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Banks County Jo urn al.
VOL. 2.
If you want the best
PIANO or ORGAN for the
Least Money and on the
most reasonable terms,
we’ve got ’em.
HAMILTON M
MONARCH ORGANS.
on which we offer 3PEC
CIAL INDUCEM ENTS.
We will be pleaded to haye you exam
ine our goods, or write for Catalogue and
Prices-
CONAWAY’S ffiUSIC HOUSE.
ATHENS, <; V
HAVE YOUR BUGGY
R- J. DVAR Sc CO-,
Old Wagon made good as new. We do tl kind of
work in Wood and Iron at reasonable prices.
* •*/)>: * toCMlif nr/fr jW
Ovm Goo on jlp£ meBEST
Oon P/t/ces ' rjre com&st
\shrw/7W(9
HOMER, GA„, THURSDAY, AUGUST, 18 189*.
CROPS IN GEORGIA
HELPED BY RAINS
No Further Cultivation After
This Date Required.
WORK FOR COMING MONTH
Commissioner of Agriculture Nesbitt
t'rges Continued Activity 111 Curry
ing Out All Fluns Formulated at
the Beginning of tho Year.
Department of Agriculture,
Atlanta, Aug. 1, 1898.
The widely distributed rains, follow
ing the long continued drouth, have,
caused some shedding of the cottou,
and, in some instances, came too lato to
rescue the corn crop, but, as a rule,
crops throughout tho state aro in good
coudition and furthor cultivation after
this date Is not only unnecessary, but
might provo actually hurtful. Tho
“laying by” of these standard crops
should not mean a cessation of farm
activity, nor an entire abandonment of
the p'ans so carefully formulated in the
beginning of tho year. Fortunately for
Georgia tho strictly “cotton farm,” ex
cept in rare instances, is a thing of the
past.
In nearly all sections of the state
there is hay to be saved, orchards and
vineyards to be looked after, cattlo and
hogs to receive the proper caro, and
lastly, fall crops to be prepared for.
Another Important branch of his work,
to which the average farmer has been
so far woefully indifferent, is the de
struction of tho various insect enemies,
which are beginning to infest our fields
and depredate on onr crops. To keep
these in check it has become necessary
that each individual farmer wago
an incessant warfare on them. At
this season much may he done to des
troy their breeding places. In tho
stubble fields, m tho fence corners and
in many hypiacea they will be found
entrenched, preparing for their winter
accommodation m order to bo ready in
the spring to start out on their destruc
tive work with tho first warm days. If
neglected now tho result will 1m an as
tonishing increase in numbers and in
the amount of injury to various crops.
In Tennessee in 1894 tho chinch bug
was observed in different sections of
the state, but not in numbers sufficient
to cause any alarm and no precautions
were taken to prevent their rcappear
ance. In 1895 a territory of nearly (109
square miles was literally covered by
these depredutors, and the farmers in
this section not only sustained great loss
by the actual injury to their crops, but
wero compelled to at considerable ex
pense destroy the hordes of bugs chi; ;i
infested ©very part of their fields. Wo
need not therefore lay ihe flattering
unction to onr souis that the season of
“laying by” is a season of on ire “rest.”
While there may be a comparative let
up in the driving y/ork necessary to tho
proper management of yonr standard
crops there are still various farm oper
ations just as important which should
not be “laid by.” Indeed, after nearly
49 years’ experience on the farm, wo
have como to the conclusion that, for
the up to-dato farmer, "laying by’time”
comes only whan life itself ccasoa.
FALL CROPS.
Because we havo failed in one or even
two trials with crimson clover we should
not abandon the attempt to grow it. It
is certainly a most valuable adjunct to
our forage supply, besides performing
for our lands during the winter the
work which the pea crop accomplishes
in the summer, namely, storing up both
humus and nitrogen for future crops
The general mistake in planting fall
oats and rye, two of our most impor
tant crops, is that they are put in too
late and the land is not made rich
enough. If the seed are put in early
and the crop forced forward by high
manuring, the result is usually most
satisfactory. In very cold weather it is
always tho rich spots which escape,
sometimes when the poor thin spots
aro entirely killed out. Tho pres
ent year tho spring oats wero an entire
failure, while the fall crop was unusu
ally fine. August is none too early to
begin the preparations for all crops to
bo sown in the fall. After the laud is
thoroughly broken it should be har
rowed and reharrowed until smooth
and tine. Time was when the prepara
tion and cultivation of our lands, though
of the rudest and most imperfect
character, produced phenomenal crops,
because the virgin soil abounded in the
elements of plant food. But today,
thoughtful farmers realize tho fact that,
even in our incomparable climate,
where we can produce two or three
crops on tho same land each year, the
time has passed when muscle can count
against brain. All over the state we
begin to see the evidences of this.
BRAIN WORK.
Intelligent energy is taking tho place
of mere plodding. The farmers who
have a well defined, thoroughly studied
plan, which they follow with unfailing
pertinacity, are the men who are forg
ing to the front in successful agricult
ure. Science, by its discovery of com
plete-plant foods, and by it; equally im-
Ttnrfnnt findings as to the food reoniro
rnenrs oi amereuc crops, points out tne
means, but it remains for the farmer to
take hold of these means and by ju
dicious rotation of crops, thorough
preparation of the land and proper
cultivation, to promote the chemical
changes necessary to the most profitable
development of his business. Some of
the results of such caretul methods are
seen in the yields of wheat and oats
reported to this department the present
year, larger than ever before, in some
cases almost phenomenal.
THE STANDARD BALE.
Equally important with the careful
saving and baling of our cotton is the
necessity of meeting the complaints
made by the various transj ortation com
panies and mills against the different
sizes of onr American bahs. The loss
of space in storing these bales, and the
generally damaged condition in which
our cotton reaches foreign markets,
have given rise to a general protest, and
as about three-fourths of our cotton is
handled by European buyers, it is to our
interest to meat their demands in this
respect.
Tho discriminations which may ha
made against our cotton ou account of
tlieso objections may amount, in the ag
gregate to an incredible sum. It has
been found after several tests that the
host size for couvoniouce of handling
and storing is tho halo made iroia a
press measuring 24 inches in width by
64 inches in length. This is lhe size ad
vocated by all the cotton growers' asso
ciations. This size, *4x34, lifts been
found to press to a greater density, and
after being compressed for final ship
ment the original bagging will entire y
cover the compressed halo and thus
much of tho injure- from the rough
handling of our cotton will lio pre
vented.
All this redounds to the interest of
the farmer, because all tho extra ex
penses from waste of space, higher in
surance and actual waste of cotton are
charged against his cotton in the gen
eral account, and any method which
will reduce these expenses will add that
much to the price.
In a circular addressed to the ginners
of the south, issued by J. H. Sloan of
Augusta, Ga., one oi tho loading cottou
men of the south, he cays that our cot
ton, as a rule, reaches the Europoau
manufacturers in such badly damaged
condition that they refuse to pay a good
price for it. He has made a study of
this subject and is in a position which
gives him every opportunity of ascer
taining its true status. In nis address
to the ginuershe says:
Wo take the liberty of calling your
attention to the importance of exerting
ail our efforts in favor of the adoption
of the standard size co: t m bale, which
is a bale made in a press b >x, measuring
ou the inside 24"indies wide by .>4 inches
long, and deep enough to make a bale
weighing about 500 pounds.
It is well understood that the moro
cotton that can tie stowed in a steamer,
the less tho freight and consequently
the more the cotton grower will receive
for his crop. It naturally seems that
a few inches in tho size of bales would
make no difference, but a few inches
running irregularly through an ocean
steamer amounts to a groat loss of space,
and in stowing bales of irregular sizes,
they are so screwed in odd shaped spaces
as to often break, and nearly always are
torn and twisted oat of shap.e by the
time they tea -h the foreign ports. Tho
lost, buncos also form air passages and
in case of a fire the damage is much
greater, consequently the insurance is
higher than it show and be. The same
complaints tiro made tv tho railroads
and by tho mills when they pur their
cotton in warehouses.
We think vu live fully exp’ained tho
reasons for this change, and that it. is
to j our interest to do all that is in vor.r
power to have every ono make this
change by next season. Asa general
rnlo, the press boxes will have to be
made smaller, either one way or both.
This can be done with very little ex
pense by lining the inside with boards,
one lining on another where tho size is
to be reduced several inches. Then the
follow block can be sawn off to fit the
box. The cost of making this change
in most cases will not exceed £5.00.
We have received letters from a ma
jority of the ginnors in our territory,
and they pro ais-. r.o alter their press
boxes :,i the standard sizo. Wo re
spectfully solicit the co-operation of ail
growers and those interested in tho
cotton crop, to urge upon tho ginners
tho importance of making ail bales of
the standard size, as tho success of this
movement and the benefits to bo derived
from it depend upon them. Wo are
confident that a largo majority of the
ginners will make this change, but it is
necessary that the change boas near
universal as possible.
Let farmers interest themselves in
this, to them, vital question, and urge
upon their ginnors tlio importance of a
uniform size for press boxes.
R. T. Nesbitt, Commissioner.
CONDITION OF THE CROPS.
Fresh Growth and Vigor Taken On
Since Recent Heavy Rains.
For tho past two or three weeks rains
have been quite general over the state,
and in consequence the growing crops
have taken on fresh growth and vigor.
COTTON.
In most of the counties there has been
too much rain for this crop, and unless
there is very speedily more sunshine
and less moisture the damage will bo
very serious. Complaints are coming
in from various points of rust, black
rot, blight, shedding, etc., and all these
are aggravated by excessive rain, par
ticularly on the light lands oi tne state.
The fields aro generally too wet to plow,
and grass is getting troublesome in
some localities. The crop is just at its
critical stage, and the next few weeks
will decide as to the result. At this
date I think tho outlook poor for a full
crop in Georgia. Fair weather, with
occasional moderate rains, is what the
plant needs now, but in place of these
we are having cloudy weather with
heavy rains.
CORN.
This crop has improved wonderfully
in the past few weeks, and the state is
now almost sure of a plentiful supply
of this, our most valuable grain crop.
Tho very early corn in South and Mid
dle Georgia has been seriously injured
by tne dry weather of May and June,
arid yet in many cases this corn, with a
dwarfed stalk, and looking as though 16
would make nothing, has been revived,
has put out bold shoots and will make
three-fourths of a good crop. The very
early corn is but a small proportion of
the crop, and the rest is making all that
the land and cultivation given it renders
possibb. Some reports state that cer
tain counties will make double tho crop
made last year, and all report excellent
prospects. A large crop is now assured
in South and Middle Georgia, and two
more weeks will make the crop safe in
North Georgia. There has been some
injury to bottom 'lands from excess of
moisture and inability on that account
to work them, but in the aggregate this
does not amount to much.
FRUIT.
Tho watermelon crop, most of which
has been shipped, has proved rather di s
appoiutiiig. The crop has been abun
dant and the shipments probably an
average in the number of carloads, but
the melons have, as a rule, been small
and the prices therefore low, leaving
but little profit for the grower. Some
fine melons are now going north, on
which tho growers snould realize fair
profits.
The peach crop of tho state is tho
largest ever grown within hor borders,
and the fruit never was so free of
worms and other insects and disc sea.
The mistake made by most of the grow
ers was in leaving too much fruit on the
trees, and this with want of rain in
June causes the poaches to bo smaller
than usual. The growers have in some
cases met with much loss by inability
to obtain crates, the crate manufactu
rers boing unable to supply the enor
mous demand. Tho growers should be
prepared for this and like emergencies
by having at baud drying and canning
plants, and when it is either impossible
or unprofitable to ship their fruit they
could then can or dry it. There should
be no waste of a product for which the
demand is so great.
Grapes are fine and abundant all over
tho state and are being largely shipped
to the northern markets. The pear
crop is short, owing chiefly to blight,
for which there has as yet been found
no remedy. Georgia apples will he
scarce, the crop being very poor in most
of rho apple counties, only hero and
there a fair crop being found.
POTATOES, CANE, PEAS, I.TC.
These minor crops, as they aro called,
(though of great importance and service
to the farmers) are all doing well, now
that the rains have started them to
growing, and the prospect is excellent
for an abundant yield of each
of thorn. The area sowed in
peas is large, and it is evident that
Georgia farmers have learned that there
is no cheaper or better method for keep
ing up the fertility of their lands than
by sowing annually in cow peas every
available acre ou their farms. Past
ures have greatly improved in the past
few weeks and are now very fine. Gar
dens doing well also, as regards the
later vegetables.
Grain Weevils and Sloths.
Question. —Please give me some in
formation as to grain weevils and moths.
Answer. —The granary weevil, which
is probably the one to which you refer,
is an indoor insect and on account of
having lost the use of its wings does
not venture out into the grain fields.
The mature female punctures the grain
with its snout and inserts un egg, from
which is hatched a white, fleshy, leg
less, larva, which feeds and develops
within the hull. The adult weevils
also gnaw into the gram and devour the
mealy interior and probably do as much
damage as the larva.
The Angounxoia grain moth is un
doubtedly cue of the most injurious in
sects that we have in this state infect
ing the grains. It does not confine it
self to the grain stored in cribs and bins,
but also attacks standing grain in the
fields. The first white, but soon red
eggs, are deposited between tho rows of
grain of tho ears of com cither singly
or in clusters of about two dozen, both
in the field and in the granary. From
these eggs are hatched, in four or five
days, minute caterpillars which burrow
into the kernels and devour the starchy
interior. In about three weeks this
caterpillar reaches maturity, enters the
chrysalis stage, and in a few days
emerges as a winged moth, tho females
of which proceed to deposit eggs for an
other 1 rood. There are five or six
broods during one season, and they
hibernate in the grain as caterpillars.
A cheap and effective remedy for in
sects injurious to stored grain is fumi
gating wiih bisulphide of carbon. The
bins should be made as nearly airtight
as possible by the use of boards and
heavy blankets; then the liquid should
be poured into several small dishes dis
tributed over the grain, using from 1
to I'4 pounds for every IGO bushels of
grain. The liquid evaporates very rap
idly, and the gas being heavier than the
air descends and permeates the whole
mass of corn, killing all insect life with
which it comes in contact. The bin
should b 9 kept closed for six hours of
more, and then the covering removed
and the doors and ventilators opened.
Bisulphide of carbon is poisonous and
highly inflammable and fire in any shape
should not bo brought near it. It, how
ever, does not injure the edible or germi
nating principles of the grain unless
used in great excess.
Hoping that this is the information
desired, I remain,
W. M. Scott, Entomologist.
Fertilizer Terms In Use.
Question. —l. Is tho term (very
handy) “ash element” now in use
in the fertilizer trade and does it
mean acid phosphate and kainit, or any
form of potash ?
2. I read about “South Carolinarook”
and don’t know if it has been treated
with sulphuric acid or not. Am I right
in saying that “floats” is the finely
ground South Carolina rock and acid
phosphate the same (floats) treated
with sulphuric acid, not necessarily
ground so fine ?
3. Is “acid phosphate” practically
identical with the old “superphosphate
of lime,” except that burnt bone wat
used instead of South Carolina rock?
Answer. —1. The term “ash element”
never has been used in the fertilizer
trade. It simply means the ashos loft
upon burning any plant. Such ashes
contain some phosphoric acid, soma
potash and also other salts that have
been taken up by the plant from tha
soil. There is, of course, no nitrogen
in the ashes, that element being driven
off bv the heat of combustion.
2. Tbe term “SouthCaroi-narocK' lm
plies that it has not been treated with
acid. After .uth treatment it is known
as acidulate.l South Carolina rock, oi
acid phosphate. Floats is the natural
South Carolina, rock, ground to a fine
powder.
3. The term “acid phosphate” simply
means acid phosphate of lime, and ia
identical with the term superphosphate
of lime, it being immaterial from what
source the phosphoric acid is derived.—
Srato Agricultural Department.
Sil§§
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fpi murr ffiAßawelawf
I'm Ui Cheer ful
re.* nntains neither
nor Mineral.
Jtetq.s, of tUM lIrSAMVELPITCHKR
Ptr Seed- ~
jfttuxr. Sevtl * !
ftppcnrr'nt - /
fp CfirlfMtoScdw * [
ffmn Seed -
Cforifi'ed Sugar •
nZrJtvy/wi /la ran /
A perfect Remedy for Constipa
tion, Sour Stomach,Diarrhoea,
Worms .Convulsions .Feverish
ness and t<j* *tr Sleek
TacSiiiiiie Signature o?
>:<*>*/ -YORK.
EXACT COPY"OF WRAPPER.
j. E. MURPHEY CO.
r jTl4‘ Ijeudin<r l>ry 4jJooti*> House isi
i> r oHiiensf eoria,
GREAT REDUCTION IN WASH DRESS GOODS.
For the nt-\“ two weeks we will offer special inducements in this de
partment. It Will bo greatly to tbe interests of every ladv in Homer and
surrounding country to inspect our stock before buying anything in this in
These goods must ha solo before the season pusses, and to close - hem out we
offer line . rench Organdies, wonsli regular lib to 36c a yard, to close at 15c.
Nice lire >t Arne:. .-r. • • • T.-i t'-efc Mulls, lbft sell elsewhere at
12| to 25c ner yard, v.ii! he sold at 7.1 iO and lbo Nice assortment in short
lengths in Lawns, Dimities, Malle, etc, at your own price. Just the thing
for shirt waists
BLACK DRESS GOODS
If you aro thoroughly posted on business matters voit are aware of the
fact that ihere is a great udvance in prices on Imported Dress Goods; but
to make loom tor our Fall Stock we vvil 1 vji for the next 30 days everything
•n tais department from 20 to 30 per cent lower than you can buy them after
that period. Our line i mbraces every stvle and weave found in first class
stores of larger cities. It Mill be to vour interest to inspect this stock before
you buy A FEW SILK SPECIALS
Only a few Waist Patterns left These styles are varied no two ahke
Special prices will h* made on these goods tor the next few days to close
them out If you are looking for anything in silks, and will give us a call
we feel sure we can please you.
CUT PRICES IN STAW HATS
Nice line of Straw Hals, embracing the different styles of the season.
These Hats are worth regular from 39 to 65ceach,but ha/s been thrown on
center counter to close out at 25c
MILLINERY.
Tin- stock is well assorted for the rcanon, and ;f you contemplate the
purchase of a Lady's or Mat, or Infants Cap, or anything panaluing .> Mil
linery, come mid ink through this department before you buy, as we will
offer special bargains for the next lew weeks to make loom for the fall goods
BUTTED WICK BATTERNS
A full and complete line of these celebrated Patterns always in stock.
GROCERIES.
Cur Grocery Department is always full and complete. Highest market
price paid for conn try’produce.
Mr. J.R, BOONE makes his Thee in our Store.
.F a JE. MURPHEY CO.,
i >'i u
Comer fVlam and Washinton streets,
AINSSVILLE, CA.
ii is is icpki itp
WSJllil tx [UiVLCu
MaYSYILI.E,
®s£*TlliS ENTERPRISING FIRM HAVE ENGAGED IN THE
HARDWARE BUSINESS AND CAN SUPPLY WITH FARMING
TOOLS, BUGGY AND WAGON MATERIAL OF ALL KINDS, GUNS
CARTRIDGES, AND CUTLERY AT PRICES TO SUIT YOU,
Wo also seii the
iron King Stove. , .
NO. 11).
| For Infant,3 and Children.
The Kind You Have
Always Bought
Bears the / t
Signature //J w
ti $• i"
fir Bsß
For Over
Thirty Years
THI C3NTAUB COMPANY. NEW YORK CITY.