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THE NEWS.
TOCCOA, GEORGIA.
The Secretary of the National Prison
Association estimates that the ceusus of
1890 will show a prison population of
about 100,000. an increase of about 30,-
000 in ten years.
_
The volume of trade on the Great
Lakes is increasing enormously. There
will be built this winter thirty-five new
vesse,ls, with a tonnage of 66,000 tons
and at a cost of $4,600,000, for next sea¬
son’s business.
The horror which Editor Stead, of the
Tall Mall Gazette , expresses at the idea of
anyone’s going into journalism for the
purpose of making money, is justified by
the opinion of the Washington Star by
the experince of a great many persons
who try it.
Amelie Rives Chanler, the novelist, is
passionately fond of the violin. It is
said that “she will jump up in bed in
the middle of the night, seize her violin,
always at the head of the bed, and fiddle
away with surprising energy.” The
other day it was announced that Mr.
Chanler had gone to Central Africa.
Professor Thompson, of the geological
fcurvey, who has been at work near Reno,
Nev., making surveys and maps for the
purpose of establishing reservoir sites for
the purposes of irrigation, is very en¬
thusiastic regarding the work, and says
the result will exceed his most sanguine
expectations. He is confident that
through irrigation millions of acres of
arid lands on the Pacific coast can be re¬
claimed and made productive.
/ The popular belief thet ironclad men-
of-war arc an invention of the last half
of the nineteenth century is evidently not
founded upon fact. Divers have re¬
cently been at work in the harbor of
Trieste, Austria’s seaport, and have
brought up portions of the French
frigate which was wrecked seventy-eight
years ago. The wreck had sunk so
deeply in the sand as to be well preserved,
and it has been found that the hull was
of wood and was heavily plated with
iron.
Rice planters in the South are accus¬
tomed to burn their rice straw to get it
out of the way. We understand, says
the Manufacturer*' Record, that recent
practical tests have demonstrated that
this straw makes excellent paper mate¬
rial. One paper company has gone so
far as to order some 3000 or 4000 tons of
this straw to further experiment. Rice
Btrf w may yet prove to be a cotton seed
in miniature. At any rate, the results of
these experiments will be watched with
interest.
The Yankees of Asia, as the Japs are
Sometimes called, have been more tor¬
mented with the disastrous antics of the
elements this year than even the Ameri¬
cans. Japan has had a series of earth¬
quakes and floods and a tidal wave lias
added hundreds more to the thousands
ilready killed by falling mountains aud
rivers pushed out of the place. The his-
fcrry of this year is one of disaster all
pver the globe. Almost no nation has
iscaped, but Japan has suffered perhaps
Jftove than any other when her area is
ionsidered. There is a feeling of warm
friendship for Japan in the United States,
which makes Americans regret the cal¬
amities that have overtaken this inter¬
esting people.
W. W. McNair, famous for his daring
explorations, died recently in India. His
death was caused by overtaxing his
powers by mountain climbing, exposure
end lack of food while prosecuting sur¬
veys during the last two years in Af¬
ghanistan. By shaving his head and
staining his body, McNair, in the dis¬
guise of an Indian doctor, spent two
months exploring the sweet valley of
Kafinstau. No European had ever man¬
aged before to set foot there, on ac-
count of hostility to the native tribes.
He found that the people there num-
bered about 200,000, and were nearly
white in color. The women were very
beautifsl. His disguise was penetrated
before he completed his investigations,
and he was compelled to flee for his
life. With only two native assistants
also explored the Asphan and His-
rak valleys.
ictoria is an Australian colony with
size and the population of Kansas in
|880, or an area of 87,000 square mile*
and a population of 1,000,000. But in¬
stead of letting corporations build the
railroads and giving land away to get
them to do this, Victoria has kept its
land and built its own railroads. The
result is that this thriving little commun¬
ity of about 1,000,000 souls, or the popu¬
lation of Philadelphia, had last year an
income of $41,000,000, and of this sum
$16,500,000 was in the shape of profits
an the> State railroads. Seven years ago
the income from the railroads was onlv
$9,000,000; in 1886-7 it was $1^,265,-
000 and for the year just closed it has
grown up to nearly double the income of
HI env. years ago, and, as no one can build
roa ds^b ut the State, and the State is an
enterprising builder and a good manager,
the profits on the railroads will in time
P a y ah the expenses of the Government.
In addition, Victoria owns not only the
postofBee, as the people do here, but all
the express and telegraph business, and
the profit on these fci this wise, thrifty
little State last year was $2,140,000.
PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE.
A GREAT MANY TOPICS OF
INTEREST CONSIDERED.
Foreign Relations—The [Slave
Trade—The Chinese —The
Negrc—Revenues—-Brazil—
England—The Navy , Etc.
To the Senate ami House of Representatives:
There arc few transactions in tlie administra¬
tion of the government that are even tempo¬
rarily held in the confidence of those charged
with the conduct of tlie public business. Every
step taken is tinder the observation of an intelli¬
gent and watchful jteople. The state of the union
is known front day to rtay, and suggestions as to
needed legislation find an earlier voice than that
which speaks in these annual communications
of the president to congress.
FOREIGN RELATIONS.
fiood will and cordiality have characterized
our relations and correspondence with other
governments, and the year just closed leaves
few international questions of impertauco re¬
maining unadjusted. Xo obstacle is believed to
exist that can long postpone the consideration
and adjustment of the still pending questions
upon satisfactory and honorable terms. Tlie
dealings of this government with other states
have lieen, and should always lie, marked by
frankness and sincerity, our purpose avowed and
our methods free from intrigue. This course has
home rich fruit in the past, and it is our duty as
a nation to preserve the heritage of good repute
which a century of right dealing with foreign
governments has secured to us.
□It is a matter of high significance and no Jess
of congratulation, that the first \-ear of the sec¬
ond century of our constitutional existence finds
as honored guests within onr borders, the rep¬
resentatives of all the independent suites of
X'orth ami South America, met together in ear¬
nest conference, touching the methods of per-
petuating anti expanding the relation of
mutual interest and friendliness existing among
them. That the opportunity thus afforded for
promoting closer international relations and the
increased prosperity of the states represented
will be used for the mutual-good of all, I cannot
permit myself to doubt. Our people will await
with interest and confidence the results to flow
from so aspicions a meeting of allied and, in
a large part, identical interest ,
Tlie recommendation's Of this international
conference of enlightened statesmen will doubt¬
less have the considerate attention of congress
and its co-operation in the removal of unneces¬
sary barriers to beneficial intercourse between
the nations of America; but while the commer¬
cial results which it is hoped will follow this
conference are worthy of the pursuit and of the
great interest they have excited, it is believed
that the crowning benefit will lie found in the
lietter securities which may be devised for the
maintenance of peace among all American na¬
tions and the settlement of all contentions by
methods that a Christian civilization can ap¬
prove. While viewing with interest our national
resources and products, the delegates will, 1 Am
sure, find a higher satisfictioff ill the evidences
of unselfish friendship whifiil everywhere attend
their intercourse With our people.
Another international conference, having great
possibilities for good, has lately assembled, and
is now in session in this capital. An invitation
was extended by the government, under the act
of congress of July 9, 1888, to all maritime
nations, to send delegates to cortfef touching the
revision and amendment <*f the Eules and regu¬
lations governing Vessels at sea, and to adopt a
uniform system of marine signals. The response
to this invitation has Itcen very general and
very cordial, Delegates from twenty-six
nations are present in the con-
ference, and they have entered upon their useful
work with great zeal and with an ardent appre¬
ciation of its importance. So far as the agree¬
ment give it to Vie reached co-obefatiofi may require legislation to
effect, the Vlf congress is
confidently relied Upfitt. It is an interesting, il
not, indeed- ah Unprecedented fact that the two
international conferences have brought togetliei
here the accredited representatives of thirty-
three nations. Bolivia, Ecuador and Honduras
are now represented by resident envoys of the
plenipotentiary grade. All the states of the
American system now maintain diplomatic rep¬
resentation at this capitol.
In this connection it may Vie noted that all the
nations of the western hemisphere, with one ex¬
ception. sent to Washington envoys extraordi¬
nary and ministers plenipotentiary, being the
highest grade accredited to this* government.
The United States, on the contrary-, sends en-
voys of a lower grade to settle cf but sister re¬
publics, Our minister representative in Paraguay and
Uruguay send is A resident, while to Bolivia
we a minister resident and consul general.
In view of the importance of our
relations with the states of the American
system, our diplomatic agents in those
countries should be of the Uniform tank
of envoy extraordinary and mhvistef plenipoten¬
tiary. Certain missions vu-Ve sb elevated by the
last congress with happy effeet.aml I recommend
the completion ihelUsioh nf the reform thus begun, with
the also of Hawaii and Hayti, in view
of their relations to the American systems of
states. J also recommend that timely provision
lie made for extending to Hawaii any invitation
to Vie represented in the international congress
now sitting at this capitol.
Onr relations with Chiba have the attentive
consideration which their magnitude and inter¬
est demand. The failure Of the treaty negotia¬
ted under the administration of my predecessor
for the further anti more complete restriction of
Chinese labor immigration, and With it the legis¬
lation of the last session of co/igress dependent
thereon, leave some questions upon which con¬
gress should now approach in that wise and just
spirit which should cliaraeteri.V the relations of
two great and friendly powers. While out
supreme interests demand the exclusion of a
laboring element which experience has shown to
be incompatible With ohr social life, all steps
to compass this imperative need should be ac¬
those companied with a recognition of the claim ol
strangers now lawfully among us to hu¬
mane and just treatment. The accession of tin
young emjieror of China marks, we may hope,
an era of progress and prosperity for the great
country over which he is called to rule.
The present state of affairs in respect to th<
Samoan Islands is encouraging. The conference
which was held in this city in the summer of 1887
between the representatives of the United States
Germany and Great Britain having been ad-
j .turned because of the persistent divergence oi
viaws 'which was developed in its deliberations,
the subsequent course of events in the Islands
give rise to questions of a serious character.
On the 4th of February last the German minis¬
ter at this capitol. in behalf of his government,
proposed a resumption of the conference at
Berlin. This proposition was accented; as con¬
gress in February last Was informed.
Pursuant to the understanding thus Reached,
commissioners were appointed by me, by and
with the advice and consent of the senate, whe
proceeded to Berlin, where the conference
renewed. The deliberations extended through
several weeks, and resulted in the conclusion ol
a treaty which will be submitted to the senate
for its approval. I trust that the
efforts which have been made to effect
an adjustment of this quetaioh will be pro¬
ductive of the permanent establishment of law
and order in Samoa upon the basis of the main¬
tenance of the rights anil interests of the natives
as well as of these mighty powers.
The questions which have arisen during the
past few days between Great Britain and
the United states are in abeyance
or in course of amicable adjustment.
On the part of the government of the dominion
of Canada an effort has been apparent during
the season just ended to administer the laws
an 1 regulations applicable to the fisheries with
as little occasion for friction as was possible,
and the temperate representations of the gov¬
ern uent in respect of cases of undue hardship
or of harsh interpretation has been in most
cases met with measures of transitory relief. It
is trusted the attainment of our just rights
under existing treaties and in virtue of the con¬
current legislation of the two contiguous coun¬
tries will not be long deferred, and that all ex¬
isting causes of difference may be equitably ad-
j i-ted.
I recommend that provision be made by an in¬
ternational agreement for a survey marking the
water boundary between the United States and
Canada, in the narrow channels that join the
great lakes. The conventional line therein
traced bv the northwestern boundary survey
years ago, is not in all cases readily ascertainable
for the settlement of jurisdictional questions.
EXTRADITION WITH ENGLAND.
A just and acceptable enlargement qf the list
cf offenses for which extradition mat' be claim¬
ed and granted is mpst desirable herween this
country and Great Britain. The territory of
neithej should beecqne a secure harbor" for the
evil doers ef the ether through any avoidable
6 jK>rteoajing in this regard, a new treatv op
this subject l>ctween the two powers has Iteen re¬
cently negotiated and will soon be laid before
the senate.
The importance of tbe commerce of Oil>a and
Porto Rico with the T'uited States, tlieir nearest
and principal market, justifies the expectation
that the existing relations may lie lienefieially
expanded. The impediments resulting from va¬
rying dues on navigation and from the vexatious
treatment of our vessels on merely technical
grounds of complaint in West India ports should
be removed.
The progress toward an adjustment of impend¬
ing claims between the United States and Spain
is not as rapid as could l>e desired.
Questions affecting American interests in
connection with railways constructed aud oper¬
ated by our citizens in Pern have claimed the
attention of the government. It is urged that
other governments, in pressing Peru to the pay¬
ment of their claims, have disregarded the pro¬
priety rights of American citizens. The mattei
Will lie carefully investigated with a view to se¬
curing a proper and equitable adjustment.
A similar issue is now pending with Portugal.
The Delagoa Bay railway, in Africa, was con¬
structed under a concession by Portugal to an
American citizen. When nearly completed the
road was seized by the agents of the Portugese
government. Formal protest has l>een ni» • e
through our minister at Lisbon against th
and no proper effort will be spared to
proper relief.
NICARAGUA CANAL.
In pursuance of the charter granted by
gress, and under the terms of its contract with
the government of Nicaragua, the Inter-Oceanic
Canal company has begun the construction oi
the important water-way ltetween the two oceans
which its organization contemplates, Grave
complications for a time seemed imminent, in
view 1 of a supposed conflict of jurisdiction be¬
tween Nicaragua and Costa Rica in regard to Uie
accessory privileges to be conceded by the latter
republic toward the construction of works on the
San .Tuan river, of which the right bank is Costa
Rican territory. I am happy to learit that a
friendly arrangement has been affected between
the two nations. This government has held the
adjustment of all questions that might present
obstacles to the completion of a work of such
transcendent importance to tlie commerce of
this country, and indeed, to the commercial in¬
terests of the world.
The traditional good feeling between this
country and the French republic lias received
additional testimony in the participation of Otll
government and people in the international ex¬
position held at Paris during the past summer.
The success of our exhibitors have been gratify¬
ing. The report of the commission will he laid
before congress in due season.
THE SLAVE TRADE.
This government has accepted, under propel
reserve as to its policy in foreign territories, the
invitation of the government of Belgium to take
part in an international congress, which opened
at Brussels on the 16tli of November, for the
purpose of devising measures to promote the
abolition of the slave trade in Africa,
and to prevent the shipment of slaves by sea.
Our interest in the extinction of this crime
against humanity in the regions where it sur¬
vives, has been increased by the results of eman¬
cipation within our own borders.
With Germany tile iliost Cordial relation-
continue, Tlie questions arising from the re¬
turn to the ehipire of Germans naturalized in
this country afe considered and disposed of in a
temperate spirit, to tlie entire satisfaction ol
both governments.
It is a source of great satisfaction that tin
internal disturbances of the republic of Hayti
are at last happily ended, and that an apparently
stable government has been constituted. It has
been dul\ fecognized by the United States.
An American commission is now in session in
this capital for the settlement of long standing
claims against the republic of Venezuela, and
it is hoped th it a satisfactory conclusion will be
'speedily reached. This government has not
hesitated to express an earnest desire that the
boundary dispute now pending between Great
Britain and Venfcitela accordance may be adjusted tlie historic amicably
and in strict With title
of the paftiCT.
The advancement of the empire of Japan has
been evidenced by the recent promulgation of a
new constitution containing valuable principles
of liberty and providing for a responsible minis¬
try to conduct the government.
It is earnestly recommended that our judicial
rights and processes In Corea lie established on a
firm basis by providing the machinery necessary
to carry out treaty stipulations in that regard.
The friendliness of the Persian government
continues to be shown by its generous treatment
of Americans disposition engaged in missionary labors and
the cordial Of the shah to encourage
the enterprise of our citizens in the development
of Persian resources.
A discus ion Is in progi v § touching ihe juris¬
dictional treaty Ah rights Of the United States in
Turkey. eahiest effort will he made to tie-
fine these rights to the satisfaction of both gov¬
ernments.
Questions continue to arise in our relations
with several countries in respect to the rights
of naturalized citizens. Especially is this
the ease with France, ffalv. Russia ahd Tur¬
key, ahd to a less extent with Switzerland.
From time to time, earnest efforts have been
made to regulate this subject hv conventions
with these countries. An improper use of
naturalization should not be permitted, but it is
most important that those who have been duly
naturalized should everywhere Ite accorded re¬
cognition of the rights pertaining to the citizen¬
ship of the country <>f their adoption.
The appropriateness ot special con-
ventions for that purpose is recognized in¬
treaties which this government has Concluded
with a tatlmher of telifopeafi states, and it is ad¬
visable that the difficulties which now arise in
our relations with other ertufitfies oil tlie same
subject should he similarly adjusted.
BraziliA X ReVoluTIox.
The recent revolution in Brazil in favor of the
establishment of a republican form of govern-
ment is an event of great interest tb the United
States. Our minister at Rio de Janeiro was at
once instructed to maintain friendly diplomatic
relations with the provisional government and
the Brazilian representatives at this
capital were instructed by the provisional gov
eminent to continue their functions.
Our friendly intercourse with Brazil has,
therefore, suffered no interruption. Our minis¬
ter has been further instructed to extend, on the
part of this government, a formal and cordial
recognition of the new republic, so soon as the
majority of the people of Brazil shall have sig¬
nified their assent to its establishment and main¬
tenance.
Within our own borders a geherai condition of
prosperity prevails. The harvests of the last
summer were exceptionally abundant, and the
trade conditions how prevailing tile seem to promise
a successful seasoh to merchant alid manti-
facturer and geherai employment to our work¬
ing people;
REVENUES AND EXPENDITURES.
The report of the secretary of the treasury de¬
partment for the year ending June 30,1889, has
been prepared and will be presented fiscal .tb congress.
It presents with clearness the operations
of the government, and I avail myself of it to
obtain some facts for use here. The aggregate
receipts from all sources for the year -were §387,-
050.058,84; derived as follows; From customs,
§223,832.731.69; from internal revenue, §130,881,-
513.92; from miscellaneous sources, §32,335,803.23
The ordinary expenditures for the same period
were §281,996.615.60; and the total expenditures,
including the sinking fund, were §329,579,929.25.
The excess of receipts over expenditures was,
after providing for the sinking fund, §57,470, -
129.50.
For the current fiscal year the total revenues,
actual and estimated, are §385,000,000, and the
ordinary expenditures, actual and estimated, are
§293,000,000; making, with the sinking ftind,
total expenditures §341,321,116.99; leaving an es¬
timated surplus of §43,678.883.01.
During the fiscal year there was applied to the
purchase of bonds, in addition to those for the
finking fund, $90.456.172.35; and during the first
quarter of the current year the sum of $37,838,-
137.77, all of which were credited to the sinking
!uncL
The revenues for the fiscal year ending June
!0,1891. are estimated by the treasury depart¬
ment at §385,000,000; and the expenditures for
the same period, including the sinking fund, at
§341,430,477.70. This shows an estimated surplus
xor that year of §43.569.522.30, which is more
likely to be increased than reduced, when the
actual transactions are written up.
The existence of so large an actual and antici¬
pated surplus should have the immediate atten¬
tion of congress, with a view to reducing the rer
eeipts of tbe treasury to the needs of the gov¬
ernment as closely as may be. The collection of
moneys not needed for publie uses imposes an
unnecessary burden upon our people, and the
presence of so large a surplus in the public vault
the condnct of P«; ivate
circular!^ f ^rv^esnoT
for putting ,t into of
able propriety. w 0 should not collect revenue,
for the purpose of anticipating our bonds, be-
yoad the-requirements cf the sinking fund; but •
thoniT^S^ 0 ^ 114 ^ surplus ia tie treasury ]
■fe won: re»l|Kd by »to
offers a substantia! advantage, The loan-
ing of public funds to the banks, with-
out interest njton the security of gov¬
ernment bonds, I regard as an unauthorized
and dangerous expedient. It results in a tem¬
porary and unnatural increase of the banking
capital of favored localities, and compels a cau-
tious and grhdual recall of the deposits to avoid
injury to the commercial interests. It is not to
be expected that hanks having these deposits
will sell their bonds to the treasury so long as
the present highly beneficial arrangement is
conducted. They now praeticallv get interest
both upon the bonds and their proceeds.
Xo further use should be made of
this method of getting the surplus
into circulation, and the deposits now outstand¬
ing should l>e gradually withdrawn aud applied
to the purchase of bonds. It is fortunate that
ucli a use can be made of the existing surplus,
no for some time to come, of anv casual surplus
fiat may exist, after congress has taken the
tecessary -taps for a reduction of the revenue,
'-ucli legislation should be promptlv but very
considerately enacted.
I recommend a revision of our tariff law both
in its administrative features and in the sched¬
ules. The need of the former is generally con-
ceded. and an agreement upon the evils alul in¬
conveniences to lie remedied ami the best meth¬
ods for their correction will probably not be
difficult. Uniformity of valuation at all our
ports is essential, and effective measures should
l>e taken to secure it. It is equally desirable
that questions affecting rates and classifications
should be promptly decided.
The preparation of a new schedule of customs
duties is a matter of great delicacy, because of
its direct effect upon tlie business of the coun¬
try, and of great difficulty, by reason of the wide
divergence of opinion as to the objects that may
properly be promoted by such legislation. Some
disturbance of business may, perhaps, result
from the consideration of this subject by con¬
gress, but this temperary effect will be reduced
to tlie minimum by prompt action and
by the assurance which the coun¬
try already enjoys that any neceessary
changes will be so made as not to impair the
just and reasonable protection of our home in¬
dustries.
The inequalities of the law should be adjusted,
but tbe protective principle should be maintain¬
ed and fairly applied to the products of our
farms as well as of our shops.
These duties necessarily have relation to other
things besides the public revenues. We cannot
limit their effects by fixing our eyes on the pc lb-
lie treasury alone. They have a direct relation
to home productions, to work, to wages, and to
the commercial independence of our country ;
and the wise and patriotic legislator should en¬
large the field of his vision to include all of
ihese.
The necessary reduction in our public reve¬
nues can, I am sure, be made without making
the smallest burden more onerous than the larger
by reason of the disabilities and limitations
which the process of reduction puts upon both
capital and labor. The free list can very safely
be extended by placing thereon articles that do
not offer injurious competition to such domes¬
tic products as our home labor can supply.
TObACCO AND WHISKY TO BE FREE.
The removal of the internal tax upon tobacco
wduld relieve an important agricultural product
from a burden which was imposed only be¬
cause bur reveiiiie from custom duties
was insufficient for the public needs. If
safe provision against fraud can be
devised, the removal of tlie tax upon spirits used
in the arts and in manufactures, would also offer
an unobjectionable method of reducing the sur¬
plus.
THE CURRENCY.
A table presented by the secretary of the t reas¬
ury, showing the amount of money of all kinds
in circulation each year, from 1878 to the present
time, is of interest. It appears that the amount
>f national bank notes in circulation has been
lecreased during that period si 14.109,720, of
which 97)?90,229 Is Chargeable to the last year.
The Withdrawal of hank Circulation will neces¬
sarily continue tiiidef exishhg conditions; It is
probable that tlie adoption of the suggestions
made by the comptroller of currency, viz.: that
the mininum deposit of bonds for the establish¬
ment of banks be reduced anil that an issue of
notes to the par value of the bonds be allowed,
would help to maintain the bank circulation.
But while this withdrawal of bank notes has
been going on there lias been a large increase in
the amount issues of gold of and silver coin in circulation
uni in the gold atul silver certificates.
Money in circulation,
The total amount Of money of all kinds in cif-
mlatioit OH March J, (878; Was 9805,799,807, while
an October 1, 1889, the total Was $1i405,-018,000,
There was an increase of $2fS,417j'V>2 iii gold coill.
af *r>7,554,100 in standard silver dollars, Of $72,-
711,249 in gold certificates; and $(4,673,787 Of .*276,619,715 in sil¬
ver certificates; Iff in United
States notes; making a total of $713,976,403
There was during the same period a decrease of
8114,109,729 in bank circulation and of §642,481 in
subsidiary silver. The net increase was §599,-
>24,193. The circulation per capita has
increased about five dollars during the time
covered by the table referred to. The total coin¬
age of silver dollars was on November 11 ,
§343,638,001; of which §283,539,521 were in the
treasury vaults and §60,098,480 were in circula¬
tion. Of the amount in the vaults, §277,319,946
were represented by outstanding silver certifi¬
cates, leaving §6,219,577 not in circulation and
not represented by certificates.
The law requiring the purchase by the treas¬
ury of two million dollars worth of silver bullion
each month, to Ire coined into silver dollars of
four hundred atid twelve ntul one-half grains,
lias been observed by the department, but
neither the present secretary not any of his pre¬
decessors has deemed it safe to exercise the dis¬
cretion giveil by t lie law td 1 net case tlie monthly
purchase tb four million dollar's:
the Value 6f The siLvfiit doi.Lah;
When the law Was eiiacted (Ffeb. 28, i878) tile
price of siver in tlie market was §1.204-10pe|
ounce, making the bullion value of the dollar 9g
cents. Since that time the price has fallen as
low as 91.2 cents per ounce, reducing the bullion
value of the dollar to 70.6 cents. Within the
last few months the market price has somewhat
advanced. On the 1st day of November last the
bullion value of the silver dollar was 72 cents.
The evil anticipations which have accompanied
the coinage and u-e of the silver dollar lyve not
been realized. As a coin it has not.
had general use, and the public treasury has
been compelled to store it, but this is manifestly
owing to the fact, that its paper representative is
more convenient. The general acceptance and
use of the silver certificate show that silver has
not been otherwise discredited. Home favora¬
ble conditions have Contributed to maintain this
practical equality iii their commercial use be¬
tween gold ahd silVel 1 dollars. Bttt some of these
are trade conditions that statuatory enactments
do not control, and tlie continuance of which fie
cannot betaeTt^iii: cleat that, should ,
I think It is if we faiake tlife
coinage of silver, at the present ratio, free, we
must expect that the difference in the, bullion
values of the gold and silver dollars will be taken
account of in commercial transactions, and I
fear the same result would follow any consider¬
able increase of the present, rate of coinage.Such
a result would be discreditable to our financial
management and disastrous to all business inter¬
ests. We should not tread tlie dangerous
edge of such a peril; and
indeed, nothing more harmful
could happen to the silver interests. Any safe
legislation upon this subject must secure the
equality of the two coins in their commercial
uses.
I have always been an advocate of the use of
silver in our currency. We are large producers
of that metal and should not discredit it. To
Continued on Tt lrd P .ge.
A WI§OW'8 REWARD
A dispatch from Wilkesbarre, Pa., says:
A few months ago, Chief of Police Wat¬
kins, of Parsons, while under the influ¬
ence of liquor, was killed by being
struck by an engine while sitting on the
platform of the Delaware and Hudson
railroad. His widow filed a elaim in
court for $10,000 damages against John
Schumacher, a very wealthy saloon keep¬
er, who had sold her husband liquor
while he waa vlalbly affected three by arbitrators, it. The
ease was ap before
who, widow on Wednesday $2,500. afteraoon, awarded
the
RIVER CF BEER.
An exp’osion in tlie targe brewery ol
Charle# Tefs at Newark, N. J., on Mon-
day damaged the establtabment to the
extent of more than $100,000 and caused
consternation throughout the neighbor-
hood. Simultaneously with the explo*
sion floods of beer gushed from the rear
” i ^'rt thshoiUM pour r below. 3 1 dowi1 ” ree 5 ? -
GENERAL NEWS.
CONDENSATION OF CURIOUS ,
AJVD EXCITING EVENTS.
taws I BOM EYEBYWHEBE—ACCIDENTS, STRIKE 4,
1LRCS, AS D HAPPENINGS OF INTEREST.
The government of Brazil has re¬
adopted the old flag.
Martin Farqubar Tupper, the author,
is dead; aged 79 years.
Thanksgiving day was generally ob¬
served throughout the country.
The Salvation Army headquarters in
London were burned Monday night.
White's drapery establishment at Al¬
dershot. Eng., was burned Thursday.
Loss is £100,000.
There arc 7,500 dockmen and lighter¬
men on a strike at Bristol, Eng. The
trade of the port is paralyzed.
One of ti e buildings of the Hartford,
Conn., carpet works was burned Friday.
Loss $180,000; insurance $175,000.
An explosion took place in a colliery
at Bochum, Prussia, Thursday, in which
fourteen persons were killed aud four in¬
jured.
Lewes, T he ship Germanie is quarantined death from at
Del., on account of a
Asiatic cholera soon after she sailed from
Cuba last July.
'1 lie Duke of Cumberland will insti¬
tute suits in French courts to nullify the
will of the Duke of Brunswick on the
grouud of insanity.
The Truth building, owned by Frank
Wilson, proprietor of Truth , at Toronto,
Canada, w as gutted by fire Friday. Los3
estimated at $9u,000.
The chamber of deputies at Rome,
Italy, on Saturday, voted urgency for
the consideration of the bill to abolish
anti-French differential duties.
The Portugese steamer Alegoas, with
ex-Emperor Doni Pedro and his party on
board, arrived at St. Vincent Saturday.
All members of the party are well.
In Salt Lake, Utah, Judge Anderson
has denied the application of those
Mormons who have taken endowment
oath for admission to citizenship.
King Leopold, of Belgium, has sent a
telegram ulating to Henry M. Stanley, congrat¬
him upon the completion of his
task, and inviiing him to visit Brussels.
The strike among .he employes of the
Western Railroad company, at Paris,
France, has ended by the men yielding
to the terms of the company, The
strikers resumed work.
An official statement by the assessors,
places the assessed valuation this year of
burned property at Lynn, Mass., at
$1,009,500, and the number of buildings
burned 330.
While the collector of the Commercial
National bank was counting $2,800 in the
general office of ihe German-American
bank at Cleveland, O., Saturday after¬
noon, a thief snatched $2,000 and es¬
caped.
The $5,000,000 world’s fair guarantee
ftind at Ne^y York, was more than com¬
pleted Saturday, the grand total is now
$5,028,942. 'i he w oi Id’s fair committee
has decided to continue to receive sub-
script.ons.
Secretary Ivremer, of the flood relief
commission, at Johnstown, Pa., practi-
cally finished, in connection with the
local hoard of inquiry, the distribution
of $1,600,000 in Johnstown, Ihe last
check left his office Saturday.
Saturday J morning ° three boilers, of a
nest . ot „ twenty-one, exploded with ter- ,
fific force at breaker No. 4, at Joansville,
Ra„ operated by J. C. Haydon & Co.
Fireman George Peacock, ’ aged => twenty-
fite.- „ , burned to . the , , build-
was a crisp.
ing . IS . 8 total j 4 « WreCKi i
lire Started , in , tr Kcjport, , jjj. -N. J., ~ rri- .
day morning in Ley ref’s bakery, which
destroyed five buildings and Leyrer caused a
loss of over $05,000 Jacob w r as
burned to death, and Mrs. Ley ter and
Jacob Leyrer, Jr., were terribly burned,
and may die.
The Chicago Times says that Maggie
Schreiner, who poured kerosene oil on
her husband on June 25, 1888, and then
set fire to it, burning him fatally, is
guing the order of Foiesters for $2,000
interest and principle, on a death benefit
of $1,000, which she claims as ben-
(ficiary of the dead man’s estate.
President John W. W. Young, who, with
Cashier Hoerr, both of the Law¬
rence, Mass,, bank, were charged with
einb zz ement and accepting money from
dead ou he floor of his hovel at Potto-
town, Pa., with a leather strap loosely
fastened around his neck. Some riwin-
tain that it was suicide, while others say
that it is a c.isu of foul play, though sui¬
cide is the generally accepted theory.
UntiL recently Chaua was a fine specimen that
of physical manhood. It is related
< ne day he lurse 1 his creator in a terri¬
ble ma ner when he fe.l over, struck
dumb and paralyzed from head to foot.
He remained in this condition until his
death.
Arrangements luve been made by ail
the coal operators of the Monongahela
Valley, to close down their mines
indefinitely, as the fe v works in
operation have demonstrated that the
demand of the miners can not be con¬
ceded, with the price of coal as low as it
is at prCseiit. The suspension will effect
5,000 men.
Exports of specie from the port of
New York for the week ended, Novem¬
ber 30th, amounted to $319.110,of which
$8,047 was in gold, and $311,067 in sil¬
ver. All the silver an 1 $2,300 in gold
went to Eufope, and $3,257 in gold went
to South America. Impofts of specie
for the week amounted to $195,605, of
which $109,485 was gold and $86,120
silver.
Thursday forenoon John Chana, a
hopeless paralytic, aged. 35, was found
depositors after the bank was insolvent,
surrendered himself Thursday night and
gave bail in the sum of $2,500 for hear¬
ing next* Wednesday.
Fire broke out in the Delavan gas-
house at Albany, N. Y., Saturday
morning, communicated and the flames, to the gaining house* head-,
way, paper
of Jacob Leonard & Son, and the Albany
Casket company. Both were a total
loss. Several other buildings were dam
nged, and the loss will reach $75,000.
SALES OF TOBACCO.
Sales of k-af tobacco at auction at the
warehouses in the Danville. \ta., market
during the month of November amounted
to 8,826,884 pounds, more than double
tbe sales ft r November of last year. For
the first two months of the present to¬
bacco year, the increase of leaf tobacco
sold over the same period of last year is
3,175,875 pounds.
The fish aip ge ting so Tampa, numerous Fla.,
a -ound the docks at Port
that the;/ jump cut of the v al»r and
land on the vEatves.. lacunds A king-fish
weighin l by f seventeen Captain George Waiter was cap-
fcme in
that way*
Don’t Tail to Call Vo
W. A. MTHESON,
Who has Special Burgnins in Various
Lines of Goods.
FINE DRESS 600DS »
NOTIONS, HATS, ETC.
—ALSO—
HARDWARE OF ALL KINDS.
Farmers’ Tools, Wagon and Bucgy Ma-
icritd, Blacksmith’s Tools, Hinges,
Locks, Bolts, Doors amt Sash.
—EVERYTHING IN THE—
HARDWARE LINE,
COOK STOVES. STOVE PIPE,
AND WOODWAKE
-ALSO-
DOMESTIC SEWING MACHINES.
TOOCOA. GA.
SSffiBR PIANOS
The Pianos bearing’ the above name -tnnd pre¬
eminently be the in the front rank, and are conceded to
manufacturing, highest achievement in the art of piano
all the essential containing qualities of in a perfect wonderful piano. degree,
a
t.VfLTl.ESS TONE,
PERFECT ACTION,
EXTREME It l'It ABILITY,
ELEGANCE IX RESIGN and FINISH
And arc universally endorsed by leading murickm*!
aud musical people
r lbe quality of materials used and the skill of
the workmen employed in their construction, also
our long experience allow us to say, these pianos
are first elites in every r spect
OVER 95,000 IN USE.
SHONINQER
ORGANS
Are the Leading Organs of the World.
Because they are the best.
Their purity of voicing, prompt speech, quick-
nriT of touch, ric-b. full and organ-like tone has
won lor them the highest praise and admiration
of all v.-ho hove seen and heard them.
T hey contain many valuable improvements,
which are exclusive features. Folding Pedals.
Three-1 ly So’andiDg Boards, Book Closets and a
magnificent
Chime of Swisp Bells
creating the most harnioniov.fi effects, and which
can be used with or without the reeds. These in¬
struments have taken Medals and First Premium
wherever exhibited, Agents wanted in territory
hot already provided for.
Send for Catalogue to
B SHONINGER CO.
86 Fifth Ave., New York.
Factories New Haven, Conn.
V Man! —I VOICE 55S«g£
0E$ ^^^Atello 2 (*§8P.'SCdO writes: month-, “Was 1 nt ivork have on a farm for
“■for a now an agency
Day I!. C. Allen & Co's ake* albums 5 and publi- day."
catjouii «r nd otten mak SfO a
Y (Signed) W. It. Garrison.
wiiiinm Kim®, Hanritbanr, j»«„
ii i f l | wThu"
InlV**
° r a '‘IF 1 * d v' ,work ,”
have not »p«c 8 to give «x-
one Shall who take 4 liold ofthl«*r»mt YOU butimiM in this pHttaaprrmnd business, pr»«Jt,
we start
reader? Write to as and learn all about it for yon naif. We
are Starting: many: will start you if you dont delay until
another gets ahead of you in your part of the country- If you
take hoidvou win be able to pick uphold fa§t. ortteod-
ZuTr'
world. Lwweat Size. Greatest bargains aver known. Asrcnti
Liberal terms. Bip money for apents. Any one can
become a sueecesful agent. Sells itself on sight— little or no
Talking necessary. Wherever shown, every one wants to par¬
chase. Agents take thousands of orders with rapidity never
before known. Great profits await every worker. Agents are
making fortunes. Ladies make F ith''pa™*Visrt‘and<I^s^o*^t as much as men. You, reader,
to”ho 0 srwho\vr 8 itV’foTsam». w 1
Address e. c. allen a co., acgcsta, main*.
W • R . BE U Q El
One of the Oldest Mercantile Houses in Toccoa,
Here yon can find bargains
STAPLE I)R\ GOODS
Boots* Shoes Provisions of ail
Kinds. BACON, FLOUR, FEED. ALSO THE BEST VARIETIES
FERTILIZERS
.Double jfh ck JllocA ', ‘loccaa , Georgia •
EL P. SIMPSOISJ *
TOCCOA, CEORCIA
aa tt SillSI?.
And Machinery Supplies, Also, Repairs All Kinds of Machinery.
PBKRLB88 ENGINES*
BOTH PORTABLE & TRACTION
GEISER SEPARATORS
Farmers and others in want of either Engines or Separators, will
SAVE MONEY by using the above Terms machines. 1 am also prepared
to give Lowest Prices and Best on the celebrated
«<IESTEY 0RGANS.t»
Cardwell Hydraulic Cotton Presses, Corn and Saw Mills, Syrup
Mills and Evaporators. Will have in by early Spring a Full Stock of
White Sewing Machines.
McCormick Reapers, Mowers and Self-Binders
Which need only a trial their Superiority. Call and see me be-
ore you biu’. Duplicate parts of machinery constantly on hand.
TOCCOA MARBLE WORKS.
The Undersigned is Prepared to Furnish MARBLE,
SrwtiissS
mm plainest Of All Kinds and Styles from the
Mi 0 and lowest prices, up to the
_ m 4 elaborate and co-tly. All work
^ delivered, set up and satisfaction guar-
m]k •h IH Wm anfieed. Call at mv yard, examine
A 'OF , samples and learn prices I efore pur-
Vi chasing elsewhere. Address
G ^ J.. P. COOK,
$20“? e H'ARM$25.00.
f—i HIG
MV r Each Machine has a drop leaf,
i _| fancy cover, two large drawers,
^ with nickel jings, and a full set
l T >□ n of Attachments, Machine sold equal from to any $40 Sin- to
ger A trial in home be¬
$60 by Canvassers. your
fore payment is.asked. Buy direct of the Manu¬
facturers and save agents’ profits besides getting
certificates of warrantee for five years. Send for
testimonials to Co-operative Sewing Machine
C0„ 269 S. I ith St.. Philadelphia, Pa.
«-WE PAY IBEIUHT.YI
O ATARRH
I H We have a remedy that will CURE CATARRH.
BRONCHITIS and ASTHMA. Oar faith is so
strong that we will send treatment on trial.
Send for Treatise and full particulars. Address,
The Hall Chemical Co., 3860 Falrmount Av„ Phlla., Pa
ot Mill Site
I I I I J CAN be CURED.
I will SEND BOTTLE FREE by
■ mail a large TRIAL •
■ also, a treatise on Epilepsy. DON T
SUFFER ANY LONGER! Give Post Of-
fice, State and County, and Age plainly.
Address, T HE HALL CHEMICAL CO.,
3860 Fainnount Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa.
LEWIS DAVIS,
iTfOPNEY AT T,AW.
TGCC0A CITY, GA.,
Will practice in the counties of Haber¬
sham ami Rabun of the Northwestern
Circuit, and Frankl n and Banks of the
Western Circuit. Prompt attention will
be g von to all bush ess entrusted to him.
The collection of debts will have spec¬
ial attention.
KS -Q- MAKE
' Py Lin ing atu-holtf
55 It* and nrting
* g t f or t he eh
t - one ceipt on <v* esf rarth. will rd c of rr.t Li send Lie 98 cts. On n
tamplrfliic complete ret of family scales, together w ith our
lopieof Watch." Books, Guns ar i numerous hnttsr>iold
on which ere offer preat inducements to Accnts amt others.
Series are accurately Sited and adjusted an . - are str ■ n
in every respect, and are only offered at this price f..rt>-<
toencourace asiyits ar.d' others to handle our poods. <
dollar cash order from our mammoth circular «e vill m don*
set of scales free, or allow you tl-.e price paid for this »et
A. T. KVASS Sc CO., 1S2 and 114 State St., ('ll 1( 41.0. -,L.
f
Finest^ THE The
(§J r^r W00DVVQRK :s \?)(6f ATTACHMENT
NfW HOM(,MW.IN$ L MACfllNe,C? OffANGE- MASS
S7.LOUiS.MO. CALL A5.TEX
■ri
I. ta. MA2HBT.
SLACKSfulTHlrtG !
HORSESHOEING,
Manufacturing and Repairing
WAGONS, BUGGIES
—AND—
FURM IMPLEMENTS
Of all kinds.
J4RRETT & SON.
TOOCOA, GEORGIA,