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VOLUME
A SLEEP SONG,
"Willow, where the rushes grow
Softly swishing, softly swaying
Sing a music sweet and low,
While the breez -s round you playin]
Gently come—gently go.
Wind that in the trees doth blow
With a sweet seductive sighing.
Sing a lullaby you know,
Dreamful as the shadows flying,
Something soft—something slow.
River, as you onward flow
Crooning songs of no man’s making,
Lvt me ever seawards go
With no thought of sa l awaking,
Even now—even so.
—Irene Noble, in Good Words.
IN THE DEFILE.
N adventure which I
shall never forget oc¬
curred during the cam¬
paign of Bosnia and
-IS Herzegovina, iu 1877-
tm. 78. then, I and was consequently very young
■ r full of enthusiasm and
m ‘ exaggerated colonel the which When “duty my the received husbind of regiment woman.” ideas was its of of
marching orders, the
wife of the lieutenant-colonel, Count X.,
nud myself obtained, not without a good
deal of trouble, permission to follow the
regiment to the field of war. We argued
that, protected by the Red Cross badge
of the “Convention de Geneve,” we
would really run no danger, and that as
far as privations were concerned we did
not mind that one bit. This extrordinary
declaration, coming from two spoiled
children like ourselves, who had been
brought up in the very lap of luxury,
and who had not the faintest idea of
what privations really meant, caused
our friends to smile at our simplicity.
But ns, after all, we were in perfect
health and firmly resolved to gain our
point, we dually succeeded.
Our first week of “campaigning” were
devoted to nursing the sick and tending
the wounded. In spite of ail that may
be said to the contrary by idealists, it is
not a pleasant task, and many a time
have I cried very bitter tears at the sight
of some strong young soldier crippled for
life by the bullets of the enemy. Habit,
however, is the great master, and with
time I became so well used to life in
camp ambulances that I really considered
myself as cool and collected in the ac¬
complishment of my self imposed duties
as any hardened army surgeon among us.
No country on the face of our unfor¬
tunate planet has been ofteuer ravaged,
no land oftener soaked with the blood
of its inhabitants than the portion of the
Balkan Peninsula which our troops were
occupying. Everything around us had
been desolated by fire and bloodshed as
severely as during the first invasions of
the barbarians, hundreds of years before.
Very grand, but very dreary aud sad,
was the landscape with its wonderful de
files, its high mountains enclosing rush¬
ing streams. The sandstone rocks, worn
by erosion into fantastic forms worthy of
Gustave Dore, took in the twilight the
shapes of huge dragons, lions or other
equally territlic looking objects. Then
came great deserted plains with here and
there cottages built of clay on a founda¬
tion of dry stones aud covered with
pieces of wood, from which the inhab¬
itants had fled iu terror. It was difficult
to procure food for the army. The cul¬
ture is always poor in this wild land, and
now everything had been pillaged.
For the first time iu my life I knew
what hunger meant. In after years an
experience of that kind makes one feel
very charitably inclined toward the un¬
fortunates who claim oue’s mercy on the
plea of starvation. Strauge as it may
appear, I had never felt better iu my
life than during these mouths of priva¬
tion and fatigue. Many a time after
being a whole day iu the saddle I slept
on the bare ground with nothing to pro¬
tect me from the sharp night air but a
rough military cloak or a horse blanket,
aud slept far better than under the vel¬
vet and lace canopy ot my soft bed at
home.
Just in the same manner did I relish a
crust of soldier's hard bread and a mess
of more tliau questionable soup eaten be¬
side the bivouac fires with a ravenous
hunger as appetizer. Everybody was so
courteous and considerate. These un¬
educated men of our regiment, harlened
by the adventurous life of soldiers iu
active service, were always ready to give
up their own scant comforts in order to
add to mine, had I been disposed to al¬
low them to do so. As it was, I had
many a hard fight with my patients in
the ambulance, so anxious were they to
share with me the thin beef-tea, or sip
of wine which it was so difficult to pro¬
cure for them. But enough of this, or
my reminiscences will carry me so far
that I shall never come to the adventure
which I am about to relate.
It happened shortly after the defeat of
the Bosnians by our forces, between
Zepce and Maglai. Our brigade was
camping at the foot of some high and
precipitous cliffs some miies from Zepce,
our regiment being separated from the
army corps by a superb defile of steep
rocks. It was the most romantic site
imaginable, plentifully wooded with
oaks, beeches and elms; but the very
narrow road winding between the cliffs
was gruesome in the extreme in its lone¬
liness and awe-inspiring grandeur.
One alternoon I had ridden over from
our camp, a distance of ten miles or so,
to the other side of the defile, where
Countess X. was visiting her uncle, the
general in command of the brigade. It
was getting toward dusk when I ordered
my horse with a view to riding back to
our camp before night. I retused the
escort which the general rnoet kinuly
pressed me to accept, for I knew that I
would be far safer alone than when ac¬
companied by soldiers wearing the hated
uniform of the army of occupation. Be¬
sides, this, as I have said before, I was
very romantic in those days, and I pre¬
ferred sot to expose any fellow-emtum
THE TOCCOA NEWS
AND PIEDMONT INDUSTRIAL JOURNAL.
to the bullets and yatagans of the dreaded
Montenegrins, who wers known to be
always in ambush in the mountain passes.
After having suoceeded in persuading
the general of my perfect safety, I
mounted my black charger, “Dare Devil,”
and was about to start off at a brisk
canter, when the dear sld gentleman,
putting his hand on the pommel sf my
saddle and coming close to me, whpt-
pered, “Take care, my child. It would
never do for you to be caught carrying
dispatches.” I laughed gaylv to reas¬
sure him, but nevertheless I knew full
well how true his words were, for, in¬
deed, it would very likely mean death to
me. The fact was, that seeing me de¬
termined to ride back to camp alone, the
general, who felt certain that a woman
protectsd by the “brassard” of the Red
Cross stood a better chance of passing
unharmed through the defile than any
member of his staff, had intrusted to me
a dispatch of the utmost importance. It
was written in cipher on a tiny scrap of
flimsy paper, and rolling it tightly, I had
inserted it in the woodcock quill which
was so jauntly stuck in the band of my
military cap.
As • I rode along in the gathering
gloom, I glanced once or twice at the
two revolvers in my holsters with a feel¬
ing of confidence, for I was a neat, shot
and I knew that l was perfectly capable
of defending myself if attacked, The
trouble, however, was that those terrible
Montenegrins lay in hiding behind jut¬
ting rocks, and that their mode of pro¬
cedure consisted in shooting the un¬
suspecting travelers who ventured
through the mountain passes like so
many rabbits in a warren, or sometimes
in swiftly pouncing upon them from
their places of concealment and making
them prisoners before they had time to
defend themselves.
The road was frightfully rough and
uneven, for it was nothing else than the
dried-up bed of a mountain torrent, full
of sharp stones and bits of yellow quartz.
I picked my way carefully in the fast de¬
creasing evening light, much to the dis¬
gust of my fretful young horse, who
curvetted from side to side in a most un¬
comfortable manner. Fortunately, as I
reached the beginning of the defile, the
moon, like a huge silver lamp, rose from
behind the mountains, lighting up the
path with dazzling brilliancy, but leav¬
ing the steep rock walls and densely
wooded precipitous slopes on both sides
in inky darkness. The road was less
difficult now, but I could not take avail
of this favorable circumstance to give my
impatient horse his head, for I realized
that should any Montenegrins be lying
in wait behind these dark ramparts any¬
thing like flight on my part would surely
hasten my fate.
I had reached the middle of the pass,
which was very narrow at that point,and
I -was beginning to think that nothing
was likely to happen to me after all,
when, without the slightest warning,
four gigantic figures rushed upon me,
two from each side of the pass, and be¬
fore I could even dream of seizing my
revolvers Dare Devil had been brought
to a sudden and most disagreeable stand¬
still by an iron grip, and I myself lelt
that both my hands were being dexter¬
ously tied behind ray back. This was
shame, indeed, for so brave a little
soldier in petticoats as I fondly imagined
myself to be, and at the consciousness of
the indignity to which I was being sub¬
jected all my courage revived. Luckily
I spoke have a dozen dialects of this part
of the w'orld well enough to make my¬
self understood.
“What do you mean by making a wo¬
man prisoner?” cried I. Then, as it
flashed upon me that my address was
hardly of a conciliatory nature, I added
more gently “Since when have the
brave sous of Montenegro sunk so low as
to go to war with girls?” The moon
shone so brightly that I could see a
smile flicker on the superbly haucsome
bronzed features of the huge fellow who
was holding on to Dare Devil’s bridle.
“We do not wish to harm you,” he
replied very softly, “provided you mean
uo tricks.”
“Tricks!” exclaimed I indignantly.
“Fine tricks I am able to play when
you have begun by putting me ‘hors de
combat.’ Shame on you! Don’t you
see the Red Cross on my arm? I am—”
Here I slightly hesitated. “I am a sort
of Sister of Mercy—do you understand?
And many are the men of your race
whom I have nursed back to health du¬
ring the last few months.”
“We know it well, an I also that you
are Priucess F., wife of the commander
of these White Lancers, down yonder.
We are not pugrateful for what youve ha
done, and if you are ready to swear that
you are carrying uo dispatches we will
take your word for it and let you go
free; otherwise,” continued the man,
who seemed, judging by his gorgeous
costume, to be a c tie", * wilt make
you prisoner in good eir and—” he
finished his sentence with a gesture by
no means reassuring.
This was a pretty mess, forsooth! I
collected my wits as best I could, and,
glaring furiously at him, I replied, draw¬
ing myself up so far as my pinnioned
arms would allow me to do: “I refuse
to answer your impudent question. If
you think that I am a likely object to be
entrusted with dispatches, execute your
threats, make me a prisoner; it will be
an easy job and a glorious victory 1”—
this was a derisive laugh. “Search
me I kill me! if so be your pleasure, but
pray put an end to this disgraceful
sceue.”
A queer little ereature I must have
looked on my struggling steed; with my
icarlet kilt, spurred boots, white dolman
and dashing military cap, through
which the ominous woodcock’s quill
seemed to burn a hole into my thick crop
of short curls! My captors looked at
me for a moment, then at each other.
They were a long time making up their
mind—at least it appeared so to me.
Finally, at a sign from my interlocutor,
one of them untied my hands.
“You are right, Princess, we do not
fight women,” said be, baking bis head,
“and especially not when they are brave
like you. Go "in peace. Had you been
afraid ol us, things would have turned
out difftrtntlj; but admire a virtue
TOCCOA, GEORGIA SATURDAY. AUGUST 13, 1892.
of which, above all others, we prids our¬
selves. This pass is not safe, as you
hav8 had reason to find out to your cost,
and we shall accompany you until you
are within hearing of your sentries, but
believe me, do not tempt Providence
thus again.” As he said this, the hand¬
some chief let go of Dare Devil’s bridle,
a circumstance of which this well-named
animal immediately availed himself by
bolting with lightning rapidity. It was
no easy task to rein him in, but I did so,
not wishing to look as if I meant to run
away. In silence we proceeded on our
way, my stalwart bodyguards keeping
pace with me all the time, At the end
of the pass, which we reached some
twenty minutes later, the camp fires be¬
came discernible, glittering like over¬
grown glow-worms on the dark plain.
I stopped my horse, and, beckoning to
the chief, I said, not without. emotion:
“You have been very generous, 1 shall
not forget it. Pray accept this as a lit¬
tle token of my gratitude,” and I hand¬
ed him my two revolvers, which were
jewels of their kind. With a bow worthy
of a throne-room, the young man thrust
them in his broad belt, which bristled
already with -weapons of the most forbid¬
ding aspect, then pressing most deferen¬
tially to his lips the hand I extended to
him, he turned on his heel and followed
by his imperturable subordinates, he
vanished as he had come in the dark¬
ness.
Within a very few minutes I answered
the sentry's challenge, and rode at a hand-
gallop into camp. I could not easily
have analyzed my somewhat mingled
feelings, but until the end of the cam¬
paign I repaid the wounded Montene¬
grins who fell in our hands by extra care
and extra devotion for the chivalrous
conduct of the unknown chief who had
proved to me a friend indeed, as well as
a friend in need.
Two years later I was staying with ray
husband at the house of the Austrian En-
voy at Cettinje. On the eve of my de¬
parture, a great dinner, to which sev¬
eral Montenegrin dignitaries were invited,
was given in our honor. Shortly be¬
fore we entered the dining-room, a
tall and remarkably handsome Montene¬
grin made hU entrance into the draw-
room. Where I had seen this superb
specimen of manhood? These great,
dark-blue eyes, fringed with abnormally
long lashes? This firmly chiseled chin?
This beautifully curved mouth, shaded
by a long, silky mustache? Suddenly I
remembered my captor of the C—
Pass. On the impulse of the moment I
started to my feet, and, much to the
amazement of my hosfis, I rushed up to
the hero of my adventure, and, extend¬
ing both hands to him, I exclaimed:
“How happy I am to see you—”
A puzzled expression on his face urged
me to add, stupidly:
“Surely you caunot have forgotton
me!”
“No, I have not,” said he, while a
decided blush fell over his dark skin,
“but remember, Princess, that when I
last saw you you were a little soldier,
while now—” His sentence remained
unfinished, much to my satisfaction.
There was a slightly awkward pause,
and then, pointing to the silken, pearl-
studded belt which encircled his slim
waist, he showed me my two little
jeweled revolvers.
“I have worn them ever since,” said
he “in remembrance.”—New York
Tribune.
What Brushes Are Made Of.
“Did you ever see a brush of spun
glass?” asked a professor of physical
science of a Washington Star reporter.
“Here is one. It is for use where acids
are employed that would eat up any other
substance. Bless you! the materials of
which brushes are made are innumerable.
Among other things they are manufac¬
tured out of whalebone, horn, wire and
the quills of feathers. The quills and
the whalebone are split for the purpose,
and the horn is softened, rolled out flat
and broken into threads. Ever so many
animals contribute their hair for brushes.
Bears’ fur, being coarse and stiff, makes
the best varnishing brushes; brushes for
gilding and graining are made out of
badgers’ hair and a part of the hair in-
side of every cow’s ear is utilized for
lettering brushes.
“The squirrel, the goat, the horse, the
bear, the camel, the sable aud even the
polecat supply material for brushes,
Some of it is very valuable, three or four
ounces of selected camel’s or sable’s hair
being worth $100. For artists’ ‘pencils’
the hair of the ichneumon and the finest
of that which grows within the cow s
ear are employed, but the best and most
costly of such exquisite brushes are
manufactured from the long hairs of the
sable s tail. However, not all of these
beasts put together contribute so impor-
tantly to the brush making industry as
does the hog. The hogs of Russia and
Poland afford the chief market supply
of bristles for the world, the crop being
gathered .-t regular intervals. Of the
product the whitest and best bristles are
utilized for tooth brushes and paint
brashes.
“la the manufacture of artists’ pea-
cils the delicate hairs employed are first
washed, dried, combed, sorted and ar¬
ranged in bunches off the desired sizes.
Each bunch must be formed so as to have
a sharp point when it is wet. Very deli¬
cate manipulation is required in this
work, which is always performed by wo¬
men and children. Each bunch is fas¬
tened together and drawn through the
large end of a quill until the hairs pro¬
ject sufficiently ironi the other end. The
quill, having been soaked beforehand ia
the hot water to enlarge it, shrinks
enough on drying to hold the brush se¬
curely. For this purpose quills from
geese, turkeys, ducks, pigeons, quails,
larks and other birds are used.
“Among the vegetable materials used
for making brushes are cocoanut fiber,
old rope and the roots and fibers of many
tropical plants; also ‘broom corn,’ rat¬
tan and rushes.”
A man in Georgia bougiit a pig tne
otiler ‘-ay and took it home. It did not
relish its new quarters and returned to
itj former owner, “swimming half a milt
twoM * P oad in ** journey."
TARIFF TROTHS.
SENATOR CARLISLE FORCIBLY REFUTES
THE ARGUMENTS OF THE REPUBLI¬
CANS—EVILS OF THE m’kIXLEY LAW
PLAINLY SET FORTH.
Senator Carlisle made a masterly reply
to Senator Aldrich’s fallacious protec¬
tive arguments in the United States Sen-
aie. Step by step he analyzed the
speech of Mr. Aldrich, which is to be
the Republican keynote, and showed
conclusively that no warrant existed for
the assertions contained in it.
Mr. Aldrich had declared, for in¬
stance, that through operations of the
McKinley law $325,000,000 had been
saved to the people of the United States.
Mr. Carlisle showed by figures that, on
the contrary, in the period of the inves¬
tigation by members of the Senate
Finance Committee of the effect of the
McKinley law upon prices, the cost of
living in this country increased just
$2S5,000,000. The calculations on
which Mr. Aldrich laid so much stress,
he said, were based on prices which pre¬
vailed on the very last day of the inves¬
tigation. No conclusion that was either
just or valuable could be drawn from
such manifestly unfair calculations.
Mr. Carlisle said that he ought, per¬
haps, to apologize for attempting at
such a late period of the session to oc¬
cupy a portion of the Senate’s time in
the discussion of a subject which could
not be disposed of at the present session.
But the recent report of the Committee
on Finance had been so thoroughly mis¬
understood, or so grossly misrepresented,
in the public press, that he felt it the
duty of some one on the Democratic side
of the chamber, who had assisted in
making the investigation, to state their
view.
It has been the unanimous opinion of
economists and statisticians that for
many years, in all the great industrial
countries of the world, the prices of
commodities were decreasing aud the
wages of the working people were in¬
creasing. If all disturbing influences
could be removed (as they ought to be
removed), the universal rule in all the
most highly civilized and enlightened
countries would be undoubtedly as he
had stated it. The tendency toward a
decline in the prices of commodities and
an increase in the rate of wages wa3, in
his judgment, the necessary result of
improved methods of production, trans¬
portation and exchange.
He had never been able to appreciate
the proposition that people could be
made happy and prosperous by taxation,
whether to defray extravagant expend¬
itures on the part of the Government, or
to increase the prices which people pay
for what they ate, drank and wore. Any
one who contended (as Mr. Stewart had
done) that high prices of commodities
were beneficial to the community at
large was at war with the spirit of the
age, at war with the genius of discovery
and invention, which had, within the
last fifty years, as never in any other
equal period of history, ameliorated the
condition of mankind by bringing all the
necessaries of life and many of its lux¬
uries within the reach of every man who
was willing to work. If high prices
were conducive to the general welfare,
then steam and electricity ought to be
dispensed with, stage coaches and dirt
roads again adopted, and the most prim¬
itive methods of production and distribu¬
tion resorted to. That would produce
high prices. Every shackle on com¬
merce, every restriction on honest trade,
every interference with the free exchange
of products in the markets of the world
increased prices and deprived the people
of the benefits which they had a right to
enjoy, and which they otherwise would
enjoy, resulting from improved commer¬
cial and industrial methods.
In a passing allusion to the McKinley
act, Mr. Carlisle said that in November,
1890, its author and supporters had been
swept from the House of Representatives
b y a majority of more than 860,000
votes. Never in the history of the
eountry had there been such a storm of
popular indignation against a single act
0 f legislation as that which overwhelmed
t h e advocates of that measure in 1890.
And now, as a result of that storm, the
Senator from Rhode Island and the other
f r i eE ds of the protective system were
confessing that higher prices were not
beneficial to the people, and that ho
original avowed purpose of the McKinley
ac t wa s wrong. In other avoids, they
-were contending that that act had* been
a succe s 3 because it had failed to accpm-
plish what it was intended to accomplish,
lf higher prices were injurious to the
community at large, and if low prices
-were beneficial, then everything which
interfered with and arrested the natural
tendency toward a decline in the prices
0 f commodities and a rise in the wages
G f labor, anything that tended to make
it harder aud more expensive for the
masses of the people to live (whether it
were war, pestilence, famine, or a Mc-
Kinley act) was a public calamity to be
deplored by every man who loved his
country.
The Senator from Rhode Island had
laid down four propositions. The first
was that the prices of commodities and
the cost of living had decreased during
the period covered by the investigation,
which meant (according to that Sena¬
tor’s conclusion) a saving to the people
of the United States of $325,000,000
per annum. The second was that the
ratio of wages had increased during the
period covered by the investigation. The
third was that the cost of living in Eng¬
land had increased 1 9-10 per cent, dur¬
ing that period, and tha fourth was that
decline in the prices of commodities
and that increase in the rate of wages in
the United States were the result of the
Republican policy of protection.
Mr. Carlisle admitted that on a single
day—after the passage of the McKinley
act, and during the period covered by
the investigation—the retail prices of
215 articles embraced in that list given
by the committee (taking them all to-
gather and giving to «ash one aam«
importance) were 84 100 of 1 per cent,
lower than they had been at the begin¬
ning of the period; and that on a single
day, which was the last day included in
the investigation, the cost of living iu
the United States, including rent, had
fallen 44-100 of 1 per cent, from the
rate prevailing at the beginning of the
investigation. He submitted that: no
just or valuable conclusion for any pur¬
pose whatever could be drawn from cal¬
culations based upon the prices which
prevailed on a single day during twenty-
seven months, and that the very last day
on which the investigation was made.
Referring to Mr. Aldrich’s statement
that the committee had found that ths
cost during of living had increased In England
the period covered by the investi¬
gation 9-10 per cent., Mr. Carlisle stated
that the committee had made no investi¬
gation whatever concerning the cost of
living in England, and had made no re¬
port on the subject. The committee had
caused the retail prices ora certain nst or
articles to be taken in England on the
1st of June, 1889, and on the 1st of
September, 1891; but it had caused no
investigation to be made as to the pro¬
portions in which those articles entered
into the consumption of the people. As
to Mr. Aldrich’s statement that prices
had been found to hare declined in
three cities of the United States, Fall
River, Chicago and Dubuque—Mr. Car¬
lisle stated that, so far as he knew, no
such investigation had been made. He
had learned of it for the first time when
he had seen the statement in print.
Coming back to the chief line of his
argument, Mr. Carlisle said that he
would endeavor to show that the prices
of commodities in the United States,
whether by wholesale or retail, had been
enormously increased by the passage of
the McKinley act and by the agitation
which had preceded it, and that the cost
of living in the United States had in¬
creased (during the period covered by
the investigation) more than $385,000,-
000. He proposed to show, in the sec¬
ond place, that the rates of wages in
fifteen unprotected industries in the
United States had increased during the
period covered by the investigation,
while the rate of wages in fifteen of the
highly protected indu3tiesof the United
States had fallen since the passage of the
McKinley act.
The fit teen general occupations in un¬
protected industries were bakers, black¬
smiths, bricklayers, cabinetmakers, car¬
penters, common laborers, farm laborers,
machinists, masons, iron molders, paint¬
ers, plumbers, stonecutters, tailors and
tinsmiths. The average increase of
wages in these occupations had been .75
per cent. The fifteen highly protected
occupations were bar iron, boots and
shoes, cotton goods, cotton and woolen
goods, crucible steel, flint glass, green
glass, lumber, machinery, pig iron, steel
ingots, steel blooms, steel rails, window
glass and woolen goods. In these occu¬
pations the rates of wages had fallen
(since the McKinley act) an average of
.89 per cent, as against a rise of .75 per
cent, in the fifteen unprotected indus¬
tries.
Mr. Carlisle then went into a detailed
statement as to the co3t of imported
goods and as to tin plate. On the latter
points he quoted Mr. Aldrich as saying
that the people of the United States had
paid to the Welsh tin plate manufactur¬
ers in 1891 seventy-six cents per box
more than they had been paying before
that time. That was undoubtedly too
true. The McKinley act had been a bon¬
anza to the Welsh tin plate manufactur¬
ers. It had enabled them to take from
the people of the United States many
millions over and above their normal
profits. The McKinley act had paid,
not to the importer, not to the Govern¬
ment, not to the dealers, but directly to
the Welsh tin plate manufacturers $4,-
620,750, or more than half the value of
the 508 tin plate works of Wales. The
McKinley act, as to tin plate, had proven
to be, not for the benefit of the American
consumer, but of the Welsh manufac¬
turers.
Mr. Carlisle closed his speech with
some specific statements as to woolen
goods, and with the assertion that Ameri¬
can wool manufacturers would be will¬
ing to give up the tariff on imported
woolen goods if Congress would only
give them free wool.
Protection Paradoxes.
That taxing an article makes it
cheaper.
That making an article cheaper en¬
ables its manufacturer to pay higher
wanes.
That taxing raw material cheapens
cost to manufacturers and lowers prices
to consumers.
That a tariff paying $175,000,000 a
year into the public treasury does not
increase the prices of the things taxed
to produce this sum.
That foreigners pay the duties, and
so largely support our Government, but
that out of mercy to them the Reed-
MeKinley Congress spent only $1,000,-
000 , 000 .
That the price of farm produce has
gone up under McKinleyism while the
cost of living has gone down.
The untaxing foreigners only is “re¬
ciprocity.” in
That high tariffs make high wages
the United States, b at leave wages in
every protectionist country in Europe
lower thaaia fx^e-tradet England.
Jay Gould’s Conclusion.
The general effect of the McKinley
tariff is well summed up in a statement
made by Mr. Jay Gould over his signa¬
ture to the New York World, and printed
in its issue of October 6tb, 189'J:
“I cannot see that the new tariff o!
itself will be a disadvantage to the
country. If it increases the cost of some
articles people will simply use less of
them. Take wool, for instance, F the
tariff on wool makes clothing cost more,
a pc r-on will get aloDg with one suit
where he would otherwise have two.
“J\t Gould.”
A special room in tbs Hainamnn Ho -
pital teiwwomen. of New York City is lilted up tor
.... _ _
The Farmers’ Sufferings.
Congressman Hatch, from the Com-
mittee on Agricultnre, submitted to th«
House of Representatives a report pre¬
pared bv the committee on the effect ol
the present tariff law upon agriculture,
which will specially interest farmers
throughout the country.
The report says that careful compari¬
son shows that there has been a steady
decline in the prices of farm property
and products under the several tariffs in
force since the war, while for a corre¬
sponding period, and under the same
laws, other interests have beeen more
prosperous and remunerative.
The report insists that under the low
tariff of 1846 agriculture enjoyed its
greatest prosperity, and holds that the
more restrictive and prohibitive the trade
with other countries has been the worse
has agriculture fared. The result of the
prohibitive tariff has been to prejudice
European Nations (our best buyers)
against the United States, and in the
retaliation which followed agriculture
was dealt an irreparable injury. The
American farmer is now compelled to
sell his products in direct competition
with the pauper and slave labor of Asia
and Africa, labor which manages to sub¬
sist on wages averaging less than $3 per
month.
The report presents statistics showing
the decrease in the values of farm lands
in the United States between 1870 and
1S80 and the decrease in the values of
farm products from 1870 to 1888, not¬
withstanding the increased area under
cultivation, and, by way of contrast,
gives figures showing the large increase
in banking capital and surplus from 1870
to 1891 and the increase in railroad and
telegraph earnings. The opinion of a
Government official is quoted to the effect
that the ceusus of 1890 will show
that manufacturing interests have in¬
creased more than 100 per cent, in capital
and production during the past decade*.
Although the volume of crops has very
largely increased, the report says the
depression in prices has stripped the
busiuess ot all profit. The report con¬
tinues :
“A review of the prices of wool shows
that the tariff imposed upon imports has
been of no practical benefit and that the
prices of wool in foreign markets are
usually as high, and at times have been
higher, than in American markets.
Another reason for the low price of wool
in the United States lies in the fact that
more than sixty-seven per cent, of all
the clothes manufactured here aud pass¬
ing for woolen goods is composed of
shoddy, which comes in direct competi¬
tion with raw wool, and which is pro¬
tected by an almosi prohibitive tariff.
As in tue case of wool, so has it been
with all other farm products upon which
an import duty has been imposed, In
no instance, except upon products which
could not bear long transportation, has
there been any benefit or appreciable ad¬
vance iu price to the producer, Note
particularly the decline in the prices of
barley and wheat, although subject to
increased duties upon importation by
the law of 1890.”
Dealing with the subject of reciprocal
trade relations, the report says:
“Perhaps the fliiniest and boldest at¬
tempt to deceive the farmers is the
scheme of reciprocity as meant to be put
in force between Central and South
American countries. It argues that
qgarly all these countries being agricul¬
tural, reciprocal interchange with them
cannot be of advantage to American
farmers. Our trade in wheat with coun¬
tries with which it is not proposed to
open reciprocal relations amouted during
the ten months ended April 30, 1892, to
more than 460 times as much as with
those with which it is proposed to place
our agricultural products by this system
of reciprocity, so called. The great bulk
of the agricultural exports now finds a
market in Europe, notwithstanding the
policy of the tariff to break up all trade
relation with this country, If it is
meant to advance the interest of agri¬
culture by reciprocal arrangement, the
test of sincerity would be to include
European countries in the arrangement,
these being the natural consumers of
agricultural products.”
The report presents the following
statement to show the increase of in¬
debtedness of. farms and homes in the
States from 1880 to 1890: Alabama,
$10,798,537; Iowa, $21,996,897; Ill¬
inois, $84,485,527; Kansas, $37,356,-
960; Tennessee, $13,534,664. In con¬
clusion, the report says:
“It will be seen that while other in¬
terests have profited by and prospered
under the protective system, agriculture
has suffered a decline. Prices of farm
lands have been greatly reduced, and
farms in some of the older States have
been abandoned because the owners
could no longer afford to till them.
Prices for grain, stock and other farm
products have seriously declined, and
the statement of increased mortgage in¬
debtedness upon homes and farm3, so
far as made known by the Census Bu¬
reau, conclusively establishes the fact that
the occupation of farming has, under
the present system of so-called protec¬
tion, been dealt an injury almost, if not
quite, beyond repair. The committee
believes that the present law for the col¬
lection of revenue by means of duties
upon imports is most unjust, and, if
persisted in, will prove ruinous to that
greatest of all interests, that foundation
of all wealth—agriculture.” White,
Representative of Iowa, a mem¬
ber of the committee* prepared a papet
which deals particularly with the effect
of the nrotective tariff on live stock. II
was submitted to the House accompany¬
ing tho views of the majority. In this
report Mr. White says:
“There is probaoly no class of our
citizens who are so thoroughly handi¬
capped by the protective system in the
prosecution of their business as the far¬
mers of the Mississippi Valley who are
engaged in the raising of hogs and
cattle. However profuse the prophesies
and promises of a ‘home market,* thi3
happy condition has not as yet material¬
ized, and the prospect that this point
may be reached is more remote than
aver.”
NUMBER 32.
COMPLIMENTING CRISP.
Ths New York World Has Good Things
to Say of Him.
The New York World of Saturday, iu
a review of congress, says of Speaker
Crisp: “No democrat in congress, in
speaking of the record of the present
house, fails to pav a warm tribute to
Speaker Crisp. It was claimed for Judge
Crisp by his friends at the time of his
election that he possesstdall of the qual¬
ities necessary to success in that responsi¬
ble « ffice, and it is the general judgment
now that he has justified in hist high
place the most generous things said of
him. He has been, indeed, a
most model presiding office, prompt,
courteous, entirely fair to both sides,
and resolute whenever th ? occasion de¬
manded. His decisions have always been
ratified by the house, and his private
counsels to his party friends have always
been to promote an intelligent and
praiseworthy dispatch of business. In
the m>>st turbulent times of the session
he has never been betrayed into word or
deed reflecting in the slightest degree on
the dignity of his situation, or his well-
e-tablished reputation for good temper
and self-possession. The most experienc¬
ed of the men in congress unite id say¬
ing that no speaker to early in his ser¬
vice in that office ever won for himself
more deserved uraise than Mr. Crisp.
VALUABLE FREIGHT.
Twenty Millions in Gold Shipped Front
Sau Franscisco to New York.
A dispatch from Omaha, Neb., says:
A train b ariug tweuty millions in gold,
from San Francisco to New York, ar¬
rived :?und <y night and after a short stop
proceeded eastward. A Pullman and
t-ix coaches were guarded by a company of
soldiers with Springfield rifles and two
Gatlings. The guards stood on the plat-
forma with loaded r.fles while the stop
was made and no one was allowed to ap-
prcacb.
RICHMOND & DANVILLE R-R.
Atlanta and Charlotte Air-Line Division.
Condensed Schedule of Passenger
Trains. In Effect May 15th, 1892.
NOR I’H BOUND. No. 38. No, 10. No. 72
EASTERN" TIKE. Daily. Daily. Daily
Lv. Atlanta (K.T.) 1 40 pm 8 50 pm 8 05am
Chamblee..... ........ 9 24 pm 8 40am
Norcross....... ........ 9 35 pm 8 52am
Duluth........ ........ 9 47 pm 9 04am
Suwanee....... ........ 9 57 pm 9 15am
Buford........ ........10 10 pm 9 28am
Flow ry Branch ........ 10 24 pm 9 4. 'am
Gainesville..... 3 08 pm j0 45 pm 10 03aid
Lula.......... ........ ll 13 pin 10 27am
Bellton........ ........ll 15 pm 10 30am
Cornelia....... ........ll 42 pm 10 51am
Mt. Airy....... ........ll 16 pm 10 55am
Toccoa......... ........ i2 20 am 11 19am
Westminster... ........i2 57 am 11 56am
Seneca ........ ....... 1 17 am 12 15pm
Central........ ,....... 1 50 am 1 20pm
Easleys........ ........ 2 18 am 1 46pm
Greenville..... 6 08 pm 2 44 am 2 H um
Greers......... ....... 3 14 am 2 42pnl
Weilford....... ........ 3 33 am 3 OOiun
8 partanburg... 7 04 pm 3 54 am 3 :3pm
Clifton........ ........ 4 13 am 3 40pm
Cowpens ...... ....... 4 18 am 3 44pm
Gaffney....... Blacksburg..... ....... 4 40 am 4 09pm
....... 5 01 am 4 27pm
Grover......... ....... 5 11am 4 37pm
King’s Mount’ll ....... 5 2S am 4 55pm
Gastonia....... ........ 5 52 am 5 20pm
Lowell........ ....... 6 05 am 5 31pm
Bellemont..... ....... 6 16 am 5 39pm
Ar. Charlotte...... 9 10 pm 6 40 am 6 00pm
SOUTHBOUND. No. 37. No. 11. No. 9.
Daily. Daily. Daily.
Lv. Charlotte.. 9 45 am ^OOOCOtOPPCOOOODOO^MCJCiCnCn^^^l^WWCCWMtOWH 1111111111111111111111111111111 PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP cScdriaScsedridc'jrjjco'iaacdiScssflcSuJiocdaaajacdcdiGCXrtfldCL rSaEESSc
Bellemont .
Lowell.....
Gastonia.............
Krag’s Mount’n......
Grover........
Gaffney...... Blacksburg ...
Cowpeua..... Clifton....... =
Ar. Easleys........ Spartauburg.. Greenville..... Toccoa....... Weilford.,..... Greers........ Westminster... Bellton....... Central....... Seneca........ Mt. Cornelia...... Lula......... Flowery Norcroes...... Chamblee...... Gainesville.... Buford........ Duluth........ Suwanee....... Atlanta Airy...... (E. Branch T.) . 11 12 3 5 43 36 41 05 pm pm am pm P P PC P P D_P p p p OOO 8ES'S3B3SSEasaS3SSSSSSS
Additional trains Nos. 17 anl 18—Lula ac¬
commodation, daily except Sunday, leaves At¬
lanta 615 pm, arrives Lula 9 00 pm. Return¬
ing, leaves Lula 6 00 a m, arrives Atlanta 8 50
am.
Between Lula and Athens—No. 11 daily, ex¬
cept Sundav, and No. 9 daily, leave Lula 8 15 p
m, and 9 35 a m, arrive Athens 10 00 p ro and
1120 am. Returning leave Athens, No. 10
daily, except Sunday, and No. 12daily, 6 15 p m
and 7 07 a m, arrive Lula 7 55 p m and 8 50
a m.
Between Toccoa and Elberton—No. 61 dai-
lv; except Sundav, leave Toccoa 11 40 a m
arrive Elberton 3 20 p m. Returning, No. 60
daily, except Sunday, leaves Elberton 5 00 a m
and arrives Toccoa 8 30 am.
Nos. 9 an 1 10 carry Pullman Sleepers be¬
tween Atlanta and New York.
Nos. 37 and 38, Washington and Southwest¬
ern Yestibnled Limited, between Atlanta and
Washington, 'lbrough Pu'lman Sleepers be¬
tween New York and New Orleans, al-o between
Washington and Memphis, via Atlanta and
Birmingham. Observation car between Wash¬
ington and New Orleans.
Nos. 11 and 12, Pullman Buffet Sleeper be¬
tween Washington und Atlanta. and
For detailed information as to local
through time table-, rates and Pullman agents, Sleep¬
ing car reservations, confer with local
or address. TURK,
JAS. L. TAYLOR. W. A.
Gen’l Pass. Ag’t. Ass’t. G nl. Pass. Ag’t.
Atlanta. Ga. Charlotte N. C.
C. P. HAMMOND, Ga.
Superintendent Atlanta,
W. H. GREEN. rOL. HASS,
Gen’l Manager. Traffic Manager, Ga.
Atlanta. Ga. Atlanta.
LEWIS DAVIS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW
TOCCOA CITY, 8A.,
Will practise iu the counties of Haber¬
sham and Rabun of the Northwestern
Circuit, and Franklin and Banks of the
Western Circuit. Prompt attention wiT
be given to all business entrusted'to him
The collection of debts will have spec
ial att«'*tteri.