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VOL, L PRINTED WEEKLY, Jir HODGE W l\[' ,y ONNELL. mmmmmmrntKk * CONDITIONS. - lit. The Annual StJl>«:rij»‘ion will be thmck noi.c/vas, ball in advance. <M S. bscribors living on’ of rhe Stare will ‘p ay vvbole sobscfiptton upon the deli very of the (Hst nmiiocr. fld. No Subscripttori $ w*»U bt- received for less than one year; and nn paper shall be discontinued imt l arreaages are paid. 4;h. Advertisements will be inserted at the cttS’Omarv ia r e3. Letters addressed to (he Lni rCRS must h f - iKSl'paid. 1 -i <&> :<* ~ “:r • •> ■ Tup. foils* Inr c£itripK&# are re quested and authorized to receive Sub atriptions and give receipts for this jKiher. viz *—- W.atMns'iftih, Dr. Win. Wright 8c Mr. Joseph Moss. V count}] Capt. Boyle* l.ex>ngeoor— ■ i lit Post Master* ( | Gret te anmty, Mr. Wvley Gres ham. P. M. (L eenesLo o\ Mr. Grant, I*. M Grants*fifl.e? and the Post Master, Putvtlum. lViikes cmitity— Mr. James Wing field!. P. M. /Washington, and Mr. Robert Grier. < Haysv*ll e—i M (**£ John barnett. Columbia Court-House—# • Master. fiancee k —Mr. Abercrombie, P. fyL and Joseph Bryan, -Esq. Elbe’ .-'W in. Woods. Hetersburgh— \ lt* Alex. Pope. Augus /ft—Mr,’ Fraser. P. M* -and Mltinr v ' ; Pbmteyi . Harm: Cunninghams P. Mr jasper —Dr. Shurter. jHt&nmn —Bribe Gaither, F.S([. RJilledgeville— .The Post Master. j| fajdison Long, IVM. sm;l William Hodge, Esq. Franklin —The Post Master and tjif: Rev./ Messrs. Thomas Newton qpd Sampson Lane. Washirigton countj>— General Irwin. Warren*— \ he Post Master* Lincoln —The Post Master. Savannah,— Samuel Esq. Midivay-*-loh\\ E.Fraser* Esq. St. Marys— Major Clark, P. M* Abbeville, S* L.—Mr. Moses W* Dobbins. Without intending any disparage*., rnent to the useful and valuable pa pers printed in Augusta, Milledgc ville and elsewhere in this State, we -will take the liberty to mention the following considerations as in some degree recommending this to public putt onagtv and especially in the up* per t ounlies. it will be large, and will conse quently contain only a variety, but a considerable quantity of mat* tjur—--selected with care. It will be published at the'Seat of the University of this State, ; and viil derive from that circumstance gome general interest and import ance. It will be published on Thursday }n every week soon after the arrival «f the Northern and Southern Mails at this place* and will contain a condensed v summary of the latest and most interesting^news from the North and South. From a direct communication thro* Greenville, S. C. k Buncombe to Tennessee this paper will proba bly derive the eurlio*t intelligence from Tennessee,- Kentucky, Ohio & Other Northern and Western States and Territories. It will contain besides the com mon subjects oi a newspaper, some moral, religious and scientific mat ter, which will be carefully selected and made as far as possible subser vient to the practiced Christianity and to the pursuits of common life. The more eileotually to attain tins onjuct, we heie beg leave respectful ly to invite and solicit gentlemen of science, wlih are friends to niun .ftind, and who would meliorate the ‘Ogjidiuon of hu&ran hie, vo favor Us ATHENS, THURSDAY\ NOVEMBER 10, 1814. with their aid. Pieces on the vari ous subjects alluded to, whether orir ginal or well selected. will be thank fully received—-subject however to the correction and modification of the Editors* Nothinir Sectarian will be admitted. Not only the man of letters , but the plain practical philo sopher, the ingenious farmer and mechanic may be useful here.— From them will be gladly received and attentively noticed any useful discoveries and impmvments in a- Cfriculiuve or thte mechanical arts. It is not intended that this paper shall .be made the vehicle oiprivate or personal scurrility and abuse. JC"?* Gentlemen holding Subscrip tion papers fur the Gazette* are res pectfully requested to transmit to the • Editors immediately ific names of sub /strikers* y■ ‘• ‘ ■. _ ;-w THE INSTRUCTIONS To the Senate and House of 1 Represen tatives cf the w . Stales . >y: T now transmit to Congress copies of the instructions to the Plenipoteh* tiaries of the U. States, charged with negotiating a peace with Great* Bri tain, as referred to in my message of the lOtii inst. jAMES MADISON. Washington , Get, [2th 1814. v Mr. Monrot to jhe PI nipotentiaries of the United Stales* for treating of peace with Great Britain . dated , 1 , JJepa r tme.it vj State , April 15/1814*. CIhNTLKMtN, 1 iiact the honor,; on the——ult. to receive from Mr. Adams two let ters, tme bearing date the 30th Sep tember, and the other on the 17th Oct. last, communicating the over ture ot the emperor of Russia, to promote peace by his friendly medi ation between the U States and G. Britain.’ On the day following, Mr. Daschkoff, the Russian minister, made a sijnilar communication to this department. The subject itas in consequence, been duly considered, and 1 have now. to make known to you the result. The President has not hesitated to accept the mediation of Russia, and he indulges a strong \\ops that it will produce the desired eftect. It is not known that Great Britain has acceded to the proposition, but- it is presumed that she will not decline it. The president thought it impro per to pospone his decision until lie should hear of that of the British go vernment. Sincerely desirous of peace/h£ has been willing to avail himself of every opportunity which might tend to promote it on just and ii inorable cbnditions, and in accept ing this overture he has been parti cularly gratified to evince, by the manner of it, the distinguished con sideration which the U. States en tertain lor the emperor Alexander. Should the British government ac cept the mediation, the negotiation to which it leads will be heid at St. Petersburg. The President commits it to you, tor which a. commission is enclosed, and he has appointed Mr. Harris Secretrry to the mission. The impressment of our seamen and illegal blockades, as exemplified more particularly in the orders in council, were the principal causes ot the war. Had not Great, Britain persevered obstinately in the viola tion ot these important rights the war would not have been declared. It will cease as ioon as these rights are respectcdr The proposition made by Mr. Russell to tne British government immediately after tlie war, and the answer given by this department to Admiral Warren’s letter since, shew the ground on Which the U. States were willing to adjust the controversy relative to im pressment. This has been further evinced by a report of the committee of Foreign Relations of the House of Represen tatives, and an act of Congress pas-; seam consequence of that. By these documents you wtU see- fjfat to §£» commodate this important difference the U. States are disposed to exclude British seamen altogether from the American service. This being 1 effec tually done, the Bitish government can have no pretext for the practice. How shall it be done? By restraints to he imposed by each nation on the naturalization of the seamen , of the other, excluding at,the same time all others not naturalized—or shall the right of each\nation to naturalize the seamen ofthe other he prohibited and each exclude from its service of the natives of the other ? Whate ver the rule is. it ought to be reci procal. If G. Britkn is allowed to naturalize American seamen, the U. States should enjoy the same privil ege. If it is demanded that the U. State shall exclude from their ser vice all native British subjects, a like exclusion of American citizens from British service ought to be recipro cated The made also should be common to both countries. Each should be at liberty to give the same facilities, or jbe bound to impose the same restraints that the other does. The President is willing to agree to either alternative, and to carry it into effect by the most eli gible regulations that can be devi* fied. If the first alternative is adopted, the extent of the proposed exclusion will depend on the impediments of naturalization on the efficacy of the regulations to prevent imposition, or the fidelity of their execution. The greater the difficulty in acquiring the right of citizenship the easier it will be to avoid imposition, and the more complete thfe desired exclusion. The law of the last session of Con gress relative to seamen proves how sincerely desirous the Legislative as well as the Executive branch of our government is, to adjust this con troversy on conditions which may be (satisfactory to Great Britain. By that law it is made indispensible for e&*ry British subject who may here after become a citizen to reside five years without intermission within the U. States, and xo many guards are imposed to prevent frauds, that it seems to be impossible that they should be eluded. No British sub ject can be employed in a public or private ship of the United States, unless he produces to the commander in one instance, and to the collector in the other, a certified copy of the act by which he became naturalized., A list of the crew, in the case of a private ship, must be ta ken, certified and recorded by the collector, and the consuls or com mercial agents of Great Britan may object to any seamen and attend the investigation. The commander of public ship on receiving a person not duly qualified shall forfeit a thousand dollars and the comman der or owner of a private ship, know ing thereof five hundred dollars to be obtained by an action of debt; one half to the informer and One half to the United States. It is also made punishable as a felony by imprisonment and labor from three to five years, or by fine, from five hundred to a thousand dollars, for a person to forge a counterfeit, or To pass or usfc any forged or counter feited certificates of citizenship, or to sell or dispose of one. It may be fairly presumed if this law should be carried into effect, it would exclude all British seamen from our service. By requiring five years continued residence in the United States, as the condition of citizenship, few if any British seamen would ever take advantage of it.—Such as had left Great Britain and had resided five years in this country, would be like ly to abandon the sea forever. And by mikiug it the duty of com manders of our public, and the col lectors in the case of 01$ private ships, to require an authenticated copy from the clerk of the court, before which a British subject, who ©fersd his service) had heso ized as inclispensibfr to his admis sion. and highly penal in .ritber to take person not duly qualified. and by flowing also the British agents to objeet to any one offering their service, and to prosecute by suit the commander’ or collector, as the case might be. for receiving an im proper person, it seems to be im possible that such should be receiv ed. If the second alternative is adopt ed ,* that is, if all native British sub jects are td be hereafter excluded from our serviced it js important that the stipulation providing for it sho'd o pera^t?so as not to effect those who are already naturalized. By ouf law all the rights of natives are given to na turalized citizens.—lt is contended by some that these complete rights do not extend beyond the limits of the United States; that naturalizing a foreigner, no state can absolve him** from the obligation which he owes to his former government) and that he becomes a citizen in a qualified sense only, Th s doctrine if true iu any case, is less applica ble to the United States than any other power. Expatriation seem® to be a natural right, and by the ori ginal character of our institutions founded by compact, on principle* and particularly by the unqualified investment of the adopted citizen with the full rights of the native, all that the United States coudi do, to place him on the same footing, has been done. In point of interest, tho object is of little importance to ei ther party. The number to be ef fected by the stipulation is inconsi derable ; nor can that be a cause of surprize, when the character of that class of men is considered. It rare ly happens that a seaman who settle® on a farm or engages in trade, and pursues it lor any length of time, turns to sea. His youthful days aro exhausted in his first occupation* He leaves it with regret, and adopts another, either in consequence of marriage, or disease, or as an asylum, for age. . / To a stipulation Whicn shall ope* rate prospectively only ob jection does not apply. Irt natural izing foreigners, the United States may prescribe the limit to which their privileges shall extend. If ifc is made a condition that no native* British subject, who may hereafter become a citizen, shall be empioy§ ed in our public or , private ships, their exclusion will violate no right* Those who might become citizen® afterwards would acquire the right subject to that condition, and would be bound by it;* To such a stipula tion the President is willing to ast sent,, although he would much pre ier the alternative of restraints on naturalization ; & to prevent frauds* and carry the same fully into effect you are authorised to apply all the* restraints and checks, with the neces^ N sary modifications, to suit the caseji that are provided in the act above re cited, relative to seamen, for the> purposes of that act. In requiring that the stipulates to exclude British seamen from oiub Service, with regulations for carrying it into effect, be . made reciprocal $ the President desires that you make a provison* authorising the United States if they should be thus dispose ed, to dispense with the obligations imposed by it on American citizens. The liberal spirit of our governmenfc and laws is unfriendly to restraints on our citizens, such at least as are imposed on British subjects from be-i coming members of other societies* This has been ahtwp m the law of the last session relative to seamen to which your particular attention has been already drawn. This pro-* vision may also be reciprocated if de sired. *he president is not particularly solicitous that either of these alter* natives ( making the proposed reser vation in case the latter be,J should be preferred. To secure the United! fcutes qjpuast impressment bo- w m xxxix