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VOL , 111 PUBLISHED WKEI&7, > . BY JGJW BObb-E. t CONDITION 3.’ 4 p* ■ - ‘ ■ JSi ji 4 The Annual fiubscriptiomwill be Tunas J suLLABi, half in advauce. # * Ci. Subscribers living out of the State will pay I the whole subscription upon the delivery of ih* first number. Z&. Ho Subscriptions wi!! be for less than one year; a-rd no p iper stia.ll b« di»- oontinued Imtil u.u ear ages are p&kh •Cth. AdvertiserrFents will be inserted at the customary rates. w ‘ |CT* Letters addressed *to tfk* O u Sot must is post puid . I'rom the Cannecticut Courar.t, ’ jx^ MKXIfiO. A prospective vie# of the probable magnitude of lh*f population % of North- America one century hence, might v*\\ fcil thegpajM of the eontsmoUtHt with * wonder and altonishraeiu Mot to men tion tliciffe United States. of so vast ex tent, and sq rapidly inereasing ih *popu , lation ‘s not to mention the four British provinces, which are likely to become iniproyeso/df time, the Hive ot this weitern continent 5, not to men tion these’ two great, divisions of North- Arae'rica-pMeKico, of itself alone, stands ikir to be jh east empire,, are thsxlpse of Another cintury Mexicoj, o> Mew Spain, according to &rMex r|e, is bounded nroth by un- I ls.nown reitdns,. eastby JL misiaqo and the Gulf iff Mexico, south by the istli H»u« of Dyr ien, which separates n front f Terra Fi South' 4 ’ America,. and Mcsi by t;te Pacific Ocean Its length is and twenty huwired ‘gmiiesj an t as breadth abfut a thousand ; and JU extendx from the niqtUto the, fort’ eth degree of north latitude. Tho following statements respe :ti »2r that counnry contain: only a pi«t of the !* mere outlines of Mk iieuiboldi*s ac count. . * » The population of Mexico, m 1808, consistel of about six million and an half, and so rapid was the inefease of its population at tnat period, tint the average proportion of births to deaths throughout the whole realm,—was i7O to ioo —*This increasing population in . Mexico has been accompanied by a cor respondent improvement of its agricul ture and augmentation ofits produce ; and also by the construction of roads for its interna! Commerce. - The mines of Mexico are the most productive of any that were aver work ed in any ebuntry at anyperfbd of His* * tory. Not that the ore is richer, for it 1 U not so rich as the ore found in some other countries ;but there is an endless ’ abundance of it. The whole number of persons employed, under ground, in digging the or!, or working tho mines is* about 30,000. . A great part of the table land of Mex ico is extremely fertile ; and the whole of that elevated land exceedingly heaK thy. It resembles the France io temperature of climate. There is ah extreme inequality of wealth in Mexico- Che count of Val enciana has enjoyed an annual income of four hundred and twenty, thousand dollars a *ycar. The marquis ot Fag- U«ga drew, in six from a sin gle mine, a Clear income of eitjht, bun dled and thir|y thousand pounds stor ing. Many othetf Mexicans are irti* . rich. Close to thi6 immense -wealth, however, is seen the most wretch ed poverty* In the city of Mexico alone, there are from twenty to thirty thou sand squalid beggars. -The shores of Mexico are exceedingly dangerous to navigators, on account of the violent winds and storms that prevail during great part of the year ; and its eastern eoast ia totally of harbors, and hardly affords any- tolerable shelter for ships of burden. On iis western . coast it has some excellent harbors ; but that coast is exposed 6 to violent tempest a * <Jonsiderable part of the year. M If we in a preparative df view, the tjwo neighboring countries Mexico aad the United States—vrhoau t-itwws* ‘ 1 nmrrm immrT *,’ * ■* <N '-« Mmm lUURSim OCTOBER 24 1816 population is. ‘numerically. almost equal —we find, that while the formers has some pre-eminent advantages, Jive, latter has ynspeakabjy the advantage with try else in of Nature given so mvnyand so great ad interior and foreign Mavi gation as to thct which belongs to these United States*, ajul no people else are more gifted with the spirit of enterprize to seize and to improve advantages ol this nature. : W Jjsfe#r * : Hofreyjpr the late or present eommq* Mexifco may terminate. it is idle to think that the Mexicans Wit)jdngwe mam under the Spanish yoK% iruu il ripe or nearly ripe, and it must soon drop off from the parent tree. -This % the course of nature* which no hu man efforts can*'reverse or centra “ vene. f” ‘ ‘■£, “ u s>(arantine. July 2$ ; ha< Been a ad ntf ir at Algiers, with the t>guih Lord Exnioir h, with feat Unejpf battleships, tj%e#,fag*tr.s, and seven b mb ships laying i- the harbour o Sfcth someoi his officers W6tntoh%hore artdlafter some with the Dcy, respe€u|g a argocia* tio for a treaty similar: to tha* by the United States, an altercation took pLce— The Dey ordered Lord exniou hon board! and t quit his Mamin ions, rwo Sfhi>-ftost captains, after losing. their fi igers, and one his battle wita by the strike of ?abers,) were auj with their hands behind the • ‘ and sent on board.: What is the most sur prising pari of this rencontre, is, that th§|£ id not me up* on the town front We should have judged so, even had tivy by so doing exceeded their orders md even their force which cer aiWy u us appears sufficient for uie Algerines I a*n, however, told by an offio r ot the Ontario, who was alohg side; that the fortifications of Al giefa very capital, and are still improving A large cs«pedi lion is fitting out in England, destination said to be tin kown.” An arrival at Philadelphia, from Lisbon on brot 100,000dol in specie to Ste phen Girard. Another arrival from Antwerp also brings a con siderable quantity of Specie Stgtth, Pat 1 ■ 1 ■* SO22E ACCOUNT OF THE PONDOIfDES, A trib* efsuUite men , or Indians living between the river St . Peter and Missu ri. Jn a conversation with an Indian tra hlerf of considerable knowledge and acute observation, 1 received the muj a< count of a tcibc of Indians, hith- not takea notice df by any histori- Isk. It has appeared to me sufficiently interesting to be more generally known, particular!/ as the relater is a man of undou’Sed veracity, who has seen and traded with the people described, h he Pendondes are of short statue, fair complexion, and short curled hair, of a -light brown colour They live in exca vations made in the sides of the banks of rivers and lakes, from a dread, of their ccenues/thc andC^*n%j. I They dress altogether Tn blue, use jno paint. and. wear no ornaments of any kind Their spatterdashes or leggings, as they arc usually termed, are seared up at the side, after the manner of *Oura tpanfoloons* and not like those of the other Indians, who show the hems on the out side Their language is a peculiar one, resembling the Scotch more than any other, iri sound, though there is no re semblance in The Siap* . rail th tm bastard white men ; but my 1 m formant does not hesitate to hay tha?d thisis tr ue character. He hasd about” four hundred of them on a | hunting party ; but is un|bleHo teH of j what number their* nation consists.— « They pluck their beard like other Indi ans, arid do not appear to be of a m * e religiously™. They are not warriors. Hfcy neither frolic, sing nor dance, a* the other Indians do, but are a reserved, sober people.’ 0 “ Thrs trader was uot able to asceitahi the exact place of their residence ; but he thinks it is between three and four uiindred miles below the Mondall towns. • le met with them on the great prairies , iyirig between the river Peter and „he Missouri ; he left the former riven* at the Cut Banks, on the head waters, orid struck the missouri at a right angle. In the neighborhood are many .exten sive fortifications. The French call them Pbvmees, ('slaves \) but this ought not to be con sidered their pioper name, as it is ap-* plied to all prisoners or captives- The Sioux and themse Ives agriee in calling meir name the signification “of which word Lhave not been able ttf learn. • The.river St* Peter” is called by the Sioux , IVatcrbanminishotc— the river with troubled waters, u Portico . BA TELE OF THE TIAJIIS. Several accounts of this important k decisive''conflict were published soon af ter its occurrence but the, following contains some particulars «*efptive to the movements of the troops which have not before been published. It is from a wo k lately written by Mr. Thompson, and printed at, Philadelphia. - ‘ 4 When general Harrison had come up with the main body, and was advised ot the advantageous position al’ the en-r emy, he ordered colonel Paul, with 15© regulars* to occupy a space between the road and the river , to advance upon arid divert the enemy, and op an opper ? tunny to size the cannon which defended his left flank. Lt. colonel James John son was directed to form major Payne's battalion of the mounted regiment, and major Suggett's three spy companies, into six charging columns, immediately in front of the British line of regulars and an Indian flank $ whilst general Henry Vcfivision «f infantry should be Stationed for his support* in hi* rear*.; Colonel K M. Johnson was charged with the formation of another battalion in front of the Indians, who were array ed ori the margin of the swamp. He accordingly dismounted one company under command of captain Stucker* with which he stretched a line in the face ot the Indians and ordered major Thompson to form the remaining four: companies, on borsback, into two char ging columns of doable files, immedi ately in the rear of the line on foot. The left of this battallion was supported by the infantry of general Desha. « Thus disposed, with the main ar my in their rear, these divisions moved forward to the attack. The British gave the first file, upon which the .charge was quickly ordered, and in a Iftvr minutes the enemy’s line was pier*** ced by upwards of one thousand horse men, who dashing through the British ; regulars with irresistible speed cither trampled under foot er cut down every soldier who opposed them : and having or wounded upwards of fifty at one charge* instantly formed in their -rear, and repeated the attack. Such was the panic which pervaded the whole line of the enemy, that an order, which had been issued to fix bayonet, was not? attempted to be executed ; and in a little while, colonels Evans* Warburton and Baubee, and majors Muir and Chambers Surrendered wim 47? prisoners. •The charge had no sooner been made % th*m general Proctor, fearing the coast . i Ml •, ‘••'C - ‘ . <■, fik quinces of his conduct in Michigan, if he should be taken in thic ba’ tle. aban doned hiwoommiad and made his escape in a carriage, under a strohgr of dragoons. “Whilst this brilliant charge was “making on tnehright, the action was ras ing with great violence on the left. Between the Indians there, and the mounted men and u» a ” gainst 1 hem *it pftA moqt ob-J stinately contended The Indians were commanded bv TecumseV 1 who fought with more tbap his accustomed skill. Sc havir%po*ted his warrior; in the best possible situations to repulse an attack he indicated his willingness to receive the assault of the American cavalry. Johnson, who*Jsaw that the In dians would dispute the ground with bravery than the.Ucfti b regulars placed himself atithe head of his bital ion,and ltd it lin to a vigorous charge upon Tecumseh’s Hank. Timt chief at the same moment dealt out a tremchw dous fire, which, though severe m its effect, did not retard s he movement of the; advancing columns - But *t\- d.fi cuitv of penetrating ihe thicket and swamp, threw an impedient in ‘he way of a successful result td an onset; with dragoons, and the'attempt to break the Indian line* in ceil sequence, failed, An engagement immediately took pi vco Rbwever in which, .after exchanging several rounds with Tecum seV> ban i colonel Johnson ordered both his e<» lumns to dismount, and leading them up a second time he made a desperate hut successful attempt to break through the Indians- Having gained the .....rear of their line, his next ord-.r directed his men to fight them in their, own mode The contest became now more obstinate. Notwithstanding their line had been thus pierced, and their warriors were falling in considerable numbers, the In dians djd not think themselves yet dis ,COn\fitt£d, and quickly collecting their principai strenth upon the right, made an attempt to penetrate the line c£ infantry under general ,Do|iia In this ( they had partially succeeded, a part of that line having faultercd, when gover nor. Shelby brought up three couipan.us of his vofunteers to ils; support, and in turn threw .back the Indians. “ Meanwhile colonel R Mi Johnson had been five times wounded, and in that state, covered witji blood,-.and ex hausted by pain and fatigue,he person-, ally encountered Tecumselj. . The ealo-* he! was mounted on awhile charger at , which, being a conspicuous object the indians had continually levelled their fire. v A shower of bullets had fallen a round him ; his holsters, his Cloths, and most of his accoutrements, were pierced in several places ; and his liorsc receiv ed a second wound. Tecumseh, haring discharged his rifle, sprang forward w:;b a,tomahawk, and had it ready to tir when colonel Johnson’s horse stagger* and batk and immediately the colonel dye * forth.a pistol, shot the Indian thivii. u the head, and both fell to the grouricUo gether. 1 * .. y, ■iMiin’ IMPORTANT FROM SOUTH AMKRICA Extract of a letter to a respectable House in Baltimore , received via New- Tork x da ted Buenos Avres , Jdly 26, 18 i.6.* “ On the §th inst. the Congress at fucuman declared the Provinces oj Rio De La Plauto a free and indeperdent gov* ernment ; which was accordingly com municated officially,} to our Consul on the 10th, and goes by this opportunity* to our government.’’ [Balt, Pat • Various conjectures are afloat relative to the person who is tojje called to the Head of the Treasury, in the place of Mr. Dallas, whose valuable services the government is about to lose by his re signation, which, it is said, takes place about the first of next month. The same of Mr. Lowndes, the worthy Re presentative in Congress from South- Carolina, has been positively mentioned in some prints as his successor ; from what authority we know not, but we ra j ther think without any better than con jecture affords. The successor of Mr. Dallas has not been designated, nor is j it easy to say who, from the wide range of .competent mtiscns, will be selected for the important Station he has fibed. i [Nat, Inteflifencer*