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2 with the ‘Memoiis of Colonel Bvrd, j of Westover,’ the founder, during George Il.’it reign, of Virginia's beau tiful capital at Richmond. The very bricks, paving-stones, and window frames, of W estover, Brandon or Strat ford, exhaled a:i atmosphere which was fragrant to hit) nostrils, and enabled him again to summon into fleshy ex istence those English worthies of whose literature he was so fond. There he loved to rehearse that Charles 11. wore a coronation robe of Virginia silk when reinstalled upon the throne of Great Britain; and that, in gratitude for her loyalty in the hour of his abasement, he permitted the proud old State to rank thenceforward in the British Empire with England, Scotland and Ireland, and to bear upon her shield the motto, En dal vlr'flihia, quartern. The early influences of the old grange at Stratford, in which he was born, had much to do with shaping the character of General Lee. “ Critics," says Mr. Cooke, “charged him with family pride. If he possess ed that virtue or failing, the fact was not strange. Stratford ojienod before his childish eyes a memorial of the old splendor of the Lees. He saw around him old portraits, old plate, and old fur niture. Old parchments contained his tories of the deeds of hiiyace ; old gen ealogical trees traced their life far back into the past; old servants grown grey in the house waited upon the child; and, in a corner of one of the great apartments, an old soldier, grey too, and shatered in health, once the friend of Washington and Greene, was wri ting the history of the battles in which he had drawn his sword for his native land.” [to be continued.] Agricultural. David Dickson's Mode of Cotton Plant ing, Lay off the rows four feet apart; ran the second furrow seven or eight inches deep; deposit the fertilizer in tended to be used either with the hand or fertilizer sower at the rate of 400 lbs. or upwards to the acre. With a long scooter plow run on each side of that furroikanacover it up. Bun tke same plow furrows time, or the Use a W^rae scooter furrows, "and scooter fin-rows in each of those turning furrows, or a subsoil. Split out the middles with a largo shovel as deep as the horse will pull it. That tinishes the bed. When ready to plant, open with a bull-tongue. Sow the seed with the hand or cotton seed Bower —the cotton seed sower preferable. If the cotton seed sower is used it tinishes tlie whole operation at once. The earlier cotton is planted the lighter it must be covered. Cotton may be planted from the first of April till the 15th of May. From the 10th to the 25th of April [ con sider the best time. You may plant with high manuring as late even as the Ist of June. By extending your planting over the longest periods you can raise the largest crops, the bulk being put in about the 15th to the 20th of April. Ifi the first working of the cotton, side with a 22 inch sweep, with the right wing tolerably flat, going veri close to the plant, not exceeding a half inch depth in the plowing. It may be hoed by scraping with a sharp No. 2 Soovill hoe any time after plowing. Leave two to three stalks in a hill, the width of the hoe being the space that the stalks should be apart. Some ad vantage is gained by keeping as near the middle as possible. You will be able to see what grass the plow left. The shaving of the grass with the hoe will act as a second working of the crop. It will always be safe if you can return to the cotton once in three weeks. Side shallow and close again the se cond time. Occasionally, to keep the surface very level, you may run the plow in the middle of the row. By leaving the proper periods between the plowing, you may carry the point about the Ist to the 10th of August, which is a very good time to cease BANNER OF THE SOUTH AND PLANTERS’ JOURNAL. Cotton may be made with two to j tlwee plowings. Four sidings and two I middle splittings are all that it ever j wants under the most unfavorable cir- ] cumstances. The greatest amount of j work the cotton requires is only ten j furrows to the row for all cultivation, j The whole flowing occupies one and a! fourth days work per acre, under! favorable circumstances; and it may be completed with three-fourths day s work per acre. It is essential that each of these plowings should be done very shallow and close, never stopping for dry- weather. If the ground stays wet you may stop a few hours and hoe. The hoeing and plowing during the cultivation of the crop closes up the land sufficiently to cause the fruit to set finely. At the beginning of the planting it was sufficiently porons for the roots to penetrate in every direc tion and to any desired depth. The cotton plant is like the cultivated plum or cherry, requiring the land to be pretty close around the roots to Set its trait well, and prevent its drowning in excessive rains. To cause early ma turity, the rows should be one way, four feet apart, and there should be from two to three stalks in a hill at the distance of every nine inches. When the cotton commences to bloom each stalk will bloom, and take on just as many bolls as if there were only three stalks to the yard. This system, stated above, will insure eight stalks to the yard, if hoed with care, which is 166 per cent, more stalks than if one stalk is left in every twelve inches. By placing the stalks thick in the drill and wide apart the laud is less shaded, and gets more light and sun. If you wish to shade with a given number of plants, the more equally the land is divided the more completely is it shaded. Prepared, manured find cultivated as directed, there never has been any reason, any year, to prevent making a good average crop —Bradical Fann ing, pp. 57-59. Corn—-Oats—-“Slip-Shod' Farming* <tc. Editors South mix Cultivator.— Last year I planted one acre of worn out red hill land that M ould not with ordinary preparation and cultivation— have made inflft-fjh.pi .three buts <-is of trfnW' land close JR - Tleep with turn plow; laid oft’ rows six feet apart with long straight shovel, running bevil pointed scooter in same furrow, and continued this process until all u-as bedded as for cot ton. When ready to plant 1 ran twice in water furrow with shovel, dropped corn (one grain to hill) three feet apart and covered lightly with a hoe; corn planted March 16th. As soon as the corn was well up ran with a long narrow plough close to the corn, break ing out thorohglily with shovel. Be fore second ploughing dropped on each side of the hill about double handfull of cotton seed that had been previously killed by heating, then ploughed out with sweep run shallow, followed by hoe covering what seed the plough failed to cover, and planting peas; in ten days ploughed again with sweep which completed the work. Yield 15 bushels of corn and a fair crop of pea vines, but few peas (which 1 turned under with oats.) Owing to excessive rains in early Summer, I do not think it. did so well as it it had been planted on a level, but when dry weather struck it afterwards, I could see the advantage of water-furrow planting. One year after another I take it to be the surest plan with up lands, as I have tried it several years both ways. I think I lost one-half the manurial value of my seed by killing them. If lands without soil will produce thus, why can we not on moderate uplands in this part of Georgia, make a plenty of good corn. Year before last I soiled oats in August, September, October; also following January, Feb ruary and March. The best oats I made clearest of rust and heaviest were those sown in January, ripening several days before the rest. All sown on stubble lands (except January soil ing) pre viously turned with one horse Bruily. Now why is this difference ? I have always been very successful with oats sown in January, until this year they ivere badly killed in the sprout. I used and had used on my lands last year one ton of guano. On close red land it, paid me nothing, on open gray lands it: paid very well. Ain I to infer from j this that it will pay on the one and not on the other, or shall I blame the sea-: son ? Fanners are generally behind with work, though pushing up rapidly and preparing to cotton it heavy. It is astonishing to see the amount of sup plies of all kinds, and guanoes, that are 1 being hauled from the Bail Roads into the country, to Vie paid for next fall. ; Will we not have hard times so long as this state of things exists and cotton j rale our destiny 1 I do not profess to be clear of sin, yet I must throw a few stones, if I do , break somebody's glass. Did vou ever | see a “slip-shod" farmer? I have; they are in this country, and I have seen them in places u-herc I have travelled. A fanner that does not clean ont his fence only once in four or five 1 years, and lets the birds keep pushing j him back until he cannot get his horse j nearer to the fence than one rod, is a | ‘fsllpfshodl’ The farmer that does c-lean out his fence on one side, and ' throws everything into the corners on the other, is a “slip-shod.” The farmer whose fence, by the rotting of a rail, or stock pushing oft’, or wind blowing i oft some gets a loiv place in it, and somebody's moles get into his rye or barley lots, is a little “slip shod"—a stitch in time saves nine." The farmer who throws, or suffers his hands to throw all the chunks, trash and logs near the fence into the corner, is “slip shod." The farmer Mho does not have a gate or bars to his field, but pulls down the gap every time he passes, having ten or fifteen pannels of fence in an uneasy position by such conduct is “slip-shod,” and should be reprimand ed by the editota of the Southern, Cul tivator, or somebody else. The far mer M-ho leaves a pile of logs in his field to plough and hoe around, thereby losing time and land, also breaking down his corn and brtuing his cotton, and generating a patch of briars is “slipshod." . If you canot bum them, cut them short, split and haul them to yonr M'ood-pile at the house. If a gully starts in your field, and you know that after awhile one must be there, take and run as straight as to give sufficient Ml.) angles. wluvli will be the ’cascWrlell to itself. Any farmer that. M ill roll or cuff. to be rolled, throiv or suffer to be thrown, one chunk or other obstruction*into a gully of such character, is “slip-shod,” and deserves to save large crooked gullies in his field. I will perhaps in an after article, ; give you other evidence of slip-shod farming— "leaks." « Strong ashes lightly sprinkled on cabbages early in the morning, will 1 drive off hugs and worms that infest j them for me. Boron Land. Palmetto, Ga, March 13, 1872. PREMIUMS FOR FIELD CROPS. Georgia State Agricultural Society. Secretary's Office, ) Atlanta, Ga., March 12, 1872.) In accordance with the action of this body, at its recent session iii/Savanuah, the next Semi-annual Convention will be held in the city of Griffin. And the day having been left to the discretion of the President, notice is hereby given that the time of meeting M’ill be Tuesday, Au gust 13th, at noon. The Annual State Fair for the year 1872 will be held in the city of Atlanta, and will begin on Monday, October 14tli. To furnish proper notice of premiums which require early attention, thefollow ing partial list is given in advance of the complete premium list: FIELD CROPS. Restricted to crops produced in Geor gia, or'by citizens of Georgia. For the most economical result ivith full report on the following crops. PROVISION- CROPS —CEREALS. 1. Corn, ten acres, minimum, 50 bushels SSO 2. Wheat, one acre 50 3. Oats, one acre 50 4. Rye, one acre 50 5. Barley, one acre 50 HAY CROPS. 6. Clover hay, one acre, minimum, two and a half tons SSO 7. Lucerne hay, one acre, minimum, two and a half tons.- 50 8. Native grass hay, one acre, mini mum, one and a half tons 50 9. Cultivated grass hay, without clover, two tons ' 50 10. l’ea-vine hay, two and a half tons. ‘ 50 11. Corn forage, four tons 50 BOOT CROPS. 12. Sweet potatoes, one acre 820 13. Irish potatoes, one acre 20 14. Turnips, one acre 50' 15. Ground Peas, one acre 20 16. Beets, one acre.. 20 FRA CROPS. 17. Field peas, one acre 820 18. Beans 20 MONEY CROPS. 19. Cotton—five acres, minimum, 2,- 000 pounds per acre 850 20. Tobacco, five acres 50 21. Cane—Ribbon—five acres 50 22. Sorgho, etc., five acres 50 j 23. Rice—lowland—minimum, seventy bushels per acre 50 ; 24. Rice—upland—one acre. 50 25. Broom corn, one acre 60 CROPS BY BOYS UNDER SIXTEEN YEARS OP age. 28. Cotton, one acre 825 1 27. Corn, one acre 25 : I SAMPLES OF CROPS —PROVISION CROP. | 28. Bread corn, one lmshel 810 j i 29. Stock corn, one bushel 10 i 30. Ten ears bread coni 5 [3l. Ten ears stock corn 5 32. Stalk of com with ears and roots 5 ; 33. Wheat, one bushel 10 j I 34. Oats, one bushel 5 j I 35. Rye, one bushel • 5 I 36. Barley, one bushel 5 j 37. Field peas, one bushel 5 38. Garden peas, one bushel 5 ! j 39. Rice, one bushel 5 ’ 40. Sweet potatoes, one bushel 5 ! i 41. Irish potatoes, one bushel 5 j i 42. Onions, one bushel 5 43. Onion sets, one peck 5 ! 44. Sugar—Ribbon cane—one barrel 25 45. Syrup—Ribbon cane—one barrel 10 46. Sugar—Sorgho, etc. —one barrel. 25 47. Syurp—Sorgho, etc. —one barrel. 10 SEEDS. 48. Grass seeds, best collection of Georgia raised 810 49. Clover seed, one bnshel 5 60. Lucerne, one bushel 5 61. Bine Grass, one bnshel 6 52. Herd's Grass, one bushel 5 53. Timothy, oue.bushel 5 54. Meadow Grass, one bnshel 5 55. Orchard Grass, one bushel 6 56. Garden seed, best collection... 10 SAMPLE OF MONEY CROPS. 57. Cotton, best bale upland 8100 08. Cotton, best bale upland long staple 20 59. Cotton, best bale sea island ~ . 20 60. Tobacco, best box chewing, Georgia raised. .. ..., .. 265 4*. tfldut. Geor gia raised 20 62. Tobacco, best box leaf, Georgia raised 5 ' 63. Best box segars 5 64. Two stalks of cotton 5 65. Specimen of cotton roots 5 EXPERIMENT IN IRRIGATION. 66. Ten acres with full details, by water in motion 8100 67. Ten acres by flowing or warping (not by tide water) 100 The experiment must be carefully made and the details of a permanent character. FOR THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF COUNTY SOCIETIES. 68. To the county which (through its society or clubs) shall fur nish the largest and finest dis play, in merit and variety, of stock, products and results of homo industries, all raised or produced in the county, in g01d.8500 In competing for premiums for the most economical results in the produc tion of different crops, the item of cost must be carefully reported, including the origin, fertility of the land, the cost of fertilizers, and the cost of prepara tion, cultivation and gathering tlie crop. Certificates, also, must be furnished of two disinterested witnesses of the measurement of the land and the yield :.per acre. ! Persons competing for premiums in ir rigation must give notice to the Secreta ry by the first of July. Samuel Barnett, Secretarx. M * Gapes in Chickens. —lt is now well understood that gajies in young chickens is produced by vvorn.s in the throat. A writer in the American Entomologist recommends carbolic i acid in small quantities in the feed as a preventive. In cases where ihe disease has already shown itself, he proposes a cure by stripping a small quill feather to near the small end, dipping it into a solution of the acid, and swabbing out the throat of the bird. Brussels, April 4, evening. — Rinder pest has wholly disappeared from Bel gium. Tlie strike of the London compositors ! has been successful. The demand was for increase of wages and the limitation j of a day’s work to nine hours, which has ! been conceded by 142 firms. horticultural. From the Farmer £ Gardener. Our Native Flora [continued.] DECIDUOUS TREES (LOSING THEIR LEAVES IN WINTER.) 1. Cucumber Tree (Magnolia Acu minata.) —The deciduous magnolias are all conspicuous for their monstrous leaves and large showy flowers. This is a very desirable species, and of fine shape, growing to a large tree. It prefers rich soils, and ranges from the Southern States as far North as New* York and Ohio. The young fruit resembles a cucumber; hence its name. Leaves from eight to nine inches long. 2. Umbrella Tree (Magnolia Um brella.) —A small sized tree, with leaves from one to one and a halt feet long; and white flowers, four to six inches wide. The branches are irregular and unsymmetrieal, and it is mostly prized for its conspicuous leaves and flowers. 3. Large-leaved Magnolia (M. Ma crophylla.)—This is only a shrub, or small tree, but with monstrous, auric') lar leaves, two to three feet long ; and large white, fragrant flowers, eight to ten inches in diameter. Bather rare, but ranges from Florida to (Tennessee ami Kentucky. All these Magnolias are in cultivation by nurserymen. The other tM'o -pecies— M. Cordate and M. F, •aseri — are both small trees, and less conspicuous in their foliage and flowers* 4. Tulip Tree (Liriodendron Tu lipitera )—This magnificent tree, (some times, but improperly, called l’oplar,) with angled, truncated leaves, and greenish, hell-shaped flowers, grou-s to an immense size in our forests, where the soil is suitable. It prefers a rich, dampish soil, and, along the margin of swamps, attains a diameter of four to six teet. In age, the branches become rather straggling, and the head not compact or regular enough fojJUpauty ; but young trees are quite graceful. The wide leaves are set on long, slender petioles, which chase them, like those yif the AspefTSml Poplar, to be stirred by every breeze. The wood in large trees is soft and easily worked—of an olive green, and close-grained. Large quantities of this timber are sailed up and sold for ornamental work. 5. Linden, or Bass-wood (Tilia Americana) —This, the finest of our American species of Linden, is a large tree, and rivals the European for beauty and ornament. Ranges from the moun tains of Georgia to Canada. 6. White Linn (T. Heterophylla,) is a smaller tree, with larger leaves.— Ranges from oar mountains ivest ivardly. 7. Southern Linn (T. Pubesoens.) — This is more common in the lower dis tricts of the Southern States, attaining a height of forty to fifty feet. The Lindens are all ornamental, and prized for shade trees and for pic turesque effect, in lawns. The wood is white and soft, and em ployed in the manufacture of wooden ware. It is from the inner bark of the European Linden that the “Bast," so much used in the manufacture of coarse cordage and matting, is made. 8. Loblolly Bay (Gordonia Pubes oens.) —Os our two species of Gor donia, one (G. Lasianthus.) has been already noticed under the list of Ever greens. This species loses its leaves in winter. It is a smaller tree, and more restricted in its range, being found only along the sivamps of lower Georgia and Florida. Flowers large, white and showy, meriting more atten tion for ornament. 9. Bride of India (Melia Azede raek.) —This favorite yard and city tree, though an exotic, is so thoroughly naturalized as to deserve a passing notice. For gracefulness of foliage, there are few trees more ornamental. The clusters of lilac flowers open in early spring, just as the leaves are ex panding, and the yellow berries lian<» on the tree all n inter. It is sometimes objected to for streets in cities on account of the roots extending so near the surface as to injure the brick pave ments, and being a rapid grower, with large expanding head, it is more lhble to be blown down by high winds, unless kept annually pruned. The berries, bark and root have strong