Weekly constitutionalist. (Augusta, Ga.) 185?-1877, August 13, 1862, Image 1
dl)c Ulcchln Constitutionalist.
BY JAMES GARDNER.
Fr+m the Atlanta (tfa.) Southern Confederacy, August
THE MOST EXTRAORDINARY CHAPTER IN
THE HISTORY OF THE WAR
Knoxville, July 80, 1862.
(Japt. R. A . AUton, A A. G. ,
Oo me loin Juiy, Gen. Morgan, with myself
and a bodv guard ot fifteen men, arrived at a
potnt one-baif a mile below Horse Cave, on ifce
Lou sville A NistjViJle Railrobd, where 1 toon
down the telegraph wire ana connected my
pocket instrument lor the purpose of taking off
all the despatches as they passed through—
Owing to a heavy storm prevailing South the at*
mospneric electricity prevened me from com*
muutcatiug wnh How‘mg Green or Nashville.
The first 1 heard was Louisville calling Howling
Green, i immediately put on my ground wire
Southward, Loiicing i articulariy ai the same
time Wbai Chauges it would make iu the circuit,
li did make it stronger; but the storm mentioned
afl ctmg gion* or less, Louisville did
no; .-uspictoi) any thing wi ong, and I answered
lor Bowuug Greeu, wbto I received the follow
ing UiUfeajge;
Louisville,
T‘ S. D Brown* Bowling Grttn :
You auii Col. tlmuhtou move together
I tear the orcr of Col. H is too small to ven
ture to Gtaagow. The whole force should move
together, as he enemy are mounted. We ca .
Dot isioiurt t • leave the Road 100 lar, as they
may pass i oo no and ruin it.
J. T. Both*.
Brigadier General Commanding.
1 returned itie usual signal, “O K. ” aiier reectv
tog (be me^ouge.
iiooisviiie immediately called Nashville ; and i
answered for Nashville, receiving business tor
two hours I bis business was mostly ot * private
Daiuie. and 1 took no copies. It couid brp am'\
perceived from the tenor of the tj>ts»ag ihai
Morgan wuS in the country, and all • •iclera to senu
money a4id valuables by r .tlroad, w ie counter
luandcd-as they supposed. Little out th- <p
erator at Louisville it-iuk ail his work Vwu d have
to be lepealed the nei« day. Lo is/ihe uLo sent
the n- ws ol the day, and thus we were furnished
with New Yoik and Washington dales of that
da*. During the whole-of ibis time it was rain*
log heavily, uod my situation was anvthing but
an agreeable one—Sitting in the mod with my feet
in the watt rupto my knees. At eleven o'clock,
P, M•. the Geuerai, being sail.*tied that we bail
drained Louisville ot news, concluded lo cloms
for ibe night, »ud gave me the tollowiog mi-SMige
to send, Gating and signing as below :
Nashvillk July 10.
T> H*»ry Ihnt, P rawest Jfa>»hui t LwsmLU :
Deueiai Forrest, cuumTiLdibg a brigade, at
tacked Mar<reesboio. routing our loices, and »>
Dow moving on Nashville. Morgan reported lo
be between ikons vibe and Gailavo, and will act
to concert vritii Foirest, it is believed, interm
<he G moral* couuuaEdiog.
Stanley Mathkws, a
Frovoai M.imual.
1 am not aware t 1 at General Moreau claims
to be a propber, or the son of a prophet ; bui
Forrest did attack Xurtieeaboto’, and tout the
«ecem\ .*
On arriving a Lebanon, July 12'h, 1 accompan
ied the advance gturd into town, and took pos
.sessioo oMhe telegraph < (five imm diate y '! his.,
yon know, *,.* ,»i 8 80 A. M. 1 a<juMed the
lufttrameui aua examined lie cite it. No o*her
aniswiur nw •» J, *-» «i oeured to b on baud ib*s
ea.iy. i-i-hww -.aamkotrc ah i>wi wraps ‘Amts to tor
day previous. Among <h« 10 I found «he follow*
»“*5 i
Lies a non, July 11, 1862
General J T. B yU* Luu*»vilu, Ky :
1 have pos' ive 1 uurm*. ton tiiut there are 4**o
frtarauoeia 10 2o miles of tins piace, 00 tire tile
L* x\g on road, approaching Lebanon. .Send re
future'merits mum uiHirfy A. Y Johnson,
Lie Hi.. Col C •imnaoding. -
At 78b >n peraior 1*140104 Z” commenced
Calling “ii.” whn;h 1 had asci rlained by the books
iu Ibe office, w t* the s gcul for the L-Hua o •.
flee. I auswered thecail. when the‘following
conversation Oeiween *\Z ’ and myself eosu-d ;
To Lebaifou- V\ hat new ; any more skn oii*h‘
iog a"er y« or la>t n.ertagi? 2
To Z No. We drove what little Cavalry there
was away. “ K
To B. Has the tram arrived yet? Z
To Z. No. About how many troops on ir in?
H
To B. s’JU— 6oth Indiana, commanded by O »i.
O w c ns. jr.
Mv cum*..tv being excited as to wbat stat on
Z a as. aod 1 « ascertain without creating auy hu-.
piciO". 1 »<i .pied the followiog plan:
To % A gvntl*man here in the office, bets me
the c gars, yt 11 caonol spell Ibe name 01 you?
Btattou cor >ec> ly. )*
To B Take 'he bet. L e-b-a- n-n-n J u-n-c
t i-o-n. 1s his not rigbi? H*.w did he rh»» h I
wotod -pen f»? - Z. •
To Z He giri-s ir «p. He thought you won d
put two B's »»• Lhuvun. B.
To B HIB* I He is a green one.' Z.
T»» Z Y**>; t-.at's so. B
To Z Wha time old the train with soUlier.*
pass, Z? H.
*lo« 830 Its* mgbt. Z.
To Z. Very e>ngu i*r where the is ! B
ToB. Yes, itis; let me know when it arrives
Z
At 820 Le .an* n Junction called o-e up ano
cam: •
To B Ti;e train baß reiurned They had a
Rglir »rb the ebeie ai New Hope. 'lbe com-
Dian'i ng r t?i* er . warts orders for *. Z.
I«>Z. Give u me parncuiars of the fight.
Col. Johnson lb aniH-i s to knew all aboui it
B.
To B. Here is Moore's message tnGru. Bov ie.
LtBAM*3I Ju.'ClloN. J uiy 12.
Tyj Gtn J T D yi» :
At 11 o'clock 1 .-ft! iiigbt, a: New JH(-pe bt/11l in.
par 1 01 my ecu ui,t» lec a n rceot r- b-1
■cavalry j oßttU or: the cool ly r.'aid one Lail Dio.
*■* B.e 1 ailrobd. Auer a busk tire 4.f rnus-
Aeuy <»r iw,-j» > uiiuu.es, the enemy w«.* r u eri
ami fle - Sk.raii ners were oui in different
direct ions, bui were uoab.e to find ihe t-Ltuiv
Ai three thin morning, apprehending ha? ao v
f<»r» might be ii flOc 14. cts'in) ilt briCktt, il on
fear, we u.oved Ci »\r ti, New Haven hno pt
nn ue«J on *l a ter d ivi* gi;. w;ien it»e ti am <4 eu
bac-U to tin .oroe 1.1 ii« KkirmieU. A Mr.
n.«D, '.1.0*111 cm.m>, W 1.6 ii.m d. u oitiilh
r.„!i'' de ‘ 1 ’ rep.w
th >r . c ' " u “‘ ntl t.jit. Jack AlliD ,ua .n.i
' - '*'l ta le., bld retard. Ureellßtim e t'L.
T‘r: k '•• d * ud lh,E '»•<•«' Tile bi'i'ki.
<oond ID Ihe held Hud
ut> yum hi Uidtieut olareß, >boW li g ibai th*-
-»»-
wi 'iso. awaiting orners
F. Mu .il, ComruaD oug.”
L.beTH,o June.,,, w , he , „. Ilon
*r Ie him id* !orWu ,' d , d ih ;
A B Mw JUS ' ' U “ , ‘
7t> Col. Juk**,!,, ZeM«Dh ; I '^‘ ST ' LLI ' , Jul - T 18
* u ‘ rd »“ d j“" <;«lm.el O-ens.
J ursueibe sties.y and dr<ve mm oul Cull
ticuß and vigcrv.uK Make no deny.
J r. h« tlr.
u Br.g Ges. Cow n»*% dmg
isy tnfe loihiwing it will appear that u., ooei
must have en rone f.r Lehanoo ;
n , , _ L*.U,SVIUat, Ju Vl2
Ooion.l (h» r ,, t Lboron t
You will move uitcT the ?nemv and pu sn* hifri.
J 1 . B TLH
r >gadier C ’o»rn u*d»pg.
liH; iSuj _ FB- cesrvj. J
Up to the time of our leaving Lebanon, which
was about noon, Col. Owens bad not arrived.
General Morgan told me I could close my ofiice;
und to allay tor that evening all suppiciiin at Le
banon Junction, at not being able to communis
cate with Lebanon, 1 dispatched the operator as
fdlows .
To Z. Have been up all night and am very
steopy. It you have no objections, I will take a
uap until 2 or 8 o’clock. B.
To B. All right—don’t oversleep yourself.
Z.
Wonder if I did !
We arrived at Mid way, between Frankfort and
Lexmgion, on the Louisville A Lexington RaiU
road, about 10A. M. next day. At ibis place 1
surprised the operator, who was quietly silting
on tbe platform of the depot, enjoying bimsetl
hugely Little did he suspicion that the much
drt-udtd Morgan was in his vicinity. I demanded
of him to call Lexington and inquire tbe t me
•t day, which he did. This I did
tor tbe purpose of getting his stvle of
handling lhe *K»j”in opting dispatches
My brst imprefcSioua of bis style, from noticing
ibe paper in the instrument, were conHrm
.d. He was, to use a telegraphic term, a “Plug”
operator. 1 adopted his sty ie ot writing, and
commenced operations. In this office I found a
sogDttl book, which proved to be very useful. Ii
contained tbe calls lor ail ibe offices. Dispatch
kfter dispatch was going lo and from Lexington,
Georgetown, Tails and Fiankfort, all containing
bomeihtng in reference to Morgan.
Uq commencing operations ai this place, I dis
covered that there were two wires on the line
along this railroad. One was what we term a
through wire,” running direct fiom Lexirgion
lo Frakfort, and not entering any ol tbe way
offices, j found that ail military business was
ent over that wire. As it did not enter Midway
office, I ordered it cut, thus forcing Lexington on
10 the w.re that did run through the office.
1 tested the line and found that by applying
my ground with, it made no difference with the
cucuit; and as Lexiugton Was headquarters, I
cut Frankfort off. Midway was called. I an*
swered and received the following:
Lixin 3to*, July 15.
7b *7. W. *Woolvms . Oyer at- *r Midway:
Will there be any danger tu coming to Mid
way? Is everything right ?
Taylor, Conductor.
I inquired of my prisoner (the operator.) if h;
knew a man by tbe name of Taylor. He said
Taylor was conductor. I immediately gave
Taylor tbe following reply :
Midway, July 15.
7b Tay ] oj, t L-xingto t :
All right—come on—no signs of any rebels
WoOLtfMS.
The operator in Cincinnati then called Fianb*
tort. I anew, red aod received about a dozen un
important d»paicbes. H«- bad no sooner finished,
when Lexir gioo called Fiankfort. Again I au«
swertd aod received tbe following message :
Lkxington, July 15.
71* Gen. FinneU , Freer. Lfurt :
I wish you to move tne forces at Frankfort on
the line of the Lexington Railroad mmediately,
and have the cars toll' w and lake them up as
so n as possible. Further orders will uwwii
•hem at Midway.! wi‘l, in three or four hours,
n*ov* forward on the Georgetown Pike; will
ive most of my men mounted. Morgan left
V’eisftllltd his nutfiiina *»' a «wia»ein>*»»
men, on tbe Midway road, movinic in the direc*
non oi Georgetown.
Brigadier General Ward.
This being our position and intention exactly,
it was thought proper lo throw Gen. Warden
s« me othei trhCK. Ho in the course of half an
hour, 1 manufactured and sent 'ht ioMowng
dispatch, which was approved by God. Mo gun:
Midway, July 16, '62.
T> Brig. Qtn. Ward. hxn,gt>n\
Morgen, with upwards ol one thousand men,
r* me within a mile of here, and took the old
Pranfort road, bound, as we suppose for Frank l *
fort. This is reliaole.
“Woollm*, Operator.”
In about ten minutes again called
Frankfort, when i received «he following:
Lexington, Ju y 15.
To Gen. FinnsU. Jfrankfort:
“Morgan, w*th more than one thousand men,
came withis a mile of here and took the old
Frankfort road.”
This dispatch received from Midway, ana is rea
liaole. The regiment from Frankiort bad betier
oe recalled. General Ward.
1 receipted for this message and again man
utactur* d a message to confiim the information
(*en. Ward had rtceiv.d ‘rum Midwav, and not
Koowtog the land fiom Frankiort to Lexing
ton. 1 conTd Dot send a formal message ; so ap
pear ng gr-Rtly agitated, I waited un»tl the circuit
wHSuccupi d, and broke in, telling 'hem to wait
a tmnule, nod comm- Deed calling L x nglon. He
answered with as much gusto as 1 called him. I
telegraphed as follows:
Frankfort t«» Lexington : Tell Gen. War<} our
pickets are just driven in-Great excitement—
tickets say the force of the enemy must be two
bonsaitd. Ofbratob.
It wasnoA- 2 o'clock, P. M., and Gen. Morgan
w:shgo to be I ff f'-r Georgetown. I run a secret
wevna connexion and opened be circuit on »he
L-x»ngtoD end. This war to leave the impres*
*i«>n mat tbe Frakfort operator whs skedaddling,
•r 'f ai Morgan’s men had destroyed the
graph.
We arrived at Georgetown ab .til the setting
».l the sun. I went to ibe tetegiaph office, found
i. locked, enquired lor the operator, who xv*s
j oined out or me on the street. I bailed h iri
uid ceamndeo admission into his ffice. He very
courteously rbc wed wc in. DtacoVeriug that bis
• usti nQ-fco ip bad be.D reamved, I a»keo where
iht y wtie Ht- said h. had sent tfcerx to Lexmg
L 1 okk ed bill, w La. ioie he had Lexiugiob lust.
He Kiu<i nine o’cl» ck. and since tuai time tbe line
• id hefij do vn. 1 . remarked that it must be an
• x >.& i dinars' find o bt* m working condition
• u wu.' down, a* 4 I heard him sending mes»
s to L‘-x Dtr'ou w he c 1 wag hi Midway at one
.’crook. This was a stunner; he had nothing to
-ay. I Din ediaTeh tested ibe :ine by applying
:.t e’ids '■! ' lie wires to my longue, ana found
:e iiue ‘‘OK. I eaid uo/bi g'tobiui, but called
or a inti d >f Lvw w.en To take care of Mr. Hmith
unit 1g i read; to leave town I did not inters
nip! ti e ijDes u 1 alter tea. when 1 put in my
wn it.eif unit-nt xrd afier listroing an hour or
iah a’ the *s i dKing, I open -d th j C4id* ,
v- r-Htiou a- foili vrs, signing myself ‘ Federal
*
lo LeX'Dgtoo: Keep mum; I am in tbe rffice
r adir.g by the sound of my magnet in tbe dark.
I crawled' in wh n no one saw me. Margan’s
men are here, carnj.ed on Dr. GaDo’s place
Georgetown.
To GeiTgetowo ; K ep cool; don’t be discov
ered. About how many rebels are there ?
Lexington.
To L°x’Dgtou : I don’t know ; ] did not b dice.
As Morgan’s operator was asking me about my
■ LHirunrienta I told him laent.tbem to Lexmg-.
on. He Baid d— n the ibe luck, and went oat.
Georgetown.
To Georgetown . Be on hand »od keep us
posted Lexington.
To Lexington • I will do so. Tell General
Ward I’ll stay op all night if be wishes.
Georgetown.
T-> Georgetown ; Mr. Fulton wishes to know if
the r. b-ls are there. Cincinnati.
Tu Cincinnati: Yea, Morgan’s m-n are here.
Georgetown
T > Georgetown: Ho»v can you bo id tbe I
office and not be arrested. Cincinnati
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING AUG 13, 1862.
To Cincinnati* Oh, i .m in the dark, and
; am reading by sound t f .b* magnet.
Giorgetown.
This settled Cincincai Question after ques
! tion was asked me about the.rebels, and I an-
I swered to suit myself. j.
! Things had been gmc;r on this way about two
l : hours, when Lexingto* . iked me where my as
Bistant was. 1 replied. llre’t know. Ue then
j asked me. Have you see » bijfltt to-day ? I replied,
No. This was the last t - 1 could do in
Georgetown.
j 1 then called on Mr jfcifeh, the operator, who
wag under guard in my room, and informed him
that 1 would furnish him with a*rmi!e in the mor*
iog, and should be pleas*, d to have him accompany
me to Dixie, as I nnderftiuoa be was in the employ
of the U. 8. Government This was anything but
agreeable to him. I thought I had struck the
young man in the right jluce, and remarked that
had h» not sent his in sir', meats to Lexiogton, 1
would have taken there ,r> preference to his per
anQ. Hi* and an idea struck him
verv forcibly, trnm he made a proposition
—it was to furnish me ti fin strum* n ts if 1 would
release him.
This I agreed to, as ad to instruments are of
much more value to th<TConfederacy than Yankee
telegraphers. I accompanied him to the ser
vant's roojp, and there, nader the bed, in a chest,
we found the instruments. Mr. 8. having given
me bis word on honor, Shat he would not leave
town for the next twenty lour hours, be was set
at liberty to visit his w>found the young Smiths.
On arriving at Cynthia*)*, I found that the op-
I era'or had skedaddled. 1 tested the wires and
I found no fl-ud from either Covington or Lexing
ton, nor were the wires in working order wheu 1
left the office the next day.
At Par's the operator bid made a clean sweep.
He left the night taking all his instru
ments.
At Crab Orcbaid then was no office, and I had
to put in my pocket magnet, which I did at 11
A. M The first message 1 received was the fol
lowing : •
Louisville, July 21.
To CoK Woil ford, L'anvtLl* :
i Pursue Morgan. He if at Crab Orchard, going
j to Bomerset. Boyle.
' No sooner had the Danville Operator receipted
j for this than the Operate* at Lebanon suggested
the following :
“To Lebanon Junction Would it not be well
I for Danville and offices below here to put on
their ground wires when they send or* receive
imporiaot messages, as Geo. Ellsworth, the
! rebe' Operator, may be <>n the line between here
j and Cumberland Gap ? Lrbanon.”
! The Operator at the Junction agreed with him,
! and said Jt would be a good idea, but it was
Dot earned into effect,
i We arrived at SomerH-t that evening. 1 took
churge of the office I j renamed from citizens
that ii bad closed Itv three weeks, up to the
very hour ibat our advance guard arrived m
town. It was just opt*bed by the operator from
Loudon, who came io irk the lastrmnents for
the purpose of ascisiio; to catch Morgan; but
' unfortunately for Uncle Bi.w. the operator and
all concerned, he had i time to either send or
rece ve a message; but f had it in fine working
conditi >n for me- I bad been in the office for
some time, when d called Somerset aud
SA'jd;. “I tuive iu*r rep,! jVJ from Crab Orchard ,
where! have bettD lo tix >bc tine, ibe rebels
tort- it down. 1 lefi there at 8 o’clock. The Pth
Pennsylvania Cavalry had not thtn arrived.
What tim.-did you get in from Loudon?
Stanford,”
To Stanford. Just arrived and got my office
working finely. Homkhret.
To Somerset. Any signs of Morgan yei? He
left Crab Orchard at J1 80 to day. Stanford.
To Stanford. No signs of him as yet?
Somerset.
To Somerset. For fear they may take you by
surprise, I would targes! we bave a private sig
nal. What say you? Stanford.
To Stanford- Good. Before signing, we will
make the figure 7 Somerset.
This was mutually agreed upon.
I asked when Wool ford would be at Somerset.
He paid Wooiford bad telegraphed Boyle that
his force was green and insufficient to att&ck
Morgan. *■,
SeeiDg there was no use of my losing a night’s
re«t, I told Stanford I would retire; that I had
made arrangements with the pickets to wake me
up in case Morgan came in. Toe operator at
Lebanon Junction urged me to sit up, but 1 de«
ciined on tbe ground of being unwell. This did
not satisfy him. but after arguing with him for
seme time. I re ired.
July 22 —Opened the office at 7 o’clock, a. m. ;
informed the Stanford operator that Morgan had
cot yet arrived ; made inquiries about different
things; and a*ier everything in town belonging
to tbe United S«a»es was destroyed, the General
gove me a few mes*-ag*Rto seud—one to Prentice,
one to GeD. Boyle, and one to Dunlap. They are
hereto annexed.
I then telegraphed home, informing my rela
tives of my whereabouts, what I was doing, Ac.
I then transmitted th« General’s dispatches a9
follows:
Somerset, July 22.
George D. Prentice, Isrinville:
Good morning, Get'ge D lam quietly
watching the complete ies'ruciion of ail of Uucle
Sam’s property ih this little bu£g. I regret ex*<
j ceedi ugly ibat 'his is Ibe last tfiat comes under
rr.y supervision on thisroufe. lexpect in a short
rune to pay you a visit, and wish tj know if you
will be at home.
All well in Dine. John H. Morgan,
I Commanding Brigade.
General J. T Boy!*. :
j Good morning, J-r*y. This telegraph is a
| great insti'ntion. Yoqshou .d destroy iv. as it
i kepps you to<* well posted. My friend, Ellsworth,
‘ has all your dlspatchessince the 10th of July on
fie. Do you wish cop us ?
John H. Morgan,
|C'*mmandin\? Brigade.
Eon. Geo. )V. D'lnlcp . Washington. City:
Jusi completed my tlur through Ken'ucky—.
captured seven ee» c tie, destroyed millions of
dollars worth of U. S. property—passed through
y«»ur county, but regre t not seeiDg vou. We pa*
roled fifteen hundred Federal priaoqers.
Your oid friend, John H. s Morgan,
C< mmaudip'g Brigade.
[The foregoing dtsoa'ahe* w t re well calculated
to dumfonnd these Yaotee dignitaries—who n>>
d<-übt were half rnclio d !•* pronounce them sem
ap iriJual-.Teak—but for concentrated audacity,the
following is unequalled.—Eds. Cox fed. j
Hjcadq’rs Telegrapk Department or Kr., )
OoNFBUER\TS OF A M ERICA, >
Georgetown, Ky., July 16, 1862 )
General Oitder No. 1.
When an operator is positively informed that
tbe enemy ib marching on his statioq, he will
immediately proceed destroy the telegraph
instruments and alt material in his charge. Such
instances of carelesßnew'as Were exhibited on
the part of the operato-s at Lebanon, Midway,
and Georgetown, Will be severely dealt witfl.
By order of G. a Ellsworth.
Gen. Mil. Sup'tC. 8. Telegraph Dep’t.
The Rev. Messrs. Ford, Baldwin, and Elliott, of i
Nashville, were sent to the Indiana penitentiary j
or the 2Stb. *
A man, for “advocafirg Jeff. Davis and cbival
ry,” was ducked'in a poad on Boston Commons
l«Rt week.
There are said to be about two regiments of
Federal deserters struggling about the State of
Wisconsin.
IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE THE QUESTION
OF MEDIATION -DEBATEIN PARLIAMENT
ON MR LINDSAY S MOTION - IMPORTANT
SPEECH OF LORD PALMERSTON-THE
MOTION WITHDRAWN, ETC-
In ihe British House of Commons, on Friday
evening, July 18th, the order of the day for going
into Committee of supply having been read,
MR. LINDSAY’S SPEECH.
Mr. Lindsay rose pursuant to notice, and said
jbe wished to call the attention of the House to a
j matter of great importance—the unhappy war
j which now raged in tbe United States. In doing
‘so be felt assured that an expression of opinion,
on the part of the House, on the subject, would
i have an effect contrary tn f that which some of his
( honorable friends near him seemed to apprehend,
jHe might add that, in tbe course of ihe observan
uons which he was about to make, he would uot
say oue word with reference to the sinking of the
stone fleet at Charleston, or the proclama
tions which had been recently issued by
the Federal Generals, but would, on the con"
tiary, confine himself as strictly as possible to
the terms of tbe motion which he had placed on
the paper He begged leave to move
‘ That iu the opinion of this House, the
States which heve seceded from the Union of the
republic of the United Sta'es have ao long main*
tamed themselves under a seperafe and estab
lished government, and have given such proof oi
their determination and abiliry to support their
independence, that the propriety of offering
mediation with the view of termina'iug bos'iu*
flies between the contending parties, is worthy
of tbe serious and immediate attention of her
Majesty’s government.” He meant to leave out
the latter partol the resolution of which he had
given notice; but he trusted the other portion
of it would receive the sanction of the House.
He thought tbe Confederate States had shown
their determination and ability to support their
independence. There could be no difference of
opinion on that point; but there might be a
difference of opinion ay to the propriety of our
mediation. He would first address himself to
the origin of toe tearful war udw raging on the
other side of the Atlantic: he would then touch
on the causes of that war ; he would then refer
to its effects; next be would show that, as he
conceived, the end of thatwarmust be separation;
and, lastly, he would endeavor to show bow hu
manity and our own interests demanded that a
stop should be put to that w£r. The borfoiable
gentleman then alluded to the compact formed
between tbe diff rent independent States of the
Union for their mutual convenience, the area
covered by their territory, and ihe aggregate
population. Tbe trade of the country in 186*)
amounted to $850,000,000. Many people wore
under tue impression that disunion was tbe im*
pulse of the moment. It was n< t so. It had
bteu working for more than a quarter of a cen
lurv Tbe Southern States were dissatisfied with
tbe Union, and had been protesting ugainst the
oppressive taxation of tbe North.
[Mr. L. then proceeded to recite some histori
cal facts, with passing comments, viz: the seces*
sion of South Carolina, the sending of pence
commissioners to Washington; the orgtn zttior.
of a provisional government at Montgomery; the
duplicity of the Federal Government and viola
' •*;•>* nr ■
era; the consequent attack upon K»* vtStSinter; the
proclamation ol Lincoln for 75 000 roops to sub
due the South; the secession of ihe border
States. He argued that “as to ihe causes of ih«*
civil war, slavery had very little to d » with it,”
and referred to the ratio of popn’ation upon
which representation in Congress is based to
show that the Sunthern States had beep alowD
losing their influence in that assembly, and that
“ibe people of tbe South thus felt ibat they were
Saddled with taxation, in the levying ol wh.cb,
practically, they had no voice.”]
The interests of the North and of the South
were diametrically opposite. Tbe South was
purely an agricultural country, and its interest
was perfect free trade. The supposed interests
of the North were in the direction cf protection.
As the popula-ion of the North increased, those
Slates began to.obtain an ascendancy in Congress,
and then, for the first time, in 1824, a protective
tariff' was introduced. Iu 1828 that tariff was
rendered more sinngent. As far back as 18S3
South Carolina protested against the tariff, aud
gave nonce of hericteutiou to withdraw from the
Union. She was induced to remao upon « prom
ise that the tariff'should be relaxed; but that
promise was not kept, and n 1546 it was made
still heavier. In addition to that ihe Morrill tar ff
had siDCe increased the duties upon imports to
an enormous extent. The exports from the
United States in 186'i amounted to $350,000.000,
of which no less than $250,000,000 represented the
produce of the Sooth. i» it were true that ex*
ports must be paid for by imports the South must
either directly or indirectly be bearing an undue
proportion of the taxation levied by the Fede
ral government. Bu.t the people cf the South
also complained that the increasing taxation was
not levied for the purposes laid dowu m th**
constitution, but for the purpose of encouraging
the iron masters of Pennsylvania aud the manu
facturers of New England. Theevi* consequence
ol that taxation was felt by them in two ways,
because, while th»-y were called upon to bear uu ;
undue proportion of taxation, tnev were ai.-o
obliged to pay ao Increased price for articles
which they required from the North, and which
they could ootatn cheaper aod belter from
Europe. The real causes of tbe present disrup
tion were taxation without reprt sentation, and
tHxation levied, not for the purposes of all the
Slates, but for the bt-nefii of particular Suit s. A
very large proportion of the cotton grown in the
Southern States found its way to this country,
and tbe stoppage of the supply had created in
tente suffering here. By the last accounts it
appear* that the poor rate at Preston whs
e*ghteen shillings in the pound At Blackbto d, ,
ihtre were about 15,00*> persons receiving relief,
at Preston closo upon 12,000, aod vbou» 17.0ot)
claimants upon the relief fund. The Eog'i.*h
people were patient, and bore their trial*
quietly; hut their patience and endurance must
uot be tried too far. (Hear, bear.) He believed
ibat the distress was greater than appeared ffoir
the accounts in the newspapers; but the peop e
know what was tbe cau«e cf their sufferings
they oeH-ve that the fighting in America could
only fv suit in tbe permanent sepa ration of tbe
North und South, and they looked to that house
to express an opinion and to trv whether bv me
diation or some representation »o tbe
powers they might not be induced to reflect, it *
if Dot upon tbe injury they were dftiog to them*
selves, at least upon the serious n.jory they were
inflicting upon this country. What was to be the ’
end of tbe war? Node could seriou.- lj believe i
that toe South would ever be brought back into i
the Union. In March last the Confederate C »n- i
gress solemnly declared the unalterable deter* :
mmation of the people of the Confederate States <
to suffer all the calamities of a protracted war, <
but under no circumstances would they again en*< i
ter into union with those who had invaded tbetr i
soil and butchered ibeir people. Even if tb** t
North could overcome the armies or the '’onto
there would be an amount of 'passive res»*‘ance, i
such sh was tbe case of New Orleans, which it .
woii’d be fill possible to overcome. (
Such Waa the unanimous feehog throughout the i
Couiederate States. It was said at oue time. :
“only let the Un on fl gbe hoisted to nor p»n ol ,
tbe south and \ ou will step the peeple raliv around
it.” But tbe Union flag bad bean hoinifdatNew
Orleans and at Beaufort, where an attempt wah
made to open up a trade, and tbe people would
VOL. 14.—N0 33
have nothing to do with it. (He«r, hear.) Re*
* anion was hopeless, and it we had arrived at the
■ conclusion, 'hen it behooved England in concert,
he hoped with the gieat Powers of Europe, to offer
1 mediation. Ue held but one opiLiou as to ihia
war Horn the beginning, in proof of which he
would read a letter which he wrote when the war
broke oa', and which had been extensively cucu*
Jated in the Northern S ates. The honorable gen*
tleman then read the letter, and pru;eed*»d thus :
Independent of his wish to see an <ffid put to the
war and the distres in this coutry brought to a
close.he desired to see the South separated from the
North in theinterest of tins country. They all knew
ibattheSeuth would enter into free trade relae
J Hods with us, and politically, we had been put to
j constant trouble and subjected to constant threats
1 ' lrv,m the United Stales. (Hear.) Wast it rcailv
* the case that the offer of mediation would be
scouted by the North? Men of position, prop-'
1 erty and intelligence, dared not expreas un optn
-1 ion there, because mob law reigued supreme. Id
! proof of how earnestly the mediation ol Eng>
Sand was desired by the better class of American
citizens, he would read part of a letter which
he bad received tri m New York only to-day,
» and which was dated July 4th. The writer said :
1 Will England hesitate auy .onger lo iff-rme*
! diation? Why, if she had in the brat rn utli of
the w’ar forcibly interfered, no gita'er l i feeling
could have been shown t«>v»aid*» Lei it. an has
' been shown under her uj.gmiti.u.ous to four*
ancft. Nor need a war be Itaiea n you lecogn ze
ihe South. * * * * Gold is at tec
per cent, premium, silver disappearing, • shin
plasters” or tradesmen's deot tickets becoming a
currency, millions of itiedetmaole paper con*
stantly isauiog by government, ana millions more
to come if the war continues. * * * What
is all this against the stupendous power of Eng
laud f ito, indeed, there cau be no war short of
Engiaud declaring it. * * * Is she afraid
for her Northern supplies of breadatuffa ? Let
her consider that her demand for them da the
life blood of our agricultural States. They must
sell to her. The probable loss of her custom
alone would secure her from any danger on our
part. We await her action in sad dismay. (H?ar,
hear.)
Such were the sentiments of the people, and he
believed the government of W ashington, seeing
the hopeless fix they have got ihto, would be glad
to have some excuse for discontinuing the war.
He had received another letter from Brunswick,
in the State of Maine, dated also tbe 4th of this
month, m which the writer, a man of strong
Union feelii g. said ht saw now the war was
hopeless and he trus'ed the Powers of Europe
would i Her mediation. (Hear, hear.) That gen*
tleman wrote to him not knowing that he had any
intention of bringing the subset befoie the House.
Wou'd foreign Powers go with us in this
mattei ? He thought there could be do doubt of it.
Tut Emperor of bhe French, who*** people were
suffering from thp stoppage of their cotton sup
plies, was known to be lavorable All that he
aSKechwas that the government, in conceit with
foreign Powers, should offer mediation. Tbe
south, he believed, would be willing to accept it
—«of course, on o' the basis of separation; and
eveu the North, he thought, would uot b uowiK
ling. S uing how our own people were suffering
trout this Uttiric oa! war, he trusted that her
Majesty’s govoi cbient. eiiher alone or m concert
wu\other g/eat j owers, would use their best
the tumble *«njggio
IHR wad now raging in A *.enca. i 11,.,
hear.) U appeared strange and una.
that her Majesty’s government bad Uo H< pg
in that direction. It was citfaf that tbe N*utb
ct»uid not be conquered, u was still more
clear it could never be brought back again into
tbe Ud*od. He therefore sut mitved thai ihe urn*’
bad arnved when tbe Southern States ought u
be received isto the tamiiy of nations, and he
begged to move,
That in tbe opinion of this House, t’ie States
which have seceded from tbe Union of the repub
lie of the United States have so mug mainiau-ed
ihemseives under a separate and establish*d gov
ernment, and have given such proof of their de
termination ard pbfjify id support lDde '*
gesdehCe, that tliepropneiy ofodeting uiedi.^ 1
with tbe vitw of terminating hostilities bttwee'**
tie contending parties, is worthy of the Serious
and immediui aitenuon of government. (Hear,
bear.)
Capturic by a Blockad«k —Saturday night last
the steamer Lodona, Captain Luckie, from Nas
sau, ?lst ult, attempted to enter Tybee, and
succeeded id passing the MarieJio Tower a'ter
being fired into. JSbe came within a shot t dis*
Fort Pulaski, but the Captain, having
lost confidence in bis ability to pass ihe fori, and
contrary to the advice of Mr. Geo. Marshall and
i Wo pi lot 8 who were passengers ou boaid, turned
I about, and on passing ihe Tower a secoud time,
some fifteen or twenty thofs were fired at her,
one of which struck the bulkhead and passed
| through her cabin, doing considerable damage,
j Without'further injury she succeeded in get-
I nog-m to Ossa haw about 9 o’clock Monday morn
ing When abreast of Hellgate a blockading
steamer was discovered iD Hear river making for
her. The Captain was again urged to continue
bis course, and if necessary, to run down ihe
enemy, but bis heart failed him again, and turn
mg b>B vessel, she grounded in eleven and a half
feet water. She then fell an easy prey to the
enemy. Mr. Marshall anti two pilots took to the
-mall boat and succeeded id reaching Beu ab,
where they were detained as prisoners by our
forces in that neighborhood until released by
order of Gen. Mercer.
The Lodona is about 1,000 tons tu« then, and
bas a very valuable assorted cargo, c. nsis'ing
principally of medicines, clenncab,
arms, sud other articles of value to the Con fed
eracy.
fcWif* was taken in charge bv the blockading
steamer and Monday night towed to sea in the
direction o Port Royal.
We learn from the pa®*tngars that the greatest
excitement prevailed at No-sm in consequence of
ihe large number of Federal v»s«elsof *nr lyug
off tbm port in ercep'ing its commerce, among
which we»e the Hun't-v ile, Adircudack Quaker
C'tv, and St. Jtgo de Cuba.
The s honner Agnes was taken on the 16th ult.,
2% miftn off Abaco light, and carried to Key
W, «t. We learn that her ow ner has gone to K* y
West to claim her. and that there is a [MobnOi riy
of her bring, recovered, as she \ai a British
wrecke' .—Sov. Hep. August 6.
Proclamation op Gov. Magoffin, or Ken
tucky.—Gov. Magoffin has issued a proclaiuatioQ
calling the Kentucky Legislature to meet ou the
I4tb of August. It concludes as follow ; ;
A civil coi ft ct is impending over us. lam
without a soldier or a dollar to protect the lives,
property and liberties ot the people, or to en’orce
the laws lAiiiy appeals are being made to me,
as the Governor ot tbe State, to protect our citi
zens from marauding bands and id tbe peaceful
enjoyment of their properly and rights tuner the
constitution. lam left without toe power and
means to afford relief, and I am consequently left
no alternative but to appeal to you, their repre
sentatives, in the hope ihat it will not be in yam.
Any atteu.pl on my part to oigan z-a force for
that purpose will certainly but preci itate the
-vil, and I there'ore n*>t unwittingly convene the
General A>b* mbiv. 'hat they may determine
thefn>elves the extent of tbe authority to be
granted by them and, looking to the policy
adopted in th *S' at-, and to the late action of
Congress nod the President touching slavery,
and to provide for the safety of our institutions
ar>d the peace and tranquility of the Common':
wealth