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VOL. I
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t • .-..‘.V A’ ‘-J ■
.> v’ “ • ’
By the President of the United Stares
of America. s
A PROCLAMATION.
WHEREAS the eheniy by a sud
den incursion have succeeded in in
vading the capital of the hatibn, de
fended at the moment by troops less
numerous than their own, and almost
entirely of the militia, during their
possession of whithj though for a
single day only, they Wantonly de
stroyed the public edifices, having
no relation in their structure to ope
rations of warj nor used the tithe
for military annoj’ance; some or
these edifices being also costly mon
uments of taste and the - arts, and
others depositaries of the public ar
chives not only precious to the na
tion as the / memorials of its origin
and its early transactions, but inter
esting to all nations, as contributions
to the general stock of historical in
struction and political science : t ‘
And whereas advantage has* been
taken of the loss of a fort, more im
mediately guarding the neighboring
town of Alexandria, to place the
town within the range of a naval
force, too long and too much in the
habit of abusing its superiority,
wherever it can be applied, to re
quire as the alternative 8f a general
conflagration, an undisturbed plun
der of private property, which lias
been executed in a manner peculiar
ly distressing to the inhabitants who
hadi inconsiderately, cast themselves
on the justice and generosity of the
victor:
And whereas it now appears by a
direct communication from the Brit
ish naval commander on the Ameri
can station *to be his avowed purpose
to employ the force under his direc
tion A in desiroyiug and laying waste
such towns St district* on the sea-coast
as may bedbund assailable;* adding
to this declaration the insulting pre-
that it is in retaliation for., a
wanton destruction committed by t
army of the United States in* Upper
Canada,,when it is notorious, that
no destruction has been Committed,
which, notwithstanding the multipli
ed outrages previously committed
by the enemy* was not unauthorised,
and promptly shown to be so; and
that the United States have been as
constant in their endeavors to reclaim
the enfemy from such outrages, by
the contrast oi their own example,
,as they have been to terminate, on
reasonable terms, the war itself:
And v whereas, these proceedings
-and declared purposes, which cxnib
it a deliberate-disregard-pf the prin
ciples of humanity, and tfie rules of
civilized Warfare, and which must
give to the existing war a character
of extended devastation arid barba
rism, at the very moment af negoti
ations for peace, invited by’ the ene
my himself, leave no prospect of safe
ty to any thing within the reach of
his predatory and incendiary opera
tions, but in a manly and umv.-W£l
determination to chastise and expel
the Invader:
Now, therefore, I, James Madison,
,president of the U. States, do issue
this my proclamation, exhorting alt
the good people’ thereof, to unites
their hearts k hands in giving effect
to the ample mearts possessed for
that purpose. I enjoin it on all offi
cers,’ civil and military, to exert them
selves in executing the duties with
which they are respectively Charged- _
And more especially, I require of
the ofticers commanding the respec
tive military districts, to be vigilant
and alert in providing for the defence
thereof; for the, more effectual ac
complishment of which, they are au
thorised to call to the defence of ex
posed and threatened places, portions
of the militia most convenient there
to, whether they be or be not parts
of the. quotas detached for the ser
vice of the United States under re
quisiliousaif the general government.
On an occasion which appeals so
forcibly to the. proud feeling pat
riotic devotion of UuEAmerican peo
J,ic, none wtfiWt wl.ui laty owe
10 themselves ; what they owe to
theifcountry afrd the high destinies
wlucli awaiX it , >v oat to the glory
• by their Ethers, m euab
fisiring the independence which is
u©w to be maintained by their 6ous,
THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 29, 1814*
with the augmented strength and re
sources with which time and Heaven
have blessed them. ‘
f In testimony whereof, I have here
unto set my hand and caused the
seal of the,United States to be
affixed to these presents.
Done at the city of Washington,
& the first day of September in
■ f .r the year of our Lord one thousand
y . eight hundred and fourteen, and
“/ of the independence of the U“
nited States the thirty-ninth.
JAMES MADISON.
By the President,
JAMES MONROE, ’
,'^V J Secretary of State.
Washington, September 10.
Copy of a letter from Vice Admiral r
Cochrane to* Mr. Monroe.
His Britannic Majesty’s ship tht
k Tennant, in the Patuxent River,
18th 1814.
Slß—Having been called upon by
the Governor General of the Cana
das to aid him jn carrying into effect
measures of the
inhabitants of the United States, for
the wanton destructions committed
by their army in Upper Canada, it
, has become imperiously my duty, j
conformably with the nature of the
Governor Generali application to
issue to the naval force under my
command, aft order to destroy and
lay waste such towns and districts
upon the coast, as may be found as#
saitable. ...... . , .
I had hoped that this contest would
have terminated? without my being
obliged to severities which
are contrary to the usage ofcivi(ized
warfare, and as it has been with ex
treme reluctance and concern that
1 hatfe found myself compelled to
adopt this system of devastation, I
shall be equally gratified if the con
duct of the Executive of the United
States will authorise my staying such
proceedings, by; making reputation
to the suffering inhabitants of Upper
Canada \ thereby manifesting that if
the destructive measures pursued by
their army were ever sanctioned,
(they will no longer be permitted by
the Government. . .* ?
v I have, the honor to be, sir with
much consideration, yous most obe
-dient humble servant,
[Signed]
r ; ALEX. COCHRANE,
Vice Admiral and Commander in
chief df H. B M. ships and .vessels
upon ‘the ; N American 1 station.
>v 'The Hon. James Monroe,
Secretary of State, Stc* sc* sc.
Washington. ,
Copy of and letter from Mr., Mbirot to
sir Alex 9 Cochrane. Vice Adptiral. We.
Department of State. Sept. 6, 1814
SIIWI have had the honor to re
ceive your letter of the IBtu of Au
gust, stating, that having’ been cal
led on by the Governor General of
the Canadas, to aid him in carrying
into effect measures of retaliation
against the inhabitants of the United
States, for the wanton desolation
committed by their army in Upper
Canada, it has become your duty,
conformably with the nature of the.
Governor General’s application, to
issue to the naval force under your
command, an order 4o destroy and
lay waste such towns and districts
upon the. coast as may be found as
sailable. , .
It is seen with the greatest surprise,
r that this system of devastation which
has been practised by the British for
ces, so manifestly contrary to the
usage of civilized warfare, is placed
by you on the ground of retaliation.
No sooner were the United States
compelled to resort to war against
Great Britain, than they resolved to
wage it in a manner most consonant
to the principles of hurtfajaity, and
, to those friendly relations which it
was desfFeahle to preserve between
tne two nations, after the restoration
of peace.—they perceived however
with the regret that a spirit
alike just and humane was neither
cherished nor acted on by your Gov
ernment. Such an assertion would
not be hazarded, if it was not suppor
ted by facts, the proof of which has
perhaps already carried tho same
conviction to other nations that it has
to the people of these slates. With
out dwelling on the deplorable cru
elties committed by the Savages in
me British ranks, and in British pay
on American prisoners at rhe River
Raisin, which to um day have never
aeen, disavowed or atoned, 1 refer,
as more immediately connected with
wwk'asf Wt v»*
J i . k.NNr -\ r :t a . ■
ton desolation that committed
fit Havre-de-Grace, and at George
Town, ..early in the ‘Spring 1313.
These villages were burnt and rava
ged by the naval forces of Great Brit
ain. to the ruin of their unarmed in
habitants, who saw with astonishment
that they derived no protection to
their property from the laws of war.-t-
During the same season,’ scenes of
invasion and pillage, carried bn iin-
Mer the same authority, were wit
nessed all along the waters of the
Chesapeake, to an extent inflicting;
the most serious and
under circumstances that justified
the suspicion, that , revenge and cu
pidity rather than the manly motives
that should dictate the hostility of a
high minded foe, led to their perpe
tration..-—The late destruction of tftu
Houses of the Government in this
City is another act wnicfycomes ne
cessarily into view. In the watfs of
modern Europe, no examples of the
kind, v even among nations the most
hostile to each other, can be traced.
In the course of ten years past, the
Capitals’of the*«principal powers of
the Continent of Europe hath;
conquered, arid occupied alternaidy
by tne victoriouTarinies of each oth
er. and no instance of .-ucii wanton
and unjustifiable destruction has been
seen. We must go back to distant
and barbarous ages, to find a paralel
for the acts of which I comphtin.
, Altho* these acts of desolation in
vited, if thby did riot impose on flic
government the necessity of retalia
tion, yet in no instance has it been
authorised. The burning of the vil
lage of Newark in Upper Canada,
posterior to the early outrages above
enumerated, was not executed on
that principle. The village ofNew
ark adjoined fort George, and its’ de
struction was justified by the officer
who ordered it, on the ground that
it became;necessary in the military
ry operations tjiere. _ The act how
ever was disavowed c by the govern
ment#. The-, burning which took
place at Long Point was unauthorised
by the Government, and the ,cop
duct of the officer subjected to the in
vestigation of a military tribunal
For the burping bf'St. David's com*
mitted by stragglersf-the officer who
commanded in that quarter was dis*_
missed without a trial, for not pire-”
venting it, . J
lam commanded by the Presi
dent distinctly to state, that it d.s little
comports with any . orders .tvhicif
have been issued to the military ind
naval Commanders of the.U. States
as it does vritb the established and
known humanity of the American
nation, to pursue a system which it
appears you ( have adopted. . This
government owes it to itself) to the
principles which it has ever held*Sa
cred, to disavow, as justly chargeable
to it, ainy such wanton cruel, and un
justifiable warfare.
Whatever unauthorised irregu
larity may have been committed by
any oflts troops, it would have been
ready, acting on these principles of
sacred and eternal obligation, tb
disavow, and as far as might be
practicable, to repair. But in the
plan of desolating warfare which
your letter so explicitly , makes
known, and which is attempted to be
excused on a plea so utterly ground
less, the President perceives a spir
it of deep rooted hostility, which,
. without the evidence of such Sets,
he could not have believed existed,
or would have been carried to such
: extremity.
For the reparation of injuries, of
whatever nature they might fee, not
.sanctioned by the law of nations,
which the military or naval force
of either power may have committed,
against.the other, this government
will always be ready to enter into
reciprocal arrangements. It is pre
sumed, that your government Avill
neither accept or propose any which
are, not reciprocal
Should your government adhere
to a system of desolation, so contra*
ry to the vie ws and practices , of the
United States, so revoluagto human
ity, and repugnant to the sentiment
and, usage of the civilized world,
whilst it will be seen with the deep
est regret, it must and will oe met.
with a determination and constancy
becoming a tree people/conteriding
ink just cause lop. their essentia*
rights, and their dearest interests.
I have the honor to be, witn grSeat
Consideration, sir, your most obedi
ent hiftnbfc servant, - *
gSigned] lA'SV MONRO IS.
. Vice Ad- bir Alex. Goes ran e,
• ia #1 JtJ* Jfr
SO. XXXIII.
Majesty *s ships and vessels, See.
Savannah Sept.XQ. /' ”
CITY DEFENCE.
The COMMITTEE OF 01-TS.
CEHS appointed on the subject of
erecting fortifications around tlu>
city of Savannah, inform thtnr felloir
citizens of Savannah and Abe coun
itry generally, that one of the \Vor|s*
agreed upon will be laid off cn'MoA4
’ day next, and that ground will bfc
brqke.on Tuesday moaning, at 6 o»
clock j i when, all persons disposed
to, afford their aid are required to
attend at citizen Smith’s the south
east corner Carpenter’s ,iCow and
all person s'.'are hereby called upon
to furnish their male Slaves at tho
the same time, bringing witty
them all spades, shovels and pick
’ axes in their possession. The a
range ment of work will then be com
municated by Mr. Oatjbs* the (ft**
perintendant. . , *
GEORGIANS 1 .
, We have been directed by the ci
tizens oi Savannah, to address yon,
and jti their names to state that tho
chief ciiy in Georgia, look*. toward!
the %vest—\ o their bijetfiren of »hi>
interior—for. that aid and sue port*
ivhiqh ,ib\h alarming.ynd po’r ,
crisis, ..demands-from’ their ■ opuli*. ’
tiqn, an c\ their courage
The people of this section arts
prepared to hazard .their lives and
in defence of their fiyesVdes v and nai,
tippal honor*. 1 hey will do thkm
duty, f But what , can a handful of
brave freemen effect, against an a
verwhelming host of ruthless nivti
midons., flushed with the victories x
of the old world, and determined if
thetr exertion,cart accomplish it, to
reduce to unconditional submission
this, the last, andonly republic upo& ~
earth*.. j; ;
British prowess and intreaguejj
h'hye effected their objects on thi*.
continent of Europe'. The old sy%»
terns hava been re-established, and
except jn, our beloved country. nO v
where, do. we find ,the Rich
man, consecrated by political *jnsM
tutions.
The British cabinet,
as it ever has been, by a sanguinary, ’
ferocious .and ; unrelenting ’policy, ’
will leave no measure untried to a*o’
complish Its work of
rt United America, jn.ust be reduced
to the level of European vassalage.
Legitimate Kings must not be in
sulied by a form of government,
which places the sovereignty in the»
great body of the people. The, re~
publicarf .system must be subv irted***
a .and America shall not be permitted
to erect temples 7 ,t0 LUxaty, whtft
the rest of the World has agreed to
demolish them l’* This is. the lapv
wbith British animosity ad*
dresses'to your countrymen and can
you doubt the .Sincerity iheir
termination to carry it into operfe
tion ? .
What are the prominent traits ot .
the enemy’s character? Are they not
barbarity and energy ? You will find’
the illustration in the ruins of Wash
ington. , In this attrocious deed—in
the destruction of the Capitol, and
other edifices appropriated to civil
purposes—he has retrograded
turies,. He has violated the rules ot
warfare adopted by Christendom *V
and treated our country, as if ft,
not a separate and independent strips’
tion among the powers of the'earth
,lf no other cause existed for this
malignity, the valor of our ancestor**/*
the triumphs of the Revolution, af
ford a thousand gaocTreasons to caU
culate upon the full measure of BrV
tish vengeance. Our fathers defeat
ed the enemy,. aud ndw he is again
seeking she destruction of our Go*r
eminent and people.’ Shall he a
gain be defeated and disgraced ? An
swer Yes ? fellow citizens of the id*
terior, “ and it is done**
Animated by your native cour ge»
by your love of country, and injuries
inflicted upon it; and above all, by
the exposed situation of, your bre
ihern here—preeipUatatq yourselves
upon the seacoast. Let the tide of
your strength direct its course to
to this city; safety will'then be ensu
red * the ferocious menaces of tho
enemy laughed to scorn ; and each *
one of you wilf return home with the
proud and mpmph*nt heart: i too
was a soldier af Savannah. I assis
ted in saving it irom conflagration
’ —from tne .plunder and murders of
. the enemy.”
I EELi-u v> CITIaCENS 1 We are
\ all ore them and children of the sawo
} family. t?od only