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GEORGIA IN BRIEF. sewsy ITEMS GATHERED HERE AND THERE OVER THE STATE And Condensed Into Pithy and luter * esting Paragraphs. s o Mexico will make a great exhibit at the Cotton States Exposition. The visit of Mr. C. H. Redding, the com¬ missioner of the Exposition company, seems to have been already a success¬ ful one. President’ Diaz states that he will make a good display of the re¬ sources of his republic. The sixth annual session of the tri¬ state Medical Association of Georgia, Alabama and Tennessee met in Atlan¬ ta, Tuesday. The association has been organized something over five years, and numbers among its members the leading physicians of the three states covered by its territory. The dispensary commissioners of Athens have decided to sell whisky by the half pint hereafter. This change was made after a careful consideration of the question, believing that it would lessen the consumption of whisky. The new commissioners have decided to sell some high grade whiskies at the dispensary and also to fix up the prem¬ ises in better style. % The recent disastrous wreck on the Atlanta and West Point road was much worse than was indicated by first re¬ ports. Fifteen people were hurt, one of whom is dead and one other person may die. The nature of the wreck was such that it is almost a miracle that "there were so few of tho passengers in¬ jured. People who viewed the scene declare it to be one of the worst wrecks they have ever witnessed. • * * Fifty-two counties have been heard from officially on the vote for the con¬ stitutional amendment increasing the number of supreme court judges from three to five. Twenty-eight counties C eard from give majorities for e amendment aggregating 21,427. Twenty-four counties give majorities against the amendment aggregating 13,043. This makes a net majority in fifty-two counties for the amendment of 8,884. That farming in the sonth pays when properly condncted is demonstrated by the experience of a cotton factor in Augusta, who during the past fifteen years has made advances to and dealt with over 3,000 planters, white and black, educated and uneducated, in fourteen counties of Georgia and six of South Carolina. During this period he has seen many hundreds of cases m which a farmer would commence with¬ out a cent of cash, or any equipment, hire an animal, rent a farm from some land owner, and make enough the first year to pay the rental and buy the an¬ imal, while in another year he could buy another horse or mule, or make the first cash payment upon the land, «Dd within a few mcreyears would own ell the land he wanted and be drawing several hundred dollars a year in profits .—Bainbridge Globe. * • » Oil In Georgia. Colonel D. B. Dyer and Major George T. Barnes, of Augusta, have recently been on a prospecting tour in Wilkes county that possibly means the opening np of a new industry in that section. For some time past these gentlemen have been in communica¬ tion with parties in Wilkes regarding the flow of petroleum that has been discovered on Broad river in that county. Tbe object of the trip was to investigate this spring and Colonel Dyer brought back specimens of oil which he will have examined by Dr. Beach man, of the chemical works. Oil percolates slowly from pores of large white rock and is of a slate color which can easily be refined and bright¬ ened. An Augnsta syndicate has al¬ ready secured an option on the land and final purchase depends on the analysis of Dr. Beachman and farther prospecting in the shape of a well that will be bored within the next month. On the aame tract of land is also a splendid natural water power which could easily be used for turning ma¬ chinery of an oil mill. ( The'Weather Report. Tho whimsical tropical storm that was sweeping toward the state Monday night changed its mind and its course. A fail in the mercury, followed by a general clearing up, Is the latest bulle¬ tin from, the weather bureau, and the storm, which gras to have Mown its bellows against tbe Blue Ridge mount* ains and spread destruction in its path, was turned into s mild and frisky breese. There will be no further news of tbe storm. The reduction in the temperature and the clearing up of the sky ia the formal opening of the season into fairer weather and the velvet march of beautiful October days. In the southern portion of the state the injury resulting from the storm rather and many of the crops were injured, but no A —isgt had reported from the bigtwr latitudes. ^With next wes t’s bulletin. Every reporter is earnestly requested to send in a final report. In addition to the the give your opinion of, m ing. Has It beta a fair into ton of all business? well or Kf • • •vernur’Norflieu has been serve! with lotices of several whio!i,he will turn iver to the legislature to be aeted upon, t’lie contestants on. both sides claim rands in the election of their op¬ ponents. Jj. ,0. Hardeman, democratic nomi¬ nee for the senate from the 33d dis¬ trict, contests the election of T. 8. Johnson, populist. J. T. MeGehee and J. H. Booker, of Harris connty, contest the election of R. B. 1 r iylor and S. D. Greer. , .A- L. Bartlett con teats the election of WilliamvU. Gray as representative from Paulding county. J. R. Leard, the populist candidate for the legislature from Hart evunty, conteststhe democrat-./ election of A, G. McCurry, J. M. McMichael, the populist can¬ didate from Butts, contests the elec¬ tion-of T. J. Dempsey. J. D. Benson and James Sibley, the populist candidates from Cobb, con¬ test the election of T. N. Helland and J. W, Awtrey, the democratic mem¬ ber s. — —-----: ----- J. R. Irwin, the populist candidate from Rockdale, contests the election of A. J. Smith. J. D. Howard, the democratic nom inee from Baldwin county, contests the election of E. Ennis, Jr. John L. Smith and "W. N. Jones, the democratic candidates from Troup, contest the eleotion of Js H. Pitman and Sledge Tatum. populist A, M. Baxter,the candidate for the senate from the thirty-fourth district, contests the election of C. H. Brand. ^ J. W. Waller and J. W. Jones, the populists, contest the election of A. L. Smith and H. Burwell to the legisla¬ ture from Hancock county. H. M. Kaigler, the populist candi¬ date for the legislature from Quitman, contests the election of William Harri¬ son. J. W. Wood, of Clarke, contests the eleotion of T. S, Mell. Dr. J. B. Bell contests the election of J. T. Worley, from Elbert. M. Branch, not Mel Branch, con¬ tests the election of G. T. Milton, from Appling connty. R. M. Brown, from Clay, contests the election of Clarence Wilson. H. O. Russell contests the election of T. A. Parker in Talbot. James T. Laboon and R. W. Haynie, of Walton, contest the election of A. J. Arnold and M. F. Hurst. Alfred Davis contests the hie ection of E. L. Walker, of Pierce. \ W. Newton contests the election | of W. M. Wallace from Morgan. A. O. Blalock contests William Cook in Fayette; J. F. Jones contests H. D. Moore in Clayton; J. R. Hill and 8. H. Zellner contest B. 8. Welling ham and R. C. McGongh in Monroe; 8. W. Yapp contests J. 8. Vanghn in Twiggs; T. B. Davis contests O. A. Moore in Heard; A. E. Bird contests William Spier in Effingham, and T. J. Stapler and J. A. Thompson contest L. F. Sell and G. W. P. Bennett in Jackson. SUSPENDING OFFICERS. Governor Tillman Wants to Discip¬ line Mutinous C^ipanles. A Columbia, 8. C., special says: Governor Tillman has issued a special order in reference to the military companies who refused to go to Dar¬ lington at the time ot the dispensary disturbance. The commissioned offi¬ cers of the following commands are suspended, beginning April 1st last: German Fusiliers, Mont¬ gomery Guards, Irish Volun teers, Palmetto Guards, Sumter Guards, Carolina Rifles, Company B of the Washington Light Infantry, German artillery, all of Charleston, the Gordon Volunteers, Orangeburg; the Gordon Light Infantry, Winns boro; the Catawba Rifles, Lancaster; the Governor’s Guards, Columbia; the Zouaves and Richland Volunteers, Co¬ lumbia; the Jenkins Rifles, York ville. Exceptions are made in the case of Captains Alston, of the Richland Volunteers; Ander¬ son, of the Columbia Rifles, and Cogs¬ well, of the Washington Light Infant¬ ry. The suspension also includes the staff officers of the fourth brigade, General T. A. Hugunin commanding. It is further ordered: “That the non¬ commissioned officers and men com¬ posing the above named companies are forbidden to exercise any of the fune tions of militiamen until further or¬ ders from the commander-in-chief.” THESE GOT GOLD. Bold Bandits Hold Up a Train in California. The Coastbound overland train, due at Sacramento, Cal., Friday night,was held up by two masked men about six miles below the city. The robbers, armed with revolvers, compelled the engineer and fireman to accompany them to the express ear, where Mes¬ senger Page was told that if he did not open the doors the engineer and fireman would be shot. Page, how¬ ever, at first attempted resistance and fired twice, bat, feering' the trainmen would be hilled, be let the bandits in the oar, where they secured four bags of gold, con¬ taining about $1,500. The robbers then uncoupled tbe engine and after running it toward the city a short dis¬ tance, reversed it and jumped off nuking their escape. The eng* into the uncoupled train but the had run low, It is stated that the report of the of U, 6 US WASHINGTON NOTES NEWS CONCERNING THE VARI¬ OUS DEPARTMENTS. Sayings and Doings of the President and Members of the Cabinet. » Judge McComas, of the district su¬ preme court, Friday denied the appli¬ cation of the Miles Sugar Mnnufactur ing Company, of Louisiana, for a man¬ damus to compel Secretary Carlisle to appoint inspectors to ascertain the sugar production of the company. The object of the suit, it is Understood, was to test the legality of the recent repeal of the sugar bounty provision of the McKinley law, and also to lay the foundation for an appeal to con¬ gress for the payment of the bounty for the current year. The officials of the bureau of engrav¬ ing and printing express the* opinion that the losses of postage stamps by the thefts of Smith and his confeder¬ ates will not exceed $1,200 or $1,500. Up to this time five postmasters in different parts of the country have made complaints of shortages iu the invoices of stamps shipped them, but in each case the loss was very sipall. It is expected that by the middle of the coming week they will have re¬ ceived? reports from all postmasters whose shipments of stamps cpuld have been tampered with. The Souvenir Half Dollars. The Chicago souvenir coin of the great world’s fair is to become a cur¬ rent half dollar. It was at one time supposed that these coins would com¬ mand fancy prices as souvenirs. This expectation was not realized. The whole issue authorized by congress would have been turned over to the world’s fair managers but for their vi¬ olation of the agreement, which was made a condition of the gift in respect to opening the fair on Sunday. Owing to this breach of the agreement, $1,- 695,980 in souvenir halves remained in the treasury at the close of the fair. A demand having recently sprung up for them at their face value, Secretary Carlisle has issued an order to the subtreasuries directing them to pay ouj on demand the souvenir coins at the same ratio as the legalized half dollar of the United States, namely, at par with gold. Vincent Bounced. 8. 8. Vincent, United States mar¬ shal for the district of West Virginia, at the request of the attorney-general, has resigned and D. Garden has been appointed to the vacancy. Mr. Vin¬ cent was appointed iu 1893.’ In Sep¬ tember last Vinocntsand several depu¬ ties were present at a political meet¬ ing at Wayne, W. Va. At the conclu¬ sion of the address, which did not please him, Vincent arose to reply, whereupon many of the andience left the hall. This seemed to have an¬ gered Vincent and an altercation arose, which culminated in an affray, during which one man was killed and three others wounded. The marshall and his deputies were arrested and are un¬ der bond to await the action of the grand jury. Complaints have been made to the attorney general that twico before Vincent or his deputies bad been guilty of creating disturban¬ ces at political meetings at Blnefleld and Huntington. «<•*" Expenditures and Receipts. Official figures obtained from the treasury books show that up to last Monday the expenditures for the fiscal year have exceeded the receipts $9,- 500,000. For the corresponding pe¬ riod of 1893 the expenditures exceeded the receipts $22,500,000. The annual report of the commissioner of customs to the secretary of the treasury con¬ tains the statement that the “under¬ mentioned districts and ports reported no transactions” daring the fiscal year ended Jane 30, 1894, In the appended list are the follow¬ ing: Annapolis, Md.; Apalachicola, Fla.; Atlanta, Ga.; Beanfort, 8. C.; Brunswick, Ga.; Chattanooga, Tenn.; Che rrystone, Va.; eastern Maryland; St. Fcrnandina, Fla.; St Augustine, Fla., Mark’s, Fla.; St Mary’s Ga.; Georgetown, 8, C.; Stonington, Conn.; Natchez, Mias.; Newport News, Va.; Pamlico, N. C.; Pearl Hirer, Mias.; Pensacola, Fla.; Petersburg, Va.; Richmond, Va.; Rappahannock, Va., and Teche, La. All the ports named have a collector, and many 'clerks. of than deputy collectors and The collectors either receive a stated salary or fee compensation. General Schofield’* Report. Major General Schofield, general in-chief ot the army, has made to the secretary of war his report on tbe op¬ erations of the may during the past year. The report is of peculiar that in¬ terest, both on aoeount of the fact in it General Schofield, who has beat at the bead of the since the death of General Sheridan, his retirement next year, and from tbs fact that it is principally devoted to the of the of srengthening the ilitary asm fhter- of the government to oops with oal disorder as weO*as with possible being to the Debs strike. General Schofield is a politician well as a soldier, and well point of view. He sfi to hettoffta. MiftTjflEi-Sit Mr. Clark Secretary Carlisle wrote to stating that the connty commissioners of Floyd county proposed to issue a certain amount of county bonds, bar¬ ing a lew rate of interest, in denomi¬ nations of five, ten and twenty dollars. One of the purposes in view'in issuing these bonds was the intention of using them the same as local currency. Mr. Clark inquired whether such action would conflict in any way with the United States banking laws. Mr. Car¬ lisle referred the letter to Mr. Beeves, who advised the secretary that no stat¬ ute of the United States prohibits the issuance of county bonds in any de¬ nomination. According to Mr. Reeves any connty has a right to issue bonds when not in contravention to the con¬ stitution of the state. As to the state bank tax of 1875, Mr. Reeves says that the word “county” is not enumerated among the corporations, persons, firm, association, state bank or state banking associations, and, therefore, county bonds are not subject to the 10 per cent tax. TRADE TOPICS. R. G. Dun & Co.’s Report of Business for the Past Week. R. G. Dun & Co.’s weekly review of trade says: Business is still waiting for the development of retail trade. There is a little better demand in some industries, but not so good in others. Wholesale dealers in nearly all branches are halting because retail business does not yet show distinctly what it is to be. Lower prices for the great farm staples and lower wages in sonje establishments hinder purchases for consumption, while political interest and uncertainty also have some retarding influence. Mean¬ while large imports and small exports of merchandise with inadequate employ¬ ment for money here are raising the rates of foreign exchange, so that pos¬ sibilities of gold exports sometimes affect the stock market. The halting attitude for the money is disturbing to those who have looked for continued gain, though rightly considered it is the natural consequence of conditions which were to be expected at this season. “Reports from the different cities show, as they did a week ago, that while' extreme low prices for cotton and wheat are checking retail pur¬ chases iu the west and south, there is nevertheless a gradual gain. Monetary movements indicate that the expected expansion of interior trade has not been wholly realized, and the demand for currency from this city has mate¬ rially slackened. The demand for commercial loans is weaker, and 3 per cent is quoted for prime four months' paper. Foreign imports for two weeks have been $6,900,000, of 56 per cent larger than last year, while in exports of domestio products a decrease of II per cent appears for two weeks in Oc¬ tober. Tet custom receipts for the two weeks are only $280,000 larger than last year, and internal revenue $1,280,000 smaller. records larger “The iron industry a production in September than in any other month this year, but as prices are gradually weakening because of in¬ sufficient demand for finished products, some works are preparing to close or shorten time. The demand ?ot cotton goods has materially slackened, and prices have been irregular, although resumption of work at Fall River and New Bed¬ ford with only five per cent lower wa¬ ges indicates confidence in the future. The woolen mills still have numerous belated orders for fall goods, but the demand for spring does not increase, though in nearly all the lower-priced products domestic makers app a 1 to command most of the busin that exists. / “Failures tor the woek end!] Octo ber 4th show liabilities of $1,714,276, of which $805,885 are pf manufactur¬ ing and $892,391 are of trading con¬ cerns. The final report for Septem¬ ber shows liabilities of only $7,307,- 124, of which $3,264,373 are of manu¬ facturing and $3,710, 092 of trading concerns. The failures of this week have been 231 in the United States, against 293 last year, and forty-three in Canada, against forty-two last year. HURRICANE IN NEW YORK. Great Damage Results sad a Number of lives Lost. A New York special of Wednesday says: The gulf storm which broke up¬ on this section shortly after midnight has done great damage on sea and on land. The tracks of the New Jersey Southern railroad, between See Bright and Highland Beach, N. J., have been covered with sand and washed up by the waves. The fishing smack Louise was driven ashore at Highland Beach, and is a to¬ tal loss. Her crew of ten men was taken off by the life saving crew. At Sea Bright and vicinity, a number of buildings were unroofed. At Long Island City the big iron tank belonging to the East River Gas Company was blown down to within five feet of its foundation. The tank was 200 feet high and 185 feet wide. The police wires were all blown down, and small boats all along tbe dun from Long Island City to Bow¬ ary bay beach were broken and thrown upon the beech. mu>no blows down. A large, seven-story brick building No. of erection at 74 ted on a tiny, and a dwelling leaked it on either aide. nwr|y twenty in ** * sad tea in a to on mdhy 8 kj«-had lamb TELEGRAPHIC NEWS ' - T 9 / CONDENSED FROM OUK MOST 131 PORT ANT DISPATCHES. V Short and Crisp Items of General Interest to Our Readers. Fire at Omaha, Neb., Sunday night destroyed $200,000 worth of property in the wholesale district. Johnson’s bonded warehouse, Felix Cuelman’s stores, and a large adjoining coffee warehouse at Antwerp, Belgium, have been destroyed by fire. The loss wiU foot np a very large sum. M. Pingnalt, a prominent sngar bro¬ ker in Paris has been arrested charged with embezzling the snm of 144,000 pounds, which, it is clamed, was due to Baron Hirsch, the complainant, as the result of recent speculations in sugar. A dispatqh to the London Chronicle from Rome says that the Russian min¬ ister lias assured the pope that the re-. port sent of the ezar’s illness are much exaggerated, and that the malady from which he is suffering, while serious, is not incurable. A Paris newspaper announces that a number of government and munioipal officials in the city have received let¬ ters from anarchists in London con¬ taining violent threats against these officials, and also "Defending Caesario Santo, the murderer of President Car¬ not. Severe sentences were pronounced in the district court at Ogden, Utah, Saturday on Decamp, McDonnell and King, found guilty by a jury of at¬ tempted train wrecking during the American Railway Union, strike. Af¬ ter a lecture by the judge the three men were sentenced to imprisonment and as follows: King 4 years, Deoainp McConnell 2 years each in the peni¬ tentiary. The Unson foundry and Pullman Car Wheel Company, of Pullman, Ill., has filed articles of surrender of char¬ ter. The capital stock is $500,000, divided into 5,000 shares, of which Geo. M. Pullman owned 4,993. On September 29th the directors decided on dosing np. The assets of the com¬ pany were sold and the proceeds di¬ vided among the stockholders and the charter surrendered. A dispatch from Kansas City, Mo., says: J. A. R. Elliott is now a cham¬ pion wing shot of the world. Friday he defeated Dr. Carver by a score of 99 to 98 in the last of a series of three matches, two of which were won by Elliott. In this series was done the most wonderful trap shooting ever witnessed, and the scores of both con¬ testants stand without parallel live in birds. the records of trap Bhooting at A dispatch received at the foreign office in London from the British con¬ sul at Lourenzo Marquez, says the Kaffirs have entered the outskirts of that port, burned a number of houses and murdered seventeen persons. An¬ other dispatch from Lonrenzo Mar¬ quez, on Delagoa bay, says the Portu¬ guese there are hemmed in by 80,000 Kaffir natives. The town is strongly barricaded. The natives looted the suburbs of the town and burned many houses. The republican state central oom mittee of Kansas has made public the affidavit of T. L. Dixon, superintend¬ ent and matron of the state asylum for the deaf and dumb, at Olathe.in which Mrs. Mary Lease, who was president of the state board of charities, is ac¬ cused of advising them to steal from the patients and give her a portion of the rake-off. They also charge that the board appropriated anfficient to defray the expenses of its members to the world’s fair. Four men were hilled, two were fa¬ tally injured and several others pain¬ fully burned by a disastrous boiler explosion that occurred at (he Henry Clay oolliery at Shamokis, Penn., Thursday morning. The entire steam supplying plant of the mine, consist¬ ing of thirty-six boilers, wee totally the demolished, and in addition to monetary loss which will aggregate $80,000, the Henry Clay, Big collieries Mount¬ ain, Sterling and Peerless will be unable to resume operations for at least a month. A special from Harrisburg, Pa. says: Iron and steel mills unprecedented in this locality afre enjoying an era of pros¬ perity. At the Pennsylvania rails Steel and Works the production of week the Bessemer steel tbe past was heaviest of years The three fnrnaoes in bleat averaged nearly three hundred tone daily. For three days the Besse¬ mer mill averaged 120 blooms every twenty-four hours. The nil mill made 4,000 tone of rails daring the week, the largest production in its history. Charles W. Garland, a prominent republican politician, has been rested at Guthrie, Oklahoma, oaf a charge of perjury in a land ease. For a month or more from one to three residents of the territory have been arrested d on the Fully 200 indictments are bow pend¬ ing in the United States oonrt for the same crime, and about fi tty have been sentenced to the peniten¬ tiary, all for committing perjury in attempting to secure a homestead der the present land laws. At the concluding session ot the Bankers’ Association at Bah ot settling tbs currency question nine adopted. A committee of appointed to lay the plan before The Charles C. Homer, of Baltimore; Horace White, of New York; Joespi 0. Hendricks, of New Yprk; Bkipwith ; B. J. “ of Ge.; A. B. Sew Yoik; of Ht. Louis; a L. Christian, of Va., and W. T. Baker, of < I AMEND! i Mm - »g. Will be No &*<a i____ preme Bench. The amendment to the state cons tution to increase the number of a preme court judges was lost by a < jority of 1,952 votes. pension the di The amendment to abled and indigent confederate vs erans was carried by • * majority < 22,566. amendment to change _____ the The sei sion of the state legislature to th summer, was lost by a majority o 27,718. figures from the oil ' r- - These are Thu* consolidation at the capital, left morning, with five counties ot The governor and the secretai state consolidated the votes for i senators, representatives, and the on the amendments. The vote governor and state house officers be Five consolidated counties by the Colquitt, legislature. Early, | g — McIntosh, Echols and did not send in returns, or, by mis¬ take, enclosed them in envelope# ad¬ dressed to the legislature, and can not be opened as yet The official votes from three oounties —Early, and Colquitt—on the amendment increase the jfidges is known, however. These three eonnties decrease the ma¬ jority against this amendment to 1,603. The two counties not heard from, Echols and McIntosh, did not. have a total vote of quite a thousand for Nor then and Peek in 1892, and the returns from these counties cannot possibly change the result as to any of the three amendments. THE OFFICIAL VOTE. The official vote on the supreme court amendment was as follows: For the amendment, 56,827 ;ag insi the amendment, 58,279 ; maj against, 1,952. pension | The official vote on the amendment was as follows: For the amendment, 68,759; lor the amendment, 46,198 ; majority 22,566. official ^ the 1 The vote on amendment was as follows: For the amendment, 42,252; against the amendment, 69,970; mfij against amendment, 27,718. •i. $ IN THE CANDIDATES’ CIRCUITS. Taking the vote on the sop oonrt amendment in the ciroui some of the aspirants for seats on tha bench, some interesting facts we shown, chief among which is that Judge George F. Gobef’s circuit was largely instrumental in defeating**" measure. In the Atlanta circuit, where J« Marshal J. Clarke and Hon. A. Cobb, reside, the majority tot amendment was as follows: Fnlton oounty, 2,544. In the Augosta circuit, where majorit; Majo Joseph Ganahl resides, the was as follows: Burke oounty, 2,821, and Richi 2,864, for the amendment; and Inmbia, 618; McDuffie, 445, the ag the amendment Total for an ment, 4,227. Judge Go In the Bine Ridge, agri* district, every connty went amendment, aa follows: Cherokee, 1,479; Cobb, 1,085;! son, 491; Fannin, 697; Forsyth, Pioke l,801j Gilmer, 288; Milton, the *608; d ~ 624. Total against am sa m 6,421. In other words, it was Judge Go 1 JJ district that the piled np heavy tics against amendment endow its defeat Split at Fall River. The weavers, at a moating la River, Saturday, voted 875 to 7 to return to work. Tho to go to work 290 to 94. t ATLANTA TT. CORRECTED .T. Lemrisrti aoci sbefas l»Ci tta fled ffiS’SL. o|jK ysBow ertre 0 New CMmmsMiee4tei Kola tOOftta. 22038. 1 Utkin &r7&r ! sr f - TtewUsU White 70S, 1 Mb, Half bMs. 100 bsadka-Twates turanUos. 40 I 00 *00i $4 00; 5 grow < flfe XXXpcsrt u &* «1 X lua*l 1*. «Mt*n mu umt IU0i rX t fit JO. 1 ' n* wWte 17s; m. £■ 5 95c; No. 1 timet x Umi— Ftats We; fiLOH jjjff* ips * 1ST. . i ■ ■ :v '