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VOL L VR I N KB KLY V , * XT HODGE tar M'DON&ZLL. , CONDITION'S. ’ ~ v v, ■ Ist. The Annual Subscrip if® will be TKttfE DOLLARS paval»*« haT yearly in advance; or a &OTE f*r Foi* dol- payable ay|»e end of the year. 2*X Subscfib'*rS living otr hf the Stare will payalmi|.ho!e subscription upon the deli very of the first number s ‘s m. y. Nt> r>u!) criprions will be received for less than and nb paper shall be umd arre4rages a«r paid. 4th. Advertisements # wiU be inserted at the custorpary rates. ® , V ; ■« Yjf- *P* ,SS wfc 5Q® Litters addressed., to the Ed I jfofiS avasche post paid. $ ~ Sf . : -r>: «*'— l ‘■ >! ■ JjSr* filfowi ng q£yri eara>v rt>- <ouesled and aut/iorikedjjjb, receive Sub script ions and give receipts for this paper , viz ‘iVatkinsyiUe* Dr. Wm. Weight « 1,1 r. Joseph Moss. Jackson county , Cnpt. Boyle. ) f J.exington— The Post Master, f oreciteacotin Mtv Wyley Gres ham, P. M. Grceneshoro\ Mi> Grant. 1\ M. Grairtsville , and the Post Master, Fcivehon. Wfihes county —Mr. James Wing* field, P. M. Washington, and Mr., Hubert Grier. Raysvillc —Mr. John Barnett. Columbia Court-House — i. 1 . Master , Hancock —Mr. A|)er^Sbmbie, M* and Joseph Jfryan, Esq. Elbert on —Mr.; Wm. Woqds. Hettrshiirgh —Mr. Alex. Pope. Augusta —Mr. Frasen, P.* M. and >lV|or F- Phinizy. : Morgan —Mr.Cunningham, P. M. Jasper—r-TDfa* Shorter. ~ .f f fitnabr— Br,ce Guitiier, Ksq. Mitledgeville—Y he Post Mu?>ter. Jlfaiiison cwy.p~~til r, P. Jtt* “*|nd William Ho4go^E*q« ‘ ~ franklin— The Post Master... Washington county*— I General Irwin. War re r — The Post M^sVer. JLi'fcoln*** The Post Master. ... SiivanniihiSix mu el ITunett, Esq. /f/<:/7t>t7.—-John E. Fraser, Esq. Si. Ma y's-* Major Clark, P- M* Abbeville, S* C.—Mr. Moses W. r Without .intending any disparage ment to the useful qnd valuable pa pers printed in Augusta,aMiiledge •ville arui elsewhere, in this State, vve viljT take the liberty to mention the following as .in some dqgree recommending this, to public patronage, and .especially in the up pe r counties. It will be ‘'large, and will conse quently contain net only a variety, j but a considerable quantity of mat ter;— selected with care. ‘.'Vr-h.; ! It will be pul^hsed ft the Seat oj the University of this State, and jirill derive from that circumstance tome gentrai interest and import ance . ‘': /"^. -i;. ■* j*.; ’i.f■■ if ■ • -.il It will be published bn Thursday in every week’ soon af;er the arrival of the Northern and Southern Mails at this place, and will contain a eondenstd summary of the gates’, and most interesting news from the North and South. * t- V y. From a direct communicatiqpj thro’ Greenville, S. C. & Buncombe to this paper will piobds| bly derive the- earliest intelligence iVcm'Tennessee, Kentucky, Ohio Mher No‘Miem.and Western States ind Territories. It will the com*: non subjects ot a newspaper,.some moral,” religious and scientific mat ter, which will be carefully selected and made us lar as possible subser vient to the practice of Christianity aiid to the pursuits of. common liie. The .more etVcctuaUy to attain this object, we here beg leave respect 1v to invite and solicit fjefatlemen of who are. friends to man- Undv-tMid who would meliorate the condition of huftifn life, to favor us vith their aid. Pieces on tae vari ous subjects toi whether ori ginal Qi‘ w ell selected, w ill be Xlvank i’ully received-—subject however to ■the correction and modification of i he, Edi tors. Nor king Sectariadwill Ye admiited.. Not qniy the man of letttrs, but the plain practical phdo sopher, the ingenious farmer and tuec ianic useful here.— t them wSTb* gladly received attentively’ fTiuced any useful vcries suit i.n/uove;:w:its in a ,-.fait arts. It is rtot intended that this paper shall be made the vehicle of private or personal scurrility and abuse. ,• - To those gentlemen who have nevolently for warded, by a liberal advance, the pnfdinatian of the Ga z.tte, the Editors beg leave to ten der theif grate acknowledgements l'heir futin e endeavors, they trust, will go to prov!;; that this liberality has not been wholly misplaced. fcfjjP Gentlemen holding Subscrip timrpaper's for the Gazette , are res pectfully requested to transmit to the Editors immediately the names pf sub scribers. >. ‘ 1 ■ v v From rhe Port Folio. i ’- \- . ■sss • .. ;*’ ‘ /.f r \ . 4 BIOGRAPHY OF . . ,‘T', CAPTAIN JAMK.S LAWHENCE. recent annals of our navy have presented iso unbroken a suc fefcssioiiof brilliant victories, achiev ed #ith comparatively trifling loss, as to excite throughout the country a piire and almost unmingled senti ment of triumph and congratulation. But there as in human affairs no security against accident ‘,or misfor tune, and we have been, therefore, at last, summoned to. the melancho ly office of mourning the loss of one of those disinterested seamen, Wlyfae gallantry was but yesterday the bbast of us all. The glory which he crea ted for himself and for his country will, however, long survive thq dis aster which closed ms existence; & we deem it a national duty, as well as a grateful return, For the proud satisfaction with which our hearts once swelled at his successes, to contribute our efforts td%Xtend and perpetuate his fame. Captain Jafhe* “Lawrence was bbrn on the Ist of October, 1781, at Burlington^;in New Jersey, and was the youngest sonmf John Lawrence, Esq. counsellor at law of that place. Soon after his birth he had the mis fortune to lose his mother and the care of his early years? devolved on nis two sisters, .who seem to have cultivated the moral qualities of h’s neant with singular success. At the Mge of twelve, he evinced a strong partiality for the sea ; fiut his father disapproving of that plan of fife, and wishing him to pursue the profession •"if law, young Lawrence acquiesced, and passed with reputation through the grammar school at Burlington, when finding that the pecuniary si tuation of his father would not fur nish him the means of completing nis education at any college or*uni versity, he‘commenced the study of law with his brother, the late Jolift Lawrenbe, Esq. at Woodbury, .. He was now only thirteen years of age, a period of life when the grave pur suits of jurisprudence can scarcely be presumed to have many attrac tions ffor a young and ardent fancy, already ; inflamed . with the love ot wandering. JHb continued, however* a reluctant student for about two years, when the death of his father leaving him more at liberty to pur sue his favorite inclination,, he pre vailed on his brother: to place him under the care of MivGriscomb, at Burlington, for the purpose of studying navigation. lie. here re mained for three months* at the ex piration of which time,*; on applica tion to .the navy department he re ceived a warrant as midshipman, on the 4tti of September, 1798. His first voyage was in the ship Ganges, capt. and ingey, on a cruise to the West Indies. die aftferwardsx &a led in different vessels for upwards of two years, and then was made an acting lieutenant on board the fri gate Adams, capt. Robinson, where he continued till the reduction of the navy in consequence oL l #bt|h His appointment was not confirmed, and he remained in the rank oi midkhip m%** - -J . ‘ , V Oi\ the commencement ortlie war with Tripoli, illfclSfril he was pro moted to a lietlflrtaiicy, and sailed to •the Mediterranean afc first lieutenant of the schooner Enterprise, in J 803. While insthis situation, he bore a conspicuous part in an adventure of singular tekfiicss, the destruction of “the iVi gate Pii ilaJel phia. Lieutenant t«°w commodore) Decatur, Who then commanded Uie Enterprize, *seleel rcnce a* his slcanthftf *«hjn:ma,’ embarked .on board the ketch’ Ihtre- FeJjrirn'y acc tu Un:-c4?hth-l4 b Xa .... 1 ATHENS ; THURSDAY. MARCH 10, 1814. Stewart, who was to aid with his boats and. to receive the crew of the ketch, in cafet it should be fouftd ex pedient rt> use her as; a fireship. ‘»* After fifteen days of tempestuous weather they arrived at the harbor of Tripoli a little before sunset.*-* It had been arranged lieu tenants Decatur and Stevßirt, that. the ketch should enter the harbour a- * bout ten o’clock that night, attended by the boats of the Syren. On ar §g off the harbor, the Syren,vin equence of a change of wind, been thrown six or eight miles’ \vithout the Intrepid. The wind at this time was fair, but fast declining, and lieutenant Decatur apprehended* that, should he wait for the Syren’s boats to come up, it plight be too late to make the attack that delay might be fatal to the en-. terprize, as they could not remain longei on the coast, their provisions being nearly exhausted. For these reasons he determined to adventure into the harbor alone, which he did about eight o'clock. An idea v muy be formed of the extreme hazard of this enterprize from the situation of the frigate.— She was. moored within half-gun shot of the bashaw’s castle, and of the principal'battery. Two of the enemy s cruisers lay within two ca-. oles- length, on the starboard, quar ter and tneir gun-boats within half, gun shot, on the starboard bow. * A\\ the guns of the frigate were mount ed and loaded. Such were the im-. mediate'perils that our hero ventur ed to encounter with a single ketch, beside the other dangers that abound in a strongly fortified harbor. . Although it was only three miles fi o»ri the entrance to the place where the frigate lay, yet, in consequence of the lightness of the- wind, they diet not get Within hail ,of her until eleven o'clock , When> they had approached .Within , Wo* hundred yards, they were hailed and ordered to anchor, or they, would be fired in to. Lieutenant Decatur ordered a | Maltese pilot, who was on board the ■ ketch, to answer that they had lost their anchors in a gale of wind,on the coast, and therefore could not comply with their request. . By this time it had become-perfectly calm, and they were about fifty yards from the frigate. Lieutenant Decatur or dered a small boat that was along side of the ketch, to take a rope and make it fast to the frigate’s fore chains : this, being done they began to warp the ketch alongside. . It was not until this moment that the ene my suspected the character of their visitor, and great confus.on immedi ately ensued. This enabled our ad venturers tb get alongside ot the tri gate, | .when Decatur immediately sprartg aboard, followed by ‘Mr. Charles i - Morris, midshipman.— These two were nearly a. minute on the deck, f before their companions could succeed in mounting the side. Fortunately the Turks hud ;not suf ficiently recovered from their sur* prise to take advantage of this delay: they were crowded together on the quarter deck, perfectly astonished £c aghast, without making any. Attempt to oppose the assailing party. As soon as a sufficient number’ of our men had gained the deck to form tront equal to that epemy, they rushed in. upon them., -1 he Turks stood , the^assault but asiort time, and were completely overpow ered. About; twenty. were ; ki tied on the spot, many jumped overboard, and the rest Red to the. main deck, whither they were pursued and dri ven tothe hold. * v After entire possession had been gained of the ship, and eve ry thing ’prepared to set fire toiler, a number of launches were seen rowing about the harbor. This deternjm&d Ueut. I>ecatur to remain in the frigate, from whence a better defence could he made than. from on board the ketch. The ‘ enemy ha 4 already commenced , .firing on them from their batteries ami castle* and tram two* corsairsthatWere lying near.— Perceiving that the launches aid not SattempiFto approach, he ordered that the ship should bsjgt on*fire, which was dope, at theHime time, in different pfi*ts. As soon as this was ly effected they left I her; ,arul such was the rapidly of 1 the Rames, that it was with the ut-. S*pi^l I t 10-, m directly ou* of the haibor : t, Tri i Cm miniites rirried 1 l- ..... 1 I L my’s guns, and they made good their retreat without the loss of a single man, and with but one wound ed. For this gallant achievement, lieu- * tenant Decatur received a captaincy —and congress 1 voted to Lawrence: and tire other officers und crew*- two months extra pay, which he declin ed receiving. * r ‘ During the same year, when com modore Preble bombarded the town of Tripoli, the Enterprise, with the other ships of the squadron, were employed to cover during the attack. On this occasion lieu terrant Lawrence had the temporary command of the Enterprize, and performed his service in so gallant • and seamen-like a manner, as to re ceive the thanks of commodore’ Pre-‘ ble. • v . . Frora| the* Ente rpri ze, he was transferred to the Legate John A dams as first lieutenant ; and after remaining in the Mediterranean a bout three years, he. returned with * commodore Preble to the United• States- • * : r;-* - Spon after, he wa? again sent to the Mediterranean as commander of No. 6. >These vessels were originally destined to serve fine rely along the’ American coast,, and however qualified for fiarbor or river defence, were deemed exceed ingly insecure in crossing the Atlan- 1 tic.- Being very small, with a dis propcrtion%bly large gun and neces sarily laden very ‘deeply, they labor ed under every disadvantage in en countering heavy gales. , So decided * were the opinions of the naval offi cers against them, that no one would perhaps, have been willing to risk his life in them on such a voyage, fqr any motive of private advantage. * or from any consideration, except’ the per ormanee of his duty. ‘ Law rence has'told me.’ writes one of his “ brother officers, *that when he went on board the gun-boat, ‘he had not . the faintest idea that he would ever arrive out to the Mediterranean in her, or indeed, arrive any where ■ else. ’ Ftc has told me that on the coast of Europe he met an English frigate, the “ captain of which would not at, first believe he had croosed the Atlantic in such a Vessel.’ He did not, however, go with less alac .rittt and h« unexpectedly .arrived saflly in the Mediterranean, wheife heremaTced about sixteen months. ;Oh his"’ return from the Mediter ranean, aftey the peace witfi Tripoli, ■he was appointed first lieutenant of the frigate Constitution, and after wards commanded the schooner Vi.\- en, the sloop of wat* Wasp, the brig Argus, and the ‘ship Hornet, witn the rank of master attd EbnimarideV, apd? was twice - sent to Europe with dispatches to .oi:r ministers, in the year 1803, he married a daughter of Mr* Montaudevert, a respectable merchant of Ne\V-York. ‘.-J The declaration of war again st-G. Britain, in June 1812, gave anew impulse, or rather anew existence to the navy. Lawrence was at that* ti me in New-York, in command of of the ilo met ? and in a few (Jays .sailed with a squadron, consisting of the United States,,Congress*and Ar gus, under the command cf commo dore Rogers in the President. Their object was to intercept the Jamaica fleet.- After being detained for a day by the pursuifeof the frigate Belvidete, which ended in the escape cf tae latter owing to her having the advantage of the wind, the squad ron followed the fleet with the ut most alacrity, as well as the imperf feet information of the vessel? they met would permit, till the IStH of July, when they reached within IS or 20 hours sail of the English chan nel- Disappointed in this chase, they now ran down near the thence back by the banks of New foundland to Boston, where they ar rived on - the August. Al though this cruise*was markedby no bold or prominent success, and although *lhe squadron made only seven captures,a single recap ture, yet the failure is attributable tp fortune 4|sly. At a moment when the British navy, with its boasted u- Jjiquity qpver'fcd the ocean, this liuAe band cf adventurers sought their e hemies m every quartern dared them on their own coast, and after carry*, ing sdarm through the mercantile classes of England, returned lested, and W>t victorh ifs, only be o&e Jfc Sin Vie enen»y they en countered sought'safety m H.ght.f she cUy before the the capture of the Gut-mere ; and soon \ afterwards* the government yielding .too*far to the universal and natural emlnmcum excited by this (gallant action,* prorr.otedylieutenant Morris, the iirst office the Con stitution, .to the rank of captain.'*— As this appointment,-nowever, ad vanced him two grades at once, contrary to the ordinary rules of promotion, >and thus placed him a bove ail the masters and command ers in the navy, it occasioned much dissatisfaction among thorn. Capt. louvre nee felt himself peculiarly in jured by vit; inasmuch as he found himself thus suddenly outranked by one so mttch ljis junior. He there fore addiessea a letter to -the. secre tary of the, navy, in which, after rendering the most ample justice to the jperits of lieut. Morris, he re , monstnfttd in mild and.; iirm, but -respectful language, > against .so uiit precedented a promotion, by which he would be forced to leave the vy». >ln 1-epiy'to this fair and manly letter he received from live secret a- ’ ry of the navy, .a short and cohtempv tuous answer, • merely acknowledge ing the receipt of his letter, with aw iotipiation that if', he chose to h ave, the service without a cause, the: e would still remain heroes and patri ots to support the honor of the This sarcastic note Lawrence receive ed as he was on the point of sailing from Boston. To have left the ser-l vice .instantly would have been the I natural impulsecbf this wounded feelings, but at such a moment, wrttf a fine ship apt! a gallant crew, with sails unbent to meet the enemy, Me could* not part;with the higb’hopH of acquiring reputations lie; there fore repressed his 1 indignation,’ and in reply to the sec clary, after stit ing his surprise and regret,'that a ky thing which behalf written shoiiic! have been ; deemed indecorous, jhe apprised him that he.had prepared a memorial on the subject to the jser nate of the UnitcdStaUs, and shojrdd be governed by their decision- ‘llhfo example may be serviceable to mLny officers, who, in a moment of dijup pointment, at improper or unkind treatment, are tempted touesig i.— It is . better like Lawrence to ttitle for a time the natural but hasty re sentment of wounded pride, til i an opportunity offers of proving, not by our complaints, bin by oui[ nati ons, that we have been* tinjusA ne* glecled.. Lawrence* sailed underihe impression of having bttyt kty?nly vyour.ded by the secretary of tht,’ na* vv, and seeing a junior placed over him.On his return, he found that secretary no longer in office, and himself promoted in consequence of his application to the Scnute. to t|he ri"k pf captain, so as the officer whose well deserved, though irregular appointment had given him so much uneasiness. .v He now sailed ftom Dot top in the Hornet, in company with comhiodore Cambridge of the frigate Gonstiti> Vi on,’ on a cruise to the Last Indies but in running down the coast of 4he Brazils, in the month ot December, they found the Bonne Citoyenne, ft British ship of .war, loaded with spe cie, lying in the port of St. Salvador. The Bonne Cityonne, v.as a larger vessel and hud a greater force both in guns and men than the ; Hornet j but co eager was Lawrence to en gage her, that he sent through-the American consul at St. Salvador?; a challenge to her commander* capt* Greene, 4 l request. you to state, to him,’said he, > that l will meet him whenever he may be pleased to come but, tuid pledge my honor that nei ther the Constitution, nor any other American vessel shall interfere.’— Commodore Bainbridge at the same time declared, 4 if capt. Greene wish ed to try equal force, 1 pledge my honor to give him an opportunity by being out of the way or not interfer ing/ Whatever might have been the motive rtf capt. Greene, h e a droitly evaded this offer by answer ing, that although nothing would give* him more satisfaction than U> meet capjain Lawrence under dhu * rent circumstances, and although he was convinced that the result ol su h encutmter c'ouid not long rem n uitflccided in his own favor, yet be was equally convinced that com mo do re, Bainhvtdge too well the paramount uuty be owed to c juntiy, to remain an maci.ve spuj tutor, while a ship of his ow n sc>g ron U U into t!u* h»oitl* o’ the that he could KMt^fl pOliHt V-IUJj tll.u NO. IF,\