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dl)c Ulcchln Constitutionalist. BY JAMES GARDNER. Fr+m the Atlanta (tfa.) Southern Confederacy, August THE MOST EXTRAORDINARY CHAPTER IN THE HISTORY OF THE WAR Knoxville, July 80, 1862. (Japt. R. A . AUton, A A. G. , Oo me loin Juiy, Gen. Morgan, with myself and a bodv guard ot fifteen men, arrived at a potnt one-baif a mile below Horse Cave, on ifce Lou sville A NistjViJle Railrobd, where 1 toon down the telegraph wire ana connected my pocket instrument lor the purpose of taking off all the despatches as they passed through— Owing to a heavy storm prevailing South the at* mospneric electricity prevened me from com* muutcatiug wnh How‘mg Green or Nashville. The first 1 heard was Louisville calling Howling Green, i immediately put on my ground wire Southward, Loiicing i articulariy ai the same time Wbai Chauges it would make iu the circuit, li did make it stronger; but the storm mentioned afl ctmg gion* or less, Louisville did no; .-uspictoi) any thing wi ong, and I answered lor Bowuug Greeu, wbto I received the follow ing UiUfeajge; Louisville, T‘ S. D Brown* Bowling Grttn : You auii Col. tlmuhtou move together I tear the orcr of Col. H is too small to ven ture to Gtaagow. The whole force should move together, as he enemy are mounted. We ca . Dot isioiurt t • leave the Road 100 lar, as they may pass i oo no and ruin it. J. T. Both*. Brigadier General Commanding. 1 returned itie usual signal, “O K. ” aiier reectv tog (be me^ouge. iiooisviiie immediately called Nashville ; and i answered for Nashville, receiving business tor two hours I bis business was mostly ot * private Daiuie. and 1 took no copies. It couid brp am'\ perceived from the tenor of the tj>ts»ag ihai Morgan wuS in the country, and all • •iclera to senu money a4id valuables by r .tlroad, w ie counter luandcd-as they supposed. Little out th- <p erator at Louisville it-iuk ail his work Vwu d have to be lepealed the nei« day. Lo is/ihe uLo sent the n- ws ol the day, and thus we were furnished with New Yoik and Washington dales of that da*. During the whole-of ibis time it was rain* log heavily, uod my situation was anvthing but an agreeable one—Sitting in the mod with my feet in the watt rupto my knees. At eleven o'clock, P, M•. the Geuerai, being sail.*tied that we bail drained Louisville ot news, concluded lo cloms for ibe night, »ud gave me the tollowiog mi-SMige to send, Gating and signing as below : Nashvillk July 10. T> H*»ry Ihnt, P rawest Jfa>»hui t LwsmLU : Deueiai Forrest, cuumTiLdibg a brigade, at tacked Mar<reesboio. routing our loices, and »> Dow moving on Nashville. Morgan reported lo be between ikons vibe and Gailavo, and will act to concert vritii Foirest, it is believed, interm <he G moral* couuuaEdiog. Stanley Mathkws, a Frovoai M.imual. 1 am not aware t 1 at General Moreau claims to be a propber, or the son of a prophet ; bui Forrest did attack Xurtieeaboto’, and tout the «ecem\ .* On arriving a Lebanon, July 12'h, 1 accompan ied the advance gturd into town, and took pos .sessioo oMhe telegraph < (five imm diate y '! his., yon know, *,.* ,»i 8 80 A. M. 1 a<juMed the lufttrameui aua examined lie cite it. No o*her aniswiur nw •» J, *-» «i oeured to b on baud ib*s ea.iy. i-i-hww -.aamkotrc ah i>wi wraps ‘Amts to tor day previous. Among <h« 10 I found «he follow* »“*5 i Lies a non, July 11, 1862 General J T. B yU* Luu*»vilu, Ky : 1 have pos' ive 1 uurm*. ton tiiut there are 4**o frtarauoeia 10 2o miles of tins piace, 00 tire tile L* x\g on road, approaching Lebanon. .Send re future'merits mum uiHirfy A. Y Johnson, Lie Hi.. Col C •imnaoding. - At 78b >n peraior 1*140104 Z” commenced Calling “ii.” whn;h 1 had asci rlained by the books iu Ibe office, w t* the s gcul for the L-Hua o •. flee. I auswered thecail. when the‘following conversation Oeiween *\Z ’ and myself eosu-d ; To Lebaifou- V\ hat new ; any more skn oii*h‘ iog a"er y« or la>t n.ertagi? 2 To Z No. We drove what little Cavalry there was away. “ K To B. Has the tram arrived yet? Z To Z. No. About how many troops on ir in? H To B. s’JU— 6oth Indiana, commanded by O »i. O w c ns. jr. Mv cum*..tv being excited as to wbat stat on Z a as. aod 1 « ascertain without creating auy hu-. piciO". 1 »<i .pied the followiog plan: To % A gvntl*man here in the office, bets me the c gars, yt 11 caonol spell Ibe name 01 you? Btattou cor >ec> ly. )* To B Take 'he bet. L e-b-a- n-n-n J u-n-c t i-o-n. 1s his not rigbi? H*.w did he rh»» h I wotod -pen f»? - Z. • To Z He giri-s ir «p. He thought you won d put two B's »»• Lhuvun. B. To B HIB* I He is a green one.' Z. T»» Z Y**>; t-.at's so. B To Z Wha time old the train with soUlier.* pass, Z? H. *lo« 830 Its* mgbt. Z. To Z. Very e>ngu i*r where the is ! B ToB. Yes, itis; let me know when it arrives Z At 820 Le .an* n Junction called o-e up ano cam: • To B Ti;e train baß reiurned They had a Rglir »rb the ebeie ai New Hope. 'lbe com- Dian'i ng r t?i* er . warts orders for *. Z. I«>Z. Give u me parncuiars of the fight. Col. Johnson lb aniH-i s to knew all aboui it B. To B. Here is Moore's message tnGru. Bov ie. LtBAM*3I Ju.'ClloN. J uiy 12. Tyj Gtn J T D yi» : At 11 o'clock 1 .-ft! iiigbt, a: New JH(-pe bt/11l in. par 1 01 my ecu ui,t» lec a n rceot r- b-1 ■cavalry j oßttU or: the cool ly r.'aid one Lail Dio. *■* B.e 1 ailrobd. Auer a busk tire 4.f rnus- Aeuy <»r iw,-j» > uiiuu.es, the enemy w«.* r u eri ami fle - Sk.raii ners were oui in different direct ions, bui were uoab.e to find ihe t-Ltuiv Ai three thin morning, apprehending ha? ao v f<»r» might be ii flOc 14. cts'in) ilt briCktt, il on fear, we u.oved Ci »\r ti, New Haven hno pt nn ue«J on *l a ter d ivi* gi;. w;ien it»e ti am <4 eu bac-U to tin .oroe 1.1 ii« KkirmieU. A Mr. n.«D, '.1.0*111 cm.m>, W 1.6 ii.m d. u oitiilh r.„!i'' de ‘ 1 ’ rep.w th >r . c ' " u “‘ ntl t.jit. Jack AlliD ,ua .n.i ' - '*'l ta le., bld retard. Ureellßtim e t'L. T‘r: k '•• d * ud lh,E '»•<•«' Tile bi'i'ki. <oond ID Ihe held Hud ut> yum hi Uidtieut olareß, >boW li g ibai th*- -»»- wi 'iso. awaiting orners F. Mu .il, ComruaD oug.” L.beTH,o June.,,, w , he , „. Ilon *r Ie him id* !orWu ,' d , d ih ; A B Mw JUS ' ' U “ , ‘ 7t> Col. Juk**,!,, ZeM«Dh ; I '^‘ ST ' LLI ' , Jul - T 18 * u ‘ rd »“ d j“" <;«lm.el O-ens. J ursueibe sties.y and dr<ve mm oul Cull ticuß and vigcrv.uK Make no deny. J r. h« tlr. u Br.g Ges. Cow n»*% dmg isy tnfe loihiwing it will appear that u., ooei must have en rone f.r Lehanoo ; n , , _ L*.U,SVIUat, Ju Vl2 Ooion.l (h» r ,, t Lboron t You will move uitcT the ?nemv and pu sn* hifri. J 1 . B TLH r >gadier C ’o»rn u*d»pg. liH; iSuj _ FB- cesrvj. J Up to the time of our leaving Lebanon, which was about noon, Col. Owens bad not arrived. General Morgan told me I could close my ofiice; und to allay tor that evening all suppiciiin at Le banon Junction, at not being able to communis cate with Lebanon, 1 dispatched the operator as fdlows . To Z. Have been up all night and am very steopy. It you have no objections, I will take a uap until 2 or 8 o’clock. B. To B. All right—don’t oversleep yourself. Z. Wonder if I did ! We arrived at Mid way, between Frankfort and Lexmgion, on the Louisville A Lexington RaiU road, about 10A. M. next day. At ibis place 1 surprised the operator, who was quietly silting on tbe platform of the depot, enjoying bimsetl hugely Little did he suspicion that the much drt-udtd Morgan was in his vicinity. I demanded of him to call Lexington and inquire tbe t me •t day, which he did. This I did tor tbe purpose of getting his stvle of handling lhe *K»j”in opting dispatches My brst imprefcSioua of bis style, from noticing ibe paper in the instrument, were conHrm .d. He was, to use a telegraphic term, a “Plug” operator. 1 adopted his sty ie ot writing, and commenced operations. In this office I found a sogDttl book, which proved to be very useful. Ii contained tbe calls lor ail ibe offices. Dispatch kfter dispatch was going lo and from Lexington, Georgetown, Tails and Fiankfort, all containing bomeihtng in reference to Morgan. Uq commencing operations ai this place, I dis covered that there were two wires on the line along this railroad. One was what we term a through wire,” running direct fiom Lexirgion lo Frakfort, and not entering any ol tbe way offices, j found that ail military business was ent over that wire. As it did not enter Midway office, I ordered it cut, thus forcing Lexington on 10 the w.re that did run through the office. 1 tested the line and found that by applying my ground with, it made no difference with the cucuit; and as Lexiugton Was headquarters, I cut Frankfort off. Midway was called. I an* swered and received the following: Lixin 3to*, July 15. 7b *7. W. *Woolvms . Oyer at- *r Midway: Will there be any danger tu coming to Mid way? Is everything right ? Taylor, Conductor. I inquired of my prisoner (the operator.) if h; knew a man by tbe name of Taylor. He said Taylor was conductor. I immediately gave Taylor tbe following reply : Midway, July 15. 7b Tay ] oj, t L-xingto t : All right—come on—no signs of any rebels WoOLtfMS. The operator in Cincinnati then called Fianb* tort. I anew, red aod received about a dozen un important d»paicbes. H«- bad no sooner finished, when Lexir gioo called Fiankfort. Again I au« swertd aod received tbe following message : Lkxington, July 15. 71* Gen. FinneU , Freer. Lfurt : I wish you to move tne forces at Frankfort on the line of the Lexington Railroad mmediately, and have the cars toll' w and lake them up as so n as possible. Further orders will uwwii •hem at Midway.! wi‘l, in three or four hours, n*ov* forward on the Georgetown Pike; will ive most of my men mounted. Morgan left V’eisftllltd his nutfiiina *»' a «wia»ein>*»» men, on tbe Midway road, movinic in the direc* non oi Georgetown. Brigadier General Ward. This being our position and intention exactly, it was thought proper lo throw Gen. Warden s« me othei trhCK. Ho in the course of half an hour, 1 manufactured and sent 'ht ioMowng dispatch, which was approved by God. Mo gun: Midway, July 16, '62. T> Brig. Qtn. Ward. hxn,gt>n\ Morgen, with upwards ol one thousand men, r* me within a mile of here, and took the old Pranfort road, bound, as we suppose for Frank l * fort. This is reliaole. “Woollm*, Operator.” In about ten minutes again called Frankfort, when i received «he following: Lexington, Ju y 15. To Gen. FinnsU. Jfrankfort: “Morgan, w*th more than one thousand men, came withis a mile of here and took the old Frankfort road.” This dispatch received from Midway, ana is rea liaole. The regiment from Frankiort bad betier oe recalled. General Ward. 1 receipted for this message and again man utactur* d a message to confiim the information (*en. Ward had rtceiv.d ‘rum Midwav, and not Koowtog the land fiom Frankiort to Lexing ton. 1 conTd Dot send a formal message ; so ap pear ng gr-Rtly agitated, I waited un»tl the circuit wHSuccupi d, and broke in, telling 'hem to wait a tmnule, nod comm- Deed calling L x nglon. He answered with as much gusto as 1 called him. I telegraphed as follows: Frankfort t«» Lexington : Tell Gen. War<} our pickets are just driven in-Great excitement— tickets say the force of the enemy must be two bonsaitd. Ofbratob. It wasnoA- 2 o'clock, P. M., and Gen. Morgan w:shgo to be I ff f'-r Georgetown. I run a secret wevna connexion and opened be circuit on »he L-x»ngtoD end. This war to leave the impres* *i«>n mat tbe Frakfort operator whs skedaddling, •r 'f ai Morgan’s men had destroyed the graph. We arrived at Georgetown ab .til the setting ».l the sun. I went to ibe tetegiaph office, found i. locked, enquired lor the operator, who xv*s j oined out or me on the street. I bailed h iri uid ceamndeo admission into his ffice. He very courteously rbc wed wc in. DtacoVeriug that bis • usti nQ-fco ip bad be.D reamved, I a»keo where iht y wtie Ht- said h. had sent tfcerx to Lexmg L 1 okk ed bill, w La. ioie he had Lexiugiob lust. He Kiu<i nine o’cl» ck. and since tuai time tbe line • id hefij do vn. 1 . remarked that it must be an • x >.& i dinars' find o bt* m working condition • u wu.' down, a* 4 I heard him sending mes» s to L‘-x Dtr'ou w he c 1 wag hi Midway at one .’crook. This was a stunner; he had nothing to -ay. I Din ediaTeh tested ibe :ine by applying :.t e’ids '■! ' lie wires to my longue, ana found :e iiue ‘‘OK. I eaid uo/bi g'tobiui, but called or a inti d >f Lvw w.en To take care of Mr. Hmith unit 1g i read; to leave town I did not inters nip! ti e ijDes u 1 alter tea. when 1 put in my wn it.eif unit-nt xrd afier listroing an hour or iah a’ the *s i dKing, I open -d th j C4id* , v- r-Htiou a- foili vrs, signing myself ‘ Federal * lo LeX'Dgtoo: Keep mum; I am in tbe rffice r adir.g by the sound of my magnet in tbe dark. I crawled' in wh n no one saw me. Margan’s men are here, carnj.ed on Dr. GaDo’s place Georgetown. To GeiTgetowo ; K ep cool; don’t be discov ered. About how many rebels are there ? Lexington. To L°x’Dgtou : I don’t know ; ] did not b dice. As Morgan’s operator was asking me about my ■ LHirunrienta I told him laent.tbem to Lexmg-. on. He Baid d— n the ibe luck, and went oat. Georgetown. To Georgetown . Be on hand »od keep us posted Lexington. To Lexington • I will do so. Tell General Ward I’ll stay op all night if be wishes. Georgetown. T-> Georgetown ; Mr. Fulton wishes to know if the r. b-ls are there. Cincinnati. Tu Cincinnati: Yea, Morgan’s m-n are here. Georgetown T > Georgetown: Ho»v can you bo id tbe I office and not be arrested. Cincinnati AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING AUG 13, 1862. To Cincinnati* Oh, i .m in the dark, and ; am reading by sound t f .b* magnet. Giorgetown. This settled Cincincai Question after ques ! tion was asked me about the.rebels, and I an- I swered to suit myself. j. ! Things had been gmc;r on this way about two l : hours, when Lexingto* . iked me where my as Bistant was. 1 replied. llre’t know. Ue then j asked me. Have you see » bijfltt to-day ? I replied, No. This was the last t - 1 could do in Georgetown. j 1 then called on Mr jfcifeh, the operator, who wag under guard in my room, and informed him that 1 would furnish him with a*rmi!e in the mor* iog, and should be pleas*, d to have him accompany me to Dixie, as I nnderftiuoa be was in the employ of the U. 8. Government This was anything but agreeable to him. I thought I had struck the young man in the right jluce, and remarked that had h» not sent his in sir', meats to Lexiogton, 1 would have taken there ,r> preference to his per anQ. Hi* and an idea struck him verv forcibly, trnm he made a proposition —it was to furnish me ti fin strum* n ts if 1 would release him. This I agreed to, as ad to instruments are of much more value to th<TConfederacy than Yankee telegraphers. I accompanied him to the ser vant's roojp, and there, nader the bed, in a chest, we found the instruments. Mr. 8. having given me bis word on honor, Shat he would not leave town for the next twenty lour hours, be was set at liberty to visit his w>found the young Smiths. On arriving at Cynthia*)*, I found that the op- I era'or had skedaddled. 1 tested the wires and I found no fl-ud from either Covington or Lexing ton, nor were the wires in working order wheu 1 left the office the next day. At Par's the operator bid made a clean sweep. He left the night taking all his instru ments. At Crab Orcbaid then was no office, and I had to put in my pocket magnet, which I did at 11 A. M The first message 1 received was the fol lowing : • Louisville, July 21. To CoK Woil ford, L'anvtLl* : i Pursue Morgan. He if at Crab Orchard, going j to Bomerset. Boyle. ' No sooner had the Danville Operator receipted j for this than the Operate* at Lebanon suggested the following : “To Lebanon Junction Would it not be well I for Danville and offices below here to put on their ground wires when they send or* receive imporiaot messages, as Geo. Ellsworth, the ! rebe' Operator, may be <>n the line between here j and Cumberland Gap ? Lrbanon.” ! The Operator at the Junction agreed with him, ! and said Jt would be a good idea, but it was Dot earned into effect, i We arrived at SomerH-t that evening. 1 took churge of the office I j renamed from citizens that ii bad closed Itv three weeks, up to the very hour ibat our advance guard arrived m town. It was just opt*bed by the operator from Loudon, who came io irk the lastrmnents for the purpose of ascisiio; to catch Morgan; but ' unfortunately for Uncle Bi.w. the operator and all concerned, he had i time to either send or rece ve a message; but f had it in fine working conditi >n for me- I bad been in the office for some time, when d called Somerset aud SA'jd;. “I tuive iu*r rep,! jVJ from Crab Orchard , where! have bettD lo tix >bc tine, ibe rebels tort- it down. 1 lefi there at 8 o’clock. The Pth Pennsylvania Cavalry had not thtn arrived. What tim.-did you get in from Loudon? Stanford,” To Stanford. Just arrived and got my office working finely. Homkhret. To Somerset. Any signs of Morgan yei? He left Crab Orchard at J1 80 to day. Stanford. To Stanford. No signs of him as yet? Somerset. To Somerset. For fear they may take you by surprise, I would targes! we bave a private sig nal. What say you? Stanford. To Stanford- Good. Before signing, we will make the figure 7 Somerset. This was mutually agreed upon. I asked when Wool ford would be at Somerset. He paid Wooiford bad telegraphed Boyle that his force was green and insufficient to att&ck Morgan. *■, SeeiDg there was no use of my losing a night’s re«t, I told Stanford I would retire; that I had made arrangements with the pickets to wake me up in case Morgan came in. Toe operator at Lebanon Junction urged me to sit up, but 1 de« ciined on tbe ground of being unwell. This did not satisfy him. but after arguing with him for seme time. I re ired. July 22 —Opened the office at 7 o’clock, a. m. ; informed the Stanford operator that Morgan had cot yet arrived ; made inquiries about different things; and a*ier everything in town belonging to tbe United S«a»es was destroyed, the General gove me a few mes*-ag*Rto seud—one to Prentice, one to GeD. Boyle, and one to Dunlap. They are hereto annexed. I then telegraphed home, informing my rela tives of my whereabouts, what I was doing, Ac. I then transmitted th« General’s dispatches a9 follows: Somerset, July 22. George D. Prentice, Isrinville: Good morning, Get'ge D lam quietly watching the complete ies'ruciion of ail of Uucle Sam’s property ih this little bu£g. I regret ex*< j ceedi ugly ibat 'his is Ibe last tfiat comes under rr.y supervision on thisroufe. lexpect in a short rune to pay you a visit, and wish tj know if you will be at home. All well in Dine. John H. Morgan, I Commanding Brigade. General J. T Boy!*. : j Good morning, J-r*y. This telegraph is a | great insti'ntion. Yoqshou .d destroy iv. as it i kepps you to<* well posted. My friend, Ellsworth, ‘ has all your dlspatchessince the 10th of July on fie. Do you wish cop us ? John H. Morgan, |C'*mmandin\? Brigade. Eon. Geo. )V. D'lnlcp . Washington. City: Jusi completed my tlur through Ken'ucky—. captured seven ee» c tie, destroyed millions of dollars worth of U. S. property—passed through y«»ur county, but regre t not seeiDg vou. We pa* roled fifteen hundred Federal priaoqers. Your oid friend, John H. s Morgan, C< mmaudip'g Brigade. [The foregoing dtsoa'ahe* w t re well calculated to dumfonnd these Yaotee dignitaries—who n>> d<-übt were half rnclio d !•* pronounce them sem ap iriJual-.Teak—but for concentrated audacity,the following is unequalled.—Eds. Cox fed. j Hjcadq’rs Telegrapk Department or Kr., ) OoNFBUER\TS OF A M ERICA, > Georgetown, Ky., July 16, 1862 ) General Oitder No. 1. When an operator is positively informed that tbe enemy ib marching on his statioq, he will immediately proceed destroy the telegraph instruments and alt material in his charge. Such instances of carelesßnew'as Were exhibited on the part of the operato-s at Lebanon, Midway, and Georgetown, Will be severely dealt witfl. By order of G. a Ellsworth. Gen. Mil. Sup'tC. 8. Telegraph Dep’t. The Rev. Messrs. Ford, Baldwin, and Elliott, of i Nashville, were sent to the Indiana penitentiary j or the 2Stb. * A man, for “advocafirg Jeff. Davis and cbival ry,” was ducked'in a poad on Boston Commons l«Rt week. There are said to be about two regiments of Federal deserters struggling about the State of Wisconsin. IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE THE QUESTION OF MEDIATION -DEBATEIN PARLIAMENT ON MR LINDSAY S MOTION - IMPORTANT SPEECH OF LORD PALMERSTON-THE MOTION WITHDRAWN, ETC- In ihe British House of Commons, on Friday evening, July 18th, the order of the day for going into Committee of supply having been read, MR. LINDSAY’S SPEECH. Mr. Lindsay rose pursuant to notice, and said jbe wished to call the attention of the House to a j matter of great importance—the unhappy war j which now raged in tbe United States. In doing ‘so be felt assured that an expression of opinion, on the part of the House, on the subject, would i have an effect contrary tn f that which some of his ( honorable friends near him seemed to apprehend, jHe might add that, in tbe course of ihe observan uons which he was about to make, he would uot say oue word with reference to the sinking of the stone fleet at Charleston, or the proclama tions which had been recently issued by the Federal Generals, but would, on the con" tiary, confine himself as strictly as possible to the terms of tbe motion which he had placed on the paper He begged leave to move ‘ That iu the opinion of this House, the States which heve seceded from the Union of the republic of the United Sta'es have ao long main* tamed themselves under a seperafe and estab lished government, and have given such proof oi their determination and abiliry to support their independence, that the propriety of offering mediation with the view of termina'iug bos'iu* flies between the contending parties, is worthy of tbe serious and immediate attention of her Majesty’s government.” He meant to leave out the latter partol the resolution of which he had given notice; but he trusted the other portion of it would receive the sanction of the House. He thought tbe Confederate States had shown their determination and ability to support their independence. There could be no difference of opinion on that point; but there might be a difference of opinion ay to the propriety of our mediation. He would first address himself to the origin of toe tearful war udw raging on the other side of the Atlantic: he would then touch on the causes of that war ; he would then refer to its effects; next be would show that, as he conceived, the end of thatwarmust be separation; and, lastly, he would endeavor to show bow hu manity and our own interests demanded that a stop should be put to that w£r. The borfoiable gentleman then alluded to the compact formed between tbe diff rent independent States of the Union for their mutual convenience, the area covered by their territory, and ihe aggregate population. Tbe trade of the country in 186*) amounted to $850,000,000. Many people wore under tue impression that disunion was tbe im* pulse of the moment. It was n< t so. It had bteu working for more than a quarter of a cen lurv Tbe Southern States were dissatisfied with tbe Union, and had been protesting ugainst the oppressive taxation of tbe North. [Mr. L. then proceeded to recite some histori cal facts, with passing comments, viz: the seces* sion of South Carolina, the sending of pence commissioners to Washington; the orgtn zttior. of a provisional government at Montgomery; the duplicity of the Federal Government and viola ' •*;•>* nr ■ era; the consequent attack upon K»* vtStSinter; the proclamation ol Lincoln for 75 000 roops to sub due the South; the secession of ihe border States. He argued that “as to ihe causes of ih«* civil war, slavery had very little to d » with it,” and referred to the ratio of popn’ation upon which representation in Congress is based to show that the Sunthern States had beep alowD losing their influence in that assembly, and that “ibe people of tbe South thus felt ibat they were Saddled with taxation, in the levying ol wh.cb, practically, they had no voice.”] The interests of the North and of the South were diametrically opposite. Tbe South was purely an agricultural country, and its interest was perfect free trade. The supposed interests of the North were in the direction cf protection. As the popula-ion of the North increased, those Slates began to.obtain an ascendancy in Congress, and then, for the first time, in 1824, a protective tariff' was introduced. Iu 1828 that tariff was rendered more sinngent. As far back as 18S3 South Carolina protested against the tariff, aud gave nonce of hericteutiou to withdraw from the Union. She was induced to remao upon « prom ise that the tariff'should be relaxed; but that promise was not kept, and n 1546 it was made still heavier. In addition to that ihe Morrill tar ff had siDCe increased the duties upon imports to an enormous extent. The exports from the United States in 186'i amounted to $350,000.000, of which no less than $250,000,000 represented the produce of the Sooth. i» it were true that ex* ports must be paid for by imports the South must either directly or indirectly be bearing an undue proportion of the taxation levied by the Fede ral government. Bu.t the people cf the South also complained that the increasing taxation was not levied for the purposes laid dowu m th** constitution, but for the purpose of encouraging the iron masters of Pennsylvania aud the manu facturers of New England. Theevi* consequence ol that taxation was felt by them in two ways, because, while th»-y were called upon to bear uu ; undue proportion of taxation, tnev were ai.-o obliged to pay ao Increased price for articles which they required from the North, and which they could ootatn cheaper aod belter from Europe. The real causes of tbe present disrup tion were taxation without reprt sentation, and tHxation levied, not for the purposes of all the Slates, but for the bt-nefii of particular Suit s. A very large proportion of the cotton grown in the Southern States found its way to this country, and tbe stoppage of the supply had created in tente suffering here. By the last accounts it appear* that the poor rate at Preston whs e*ghteen shillings in the pound At Blackbto d, , ihtre were about 15,00*> persons receiving relief, at Preston closo upon 12,000, aod vbou» 17.0ot) claimants upon the relief fund. The Eog'i.*h people were patient, and bore their trial* quietly; hut their patience and endurance must uot be tried too far. (Hear, bear.) He believed ibat the distress was greater than appeared ffoir the accounts in the newspapers; but the peop e know what was tbe cau«e cf their sufferings they oeH-ve that the fighting in America could only fv suit in tbe permanent sepa ration of tbe North und South, and they looked to that house to express an opinion and to trv whether bv me diation or some representation »o tbe powers they might not be induced to reflect, it * if Dot upon tbe injury they were dftiog to them* selves, at least upon the serious n.jory they were inflicting upon this country. What was to be the ’ end of tbe war? Node could seriou.- lj believe i that toe South would ever be brought back into i the Union. In March last the Confederate C »n- i gress solemnly declared the unalterable deter* : mmation of the people of the Confederate States < to suffer all the calamities of a protracted war, < but under no circumstances would they again en*< i ter into union with those who had invaded tbetr i soil and butchered ibeir people. Even if tb** t North could overcome the armies or the '’onto there would be an amount of 'passive res»*‘ance, i such sh was tbe case of New Orleans, which it . woii’d be fill possible to overcome. ( Such Waa the unanimous feehog throughout the i Couiederate States. It was said at oue time. : “only let the Un on fl gbe hoisted to nor p»n ol , tbe south and \ ou will step the peeple raliv around it.” But tbe Union flag bad bean hoinifdatNew Orleans and at Beaufort, where an attempt wah made to open up a trade, and tbe people would VOL. 14.—N0 33 have nothing to do with it. (He«r, hear.) Re* * anion was hopeless, and it we had arrived at the ■ conclusion, 'hen it behooved England in concert, he hoped with the gieat Powers of Europe, to offer 1 mediation. Ue held but one opiLiou as to ihia war Horn the beginning, in proof of which he would read a letter which he wrote when the war broke oa', and which had been extensively cucu* Jated in the Northern S ates. The honorable gen* tleman then read the letter, and pru;eed*»d thus : Independent of his wish to see an <ffid put to the war and the distres in this coutry brought to a close.he desired to see the South separated from the North in theinterest of tins country. They all knew ibattheSeuth would enter into free trade relae J Hods with us, and politically, we had been put to j constant trouble and subjected to constant threats 1 ' lrv,m the United Stales. (Hear.) Wast it rcailv * the case that the offer of mediation would be scouted by the North? Men of position, prop-' 1 erty and intelligence, dared not expreas un optn -1 ion there, because mob law reigued supreme. Id ! proof of how earnestly the mediation ol Eng> Sand was desired by the better class of American citizens, he would read part of a letter which he bad received tri m New York only to-day, » and which was dated July 4th. The writer said : 1 Will England hesitate auy .onger lo iff-rme* ! diation? Why, if she had in the brat rn utli of the w’ar forcibly interfered, no gita'er l i feeling could have been shown t«>v»aid*» Lei it. an has ' been shown under her uj.gmiti.u.ous to four* ancft. Nor need a war be Itaiea n you lecogn ze ihe South. * * * * Gold is at tec per cent, premium, silver disappearing, • shin plasters” or tradesmen's deot tickets becoming a currency, millions of itiedetmaole paper con* stantly isauiog by government, ana millions more to come if the war continues. * * * What is all this against the stupendous power of Eng laud f ito, indeed, there cau be no war short of Engiaud declaring it. * * * Is she afraid for her Northern supplies of breadatuffa ? Let her consider that her demand for them da the life blood of our agricultural States. They must sell to her. The probable loss of her custom alone would secure her from any danger on our part. We await her action in sad dismay. (H?ar, hear.) Such were the sentiments of the people, and he believed the government of W ashington, seeing the hopeless fix they have got ihto, would be glad to have some excuse for discontinuing the war. He had received another letter from Brunswick, in the State of Maine, dated also tbe 4th of this month, m which the writer, a man of strong Union feelii g. said ht saw now the war was hopeless and he trus'ed the Powers of Europe would i Her mediation. (Hear, hear.) That gen* tleman wrote to him not knowing that he had any intention of bringing the subset befoie the House. Wou'd foreign Powers go with us in this mattei ? He thought there could be do doubt of it. Tut Emperor of bhe French, who*** people were suffering from thp stoppage of their cotton sup plies, was known to be lavorable All that he aSKechwas that the government, in conceit with foreign Powers, should offer mediation. Tbe south, he believed, would be willing to accept it —«of course, on o' the basis of separation; and eveu the North, he thought, would uot b uowiK ling. S uing how our own people were suffering trout this Uttiric oa! war, he trusted that her Majesty’s govoi cbient. eiiher alone or m concert wu\other g/eat j owers, would use their best the tumble *«njggio IHR wad now raging in A *.enca. i 11,., hear.) U appeared strange and una. that her Majesty’s government bad Uo H< pg in that direction. It was citfaf that tbe N*utb ct»uid not be conquered, u was still more clear it could never be brought back again into tbe Ud*od. He therefore sut mitved thai ihe urn*’ bad arnved when tbe Southern States ought u be received isto the tamiiy of nations, and he begged to move, That in tbe opinion of this House, t’ie States which have seceded from tbe Union of the repub lie of the United States have so mug mainiau-ed ihemseives under a separate and establish*d gov ernment, and have given such proof of their de termination ard pbfjify id support lDde '* gesdehCe, that tliepropneiy ofodeting uiedi.^ 1 with tbe vitw of terminating hostilities bttwee'** tie contending parties, is worthy of the Serious and immediui aitenuon of government. (Hear, bear.) Capturic by a Blockad«k —Saturday night last the steamer Lodona, Captain Luckie, from Nas sau, ?lst ult, attempted to enter Tybee, and succeeded id passing the MarieJio Tower a'ter being fired into. JSbe came within a shot t dis* Fort Pulaski, but the Captain, having lost confidence in bis ability to pass ihe fori, and contrary to the advice of Mr. Geo. Marshall and i Wo pi lot 8 who were passengers ou boaid, turned I about, and on passing ihe Tower a secoud time, some fifteen or twenty thofs were fired at her, one of which struck the bulkhead and passed | through her cabin, doing considerable damage, j Without'further injury she succeeded in get- I nog-m to Ossa haw about 9 o’clock Monday morn ing When abreast of Hellgate a blockading steamer was discovered iD Hear river making for her. The Captain was again urged to continue bis course, and if necessary, to run down ihe enemy, but bis heart failed him again, and turn mg b>B vessel, she grounded in eleven and a half feet water. She then fell an easy prey to the enemy. Mr. Marshall anti two pilots took to the -mall boat and succeeded id reaching Beu ab, where they were detained as prisoners by our forces in that neighborhood until released by order of Gen. Mercer. The Lodona is about 1,000 tons tu« then, and bas a very valuable assorted cargo, c. nsis'ing principally of medicines, clenncab, arms, sud other articles of value to the Con fed eracy. fcWif* was taken in charge bv the blockading steamer and Monday night towed to sea in the direction o Port Royal. We learn from the pa®*tngars that the greatest excitement prevailed at No-sm in consequence of ihe large number of Federal v»s«elsof *nr lyug off tbm port in ercep'ing its commerce, among which we»e the Hun't-v ile, Adircudack Quaker C'tv, and St. Jtgo de Cuba. The s honner Agnes was taken on the 16th ult., 2% miftn off Abaco light, and carried to Key W, «t. We learn that her ow ner has gone to K* y West to claim her. and that there is a [MobnOi riy of her bring, recovered, as she \ai a British wrecke' .—Sov. Hep. August 6. Proclamation op Gov. Magoffin, or Ken tucky.—Gov. Magoffin has issued a proclaiuatioQ calling the Kentucky Legislature to meet ou the I4tb of August. It concludes as follow ; ; A civil coi ft ct is impending over us. lam without a soldier or a dollar to protect the lives, property and liberties ot the people, or to en’orce the laws lAiiiy appeals are being made to me, as the Governor ot tbe State, to protect our citi zens from marauding bands and id tbe peaceful enjoyment of their properly and rights tuner the constitution. lam left without toe power and means to afford relief, and I am consequently left no alternative but to appeal to you, their repre sentatives, in the hope ihat it will not be in yam. Any atteu.pl on my part to oigan z-a force for that purpose will certainly but preci itate the -vil, and I there'ore n*>t unwittingly convene the General A>b* mbiv. 'hat they may determine thefn>elves the extent of tbe authority to be granted by them and, looking to the policy adopted in th *S' at-, and to the late action of Congress nod the President touching slavery, and to provide for the safety of our institutions ar>d the peace and tranquility of the Common': wealth