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The Augusta News-Review - January 27, 1979 ■
Blacks unite behind King holiday
From the Atlanta Journal
From the Ebenezer Baptist
Church to the Georgia and U.S.
Capitols, the call went up
Monday to make Martin
Luther King Jr.’s birthday a
state and national holiday.
Black leaders from the state,
the nation and the world
gathered first at the Auburn
Avenue Church, then marched
to the Capitol on the day that
King would have turned 50 had
he lived.
It is past time, they all said,
that Georgia recognize its only
Nobel Peace Prize winner by
declaring Jan. 15 an official
holiday.
“We come to the governor
to petition him to make this a
holiday,” Atlanta Mayor
■
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AT GRAVE SITE - Members of the family of Dy.
Martin Luther King Jr. attend services at Dr. King’s
grave. Mrs. Coretta King is at left, Martin Luther King
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Maynard Jackson said. “Not
just because it is right, but
because we have the political
might. ...Let us keep on
fighting, let us never stop.”
U.N. Ambassador Andrew
Young referred to this same
theme of black political power
as told an Ebenezer
congregation, “You remember
how it was. When we didn’t
vote at all, we were
niggers... Now, every politician
in America is proud to be
associated with his black
brothers and sisters.”
The Georgia General
Assembly steadfastly has
refused to make King’s
birthday a holiday, even
though it is observed as such in
the Atlanta and Fulton County
governments.
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Indeed; the powerful
Legislative Services Committee
has proposed a shuffle of state
holidays that affects three
traditional Confederate
holidays but makes no
provision for King’s birthday.
The House and Senate
leaders on the committee say
they will introduce a bill
eliminating Robert E. Lee’s
birthday, Confederate
Memorial Day and Jefferson
Davis’ birthday as official state
holidays.
Instead, an American
Heritage Day would be
observed on the Friday after
Thanksgiving. In addition, two
extra holidays would be given
at Christmas.
Opponents of a holiday are
now expected to argue that
Sr. (center) and U.N. Ambassador Andrew Young is at
right Photo by Mike Carr
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King could be remembered on
American Heritage Day, along
with other Southern heroes
such as Lee and Davis.
The estimated crowd of
5,000 that gathered at the state
Capitol Monday had to settle
for a proclamation from Gov.
George Busbee designating Jan.
15 as “Martin Luther King Day
in Georgia.”
But as Busbee finished
reading his proclamation, the
crowd started chanting, “Want
want a holiday, we want a
holiday!”
The speakers at the Capitol
rally were quick to play to the
mood of the crowd.
See “KING”
Page 5
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Carter gets
‘poor 9
message
ATLANTA - Nearly a
thousand marchers carried a
“Poor People’s Message” to
President Carter on his visit to
Atlanta for activities
commemorating Martin Luther
King J ’s Jan. 15, 50th
birthday.
Led by the Southern
Christian Leadership
Conference (SCLC), local
NAACP and other
organizations, they were
protesting the Carter
Administration’s proposals to
reduce the Federal budget
deficit by cutting into
domestic social programs.
“Unless we get a more
sensitive response from the
Carter Administration and
Congress, it may be time to
seriously consider asking
thousands of Americans to
embark on a cavalcade of
conscience,” SCLC president
Dr. Joseph E. Lowery said,
recalling that Augusta will
mark the 16th anniversary of
the march on Washington
where Dr. King delivered his “I
Have A Dream” speech.
<■ Dr. Lowery made his
remarks to a rally of those who
had marched through windy
30-degree weather from a
downtown park to police
barricades set up around
Ebenezer Baptist Church.
Carter was inside the church
receiving the Martin Luther
King Jr. Center for Social
Change’s Non-violent Peace
Award.
Mr. Carter began his
acceptance speech by
adrritting that, “I accept this
award not as an honor earned,
but as an affirmation that 1
share the hopes and dreams of
Martin Luther King Jr., and
that 1 recognize the progress
still left to be made.”
More blacks moving South
In an historic reversal of the
Great Migration of Blacks from
the South to the big
northeastern and midwestern
cities that began more than
half a century ago, there are
now more blacks returning
south than are leaving.
The outmigration of blacks
from the big industrial cities
has been a consistent trend of
the 7O’s, but a census bureau
study of geographical mobility
from 1975-1978 shows that for
the first time since World War
I, thousands more blacks are
heading “down home” than are
leaving.
The study also shows there
are more blacks now going
west as a migratory destination
than to the northeast and
midwest, and that there is an
increase of Blacks now living in
MSB nil mu downtown
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HUNDREDS OF MARCHERS head for Atlanta’s Ebenezer Baptist Church to
carry a “Poor People's Message” to President Carter. Leading the line are (L-R)
NAACP presidents John Evans (DeKalb) and Julian Bond (Atlanta); Rev. Ivery
Simmons, who brought a delegation to the march from South Carolina; SCLC
president Dr. Joseph E. Lowery; Dr. Ralph 1). Abernathy, SCLC president-emeritus;
and Atlanta civil rights activist Rev. Ted Clark. (Harold Moon/scLC photo)
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AWARD WINNERS - The National Association of University Women celebrated
National Day Sunday al Williams Memorial C.M.E. Church. Awards were presented
to (from left) Mrs. Juanita B. Hunt, scholarship recipient; Miss Myrtle Turner,
Student of the Year; Mrs. Ruth Crawford, Woman of the Year; and Mrs. Gwendolyn
Roundtree, Citizen of the Year. Mrs. Willie B. Polk is president oi the local chapter.
Photo by Mike Carr
suburbia, as compared to the
6O’s when blacks Hocked to
the inner cities.
Beginning with the first
World War, blacks fled the
vigilantism of the racist whites
and the economic
discrimination of the south for
the promise of jobs, public aid
and social equality of the
Northern industrial cities. The
pattern slowed with the Great
Depression and following tight
economic times of the thirties,
then the black exodus from the
south greatly increased with
World War 11 and continued on
through the 1960’5.
But with the advent of the
70’s, there was a trend of more
Blacks leaving the northeast
than coming in. And as the
decade wore on, there were
more Blacks migrating back to
the southern states than going
north According to Larry H.
Long, a sociologist with the
U.S. Bureau of Census and an
author of the recent study on
geographical mobility, between
1975 and 1978, for the first
time in more than 50 years,
there were more blacks leaving
the northeast for the south,
about 270,000, than left the
South for the north and west,
which were a out 240,000.
He said that the regions’s big
drawing card is jobs and that
many industrial giants are
expanding southward, creating
greater economic advantages,
many blacks have a natural
affinity for the region and that
two out of three blacks moving
south are returning “down
home ”
The south also has a better
public image, inspiring
references to a “New South,”
which is coping better than
other regions with racial
antagonisms, school
desegregation, while it has
many professional positions,
careers in corporate
management and possibility of
winning public election for
blacks that was previously
denied.
Long said that the
educational level of blacks
moving South is higher than
those remaining in the
northeast, and that young,
college-educated immigrants to
the region can better take
advantage of employment
opportunities.
Long, who said he “gew”
up in Texas, moved to
Philadelphia then relocated to
Washington,” pointed out that
although black migratory
trends are reversing, the
percentage of blacks in
thyinner city will be higher in
the 1980 census, while the
number of blacks in urban
populations appears to have
stabilized.
Census figures show that the
black urban population
increased about six percent
between 1970 and 1974, but
shows no change from 1974 to
1977, which is a reversal in
trends for the past several
decades.
The study covering 1975 to
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1978 also showed that only
61,000 blacks came to die
northeast and 177,000 left.
Immigration to the North
Central states was 154,000
with 161,000 blacks moving
out. There were about 180,000
blacks going west for the
period, compared to 85,000
leaving.
Dr. Pierre DeVise, an urban
sciences professor at Chicago’s
Circle Campus, said that true
to relocation trends, more
Blacks are leaving Chicago than
coming north to live. He
cautioned however, like Long,
that this does not indicate a
dwindling of the black
population of Chicago, but
that decreasing job
opportunities, high crime and
unemployment rates, and
faltering educational systems
are driving blacks, and whites,
to the south and west.
‘Blacks come of Chicago
originally because it was a good
place to get a job, said
DeVise, adding that now, there
are very few jobs. He said also
that economic calamity
threatening big cities like
Chicago forces many residents
to seek lives in the south and
the southwest where their
incomes will go a bit farther.
De Vise said also that a great
proportion of Blacks leaving
the city are families with
school-age children who go to
other regions seeking
educational environments, if
not better schooling.
“School is a dangerous
place,” said DeVise of
educational institutions in
Chicago. “Parents figure their
children may not learn more in
other regions, but at least their
kids will be safe.”
It is the flight from urban
pressures, according to DeVise
that has caused an increase in
the nunber of Blacks in
suburbia. Since more blacks
have reached the middle-class
and can afford to leave the
teeming inner city, they are
moving out.
Census figures show a 34
percent increase in the
suburban black population
across the country between
1970 and 1977.
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