands, a great many were com pelled to live together, who unlike, unsuited and ought not to live together. Again, a great many obtained divorces and again desired to marry the same persons; it was then necessary to come to the legislature to obtain relief. Let them re-marry if they desired. Every one of these bills which came before the legislature either for permission to re-marry or for relief from the oppression of the law, cost the State from fifty to seventy-five dollars. He was opposed to thjs local legislation. He called for the \ ..as and nays. The yeas are 83, the nays are 34—so the bill passed. To allow Attorney’s at Law to control executions in certain cases—laid on the table for the present, on motion. . To point out the rights of aliens, allowing them to buy and sell real estate. Mr. Young, of union, ntovwl to refer the bill toaspecial committee of three. Mr. Dawson, of Green, opposed the motion, on the ground that it had been before the judiciary com mittee; and he thought it disrespect to that committee to re-refer the bill to another. Mr. Stubbs, of Bibb, said he, as chairman of that com mittee, had no objections to the bill being refered to a special committee. The judtciarv committee did like the bill as it was framed, and’he was will ing to let the gentleman so frame it as to meet the views of all. Mr. Ward, of Butts, also spoke in favor of its reference to a special committee. Mr. Young, of Union, also stated that, before making the motion to refer, he had consulted the Chair man of the judiciary committee. He did not wish to be misunderstood. The motion to refer was then agreed to. The committee are Messrs. Young of Union, Stubbs of Bibb, and Ward of Butts. To limit the time of application for writs of cer tiorai in the Justices’Courts to three months, in stead of six months, as formerly—passed. Sever al local bills were also passed. To allow Ordinaries to issue fi. fag. in certain cases, for the purpose of collecting fees—laid on fie table for the present. To repeal all laws allowing the Inferior Courts to change names, create incorporations, Ac. —laid ge the table for the present. To alter the law in regard to carrying cases to the Snpreme Court. This refers to the progress of the case in the Court below—passed. To allow the law in regard to damages and breach of warranty in the sale of slaves—lost. To render void all contracts of minors, except for necessaries—passed. To alter the iaw in regard to duties of trustees —laid on the table for the present. To ailew sheriffs to make titles to land in certain cases—passed. To fix the times of holding the elections of Judge of the I’ataula Circuit—passed. To change the times of holding the Superior Conrts of the Middle Circuit—laid on the table for the present. To incorporate the town of Thompson, *jn the county of Columbia —passed. To allow the administrator of Alexander Main ing to sell certain wild lands it pri rate sale. Mr. Paine, of Telfair, offered a substitute making the bill general in its provisions, allowing such rale wheaeverthe interests of the ward Ac. shall require it. The amendment wu agreed to, and the bill as a mesdeff passed. -A-XJGrXJSTA, (tA., WEDNEBDAIT, NOVEMBER o 4? 1858 Mr. Cone, of Bulloch, gave notico to the Senate that the artist who had been employed to paint the portrait of Gov. Clarke,had finished the work, and was ready to place it in its appropriate posi tion in the Senate Chamber, to do which it was necessary lor the Senate to udjourii until half past nine o’clock to-morrow morning. He moved that when the Senate does adjourn,it adjourns until ti* morrow morning at hall past nine o’clock—which motion was agreed to. Mr. Atkinson, of Camden, introduced a bill to prevent the Supreme Court from deciding any point in a case that has not arrived at final judg ment in the court below—read first time. 7 A resolution was agreed to and transmitted to the House, that all bills in relation to the Supreme Court should be referred to a committee to be com posed of the Judiciary Committees of both Houses. A resolution was adopted inviting the Hon. Henry R. Jackson to take a seat upon the floor. Messrs. Colquitt, Billups, and Grifhn of Twiggs, were appointed a committee to inform him of the action of the Senate. Bills were then read second time. The Senate adjourned until half past nine o’clock to-morrow morniug. House. —The House met pursuant to adjourn ment, and proceeded to business. All bills which contemplate changing county lines, were referred to the Committee on consoli dation. A resolution requesting the chairman to appoint a committee of five to examine all applicants who apply for leave to practice medicine, was read and lost. Jlills on Third Reading. —To render certain the compensation of teachers of poor children—lost. To provide for the appointment of a board cf, visitors to Franklin College. The bill proposes to allow the Governor to appoint one member of Dies legislature from each Congressional District, who shall receive a per diem and mileage, the same as now allowed the members. An amendment was offered and adopted to make their compensation the same as that now received by the visitors tq the Georgia Military Institute. This, and another of the same nature in relation to Franklin College, was made the special order for Tuesday next. j To alter certaiu portions of the Constitution—r special order for the 24th. To compensate the committee from the Senate who examined into the affairs of the Western A Atlantic railroad, at ten dollars per day ; amended by saying six dollars per day, and passed. To alter the first section, thud article, of the Constitution—referred to Judiciary Committee. To add an additional clause to the thirteenth section, fourth article of the Constitution—made the special order for Tuesday next. To incorporate the Cotton Planters’ Convention —postponed for the present. To refer the question of abolishing the Peniten tiary to the people of this State—lost. To allow compensation for the consolidated in dex of certain books in the Surveyor General’s office—passed. To compensate certaiu persons for apprehending Radford Crocket—passed. To appropriate fifteen thousand dolle.rs to endow Oglethorpe Medical College—luid on the table, subject to the call of Mr. Gordon, the introducer. To alter und amend the fiftieth section, fourteenth division of the penal code, in relation to joint in dictments. Mr. Wulker, of Clarke, made a few remarks—bill passed. To amend tiic eleventh section und fourth article of the Constitution—lost. To appropriate money to build a Court House in Dade county—passed. To amend an act to carry into effect the eighth sccitcm and third article of the Constitution. It relates to property, Ac., in cases of divorce—the bill was lost: yeas’ 18, nays 101. \ To repent *ll acts In relation to the Supreme' Court. The bill contemplates the total abolition of the institution. Mr. Mintz of Jackson, was neither in favor of, nor opposed to the Court. He had promised his constituents to introduce a bill to this effect, and In obedience to their instructions and wishes, he had done so. Mr. Hardeman wished the hill postponed for the present. The people were dissutished with the Court, as it now stands ; hut he was not for aboli tion but reform. The yeas and nays, on indefinite postponement, stood : yeas 24, nays 97. The motion for indefinite postponement being lost, Mr. Minlz moved to postpone for future con sideration, which was adopted. To appropriate money for the Medical College of Georgia; the amount asked is fifteen thousand dol lars. By Mr. Burton, of Richmond—lt was only jus tice to present the claims of this College. She was started as an experiment that sustained her self nobly; now she stands upon a ground which bids fair to he second to none in the Union. As a State policy it would be wise to liberally endow this institution, and place it beyond any contin gency. She saves the State thousands every year in stopping tire young men of the South here. There is a source’of specific income to the State every year, froth the medical profession to the amount of twenty-live to thirty thousand dollars; we demand the right to ask the small sum we do, to place her on a firm basis. Mr. Milledge said he would not detain the attention of the House long. Those persons who have presented the memorial accompanying this bill, are known per sonally to many members of this House. There is now a large judgment against the institution. The interest on this judgment is paid from the pockets of the professors who, without aid, will eventually have to pay both principal and interest; we wish to relieve them. Many improvements have been made in the va rious, branches of the profession, and there were appartns, which were Deeded but could not be purchased for want of money. It has been said the institution has been liberally helped by the eift of one hundred Augusta city lots ; these have een of no use. He could not let the bill be put upon it* passage without explaining it to the House. Mr. Taliaferro opposed the bill. Mr. Kenan, of Baldwin, thought enough had been given to the college already. Why did not the college make use of those lands given to her? Only because of the contentions among citizens of Augusta. The State bad given this college ten thousand dollars already, and now she asked for more. He was opposed to the motion in to-to; it would break attempt to pay all of these colleges ten thousand or lifteen thousand dollars each. The yeas and nays were called for. The question was called for, and, after some confusion, the clerk read out the yeas as 54, nays Cs—so the bill was lost. To alter and amend the eighth section, fourth division of the Penal Code, ft provides to pun ish voluntary manslaughter not less than two, nor more than twenty years—referred to judiciary committee. To repeal the first section, tenth division of the Penal Code, so as to substitute a punishment of fifty to five bundled lashes for vagrancy—laid on the table. To authorise aliens to receive, hold, and sell real i estate—referred to judiciary committee. To provide for the sale of two thirds of the stock of the Western and Atlantic railroad, Ac. (I have before given a synopsis of this bill;—laid on the table for the present, the introducer being absent. To prevent the use of any iMtin phrase in any and all of the legislative acts of this State, and to abolish them iD any new codification of the same— referred to judiciary committee. To compel all persons owning land in this State to return such land in the county where it is locat ed—referred to judiciary committee. To prevent the keeping of eatiDg houses by ne groes, or free pers< ns of color, in the town of C.-awfordville—passed. RspoaTEß. JSC” Xews items from the Upson Pilot, of Jfov, 16th: Pire in Upton Ojunty. —We learn that the ware house attached to the Wavman Factory, on Tobler Creek, in this county, was destroyed by fire on Wednesday morning, the 10th inst. About seven ty-five bag* of cotton were consumed, and the whole loss is estimated at four or five tbousand dollars. Post Office Bemud.—Vie. learn that the post office formerly known a* Hootonsviile in this conn tv, has been removed, acd fs now called the ‘'Flint River Factory.” j from the Federal Union. , Common School education. i MiLLBDCiKTtUB, Not. 9th, 1858. 1 Mestr*. Fitters : May I ask the insertion of the following patriotic and liberal views, of the nole and distinguished President of Oglethorpe Uni versity? They are worthy of the source tiom whence they came. Respectfully, Tnos. fe R. Conn. T. R. R. Cobb, Esq. —My Dear S r: You ask for a brief and summary expression of my views as to the relation which education bears to the State and church, respectively, and the proper basis on which educational systems should be organised and conducted. These are grave questions, worthy of the pro foundcst reflection of the patriot and the Chris tian. Their bearings are far reaching for time and eternity. Some of the principles bearing on this subject seem to uie to be very obvious. Ilut as to the pntcticnl details that should guide the action of civil governments, I am looking with intense in terest after the resultyet to flow Irom experiments,' now’ in operation in various States of the Union. The State aud the Church are both divinely ap pointed ordinances—both indispensable to the well being of mau. The State looks after the tempo ral interests of society; the church mainly alter its spiritual and eternal, aud subordinated, after its temporal welfare. The State—and especially a Republic—depends for its happiness, upon the virtuous intelligence of its citizens, and must therefore, ex necessitate rei cherish education as its life’s blood. The church i again cannot enjoy enlightened piety in her mem- ' bership unless she cultivates the minds, as well as i die hearts of her* offspring; and she must have ' ■flume authority to direct education within her own Ibid, or she ha’s no guarantee for sound religious i Instruction. Fatal error may sap her sacred foun- I dations if she cannot direct the teachings of her i Children. “ I J. llow then shall we harmonise and reconcile the liwo, and make them co-operate for the attainment ' 4r>f the greatest good ? Here lie* the practical dis- 1 flcnlty, viz : To secure educatioh for the greatest number and to the highest extent, and yet to guard the Temple of Science from false teachings and 1 corrupt seutiments. There are many districts in every State where the church has but little power—where, from the ' fewness of church members, or their divisions as different denominations, they cannot systematical ly and harmoniously co-operate effectively. Here the State must do the work of education, or leave i it undone. Again, in the highest departments of art and science, State endowments seem to be called for, to secure the largest facilities for in struction. My conclusion, then, is, that both church and State not only have a right, but are bound to teacb, or to secure its being done; and that it is a narrow an'd bigoted ultriusm to discouruge the one or the other from the work of teaching. Let them both act; there is abundant room for both. I<ct neither be discouraged. There need be no collision—no jealously—no antagonistic movements. There has been unfounded jealousy against denominational education in Georgia. It is giving way before the happy results which arc flowing from these institutions, in the elevation of the standard of enlightenment in the ohnrches, the increased supply of good teachers— the en larged intelligence of the Christian ministry—the impulse and quickening imparted to the cause of education generally. *; As tne churches’are aiding tho State to educate -{■hitherto entirely without expense to the State, Whilst church members have been amongst the Unrest tax payers, the State Bear now, in return, t Well amrereaelyy afford to «td rbnrch-insttlulions and make them her agents to a very large and in creased extent, in benefiting both church anil State. And as the churches are Interested deepljr in the welfare of the Slate, the vurious denomina tions may wisely encourage their members to aid the Stute" in doing, for the enlightenment of the people at large, what tho denominations cannot do as separate bodies. Georgia has now in her hands (ho facilities for making the most enviable educational endowment of any State in the Union, and of becoming em phatically the model State of ' the nation. Sow is the golden opportunity, and if not improved, it will depart from us, probably never to return. And shall any citizen of Georgia, from the paltry consideration of the few dimes or dollars to be retained annually in his cutlers, by the lowering of the luxes, oppose a grand educational scheme? The man that has one spark of honorable Stute pride, cannot be so recreant as to trifle with this opportunity to aid in promoting the lasting glory of his State—such a man is unworthy of the bright heritage with which God has entrusted him. Let the income of the State road—as the Gov ernor, and other noble advocates of education has suggested—be inuinly devoted to the cause es edu cation. Let all parties and interests unite in building up a free school system that will guaran ty a good education to every child in the State, encouraging the counties respectively, by volun tary taxation, to add to what the Treasury of the State may give them. Lot the denomiuntional colleges be well endowed, and give education to undergraduates. Let all interests unite for a mag nificent endowment of a State University, and let all its teachings be confined to those who bring diplomas—except in case of those who confine their studies to a scientific course. I do not mean by this suggestion to imply the abandonment of the collegiate department at Athens—but the establishment of a separate and distinct Univeisity system. I have no prejudice arising from the proximity of location to Franklin College, provided the graduates from all the de nominational colleges shall enjoy its privileges up on an equal footing. In this connection, I would add, that in providing for the education of poor young men for teachers at the expense of the State, 1 see no objection to the State giving a preference in numbers to her own college. The several denominational institutions are sustained and supported bv the religious seutiments of their respective churches. The State should foster her owd, at the same time acknowledging the useful ness and efficiency of the other colleges, by en tiusting to their care also, a portion ol' the teach ers thus to be instructed. I will add, that after the most mature reflection I have been enabled to give this subject,-I consid er it important to the citizens of Georgia, that there should be a'State college for undergraduates. The Episcopalian, the Lutheran, the Roman Catho lic, tile Jew, and others should not be forced to the necessity of sending their sons beyond the bounds of the State, or else placing them under the care of denominational institutions to whose tenets they may object. For while I know—from long connection wtlu one of these colleges—that no such interference is exercised with the religious opinions of students, as would be objectionable to the most fastidious, yet lam aware of tbe exis tence of such scruples, and 1 would not put it be yond tbe power of any parent to respect them. The Virginia University is doing a great work, and yet there is one sad defect in ns organization. It encourages uneducated young men, to resort to the teachings of its learned professors, who are Utterly unqualified in attainments of age, to be benefited by the lectures. Not more than one fourth of the pupils are the better for their oppor tunities. The remamder leave those walls nearly as uneducated as they were when they repaired to them, and are cut off from ever gettiug a good education, by having been tempted to undertake I wbai they were utterly incompetent to do. The wisest heads and the maturest and soundest experience are eminently called for to device a plan of education for Georgia. Empyricism here j should have no place. Education should be sound and thorough, and great puinsjtmuld be taken to secure proper mor al and religious influence in tbe teachings impart ed ; lor education, without religions influence, would prove a curse rather than a blessing. If the mam portion of the income of the State road could be set apart to promote some judicious system of public education, it would prove the greatest pos-thle Messing to the State. Indeed, tbe road can be made no exhaustions mine of nches to the people, not only by imparting a j General spirit of internal improvement which will j evelop the boundless resources ot the State, but I by pouring out its treasures to the enlightenment | of the public mind, and giving mental power to I the rising generation to mould wiselv the rich f materials that God is putting into their hands for j the promotion of His glory and the good of hu manity. “ L Itis an auspicious sign to see so many of our i legislators and citizens interested deeply in the noble cause of education, and to see our excellent , Governor leading the way in enlarged educational ' suggestions. Icannot close without expressing mv high grat ification with the views I had the pleasure of hearing you express on Saturday night in the Rep resentative Hall of tile State UMse. I believe Ido not dissent from a solitary view presented by vim on the occastou. And I feel that in common with my fellow-citizens of Goorgta, I owe you a debt of gratitude for yoitr noble exertions in behalf of tbo cause of education. I am, nty dear sir, truly, yours, . Sam’l K. Talsiauk. the A’ew York Journal of Commerce. Approved by all Parties. It is seldom that a speech upon an exciting topic like the question of slavery meets with commend ation front all political parties, butGor. Hammond, of South Carolina, appears to have had the re markable fortune to nave made snch u speech, or at least to have won from all parties the credit of having delivered a candid, impartial and manly address, which is entitled to respect, if not to en ure approval, in all sections of the country. We have felt interested in watching the reception of this speech, and the impression it has made in different parts of the Union, and among men rep resenting different political views uud so far as our observation goes, tt is everywhere pronounced a production of great power, and of great fairness to all. We expocted for this effort of Senator Hammond a good reception among the moderate men at the South, and of the North, and we hoped that its self-evident truths, and its undoubted candor and fairness, would command the respcot at least of the uliraists in both sections of the Union. In this tic have not beeu disappointed. While ex ception is taken by the Charleston M*rcnru, and a few other southern papers, to some of the posi lions in the speech, we appreheud that these ex ceptions ure so few and so unimportant that the doctiines there laid down may be assumed to be I the doctrines of the Mouth, speaking of that part I of the confederacy as a whole, and that the dts j settlers among the public men and the newspapers will not amount to a formidable ahow of hostility to this southern platform, laid down by one of the ablest of southern statesmen. At the North, the views of Mr. Hammond have excited mingled feelings of surprise and of admi ration. They have shown, not that the spirit und temper of the Mouth is broken ; not that their peo ple do not mean to assert and maintain their rights, but that in asserting sod maintaining them, they understand and appreciate their true relations to the other sections of the Union ; that they base their dentunds on no frivolous pretexts, and ask for nothing to which they are not entitled under the Constitution. They have confirmed the con servative portion of our people, in the views they )invo long entertained on the question of State rights, and they have established the conviction, already widely entertained, and by this able argu ment rendered far more general, that there is not such an antagonism botween tin; slave und the free Slates us to prevent them from existing to gether in the Union. It is not to be supposed that, Governor Ham mond's views will every where be endorsed, in all their length and breadth, for thin would be im possible; but it is fortunate, not only for the states man who uttered them, but for the country, at large, that they were presented in such form as to eouim*n(t lestpijf, h b seldom tiiat..oa southern martlets n crttraunioAringitt the when his theme is that of slavery; and perhaps we should add, that northern men find the saute ditii culty in getting the ear of those in the South. Hut Senator Hammond has been singularly fortunate in this respect. The tone and temper of this speech, its candor, its frank ad mission* and up purently sincere declarations, have gained, lor it a hearing, and a circulation throughout the country, more general than is often accorded to a docu ment of the same length. Tho Republican papers are many of then) publishing it, nni ] their comments have in most instances been such as to afford no cause of complaint by the author or bis friends. We are glad this question has thus been brought to public notice. It cannot fail to lend to its bet ter understanding ; and notwithstanding the un fortunate address of Gov. Seward, delivered ul most simultaneously with that of Gov. Hammond, and which breathed a spirit so greatly in contrast with thut of the latter gentleman, will, beyond all question, hare a salutary influence upon the pub lic mind. • The foregoing has bean several days in type, waiting room for un insertion. Meantime we meet everywhere with additional testimonials to the power and the wisdom of Mr. Hammond's address. The New York Tim?* not only coincides substan tially with the mam points in Gov. Hammond’s speech, but actually hints thut he may have the support of that journal for the Presidency. Is it not rather early for the Time* to bring out its Presidential candidate V From lite ProviiUnce ( It. /.) pn*t, Nov. 10. Disastrous Conflagration—The Theatre and liowurd lllock again in Ashes. l.ast evening, about half-pust seven o’clock, a fire broke out in basement room in the North west corner of Howard block, used by Messrs. An thony, Denison k Co., as a glazier’s room. The theatre building, adjoining Howard block on the East side, was also entirely destroyed. The one slnry wooden building next East of the theatre, belonging to Walter R. Dunforth, was badly crushed by the falling walls. Most of the goods had been previously removed. t Howard block was a live-story brick building, , extending from Westminster street to Exchange Place. There were about a dozen stores in the first storj, some of them, however, unoccupied. Three of the stores were occupied by G. k V. P. Hutchins, , for the sale of gas fixtures, china, glass and crock . ery ware. A portion of their stock was removed, but their loss will be heavy. Their stock wus worth about thirty thousand dollars. W. H. k F. C. Adams, book-binders and sta tioners, occupied another store. Wm. 11. Hudson A Son, dealers in laces, fringes, embroideries, Ac., occupied a corner store. The piano forte warcroom of Albert It. Peck was in the seednd story. We believe all but two of his instruments were removed. Howard Hall, by far the largest and most beau tiful ball in tbe city, measuring about one hundred and ten by sixty-five feet, occupied the third story, and a large portion of the rest of the building was occupied by Anthony, Denison A Co., manufac turers and dealers in 'furniture. The Theatre building was mainly unoccupied, except the first story, which was occupied by Strauss A Co., dealere in dry goods; Tabor A Co., dealers in musical merchandise; and Henry Whit man A Co., clothiers. The following named establishments on West minster street, suffered great loss from water and the hasty removal of their goods, although the lire fortunately did not reach them : HtAnphrev A Co., confectioners ; Charles Sisson, confectioner; A. JJ. Curry A Son, furniture dealers; Geo. W. Sleeper, tea store; Win. H. Low, shoe store; George Snow, shoe store ; Richard Davis, dry goods; and Clapp A Cory, music dealers. Several other dealers moved their goods or put them in a moving condition. Howard Block and the theatre building were both owned by Geo. A. Howard. The former was worth eighty thousand dollars, and the latter thirty five thousand dollars. The block was insured for about fifty thousand dollurs, and the theatre, it is understood, for twenty thousand dollars. Five years ago last October, two buildings of almost precisely similar form and construction to those burnt last nignt were destroyed on the same site, in the great conflagration that opened Dor rance street. A correspondent of tbe Washington Univ, writing frdln Springfield, Illinois, announces tbe very serious illness of the Hod. Thomas L. Hak his, of that State. The writer feats that be will n ver be able to leave bis bed ugain. T 6 his many friends throughout the country this an nonneement will give great pain. VOL. O. 48. From the Charleston Mercury, Xov. 17. Statement of Captain Gage, of the Ketch Brothers* Tbe ketch Brothers cleared from Havana on the first of July, and sailed on the morning of the second, hound for a trading voyage to the coast of Africa, with a crew consisting of captain, super cargo, two passengers, three .seamen and cook. The voyage being legal, nothing of importance oc curred on the passage until the morning of the eighth of September, when I made Maunroba l’oint, on the West coast of Africa, and shortly af ter made a sail that proved to be the United States frigate Marion, and was boarded from the same by Lieutenant Stone, and requested to prodace my papers; he then wished to look at my hold, an*d did so, and informed me that my papers were all correct, and he would go on board of the frigate and report to the captain; and then, if thev made aatl, I could do the same. Shortly after the "boat re turned with the oaptain of the frigate—he asking me for my papers, and at the same time sent his men into the hold, broke a case out, and hoist ed it on deck and broke it open, and tound the : contents of the same to be an iron cheat, and then - informed me that he must make a seizure of mv • vessel. The vessel was then run further in shore ■ aud brought to an anchor, and laid there for twen ' ty-four hours; during that time there was a search r made, fore and aft, and a part of my cargo taken • on board of the frigpte and remained there. The ■ captain was wrdereoko leave my state room, and did ho, .having a berth in the cabiD, the super-car* go and passengers being ordered into the hold, there being four spare berths in tbe steerage. Nothing of importance occurred on the passage but hard living and petty insults, until we were standing in off Cape Fear, when Lieutenant Stone called me aft, and told me that if I would give him a note, purporting that the vessel was in bad order, her sails and rigging bad, and no Others to replace them if they blew away, he would go into Wilmington, and 1 refused, there being u fine, whole sail breeze. Two days after tpe.arrived in t’harleeton, and the rest the citizens of/Uharleston are aware of. ■From the Lmtrick Munster Xews, Xov. 2 . The Atlantic Cable. The Bt*g, with seven mites of the shore end ot Cable on board, lias m-rtvod in Valencia harbor, and Captain Kell will, no doobt, commence th« Wtythg of it wiihmit unnecessary delay.. There is oue mlber dangerous reef of rock* lying about one mile ami » half or two miles outside the month of Valencia harbor, colled the Coastguard Patch. On this rock there are about ton fathoms at low water, end about twenty-six fathoms all around it. Unfortunately, as the Agamemnon entered the harbor, owing to the wind being un favorable, sho was obliged to lay the cable over this spot. It tR thought that tbe drifting of tbe ■ cable over this place might have partially caused the injury which hua stopped the working for so long a period. From this point it will of course be removed and deposited in ths most secure and level channel into the harbor. With tlie view of discovering such a channel CapU Kell has for the last few days been closely sound ing every approach to the bay, both on the Valen cia and the Lough Kay sides of the lleginish Island. As there are already between four and five miles of the shore end of the cable laid down, the additional seven miles which will be added to it by Captain Kell will render the rope quite secure again?! injury from the wash of the tide. It is understood that Mr. llealy, whose power ful magnetic-electric machinea have for some time been used at Valencia, has undertaken to superin • tend the electric operations at Valencia for a short ■ period. If the next account* front Newfoundland t should show that the reversals Irrttti Mr. Mealy’* 1 instruments have been received froff Valencia, no HntAic Gently to Each Other.—“please to help t hie it miniito, sister.” j “O don't drstnrb me, I’m reuding,” was the an i * iver. “But just hold this stick, won’t you, while 1 i drive this pm through V” , "I can’t now, I wunt to finish this story,’’ said I - emphatically ; and mv little brother turned away , with a disappointed look, ill search of somebody ■ else to assist him. i Ho was a bright boy of ten years, and my only brother. He had been visiting a young friend, t and had seen a windmill, and us soon as he came ■ home his energies were all employed in making a . small one ; for be was always trying to make lops, • wheelbarrows, kites and all sorts of things, such , as boys delight in. Ho had worked patiently all : tho morning with saw' and jack-knife, and now it l only needed putting together to complete it—and his only sister had refused to assist him, and he had gone uway with bis young heart saddened. I thought of ail this in the fifteen minutes after he left me, and my book gave me no pleasure. It was not intentional unkindness, only thoughtless ness. for I loved my brother and was generally kind to him ; still 1 hud refused to help him. I would have gone after him, and afforded the assistance he needed, but 1 knew he had found sonic one else. But 1 bad neglicted an opportunity of gladdening a childish heart. In half an hour they canto hounding into the house, exclaiming, “ Come, Mary, I’ve got it up: just see how it goes!’’ His tones were Joyous, and ’ I saw that he had forgotten my petulance, so I determined to atone by unusual kindness. I i went with him, and sure enough on the roof of the - woodhouSe was fastened a miniature wind mill, and - the arms were whirling around fast enough to sail •ay boy. I praised the wind mill and my little t brother’s ingenuity, and he seemed happy and entirely forgetful of my unkindness, .ad i resolved, t ail had many times before, to be always loving s and gentle. e A few days passed by, and the shadow of a great sorrow darkened our dwelling. The joyous laugh and noisy glee were hushed, and our merry boy e lay in a darkened room with anxious faces around it him, his cheeks flushed and his eyes unnaturally e bright. Sometimes his temples would moisten i, an a bis muscles relax, and then hope would come ;- into our hearts, and our eyes would fill with thank , ful tears. It was in one of these deceitful calms s in his disease that he heard the noise of bis little wheel,and said, “I hear my wind mill!” - “Does it make yourhead ache?” 1 asked. “Shall we take it down?” , "Oh no,” replied lie, “it seems as if I were out of doors, and it makes inc feel better.” He mused a moment, and then added : “Don’t > you remember, Mary, that I wanted you to help me fix it, and you was reading and told me you could not? Hut it didn’t make any diffeience, for mam ma helped me.” O, how sadly those words fell upon my ear, and what hitter memories they awakened, llow 1 re pented, as I kissed little Prank’s forehead, that l had ever spoken unkindly to him. Hours of sorrow went by, and we watched his couchyt * hope growing fainter, and fainter, and an guish deeper, until, one week from the morning on which he spoke of his childish sports, we closed the eyes once so sparkling, and folded his hands over his pulseless heart. He sleeps now in the grave, and home is desolate: but the little windmill, the work of his busy hands, is still swinging in the breeze, just where be placed it, upon the roof of the old woodshed; and every lime I see the tiny arms revolving, I remember the lost little Frank ; and I remember also the thought less, the unkind words. Brothers and sisters be kind to each other. Be gentle, considerate, and loving.— Examiner. I,a payettr Hall.—There are some reminis cences, coincidences, Ac., connected with this building, which we think deserve a passing no tice. This house was built about the year 1823, by Col. Seaborn Jones, and first occupied by Wm. F. Scott, Esq. It is tbe house at which General Lafayette put up on his visit to this place in 1825. There was sleeping in it when it took fire, an old gentleman who slept in it thirty-four years since, on the first night it was ever occupied as a hotel. On looking at an old copy of Sherwood’s Gazetteer, we see its original cost was twenty-fire thousand , dollare. —Federal Union, Non. 18. An Irish lady wrote to her lover, begging him to send her some money. She.added, byway of l postscript: “I am so ashamed of the request I i have made in this letter, that I sent after the post i man td get it back, but the servant could not orer | take him.”