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aw*c es. IIA. race, Italy afiU privileges, either lt& ___ gfaf made in the * the product* of 1 Show exceed the gin Oockran, the New York or that the “tendency of #t*g ia this country is toward K««, except politics, and that eventually beoome liberal, too. ” ill ’ Mark Twain asserts that all modern jokes are derived from thirty-five or Igiaal jokes whioh were priginnted in days of Socrates. Several of the finals, a little frayed, are still about Che lecture business has vastly taged in the last few years. It is loult avert the Chicago Heraid, for rleotorer to get $100 a night now, | a season of fifty lectures is a long t, Few lecturers are good for more a one season at high rates. .. the native Amerioen sailor threatens to beoomecsxtinot, the native, >Af nf*sa«« pf sailing craft still the Chicago Herald is proud to WK«W« hailing from tha ports of the United States are com oomipanded by .natives, bnt the I often made up of men belong Lai* f dozen European nation ■ ..... } ■" —- . It to estimated that the loss of prop rfty by fire last year throughout tbe rhols country reached the enormous “•' *•*•«*** “■ Turk ilv flpneeswork, declares the New itusim, but the result of careful es tlljtr T~ J r *r * committee of the lUdaoal Board loI of Fire rire Underwriters, unasrwmeij . ***,” I i° r 1$9$- llV *t to the fire insurance Had at the loasee ' enforcing a a of rules and perturbed over mite Paraguay. m of good land for raliaa colonists, or iu k join them, and IMon that 10,000 >u the lands. AU i Brir Australia are re a oon siderabl s the loss of a few ■ fr • •* rl ' Australia has, settlement who want to avorably dealt . m » ii. there M w PfliH RIYEE. ik RELIGIOUS CO! AA ID ISO OS THE, Simple Th rand Plain Their * Garb¬ .per Wb«a Ott¬ ers Falf, aud They Live HPha € / a 1 1 — r* TTHT I' HE River Brethren are of Dun kard stock from among the qT 1 hille of old Lancaster, Pea* When they resided iiYe<f th«Ww portion of the members s, up among the hills and another portion down the communities on the river, those fo distinguish the river on were Called the “River Brethren,” and after a time the appropriateness of the term resulted in au receiving the titla ' One day it dawned on these sturdy farmers that there was a land where agriculture was easier than among the rook-bonnd hills of tbe Keystone State. So in 1879 they prepared to emigrate to Kansas and did it m a thoroughly characteristic manner. In numbers and equipment the colony that came to the then new lands was a wonder to the settlers, f W* ft fr. Over 800 wet# in tbe first party, and they brought with them a complete stock of everything needed in their new home. That they might not be without a religions leader,they brought Jeese one of their bishops, the Ber. Engle, who held a prayer meeting the first night, and from the start there was a complete church organization. There were fifteen oars of freight end not less than $500,000 in cash carried by the immigrant*. They resided built alarge it frame house at first and in until lands oould be parceled They out, after which it became a ehnrob. prospered from the start, and among those who came then and those who followed there f has been § not a angle pauper. ?■ This is to an extent accounted for by the foot that they stand by one another ia adversity as well as in prosperit - Not long ago Bishop En gi®, deceived by hie judgment as to the talus of lands, bought mpre than 5S£- HU pro^/pSa of the debt, out leaving •boat something sixty per like cent, $5000 due the creditors. At onoe there wee a eub eoription paper started, and the oontributed liberally, mak ing up the defioit, that none of their order should go into the hereafter with debt hanging over him. Thfr characteristic is so foreign to the usual methods of the Western emi¬ grant as to be particularly noticeable. In dress the Biver Brethren have the typical wide-brimmed hats, the severe black or drab suite. The women dress in black or drab,- with no sign of flounce or trimming, winter Their end hate are black sun bonnets, summer, and after their reception in¬ to the ohuroh a white muslin cap be¬ neath, which is never removetbexoept during sleeping hours. Demure, in¬ deed, are the ten and twelve-year-old misses with their pretty white head coverings. The men mostly allow their beards and hair to grow long, and lew, indeed, are bold enough to adopt worldly ways in hair-cutting or shaving. old-fashioned funereal They ride in with straight-curtained carriages, back in these sides, but cavernous pnd depths the somber black bonnets the wide-brimmed hate lean together, and the pink faeee boisterous which. the former prairie itoot from the uds give ftp «a : Vteh jiasee as. oan otmpre fat Th«'homes of the River km> jjoi hn oorious a h*** their one or toms. e flaring There woetber is nevft vane.. an extra Their nt | eipHne says .that it i* inconsistent to * I up lightning rods, end henoe none pears. Inside there hr plainness I severe style everywhere, but- in my of nrsventrioh the wealthier homes of stuff* thin, si not % Of quality wealth. The bead of the tow. His place dot fete table, and when pr-ent ta the women writ in ■ divine are’ feaq,,.. bleeriag . irn by the chif on the ^ble ST .wilh the v H. ^ . • imrety are they labored with by be kget dtmrch that erery possible effort oat is made. Whe church declares thet the mem* mp ajj|n, shall not have their photographs nor shall they conform to the ’a ways in dresa in any particn lar.; So far ae the history of the Kan Bgregation |r is concerned, bat one of the church has ever ran for eleottf Khp-and he was so triomphant ly and was withal so popular in hWchnroh and so successful as an lial that there was no formal pro It was even hinted that some of the members so far forgot themselves as to vote for him. They do not be¬ lieve in serving on juries nor in going to law, but sometimes are compelled, to do both. V, So completely are their affairs left in the hands of Ood that not even the ordinary protection of insurance on the members’ lives is permitted. permittee An insurance on their buildings is al . lowed, but no rich company makes profit out of it.\ The members, in ease of fire, assess emseives a sum to make good the loss, and there is no other formality. Disputes are ended by arbitration before tjie elders, but it is to their credit that few disputes arise. “Peace-and meekness” seems to be their motto, and yet it by no means involves recklessnes essness, for few are The sharper at a bargain. ohureh had its origin among the hills of upper Switzerland, and the first members were Mennonites. persecution! They underwent many and trials, and at last, in ordi to secure religions liberty, came to merica in 1750, settling along the S mehanna. Their growth has been slow* there be¬ members’ ing almost no families. accessions The outride the own pt the fundamental Scriptural discipline. but the Bible is their Onoe a year there is a general confer¬ ence.—Detroit Free Press. The Rice Paper Tree. The rice paper tree, one of the most interesting of the entire flora of China, has recently with been Florida, suoceesfully where experi¬ it mented in now flourishes with other subtropical and oriental species of trees and shrubs. When first transplanted in Ainerican soil, the experimenters expressed doubts of its hardiness, fearing that it would be unable to withstand the win¬ ters. All these fears have vanished, however, and it is now the universal opinion that it is equally as well adapted to the climate of this ooun try as to that of the famed Flowery Kingdom. It ia a small tree, growing to a height of lesq than fifteen feet, and with a trunk or stem from three to five inohes in diameter. Its canes, which vary in color according to the season, are large, soft and downy, the form someirhat resembling that noticed in those of the oaator-bean plant. The celebrated rioe paper, the pro¬ duct of this^queer tree, is formed of thin slices of the pith, whioh is taken from the'body of inches the tree in in length. beautiful cylinders The Chinese several apply workmen the blade of a sharp straight knife around, to these cylinders, and, turning them either by rude machinery or by hand (in which latter operation they dis¬ play tnnob skill cud dexterity), pare the pith from oiroumferenee to oenter. This operation makes a roll of extra quality paper, the scroll being of even thickness throughout; After a cylin¬ der has thus beed pared,, it is unrolled and weights plaoea upon it until the surfaoe is rendered uniformly smooth throughout its entire length. . It is altogether probable that if rioe paper making beoomes au industry in the United States these primitive modes ^done *way ’with.—St. Louis Republic, > Mysterieus Carers Discovered,, Great exoitement has been caused in the vioinity of Bristol, Ind., by th« disoovsry of a cave. In "digging a well Henry Oswalt oame upon a solid bed of brick and mortar at a depth of eighteen feet. The earth was cleared away for a spaoe ef two feet square, when tiie discovery was made thet the brick formed a solid walL With piok and ax OsWalt suooeeded in removing i nqmber of the square blocks, ana was jnystifled! to find a large opening below. A closer investigation dis¬ closed the presence of $ large oave,. and the brick haa been used in oloe ing up the mouth. . The dirt thrown wponii bad completely bidden tbe eevern from deteeUou. The oave is tooated in the ruatie MBs north of the viUsge, usd may have- been made the biding ” plsoe for valuables diming the Yar. Thaprepeuee ef brick ia a good state of preservation would indicate that the opening had bean closed by white neighborhood men, bat the-older have residents reooUec- of tbs no tion of its existence. A party has been end the cavern udDbe in * Tbe belief to general that u been the heectyuaiters of - a -A tor Oom nlKi X° 2 mm n » in : mt* J OF QUININE, THRF. DRUG HAS A ROHAH* TIC PARTED HISTORY. V Iu Flr * t ranee in England 's ed a Spanish Princess— Its Virtu< icovered by Accident H IS Grace the Duke of Fife, who is a chemist as well as a politician and a banker to boot, has recently communi¬ cated to the world all that he knows, and practically all that is known, con¬ qui¬ cerning that life-saving alkaloid, nine. The Duke says that medicine,” if qnjnine is not exactly a “household dnring the past few years it has cer¬ tain^ become a household word. And per rhape no other drug has a history more varied and interesting. Peru¬ vian bark first appeared in the London pharmacopoeia in 1677. It was, how¬ ever, used in England at least as early as the year 1655, and was advertised for sale in 1658 as “The excellent pow¬ der called by the name of Jesuits’ powder, brought over by one James Thomson, merchant of Antwerp. ” a But what is now universally known as quinine—one of the most important of the alkaloids—was not discovered till 1811; nor was it obtained in a pare Btate by complete separation from the other constituents of the bark until ten yearo afterward. Quite tifically, quinine may be described as the base, or essential principle, of the bark of certain individuals among the cinchona family of trees, This bark was first introduced into Europe in 1632, though it is generally said to have been unknown there before the return to Madrid of the Countess of / Cinchon, the wife of the Viceroy of Peru, in 1640. This lady, from whom the bark-producing trees derive their botanical name, had been cured by it of a fever contracted in Lima in 1638, . and her physician, by whom she wat accompanied to Europe, not unnatu¬ rally made much of the wonder-work¬ ing medicine. But the Jesuits who had settled in Peru were quite aware of its virtues at an earlier date. They were, at all events, the chief agents of its distri¬ bution ^n Europe, the powder obtained from the bark being then generally known as “Jesuits’ Powder.” In Madrid it was oall6d Countess’ Pow¬ der, and in RCme Pulvis Patrnm. From the latter city it speedily found its way to Brussels and Antwerp, where it was sold for its weight in silver, or about ten times the then price of opium. In 1658 twenty doses of the powder were sent from and Cardinal Borne to Paris Maz at a cost of $250, arin Ulness recopmended of Louis its XIV. ubo in That a danger- Peru us vian'bark was administered to the tereating Frenoh king piece is undoubted, of histon&fch bnt evi!< an in 011 ce points to a different source as the means of its introduction to that charts Iu 1679. a well known London physi¬ cian named Talbor cured Charles II. of tertian fever, with the now famous bark, which he regarded in the hands of skilled persons “as a noble and safe xnedioine. ” Compared with the nature of the “elixir,” which had been in all good faith compounded for James I. for a similar distemper, the new drug was indeedrirtMethv of admiration. The fame Frai|e of vharh physician. extended to and inis XIV’s surgeon published an a mt of Talbor’s treat men was ted into Eng¬ lish, Secrfilor l entitled Curingof^gues “Ttibor’s Wonderful and Fevers. ’* Tha prevalence and severity of these dimaasa, down to the dnd of the seven¬ teenth century, national ogoaed them to be re aa iflourges for which > “fever bark" was accepted as al teat a miraculous nan aces. Nor does hit estimate of i powers appear ex ariagant when A ludicrous and iflpn barbarous j kre of the reme Ills wnioh it g Aally snperseeded <a taken info co feration. “Plais and re among the prs-, ing nostrums, t their Ingredients • rather snggt ve of the contents wick’s oauld i than of the ben At I of later days, wss to be kl by music and W while the placing [ 1 patient’s of the Hliaa bead under gas 1 magical • value in Above ail, fear was pecially ne ce ssary ia ague, and the de¬ ny P&ave of the methods then been well oalcu Idoubted Re whether the of the bark was orig to the Peruvians, but the perns to be that its q«ali f understood by the na ti ore the Spouiards landed ml There is a tradition srties of fhe were 3y realised trim, by e fever- 1 n, rest by his being toft ba¬ eoapaaiona flowed whioh had c hark of the over* His cure was I . looked upon aa tr* Indians flocked to teof its s up poee d. .to’ atoq of tbe - |Ha.' SdXKTIFIC AM> irorswuik The spot* on the tan were first ob* Served in 1611* In South America rain frequently falls in torrents from a clear sky. The metals which have been proved to exist in the sun are iron, sodium, nickle, copper, zinc and marmm. A species of ape, closely resembling the African gorilla, has been discov¬ ered on the Mosquito coast, Nicar¬ agua. .used fly mile of wire, such as is in themanqfactare of hair springs for watches, would weigh less than half a pound. made in Artificial ice is now so Prance that upon giving it a rap it will separate into small cubes instead of irregular lumps. The lines over which it is proposed today submarine telegraph cables are now as carefully surveyed as any line o fproposed "fail road. A doctor says in time the lungs of Pittsburg folks get a very dark hue, on account of the so<jty smoke they are obliged to breath constantly. A late theory of catching cold is that when one enters a cold room after being heated the bacteria in the room flock to the warm body and enter it through open pores of the skin. An astronomer calculates that if the diameter of the sun is daily diminished by two feet, over 3000 years must elapse ere the astronomical instru¬ ments now in use could detect the dimunition. Sinoe the beginning of this century no less than fifty-two volcanic islands have risen out of the sea; nineteen disappeared, being submerged; the others remain, and ten are now in¬ habited. The colors of.the chameleon do not change instantaneously, but reqnire a considerable length of time. The change is a provision of natnre for the protection of a helpless animal from immune fh ble Anomies. ^Tfie strongest live animals vegetable in the world diet. are those that on a The lion is ferocious rather than strong. The bull, horse, reindeer, elephant and antelope, all conspicuous for. strength, choose a vegetable diet. It has been estimated by competent oivil engineers that the Mississippi Biver annually discharges 19,500,000,* 000,000 cubic feet of water into the Gulf of Mexico. Of thiB prodigious quantity the l-2900th part is se< nent. Thus it will be seen that the. mtfll ___ in sippi annually deposits enough mile the gulf to cover a square of sur face to a depth of 240 feet A collection of bird bones recently received by the Paris Academy of Science, indicates that at a period contemporary with man Madagascar contained at least twelve species of the gigantic birds, all capable of/flight The conditions under which the bones were found indicate that the birds lived on shores, with troops of small hippopotami, crocodiles g$a turtles. It is a remarkable fact that no species of flower ever embraces, in the colors of its petals, the whole range of the speotram. Where there are yellows blue And and reds there are no blues; when red occur there are no yellows, and when we have blues and yellows there are no reds. Tulips come nearer to covering the whole range of the spectrum than any other species. They oan be found ranging through reds, yellows and pur¬ ples, but a blue one has never been found.. , The ChaageableTlower oft'hlua. The botanical oddity of tbe Flowery Kingdom is the flowering tree, Known to the scientists as the Hibiscus nta tabilis. Its beautiful flowers, gener¬ ally double, are pure snow iu the morning, bright pink at noon and of into a deep, blood sky-blue red by at bedtime. sunset, fading The a leaves of this particular tree somewhat resemble those of the grapevine, being deeply notohed, or seriated, rough and of variable lengths. The tree is not only a native of China and Japan, but is found in great profusion in In¬ dia, Corea and Siam. The “Cham¬ eleon flower" (so called on aocount o! its changeable colors, because not yet scientifically identified sad named), recently Tehauntepee, discovered in the Isthmus of is only au American variety of Hibiscus mutabilis. In ease of the former, the colors do not pass abruptly from one shade to another, but change gradually from the saft white of the morning to the pink,end red of noon mod evening, «id thence ^ to'ihe blue of night. . • The Tehaun tepee tree is l^ger than its Chinese relative of ■»—jla* habits, the flowers have the peealarity of only giving forth perfume Vhen they are red. Several other species of. Chinese and trees bear fl owers whioh change oolor daily, chief of which is the Oriental hydrangea, which changes from bright green to a deep pink.— St, Louis Republic. ~ ; Tartan to old t- boarding-house joke • ehronio grumbler mid to his tondtodv that she provided bear boarders with the very beat salt he bsfa^y, had ever tested, Tbiswteeuppoeedto but as f of *Jrit , ^ 1. % . « 0 L « The latest fad among the pretty girls is to talk woman suffrage. Lilly Langtry, the actress, claims to be only forty-one years old. Women gardeners are in great de¬ mand in England and Germany. Butterfly bows are very popular this season, and are seen on' almost every thing. In Holland an attempt is being m ade to pass a bill allowing women bt be elected to Parliament. Mrs. Cleveland, wife of the Pres!' dent, dresses her hair in the . stylf known as the “Diana knot.” The Baroness Emma Bporri, of Nor¬ way, is said to be the best known wo man painter in northern Europe. Qneen Victoria has sixty pianos at Osborne, Windsor and Buc kin g ham Palace. Many of them are hired. Rosa Young, a direct descendant of one of the Pitcairn mutineers and at; woman of more than usual intelligence, is writing a history of the Pitcairn colony. The first woman to be elected a member of the Yacht Racing Aseocia-i tion of Great Britain is Miss Mabel Cox, of Southampton, who owns the cutter Fiera. - Madam Marchesi, of Paris, is thg most famous vocal teacher’ in the world. She has trained nearly all the great singers of this generation, inoiuding Melba, Calve and Eames. The jewels of Mme. Tetrazzine, tha most famous prima donna in South America, were recently seized for debt, when it was found that all tha gems were made of paste. Miss Baker, who is professor of Greek and Latin at Simpson College, Indiana, iB only thirty-two, and it is &Cd that when she was fourteen she slated one of the plays of /Feohylus,, Miss Charlotte M. Yonge, the Eng- lish writer, is tall and inolined to stoutness. ' Her hair is white—she id now in her seventies—and ahe has large dark fr^ow n eyes that are full of expression. > It is said that the Khedive’s mother! has picked out as a bride for her son tha jkjnoess of Naime, daughter of tha Sultan 5)aikey, who was born in 1876, and is said to be beautiful and highly cultured ________ The Empress of Austria haa a pa-, thetio delusion. She fancies that her unhappy son, the Crown Prinoe Bu dolph, is still a baby. A big doll has been given her, which she fondles and 1 keeps constantly by her. folded Satin ribbon, three inches wide,?* to ther width of the ordinary collar and fastened 1 he side HMt saucy, butterfly bow, a change from the shirred velvet co or, that has re ceived the approval of (amadela Mode. Miss,Alice E. Hayden,, of Madison, Wis., has distinguished herself abd surprise^ her neighbors by shooting a big wildcat. Miss Hayden, although. '• a fragile Eastern girl, handles a rifle with the ease and skill of an old hon¬ ter. iv The Princess Beatrice $foaely fol¬ lows all the topical songs, and after dinner at Balmoral the Queen ire quently listens to a medley of-popular airs played by the Prinoess, '.who all theatrical matters is thoroughly up to date. ' - v . * '■ j The estate of “Prinoess” Kaiulani,' according to a. late report of her tros-, ’ tee, is not very extensive. It consist* of something like a bushel of jewels, spine sugar stock, a little real estate and a small interest in the property, left by her mother. “A Contest of Silence” is the,novel entertainment to be given by the mem¬ bers of a woman’s sewing society fa Indianapolis. Last year the first wo¬ minutes. man to' speak was quiet lor. only three* The winner held her tongue for seconds. nineteen minutes and >./•*• twenty} *. • • * ’ .. Mrs. Susan Stewart Fraekleton, of Milwaukee, Wis., has attained great, distinction as a potter. She is Presi- ' deaf of Ahe National League of Min - eral Painters, and is the author of A work which is used as a text book at, the South K ens i n gton Art Museum, { London. , . * . The Empress Frederick has indneed Berlin societies of amateur' photog- i raphers abyut to international oo-opentie exhibition in brining, an of photographs Her iy by amateurs in 1895.' Mty as haa ha* undertaken to be * Henry, pafronesa, and requested Priaoeas to act as her substitute ea tha oonunittee. . , - ' , ' A blonde requires a softer ■hade of gwen than the brunette. Too brig]* a hue would giye to tbe fair-haired,, fan skinned woman a swallow washed outlook. Sat H Is writ to know that this eoler, as well as all other* can bo' softened and rendered wearable Idtttu Kitty Blank, aged tour,; paatod ber doffs cheek* with briofc dasi sn i i wa to r and 1 eyebrows with mk. in the who rouged i ;