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•• t°. .• ‘ .- i —^s—i •YOL. 111. ■ (T be (tntrfffvisr. lmYlaf *4 BENEFIT, iCprtetow. 1 ••• • • * /* teums. • .• * %•* “ SoCTHEMT ExTKRPRIS#’ ill , blisMd *Wet>hli •n. TwJ Doui pfWfc, if paid m fIUvaSL. If m (Men for the/* should be *c*pfciedl by Ike ( mb. Th<m f * • changed will notify .. * bffice it it furred, witli the Name, CuuTgy and State pflduly a ritta . AD) ERTl.otnG. * # ~ .- * oa’L.- misa • * * o c AiAratisKMKsfs wifi be puldished at Oxx dSclak l*rNHKeof twelve lima or ks, fmftthe fcrst inuertiorL, 1 .uni Firrt (Jxs is for ea< h - ... ft.- i 1 ut specified us t., the time, will bemublished until order* , V(1 out and cli;ir_. ! ;iu. ; lin _’h\ # • .Oiiftri-vnv Notices, ribt exceeding six lines, will be | and jyatis ;*but Cash, at th# ruffe of ©35 D 0 # muutil acAfu • ° ** . y Advertisers will ; leaJfe hand inAheir pnftri- 5 ©its to 10 o'clock on Tiles lavs. • .. CQNTRAC’T A D VEKTi'jIK.Ae.'VTH,’ , *■■’- with Aii \ i will be governed by the fMlowiag Rule#, eaclf square “being composed of twelve solid Minion linos: * a • ° a o 1 • •• ’ I J I I * ldL * I ** - : L ► •- • .= i • ■ r K j . •’ I Ii s LM6U Os AnrERTI9£M.NT9. ?? • : • • i. ?V > • * •* i a . = > . •. H I 1 ••One Square • $j 00 $8 00 $lO 00 sl2 00 Two Squarfe..• OO.HI 00 18 m* 20 i There Squares.,t.< 10 00 it> 00 *l DO #.i 00 ••Four Squares 12 00 r 7 00 2?00 26 00 : Five Squares....*...# 1 •*', id *;}•) c# Squares . IS (I!) -.4 lla 30 00; :*•> 00 One Half <ftol*nin ~.4 i Jo i■- TO on* 00 I') 00 Three Fourths C’ofbmn :fij 00 11 Oil ./J 00 GO 00 ! On# Column • JSO O<E6O 00; 70 00‘ so oo ‘ . ty Be sis ess for the tern# of one year, WiTl be • charged inqrroportionr y> tint space they occupy,at*Dxx Dollar per Line, V-oftid Mii* a.ft • ‘ ‘• I .‘ 1 • • ®®4W • MIG.U, adv i; itig-; tg *•; • -s*ll pertains having <M-. asii#i ft ■•advertise Legal ft-ialcs. Notices, etc.fare compeJ|fnl by law. to comply with the following rulesj • , •* •..• * • . , Aeon#tom.. E-. vmiior. or Gnaiilians; All sales of LaaJ .i e \ ;rita.-s by Adiiiinistrafofti, E.v-( utor- on < Ina’-ddans. 41 v required hv law to lie S ‘! on the 1 • hours of in the forenoon, and three in tluj afternoon, at the ( ‘oiirthousc in the oumty in \\ iiicli • the piTipert* ;s tuate. Ttyitii ‘-s of tliesi 1 sales must lie yiven iu a puli; (I a/.*’ te F..r;v !)a\> previous to . . the day of salie • • • • Stale of i'ersona f l-opi-rfy: ° ° * • Notices of the sa!eof I’ersomJ Property must be, given af lea*l Ten Days previous io the day of sale. , #7sito Debtors anil t'llililor*! None, sto Debtors and Credit. of ait estate must i be published Forty Days. • # Cupi t of Ordinary l.ravf So Bells • Notice that application vill be mwWtot|)e Court JDrtiiiuM-y for leave •*>. !! liand Near oea, i , • le pnbljphciiwi i •=• Tw * M • ‘ sldiiiiiiisti-ntioli asiil Giai'iliiiasiiij): • Citations*for 4.-of iWliniuijtfrafion must be I *. pnblmliad Thirty*Dave; for Dismlwdon froiAdmin-j * Mition, : tpnlhlv for six Montltft; for Dismiwion from HuaidiausffpT Forjy Ttays. • . • VorrrlnsniT of tiorrttnsr: . • nice for Foreclosu *1 net be p*t> lished monthly for Four Months. ** 0 • l.rst ijapers: •• • • • Notices fo*etitStdishlna Imjt Pajterslnnst be puß • lislied for.lift- full t Tin t f Th.er•Months. • • • • • a • fT* Publications will always be contimt. ! ji.-coßiiny to the above rules nab s < • erwt- - or.', red. 0 a|[[| | * P >| Jl I , . “LAW CAEDS.* . . ; . • o * ‘• ‘• •• T. £i. Stanley, # . I A TTOBHEY LAW,* .• . I J&. !’M IN, imeOHSrf’O., GA.* . ; •\Vill.pmctiee in tin* Counties ol the Southern riiruit. •;tiui (Mii'ee, Cline .tV e ;tu.i#E I Is . f the llnuiswick Circuit. * o dec 17 tt ! w. B. BeH net y Attorney at law, • til fr.MAX, # I'UOOKS CO .Ti l. . 0 Will practice in ffhonuA, LowndA. nud 1> n*i - cn Connies. • • * • mh li tt * *. J. E?. Alexander, A* TTORNSY AT* LAJV, mil 25-ts * THOMASVIU.K, GA. . ~* *, l. IS. Bedford, * AttorneV AT ii aw, 0 • \V Alt KS BOROUOIT, GA. Will practice ill the < mr.tics of jju- Brunswick_ Circuit, anil in I,.>wu.lcs and l'errii ii Counties ol the Southern Circuit. i* ts • 0 Jd!\n )!. Dyson,, Attorney at law, • thoMasvjlle.*ga. . • Office netft noor to Dr. Brnce**. , mb t s tt lIIIkTQC i-. BlilU'S, Attorney at law, * (:!.Bryan, Attorney at law. mil 10 THOMASVItLE, GA. • ” o E. <. JSostttais, , • Attorney at law, NASHVILLE, BERRIEN GO., G A. WilPpraetie.* in t!u# C umti. sos the Soufliem Circuit; and tli.'®t bounties of P* dv, orth and Dougherty of the Macon; °. B#e, Clinch and Ware of the Brunswick Circuit. Address at Flat Creek Post Office, Ga. mil 13 ° 0 o * ” II? T. I’eeples, Attorney at law, ° * NASHVILLE. BERRIEN CO., GA. je t~2 • li—lyif 55. Sjf’oEicei*, , • Attorney at law, THOMASVILLE. CA. o Will give liis entire attention to the Practice of Lirw inlthe Counties of the Southern Circuit. Office on the second floor of McLean 1 * BncL building. 0 ° mli D ts %. V. o JUSTICE C?F THE PEACE • Orjice at the Courthouse, Thomasrille , Ga. All business enfirusted to him will be attended to prom;* Iy and witlT dispatch. o mh Jo ly • dins. SS. Remington *• JUSTICE OF THE PEACE? 0 e O 9* ktPortOJ. ■ T Cottaaffiito# of ail kin.is tijien on liberal tesms. either in Justice’s. Superior or Inferior Ciutrts. mh I s ’’ ® * o 0 teiflicMPi l •IRON WORKS,’ ADJOINING THE PASSENGER DEPOT. Macon Georgia, Manufactures oP S T, 'P* En?im>s and Sloilers,®. Mill and (iin Lcai iiu, * • . Cane Mills and Pans, ° Syrup Boilers. • Shaf’linst and Pulley.* AND Af.L KINDS OF MACHINERY MADE TO order at short notice. • E. REMINGTON & SON. ° jan 14-ly , Ageate, Thom##viße i Ga. a . JoP) W oris.. \\TE ABC WffiW prepared rq do ai.V ” kinds of JOB PRINTING, from a VigitingCard to * la%e Poster, at the Enterprise office Try ns. 0 ° B V 1 > A* R F \ i: A V , ) * f tapritl.r. \ “MEQICAL AND* DBNT3LL CARD^. *. 1 • e 4 • OO [MEDICAL CAftD.J • • I)rs. Uruce'A Reed, • • IfoWING FORMED A CO- P.y {T NF.RS HIP IN A A ?hc practise Mi ilii . ofl ;r their service#£o the •* • • . 1 Bn< e, the .*:;• occupied by Brnfle for many rears. * y _iqJ-m-,i a*HOSf ri'.V. 1 * of th#w owning slaves ranijirino Surgti-al attentgiu; and whiti •- . sons, n -:*;■ ii.- to puv, uatfbe treated gratis. | Accommodations ‘ _ R. J. fiIACCE, ¥. D. • Jpnq 24,18 w). * ,J. R M REED, M. I>. \. G. J JN TENDERING HIS PROFESSIONAL SERVE *;s to *he peojile of vicinity, wonld fc fofm t henethat he hhrtbeen practii igg ltiedjj-tne in Jefier , son FI iriif forhve years, *luring vJdPh time he h-.- m.d ■ .-ati-f l;i',.st of the . es W.dcii m curitl this laa'tude. * • ‘ * •H-sip e. on t'. .’. r, n, „ r the office fnrmerlv • iv C. and. II • , * # , • liLMDE # \CI#, house foAnerly occupied b£ £k L. Anderson. • ° ’ ‘, • Thomaprflfe, January 7. 1860. * * ,ts • I>*\ K. Wlitcios, Practitioner of Medf&ipe and. Surgery, ,* jan 1 Glasgow, Tlioi as Cos., Ga. • ly • eoT O • * o # I>r. S. S. Hl^R EBY •!4 FORMS Ills 4ND TIIK public, that he will continue the practice of medi-J c4ic- at tl#- old stand and respectfully teuderaids si to the public. • , • • • o Phomusville, .*prii 2, lSf>o. ts • * • * *•”" I TKVur.M rr.u rii K.]. . . • • III’. P. s. Ilifvter. /\KFti;s ftis PROFESSIONAL SERVICES TO] V * citwens of Thomasville*tjijil vicinity.* 0 i’ails at all lion; a! 1 •:* Id. *mli 18 ts * —• —• • * . —• • I Sftr. Brautloli, H AS REMOVED TO THE OFFICIf FORMERLY * occupied byl Mdler, Esq., as a Law Office. Calls promptly attend . • , ‘-• Sj.ei-ia! .*■ a n? !■ given t#i and Sursifal Dis-asi s. • Thilmasville, Jannarv Id. IWO. * ts • • 9 *. pi s. ffS. f5. ci. R. O. \ inol/f, , Resident Dentists. Tic u .;*'Ville, Ga. ’.TIfE HAVE THE PRA< AL.ADVANTAGE (W • T T fifteAi vean %xperiedte iiv every - • branch of tfi* profcssSm. ‘ f. J? * . r ;%> * can refer t<#ui;:r,y wli > have had the r’p i beni-lit i- nr i>]>era!ious*n this ICuw v for# # the >Am years. , \\ e have every far fltv for doing ftie best Plato-Work, • *‘.NOW KNOWN, WHICH W I)ENt)MINATE4 Continuovis Gum Work, • i*i I’latina Plate,*>thicli*is impervious to any #f the acids, e*en in a conccnUated fufo. * * ‘ 1 t-Mi filled w;Oi pure ■ - >l ll in a suiierior liiaimc: 4 Patfenta favoPing ns with their confidence niy ly j upon our utmost perform every operation in as perfect*i‘uiannner as posfeible. * • ‘ mb |%tf ‘••‘NeV/ I)rug Store. * . *J PR# I*. N. BOWER lias opem <1 a Drug St ft re at ! si and te; i;;ly . -up:*.! by dh\ EMfiR ikt BRO., \ ; opposite li. RcL.in?tmiV, ifiul is pii-pareij to fumidli .II * 12 <as, *§• fc::ca 1 /[ftks, • I** # FTvNC'Y SOAT3, sh.c., . •. [ ! upoi? fair terms, to those who nifty firvsir biiq witfti a call. To his Reform*fsii uib- ii-ftvouhl say. that lie has unhand j ,i(*t - esh am! r#l;a!>le a-: ortment if • . \ rfi 7, ,r va ‘rf *p n r r.r <p n * ♦ • -Q 7 and will be ghtd to sc.poly lie ta with # h articles as vi.ey may jnxd. ‘* . , -'Uh, • , • . * Kiftosine, rim-d'i. sand Tobaceo, Fine Medicinal Bratfdies and Wines, kept cSnatantly o* hand and for 1 sale. * mav#£J-ff 5? !•*!?>: I CRT ri:* i:iyi:i)*\ large and well sklkc- | tl fed stft- k ft-f Drugs and Medicines, Chemicals of alLl #• i ’ S o. minis. , Al. Si. P#ii.ts. Oils. Glass, Putty. Varnish, Brashi .*Dye Stuffs, la ftiei!,. •.!■ liarili-u Se- 1 #i!et Ariu lcs, IY-rfuniery, Brushes, e. Ki-rosine Oil anil J.amps; Cumphgne 51;; :: ■. ft; Fluid aifil laiinns. • • a i . E#>WARD SEIXAS, Druggist. Tl.#niasvi:lS. Ma\*2l, ISdO. • ts ••- • • ’’• ADotheeajry*s Hall. rjiIIE SUBSCRIBER. HAYING TAKEN A STORE I tl a 7'lioii;i|.B ibi rfi tv !li<c!. 2>ui!i9ti<', ; respectfully invites the alien: on ofVue public tohi#c%in- ; jdete unit well selectui stodfof * # • Drugs, . Medicines,. • • * Chemicals* • # i , Paints* 0 * . Oils, o , • Dycf.StufTs, * .* Perfumery, °* 9 . . Spices, • s* Tobaccos , • Scgars, Fine Braudic^ Willis, Porter, Ase, . , • * Toilet-Soaps, * * , fjotask, 0 &C. &C. | ALL OF WHICH AVILL BE SOLD ON KEASOXA- ! ABLE TERMS. . 0 „ 15?” Attention gi-vu //ersnuaHy to the preparation of j j * Physician's JJrcNCTipliosis. 0 V All MEDICINES warranted getfiiine. n. g. McDonald., o’M. and. Thonmjville, Ga., June 6, lStjO. tt# ■ I ■■■III ■■ ■III ■! I ■■Mill I■ l -mmrm**- mm m■ iiw.j ■■■!■ ft i’ r- ii sU(ltlleamL XSai ness Maiiul'acior.v. V LARGE. AND COMPLETE ASSORTMENT OF Harness and Saddles, ! Bridles. 0 - sci. 4 vV, 0 f # wlli !' s - . 0 o/fQ § 7--- Hitts. 0 ‘ *£a-V./ & •- , jQ.C- . - . . l!- -m* t. .■ -y y.; •’ ! o .• BeUing. &C. dec. Ne. -J? i a ; W 1 K#pt constantly on baud -*: I ? I and for saleyat the Manu- * factory of M A# LITTLE. ■ ‘rr- Iltirreess am? Saddle REPAIRING pnmiptly ut ti#uleil to. o ; 9 “Books! Tiboki*"! ” - A Cllf-H E LOr OF* BOOKS. IRi t.M fHE BEST Authors, in sf-n-e ami tin- sale. ft which the attention of Ladies and Ornrh-m-eii is iu# ited. PHS3MIUM^ 1 awarded to the purclTasers of s. ver.-.l Books in the lot. . • n. g. McDonald. ThonjftfvUle, ft;'... Jan? 6, 1860. . ,ts Btiptist Female College, ® CUTIIBERT, GEORGIA. Fall Term, l^^OO. InriHE FALL TERM WILL BEGIN ON MONDAY, 1 o ° Si-ptriabi'i- Till'd, # And end on Friday, o .• Dei ember Tivcnty.Srst. . No effort lms been spared to secure the 1 est teaching tiftent. iu ;ftl the Departments, of a thorough anj accom plisheand For further information, applv to o K. 1). MARL ARY, President. Cuthbert. Ga.. August 1. I86(b * _/ [T BYINGTON HOTEL, • Broad Street, Albany. Georgia. *j JT. HvIvGTOo. I*ropt i(or. TllK STAGE OFFICE. • j f or Stages running to Thomasville. I;itn- gig j bridge. and Tallahassee kcjt at, 2 IfF^ : this House. jy 10 ts. ’ Take JSTotioe. • # A LI PERSONS INDEBTED To THE FIRM OF A 6 RE.MIXGTOX AbDKKIiE for Furniture, are refflWtri t< > come ferWUu BM |a Mwte i the same, and _v?u may thereby save cost, as jve o>■ ‘ : liged to have money. 1 oct 3-ts ° REMINGTON A DEh-LL. THOJUSVILLE, GEORGtV WEDNESDAY* “I)ECEM I>ER 19, 1860.. 0 ** O ** . (Tin’ Ou tl> an<entc rpr i$ c O•-4W ♦ > t . ItRVAN, EDITOR. • B •“ o * O • i-TMMam&M . ••.*—- - * - - • ivRD.\ENtf t\*. ?ts:tt io-iso*. • • ** * ° - . *^i .* # President's Message.- ; • sr iof Senate, • * . •.*.• ° • 3 ; Throughout the vc::r* j*uce cattjAast meeting, the country has been # .incnily'pi osperous ig all it? ma te’ interests. Thg general fc.j* been excel lent, our harvests abundant, anti plenty smiles throughout the land. Our commerce and manufac tures li t#- been wj If energy and indus try,“and have vicldqfl fair ainl ample •line; no nati-ifi in the tide of time ever present# | # ed a spectacle of gif -iter material tlaati we liavtfdone ntil a very recent piqio 1. * Why i- it, then, that discontent now so extensite ly prev.-yls, the Union tjf the States, which is thj source of *ll these Blessings.*!* threffiened %jth des truction? The long-f-ontinued and intemperate in# ; terrercnce of Northern people with tk# qaiestion | of slavery in rtle Soutlio'fti States, lias pro °luA‘d tlic a .iaturat effects. .The different sections #f the Union are now aft-rayed against each otlu#, and talie time has ayivCd, so i:iuch®dri. aded by the Father I of his country, when hostilk geqgrttphicsl psrtifis i*;ive befa formed. 1 Irtve lon* foreseen and nisei* forewarned my counflymeii of tlie n#)w impen-lin^ I danger. proceed solely f*om t lie cln ini ;on t lie ft. art of the Tcrritairi.ft legislatures i to fritm tlie Territories, nor from the efforts of deferent States to defeat the execution of the Fugitive Slave law. ,-VI or #ny of these evils might have beeti endured by the Sijutli without dan ger to the Union, (as Withers have been,) ifrtftf h*pe that time and aelicuiioiftmight#apply ftlfe remedft. — The immediate peril arises not so ftaucli these •auses as fi#mi tinft the incessant and \*iClient ttgitatiofl of t lie s[;ver/ throughout the! , North for the last quarter of a century, lias at length ( produced its malign inliuencc*on tjfto slaves, and in- 1 spired tiiem witlT vague notions of fifePlom. llenei# a sense of security no longer exftsts aro9nd#t!ic fam- j ily altar. * * • • This peace af home lias give* place to apprehensions of servffo insurrcctßin. .-Many a nia tri#i tflrouglioiit the Snath retires at night in dread ft liat may befall herself and her children*before morjiing. Should dv.s %1* doii!i*tie danger, wfietfler real or imaginary, extend and inten- j sify until it shall pervadjj tiie nfttssPs of tIA >*b>ulh. cm pecqdf, then ‘ifisunion will become inevitable.— irelf-jjj-eservation is the,first law of qAure, and !i;ys •iceii impbif’teil liemt of inau by his Creator tor the wisest piftr]#--e : and no jfblitical Uni<?n, how ever with blessipgs and benefits in all otheft 1 •Tspccts, c.in loiij? continue? if the necessary quence be to rei; tb<;“mines .and tl#.- liresid •of , nearly half the parties to it habitually and hopeless- r *iy insecure. S< ■ #er qr late* life bcqids “of such a Union musft be severed. It is n%y conviction that ‘ thi# (qtal period “s not yet arrjvc i * and tny jrayer , to God is that*hc would p.reserve Phe*Constitution : ..nd the Viiicfi throughout all gencr .Aions. * • j But let us take tho* warning iu time, am 4 remove j the cause of danger. It cannot be denied tlia#, for five and twenty years, tim Pgiiaiion at ilie or in ag ainst slavery #ii the Smith has been incessant. In 18.'Id pietoi*al and appeals, were chcfilalcil extensively tlu jughot the South, of 0 a character to excite tjie passions of the slaves ; and ; in the language of CM-qc al Tliickson. • “tft stimulate them to insurrection, and produce-alt the horftovs of sei file war.” This a rotation lias e* er sinftc bceft* c ititiuucij by the mibtic pres * by Ahe proceedings of StatPaml (ftiunty*conventions, and by abolition scire, lOutis and lectures. The time of has been occupied in ftiolent speeches qn this neveft-cnuiug*j subject? and iqipcal# in pamphlet and other forms, endorsed by distinguished names, have sent | forth£rom this central point, atftl spread broadcast over the Union. • “ * llow easy it would btffor the American people to settfe the slavery guest ion forever, and ft> •leace an 4 harmftiiy *.. thitadislractcd country. * They, andllftey alone can do it. All that *s *ncV AAtary to acc*unipli-h tliejobject, and all k*‘ which ! the slave Btatcs*havc ever contended, is to be alone, and permitted to nianagcdßcir domestic insti- ; tutions yi their oArn way. As sovereign Slates, tfiey iti.il they alone, are responsible before God and the world for the slavery existing among them. For ! this, the people oft the North arc not more responsi ble, and have no more rightinterfere, than with similar institutions in® Rureia or in Brazil. Upon ‘ tlieir go#d sense and patriotic rforbearaftcej confess l still greatly rely. Wifliout their aifl, it is*beyond the powej of any President, no matter what may be liis own political proclivities, to restore peace and* liarnftony among the States. Yfisely limited and re- ! strjined as is his powep, under our Constitution and J laws, he alone can accomplish Ant little, for good or for evil, on sudta momentous question. And this brings me to observe tint the election of any one c os our fellow-citizens to the oSicc of l’rcsi- | dent does not of itself afford just cause for dissolving the Unit n. This is more especially true if his elec* tionjias been effected by a mere plurality, and m?t a majority ifl’ the people,fttnd has resulted from tran sient and temporary causes, which ni.i} B probably °ucver o again occftr. In order to justify a resort to revolutionary resistatice, the Federal Government must be guilty of a deliberate, and danger ous exercise of jmwers not granted li,v flie Constitu tion. The late election, however, has been l#.-ld*in strict cunforflilty with its*exprcss pro visions. lTow, then, can the jjcsult justify a revolu tion to destroy this very Constitution ? Jteason, jus-o lice, a vegard l'or tlie Constitution, all require that wc*shaJl waiftl'iiv sdme overt an i dangerous act, on the pant of the President elect before resorting to such a remedy. ° 0 It is said, however, t(jaf the nutccedcnts of the President elect have been sufficient to justify the fears of Phe South 9fiat he v> ill attcmpit to invade their constitutional rights. But ate such apprehen sions of contingent danger iu thf future sufficient to justify the immediate destruction of the noblest sys- j “torn of Government ever devised by mortals ? From the VCy nature of his office, ami it- high responsi byities, lie must iienA-arily Jie conservative. The stern duty of administering the vast and complica ted concerns of this government affords in itself a guarantee tlftit be will not attempt any violation of a clear constitutional right. After all, he is no more j tliafti the iftiief executive officer of the g ivcrnmcnL His province is not to make, but to execute the laws; and it is a remarkable fact in our history, that, notwithstanding the repeated efforts of the an ti-slavery partv, no single act has ever passed V.n grass, unless we may posqibly except the Miss Compromise, impairing, in„ihe slightest sk-gree. the ‘ right.}of the Sduth* to their pri perty in slaves. — > And it may also be observeif, jmlging from present indicatiuns,*tliat no probability exists of the passage of such an act. by a nnjurity of botli Houses, eith er in the present or the next t .ingress, fturcl.re un der these circnmstaflecwe ought to be restrained from present action by the*preccpts ot®llim who spake as never man spoke, tji.it “sufficient t.nlo the day is the evil tlier m.” The day of <}vit may nev er Ciyne. unless wf shajl rashly bring it upon our selves. 0 0 It is alleged as one cause foroimmediate secession | that the Southern o Statcs are denied enual piglits with the other States in the common Territories. Alut by what authority are these denied ? Not by Congress which has never passed, andi believe neverAvill pass any act to exclude slavery from these Territories, and certainly not bj- the Supreme Court, which has solemnly decided that slaves arc property, and, like all other property, their owners have a right°to take them into the common Territories, anil® hold them J there under the protcction°of the Constitution. ° e , - ® So bar, theft, as Ciftngrcss is ceticerned, the objec tion isnot to anything they nw already but (ft j wftnt tlft-y may j mitteu thacthjs appitßaoaiou of l'uaure daoger is no ; good reason for an immediate dissolution of the ; Union. It is truefthat theCemtonal Legtslaftare of t S 3*B, *on the of February# lbuti, passed in, j great baste, an act, over the veto of the Governor. dechA'ing tluftt slavery “is, and shall be forever pro j lubiled in thift Terriiory.” aneiij, •however. • 1 unly pointing •thcAdghts of property secured by •lie Tlonstitui iii, sui eiy bciicclarej®v,.id by the ju liciaiw .whenever it shall be presented in a legal ii fqyta. “ .* * * “ .. “ Only y;ree days after my inauguration the* 8n • pveme Court of the UniAd Btate® adjuUg- J ed that tftiis power didftiot in a Territorial Legj islature.* -Tet such l*is # been the factious temper*ol the times that ahe correctness of this dc isimi has impugned*Jtefore the publie# and tlu- question kgs givi nri *t • fti.yry p.Jitical conflicts ! flironghout the country.* Tho se i%!u# have*ap*pealed ‘ from this judgmentjbf ®nr highest tribunal ty popular assemblies would, i£ they could.* invest a Th-rritorial Legislature with poei*to annul the sacretf rights of property. sh is ]> uwcr.Coftgress | is expresslyo'orbidden by thiestiruticn tb exercise. Jivcry State Legislature in the * t’nionjis forbidden bv •wn ('i'UstiiA;tjon to exercise it. •IT cannot be ex ftciseS in any Sftite, except by the peo ple in thßr highest suvereigift capacity, when fingi ■ig or amandin*’- tln-ir State* Constitution. In like* manner, it eftn only be oxcrcifted by the peopile of a Tqprftory re; reseated infti Cn!i\*t#ition of Delegates L for the purpoTc of framftngft* Constitution prep?irato ;*ry to aiftnisjjon as a Jhatfe into the Union. Then, and not unfit then, are theft- iiy.sft-d \\4th power to flecide tlia question whether slavery shall not i#,ist. within limits. is n*> aftt of sov- : eriogn authority, and not of subordinate Territorial Uqti;-lation.* Were it otliei*jis*. indeed, writ4d the eatiality ’4 the States in the i'erriftories be des troyed, v>d the rights *4 property in shivqjj wotijl depend, not upon tue guarantees nfwCoiistiuition nut upon the shiftiqg^najorities of aa^irresponsible Teri itori;4 L.-yislature. Such a doctlfttie from #its intrinsic o utAounduess, cargviftt loTig influence any considerable portion of our peoph-. inueli less can it j a *ood rcasWi for T dissojutj a of the Union, ‘flu- most p.ilpal’h* a iohitioiis of consiiftiitlTei.d duty whii-li have vrt been i-omiiiifii-d consist iu the a*-.* Af the different Ktah*Leirislatim to Aefeut the e.\eeutioi#of tlie Fuaiti<ft“ Skive hr\#. It iiiftdit tojtie rememlTereil, howev er, that for these® Acts mitliefc <’oii'p-ess nor any I’resiiletft can iie !#.|il lvspof.sible. 14 vinjobcen in violating of the Fi-defld Constitution, tliey are t lu-retoie niilrand void.# All the courts, State *id national, before wliftiu tigs question has arisen, have fr ail dee! a Led the Fuaitivi#SlaveJaw to be contitut*i-.-.%i1. The sAiufle ex •-ptioii ik that of a S;at'*Court in \\ i, . insin* and lliis has i not <uily # l)ftai revers T-d pita per appellate tribunal, but lifts met with su.-li iyiiveis;d l-epnilialftm that tjeie can lie no ift.ngi# from it as aft The validity* of * 1 this law has been established over and over again by the. fftipivme Court oft lie United States vyth feifcqt tfmnifti ity. It i#founded upon an express provision “of the C#n stitntion, requiring that fugitive slaves who eseapeJVom t service in iftie Sfc.te lifumfl her shall be “deli vei el up” to, tlieir liftistei-s. Wit!uml ir is a well known historical faft*that the Constitutieai ltselfftxiuld neverh#ve j beep aihqitud 1.-y the Convention. * • ftn one form or otlieraindcr tht#Ae!s of 1705 *yul I*7 * | both being subst;’.nti;4iy the sain.-# the -I-'iigidive Sjtve •liiw.lias been t#u* law ofSflie land from the iluy# of Wash • ingleij ft;,til in#* ;n. s#nt moment. II erf, then, a dear ease is presented, in which ifttft'illiic the duly of tlie l’res , idcilt, as*t li. • 1 •.-> :i my own, to act well vigor dn execu ting U • lawagaiy^the cdhtiictiqg enactments of state 1., gislatures. *siio:i!d he fail in iftie performance ot tllja%*gh duty, he will then have manifested a disre- 1 |-Jard of t liy Co'#r ; itutioa and laws l# the ftoat injury of flic ; ■ ■ >jie of lie.a'k . ~-ft;alt’ nt •; St:gLc. if the t nion ; *l>ut ariftwe to presume in ndvftiicc tli it he will thus violet'* his duty? jTliis wouldjie at war with e\#-:y principle of justice and of chrjptiatftcharity. us wait tor the overt act. tlie Fugitive Slav# 1 1 ft has been earned into execu tion iff every contested ease since the cnnmieftceifient of the present Administration. Though often, i# is to b#j-e ----gl'etted, wittf gre;4 loss Jind if.i onvciiieuec to the master, and eqpsiderable expense to the J government. Let uk trust tjiat the Stale Legislatures will repeal tlieir uucou , Aiiutitjjud and obnoxious euaetmeiits. Unl#.-s this shall | Jie done without uiui,#, -ary delay, it is ftnpos. iblc lbr any hxn.iau pa^ei-to save tae l'*iftn. TheftSoiitueni Snftes, standing oil the basis of the Coil# stitution, have a rigdt. to demand ti;is mi of justice from ®t lie Si ales (ft tli>i Nort li. Sifoilld this be refused, yieil the (j >ns! it h; ion, to -ift-liirh all tlie Statt tan re pari ii g* will ha\d been wilfully violate!! one ji .Ui-'n of nrovis i'fi essential to the domestic Security amj lat’ppiness (ft’ the j-ctnniuder. In that event, the injlifted Slates, after hav laguss-d ,11 peaceiul and eons'.itutional means to obtain , redr#ss. would be justified in revolutionary resistance to the government of tlie Union. • * I have purposely conlincd my reftiarks to reft-oiiitionary jj-sistanec, because been claimed wit'nifl the List few years tlu* any State, whenever this shall be its sovereign ‘ will and pleasure, nft.ty secetlg from the Union, in ui# ord mice wit li the (Constitution, am? •without any violati#m of the constitutional rights of other meinliei-s of the I'oufed craev. That as each became jiarties to the Union vote of its own J’eople as-cmbled in Conveiftion, so any one ofothein may reta-e from the Union in a similar n#m ( oner, By 110- vote of ftneli a Uoyvcntion. h*ordei-to justify secession as a costituftiunal remedft it must he on the principle that tijy mere voluntary association of States, to be dissolved at pleasure by any one of the contracting parties, if this 1 tft- so, the Confederacy is a rope of sand, to be penetrated and dissolved by the first, adverse waves of public ojrinioii -in any of the States. In this manner our thirty-three “States may res-blve themselta s into many pej.ty, ( rring and hostile Republics, each one retiring from the Union, without responsibility, whenever any sudden excitement !ni<(lit impel them to such a course. By this process a#l n ion might he broken into fragments in a few weeks which cost our forefathers many years of war, privation and blood to establish. 0 Such a jirinciple is wholly inconsistent with the liistory well as the character of the Federal Constitution. Al ter it was framed with the greatest and liberation and care, ft was submitted tfti conventions of the people of tin* sev eral Staten f<p- ratification. Its provisions were discussed at length intnese bodies, composed ot tin* first men ol the country. Its opponents eontciylcd Mint it conferred pow ers uponft.lie Feaeral Government dangerous to tlie rights of the States, whilst, its advocates lnaiiftained that a fair const met ion of the instrmaent there was no foundation for such apprehensions. In that, mighty struggle between I the first intellects of this or any other country, it never I occurred to any individual, cither among ft s opponents or i advocates, to asseij, or even to intimate, that their efforts ; were all vain labor, because the ouoniciu tha.t any Suite felt herself aggrieved she might secede from the Union. What a clashing argument would this have proved against those who dreaded that the rights of the Spates would be endangered by the Constitution. The “trill h is, that it was not until many year- after P • origin of tfie | deral Government that :;nc!i a proposition was first advan ] fed. °lt was then met and refuted by the conclusive argil incuts ot (in. Jackson, wiio, iu liis message of the llilii January, ISJJ, transmitting the nullifying Ordinance of South Carolina to Congress, employs the following lan guage : o'rile right of 1 lie people of a single State to ab solve thciasclves at will,and witfiout Use consent of other States', from their most Boletnn obligations., and haz ard tho liberty and happiness of the millions composing this l nion. he acknowledged. Such authority is believed to be utterly repn|sqi2nt both to the princdjdes I upon which the General Govenment i*e instituted, and to t iie objects which it was expressly formed to attain.” Itiinot priftendecfiftiat anv*e!aase ft; the Constitution gives countenance to such a theor;.*. li is r foun ded upon iqfcrence. not from any language contained in tin in.-a rumen; itself, but from t In- sovereign ( jaraeterof the sev< ral States by which i; was ratified. But it isbe yoiid the power of a Sian-, liki #n individual, to yield a portion#! itssoverciflnrights to*seeure the %ther? In the l#ngaage of Mr. Mad .-o i.Avho has b.-cn called the of fbe Constitution: --Ji watt formed by the States —that is. by the people in Qtfcliofthe (States, actinginft fleir highest sovereign iSipacity; and flffrnied, consequently, hv i the wme anthopty widen formed the Kate Constitutions.” ••Nor is the (fttivernjneii: ot the United Man ... irateii by tße Constitution,less aGovernmgnt in the strict sejpeeofn the term, witjiin the sphere of its powers, than the gov emmentscreated by the Cons! ifutions of the State* are, witjin tlieir several sphere. *lt is, like them, organised ; ftnto legislative, executiveaod judiciary dewartwients. It oiH-rates, like Piiem. directly on pers*iis anu tliinas; and, like Jhan, it has at command a physical force for executing ti e powers coiirniifte l t > it.” 0 0 It was intended to !re peiqietual, and not to be annulled at the pleasure of any <flie of the contracting parties.— The old articles oi°confederation were entitled ‘‘Articles of Confederation, and Perpetual Union between the States;” and by the 13th article it is expressly declared that “articles of this Confederation shall be inviqjaldy observed bv every State, and tlie Union shall be pegpctu- i al.” The preamble to the Constitution of tlie United States having express reference to the article of Confede- j rsAionfrecites that it was established “in order to form a more perfect union.” And yet it is eon tended that this “more perfect Pinion” does not include the essential attri bute of jierpetuity. 0 ° 0 o o But that the l nion jnt designed to be p< rpetual I contftnsively froifi the nuluie aad effect ui the powers onferred ‘n_\ the (tonstitutipn on the Federal Government. ‘Kbese powers embrace tlie very higtiest attributes of nu ftional sovereignty. Tliev place'noth the sword and the j purse under e ‘iiV’l. (ffngress has power to make war • and to make pear<- ; to nils# and support artuiesilnd navies, l and to conclude treaties with foreign governments. 4t is # - invested with the power to com money, to regulate j the unlue thel'eot, ainl to reguliite cominerec wi foreign ; nations, and nmoiigft In-several States. It isnot neecssa- ! ry to cminu-rute t lie <>i her high powers#vhich been ; confftrrod U] on the Federaj Government. In oider to carry.il n- into effect, Congress posseap* ‘ cs Ino excftisftvc right to lay and collect dtttics on importsft j I and in*-ommen win-, the States to lay and collect ; .f! teller taxuK. o But the#( , nsiituti..>u has 1:04. *.#■•• ‘.*-rvd tfit>.. high* ; powi r%uj)(-ii Congressftbut it l#is iftdopted • tfeetual means to restrain the Sti Scs fi-om interfering with tlieirtftxercise. , Fr that purpose it has, in sflong prohibitory language j c.xpn “ly dcclifl- and that shall enter in'to ti-ea ( * fy, allifi confedesation; grant let! rs ot#mSrque and | : lepn- il: coin fta.nicy ; emit Ac lis of er< dit: make gold a; ul silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass tinv bill of attainder, ex past fucta^wx, < ;-#Av iuqmiring the 0 ligu ftfton ot ( lit,.; # Moreover, --wilhout thoi. iiseut of Ct#igTgSß,ftio Sta e slum lay any imposts or dmics on#my imports or i-.xft” rts, except win it may he ahsolutclv sitry for executing its inspection laws;” and, if thev cx ,ejj-d tliisft'.lno;;!*. the excess slmU belong to the United States. And “no State si.all.tavif hou! the eon# nt of Con gress, lay any d#iy of tonna*e; keep troops or shipj of war in tame of j cnee; enter intftinny ugrei 1111 nt*or com- | pf.et ft-iili utiotliei- State, or witliafoiv:gii powift-; or cu# gage Tu war. unless actually♦.lvadeir, or in such imminent danger ns will not admit ojj delay.” 0 # luortlcr still further to secure the luflnterrupted exer cise of these hig'Ppowe; .> .lenin# interposition, it is pro vided'-jnafttliis Constilutta ; and the laws -ta the United Slates which slnatlftic made in 1 ■■iirsiiafice thereof, and all treatiesftliade, or which shall he made, under the authoi-it v of the United States, shall be the tunreme land; and the fudges of every S;a!e shall he there by. in tbj Constitution or laws of any State to the contrary jiot withstanding.”* “ # 1> ; ; solemn sanction of religion li# been snpcraddcd to the obligiftions of official duty, and all Senators and Rep j resellfatift-e: *of the l uieift Sl:;i# . all meiulicrs of Stale Legishitu#ea,fttnd aU und judicial offici rs, “both ft>f ihe Uni!#d States and of the several Slates, shall be j bound by oath or affirmation to support-j: is CoiJktitu lion.” ‘ .# 111 orjer to cariA into eii'ct sic.-c powers, tho Constitu ] tion liaftcstahlislied a perfect Governmciii ii;ill its forms Legislative, E-vecinive afld judicial; ay-! this (Jov#n ment.totl# ext at of i j)o\ft< rs, acts din #llv upon the imkvidiial ci!i/e;.s of every Statift and executed its cwi;, deiyves byftlie m.tancv of its own officers. In this respect , it ditiers ( litirely from the (tta\ ei iimftnt under tl. old* ‘on federation, whifth was coufined to inakiinr reqffitfttions 011 | the Siufcft in thcirsoftk-rcign eliaraetfr. This left; within the discretion of ;i*obey or l-efusf, and tl*#\ eften declined to eomplv wilii shell laypiisitions. It tints heeanie ftaft-e.---ary, for ino purp.ft >• of ftemoving this harrier, and “iu order 10 foian a mol- • -feet Union,” to establish a <iovei nuicutftwhieli could -:*i#-ectly Upon Un people, ar.d execute iis ownlaws without Jie yi# rincdi ateagi i#y of the States. Thij iius been accomplished hy theft ‘(institution of the Unit est .fttotes. ‘ 1 ftn shoA , the Government. erecteftl by the poiistitution# anddeiftving its authority l'ltaui the sovereign pc#ple of each of the se acral Klflt cs, liasq>re*-isely the same right to etft* else its poft.cr over theypct’nle (fall thqfc (Stales, in® the oiuftneruted cases, that ea*i (yn* of them possesses over subjects 11 ft dclijgat-ed to tin- l nited States, lyut “le- ,l served to the Slates, reftncctively, or to the people.” 1 To *h# extent £>f the delegafliijpoweiu the Constitution of*tlie I’nftcdSfiitos S as much a part <•. ihft :;>i# of each t-state, ftid is*, binding qjion As ; eople, as thou,tali it hadju-citatcxtuall*- inserted therf in. * # 4'his Govcrnpientftherefore, taagVat and powerful Go •-ernme-nt, in\ .-ted yvfth all the utteftnites of sort l-eignty over tlie*.*p#eial subjects to wide!; iis authority e.xteft. -# Its friMuei-s ne\ft-r“intended in iis bosom the #cedsof itsowu destruction,nor were theft at its civutiftu guilty of the aiisurdity of ])rMdiug for its (ft,vn dysolu ition. It was n#t inteudtadby iis fraiueita to be thtabaseless ftibiftc (ft’ a vision which, at the toi#;!i ofthe <ft.chanter, would vanish into thin air, but asnbstan.ial and mig Ov IVibrift eapifbte of resisting ibe slow b-eay (yf time and of dofyiiig the storms of a*es. *lnd-.-eiP, wt ll nurrethe jeal ous pfittyuts 04 that day have indulged fiftirs that ftt gov ernment of such high powers might viol.it# tiie lvsqjvced ; ygiits of the Slates, und wisely did they ado])t the rule of j a sU-ict ecn;<i#ctioii #f these powers To prevent tlfi- dan ger: But they did not leftr, n#r had they#aii_y*reasi#i to imagine,that the Constitution would he sointt-nu etedas to enable any State, by her own and ftcithout iin* consent of her sister Unites, to discharge her people froiy-all or any of tlu-ir Fcdcrgl obligations. - * i; aiay be asked, Lj;cn, are the peopdi *.f tlie (States out l-edressagain.-y tne tyi#nuy an. j qiprcssioft if the Fed ■; al GovcniinentT By no nicftn* TTi# rftii'ft of resist ance on the part of the governed ag.iifis! the oppression of tlieir gota'i-nments eiymot be denied. It exists iTnle)# int ently of si H Constitutions, ftnd inis lx# a at all periods of the wofld’s history. Under it old giß'c-i-uiueiits# have Ift-en destroy eiL and new ones have taken “heir place. lt®“s enibidlied in strong ami express language in our own Declaration of But the distine- ( , tion lyust ever be observed, that fti.ls is re volutin# against ;>u establisliedft !o\ft rnnie*t,aiul nnt#t voluntary secessiqii from it by virtue of an inherent Constitutional right, lif ► sliorf, let us look the danger fairly iu till lace; Secession is •neither rr.Are'aor-less tiiaii revolution. It inTiy or may not he a jiistilialtleft-evolution, hut still it ys revolution. B’hat, in the meantime, is the responsibility aitl true p<# sition of tl#> Executive? lift- isftiouud hv the solemn oath before (>od and the oftintry, “to take < al e that the htavs be lniftifulfty executed,’•andfiftm this #)bligatioi# he*eyiinot ‘heabsolved hv any liunmrepower.. But what if the per formance oft tiiis duty, in whole or part, has been render- < cdmiipi aetieabie by events over which lie could have ex ercised no control 1 .Sixff, at the present moment, is the case througlfimt tb* State of South Carolina, bo far as the laws of the United States to secure tin# administration of justice by means of the Federal Judiciary are concerned. All tbc Federal oflic* rs,*viihin iis limits, tbrougft wlxftee agency alone these laws can be carried into execution, have already Ift-signed. B’e no longer have a district Judge, a district Attorney, ora MaPshal iu .South Carolina. ! 111 fact, the whole machinery ofthe Fi alera! (lOvernineiiL necessary for the ftis! ribiitifAi of remedial justice among | the people, lias been demolished, and it would he difficult, j ft not impossible, to replace it. o The qply acts of Cbyigress on the statute book, hearing upo# this Subject, are tiiore # of the -f-th February, lV't'o, and fid .Maieii, 18 !7. These authorize the l'resident, after lie} shall have ascertained that the manual with hi posxi: emit tt ui u s is unable to exeiftitt civil or criminal proct -s in any purificular case, to call forth the militiaTmd employ I lie nave and army to aid him in ]ft.-rtorming this service, Inn ing first hv l’roclnftuation coninianded the insurgents “to disjici #e and, retire ptfticeaMy to tlieir abodes, within a limited time.” This duty cannot hv pos- i I sibility be performed iu a .State where no judicial authority exists to issue process, and where there i?no mar#lial to execute it and where, cv>#i if tiu-re were such an oltieer, theftmtire population would constitute omft solid combina tion to resist him. The Imre enumeration of these provisions proves how inadequate they are without further legislation to over •Tm.e a uiiitej opposition in a single State, not to spmik 41 f ; other .States v. bo may place themselvi s in a o-iinilar#itti ; Hide. Congress alone lias power to decide lather tlie j*. ■( s.-at 1 Iws can or cannot# e amended sous to carryout I more efti-ctually the objects of the Consliyition. T I#rft-;a me iusuperuble obstacles do not lie in Ae wav of ’ exe.-uting tlnolaws for the collection of the ousfbms. i lie revenue still continues toobe eolft eted. as iieretofore, at the custom house in Charleston : and should the collector unfortunately resign, a successor may be appointed to per form this dutj. ® Then in regard to the property#,Allie United Stale.-ftin Smith Carolina. This Inis been purchased for a fair equi valent, “by the conseTu Legislature of the State,” “for the erection of forts, arsenals,” Ate., and over thi ee the ant hority “to exercise exclusive legislation” baa been expressly granted by the Constitution to Con gnus. It is not believed that any attempt wilftbe made to expel the United States from this property by force“ but if rn this 1 should pro\e to be mistalten, the officer in com- I maud of tbft forts lias received orders to act strictly on the defqpsive. In -such a contingency, the responsibility for ! eonscqia nee.- woiibl right fnllyS est ujsui tlie heads of the | assailants. # •Aparfifrom the execution of the laws, so far as this may toe 1 racticable*-the Executive has no authority to decide , what shulWie jhe r*mit ioti lfetwften the Federal (Jov.-rn ment and South Ci'jolina. He hgf been invested with 110 such discretion. J*- |ne sees up ] owi rto change tin? re lations lift-’-i tab .re exist ing hot ween them, nun 1l less to ac® knowledge tb.- independence of that State. This would be to invest * mere Executive officer with the power*of •ecognizing tiie diss*lntion of the Confederacy among our thirty-ftn-ee sovereign State#;. It hears“no resemblance to the recognition of a foreigngfe facto government, involv ing no such resiionsibility. to do tbhPwoold, on liis part, be anake<ftactof u.-’iu-patioa. It is, therefore, ; niy duty to submit to Congress the whole question in all its bearings, jl'he course of events is so rapidly hastening forward, that the emergency may soon arise, wlTen you may he called upon to decide the montentowAquootion ; whether yfli possess the power, bv force of arms, to com- i pel a State to remain in tlie Union. “I should feel myself recreant to rny duty. Were I ret to express aa opinion on this impeypan't subject. , * ■The quest'ftm fairly stsited is;- Has the Constitution dele gated to Congress the power to coerce a state int o submis sion is attempting to withdraw or has actually With- . drawn .Vom the Confederacy ! If answered in the affix* j mative, it must be on the principle that the power lias \ TEB.IIS, TtVO DO 1.1. ARM, ‘( Iu Advance. 0 S been iti (1 upoif (*>]iL'i< s#to declare and to uuftie war against a Stale. After much serious reflection, 1 have ur rived at thef'onchisi noTuifh power has lieeit dele-* j gtaed to Congress, or to any other tle]iartiiieiit of*lhe Fed ; eral (Jovt rniiieut. It is manifest, upon ifu inspection of* the Constitution.dh.it *his is not among tlie speciticnnd enumerate.! powers granted to Congress: find it is equally , apparent that tl is exercise is not “necessary and ptgtpcr j tflr carrying into execution” any one of these powers. So Tar ftTuti this | uvfr having lieeit delegated to CongrAs, it was — l^refused by the Contention whfch fratufld jtlie*CoiistitUt toll. * It appears front th<® proceeinnga of that body, that on thedlsi May, l?*?, the clause “authorising an exertion of , the fore exit’ the whole against ad. limpient Static” eaine up for consideration Mr? Madison opposed it in a brief fbtrtjtovttrful spe.o h, Oom which 1 shall extract burn sin-. l eh sentence. Ho observed: “The uae of forceagainata State would look flhuv like it declaration of wttr lliitit an of punish incut, would probabl yflie consider fd by xlie {inty atti eked a> a dissolution of all previous > eonipa Os hy which it might he hound.” I ‘pen ibis motion* the clap-c Wttß unanimously pos||'nofrl , and Wiis never, I believe, again presented. Soon iiflerwitnls, on the Sth of .Mine, li sf, wnen incidentally adverting to die subject, hesilid: “Aliy < ioverninent for the I’uited States, formed j on the supposed^racth'ability of using force against the ! nneonstittitional proceedings of the States, would prove 1 its visimferv iiml ;is the government of Congress,” Kwidcntly meaning tfce tlion existing lfl<agress of tlie old j Confederation. * Without defending to particulars, it may be safclyois- rted 0 i hat the power to make Will’ lignins! it Syite is at vafriucc with C.Twhole spirit and intent of the CiAisti tution. Suppose stuji ;t Witr should result in the conquest of a State, flow ;,rc*wc to “overn it uftcrwarils / Shall wcfliold it as it province. itftl jjovcrtni Ly dcs[iotic power/ dn life nature of thin:., we could not, by physical force, control tlie will of the ]T r.ml eompel them to elect Senators and Ivcpresciitntm sto Congrcssfund to®perform ;ill the otln*dutn s depending on tln ir own volition, itnd I required from the free citizens of a free State as constitu ent members of the Confederacy. „ * Hut, if we possessed this power, would it b%\vise to exercise it under existing •licmnstauees / The object wotdd doubtless lie to preserve the I'nion. War would not only present the most flfectiial wiiy <>f fl. trovynr it, but would banish ;.ll Tope of its peaceaidcTeinmstruction. He.-aics. iy the fraternal coniiivt. a vast amount aif blood and treiisure would be expended, i*nderiifli futyre recoil* filiation between the Slates impossible. In tlie nieantimo wfliocau foretell wlmt would lie tile sufl'eringsand prTva tion.Tof the pm pie (liu'iog its existence ? • * The tact is t hat our I'nion res’ s upon yulTlic opinion afld can never Tie cemented hy the blood of its citizens shed in civil war. If it cannot live in the affections of the poo piit must on# day polish. AongrA's possesses many Oilcans ofspn serving it by conciliation, Btul the sword was not placed in their handy to preserve it bv (byre. • lint may l be pei iniued soh nailv Bo invoke mv iTmntry* men to pause and deliberate before they dcteniAno to de stroy this, tlie grandest tempi* which ever been dedi- V ;.-d i l :fn-i .!■ :, *i! .* 1 i:c world Ifl'gall ! It ltls been consecmtfld bv #,c blood of our fathers,the glo ries of the past ami by the hopes of the future. The I'n ion lias already made inutile most prosperous, and, ($u lß.ig \\A! if presetted, lender us the most powerful Ba ffoti on the fa A: of the cart!® In every foreign region of the globcTlio title of American cMzi us is held iy the high-„ ,est respect, aOd when pronouncedTn a for*rignland it cau ses hearts yif our country men to swell with honest pride! Surely, wheif’wc reach the brink of the yawning abyss, we shall recoil avith horror from the last fataU * plunge. Hy sia h adrcnd catastrophe £hc of Hub friends of freedom throughout the vvifrld would he de i stroved, and a Tong night of louden despotism would en- ® shlßutd nations. (Jin®examine for nine- than eighty years would not oAly ne lost.Jmt - conclusive prof*!’ that titan iyimtit®for self yoverniaeiit. it not very wrMig-g-nay, is it not vehy grievout wrong -j-which justify a resort > i-Ttcli a feartijj, alternative/ i ids ought to he the lastTlespenitc reuft-dy of a hespitir ing peogje, after every other constitutional means of con eibntTon lias been exhausted. \\% should reflect that an* del’ this free govft is an incessant tdib tutd flow in ]#ihiie opiifion. Th# sfavery (jjiest ion, like everv Thing human, frill have its day. 1 iirinlv bclihvc that it? 5 lias already reached its ctilmifratiiig point. Hut if, in the midst of ttie existing < #ci:cment, the Cnioli shall perish, the evil maw then heconie C< (Tgress eailjcon# tribute liun-n toaveit It, by proposing and tcioiiTiiendilij? to the legislatures of the several States tlie reim-Jy for iy\ ist/Tg evils, which the Coustiiutißii itself provided i>ritsown lireservjition. @ This hat* been triad at*dilli rent critical jierjpds of our always witheminent sgcccss. It is'To he found in flie stii article provided for its owi) amendmefr. Tuder thir*article ana initl.ent* have been nroposefl liv two thirds of both Houses of Congress, ano lafr e been “rat #iie legislatuies of of the S( ve-( ral States,” and have jgonseifUcntly become prats of the Const it til ion. To tit is process (Tie count rT i* iiftleMed for tly clause prohihitTng Congress from passing any law re speeting an estaldislinuTit <>fd •eligion, or ahfldging tli? freedom of i*JieecT or of the press, iu’ of the right of pe lf ion. To this weyire, the which secur- • the people against Tiny ylatse of power liy •lie Hkli-ral t io\ # ernniciiP tin? apjiri hctisions t justly enter!:?ncd*by the friends of State Hights at that.* period*, s to have rendered >• extremely doubtful whether tin; Cißis'.ilution could have long t-mvived without these ‘ameiuk cuts. * Again, the Const itntiun was amended by the same pro cess after tl?c (flection of I’rcsideut deflerson hy of Kepres(.ntativesfin Fehrutiry 1 SOU. This amendment fras rendered •necessary to prevent if roeurrl'ljee of the dangers which had seriously tliiafrtcned the existence of the Ooveniinent during the tiendency of tint election.— The article for its own w its intciflled to secure “ the a.ideal.le adjust nient <>f conflicting constitutional <j#cs tions like the present which might arise between the gov ernments of tlie States, and that of the United States. — This appears IrointTonteniporaiieous history, in this coi nection, I shall merely cull attention to a few sentences in Mr. Madison's justly crlchifltcd report, in 171*1*, to the Legislature of \ irginia. In this lie ably and conclusively the l'csoftitioii# of the jifeceiiing Legislafitre against tiie of several Statc^iPgislatures. These were mainly founded upon rfle protest of the X irginia Legislature against the “Alien and Sedition Acts.’flis “palpahle*.nd alarming infractionsyt!’ the consti-* tution.” In painting out the peaceful and constitutional re medies, and he referred to none other, to \qjiich thcOhates were iiuthori/.cd to resort, on such occasions, Iqj concludes hy saying, “that the legislatures of tlu; States might have made indirect representation to Congress with a view tT> obtaining a rescinding of the twy oliensiTe acts, or they might have re|ireseiiti''i to tlieir respective=Senators in Congress ill ir \\ ?lt that own-thirds thereof would pro pose till ex]ilanatory aniendtneiit to the Constitution, or two thiWs of till nisclves, if sifl-li laid been their option, luigdd, hy tin tipplication to Congress, have (fl)tained a ( onvegiton for tfle same o!ject.” This is the very course which I earnestly recommend in order to obtain an “explanatory amendment” of the , Constitution on the subject of slavery. This might nrigj nate wity Cotfgt css or the State Legislatures,as may bo doenicd most au\ istible to tittaia the object. 1 The explanatory amendment might be cofllfinad to the final settlement of the true construetion of the Constitu tion on three special points : 1. An express recognition of the right of property ia slaves in the Slates where it now exists or may hereafter j exist. 2. Tlu* duty of ri Uncommon Tit 1 ritories throughout their territorial existence, and until tliev sha > admitted ax States into the Union, with or without slavery, its their Const it ut ion uiav prescribe. •t. A like the right of*thc master to have his slave, who has escaped trombone State to another, re stored and “delivered up” fe> him, and of the validity of the fugitive slave law enacted for this purpose, together with it declaration that all State laws impairing or defeat | ing this right art; violations of the Constitution, and are consequently null and void. * It may he objected that this construction of the Consti tution has already been settled by the Supreme Court of the I'Sited States, and what more oughtsto he required ! ; The answer is, that a very large portion of # the tteople of United States, still contest tin* CTre tnws -ft’ tins de* vision, and never will eeasc* from agitation and admit its bindiftg force until dearly established bv the people Rf the several States in their sovereign diameter. Such an ex planatory amendment would, it is believed, forever uate the existing dissensions and restore peace and harmo ny among tl* States. 0 It ought not to he doubted that such an appeal to tlieTir bitntment estghlished by the Constitution itself would he received w*ltii favor by all the States Ot the Confederacy. # any evu it ought to he t; i<•; lin of conriliatioTi ‘ lietpre any ot these States separate fiiemsel v es from rite Uj on. • • # When I entered upon the duties of the Presidential of* fice"tiie aspect neither of our foreign nor domestic affairg was at all satisfactory. We were involved in dangerous confbiicatioi s with several nations, and two of our Terri tories were in a state of revolution against the Govern ment. A restoration of the African slave trade had liu im rans and powerfuPadvocates. Unlawful military ex ile-lit ions were countenanced by many of our citizens, and ° were suffered, in defiance of the efforts iff the Gov ern ment, to escape from onr shores for the purpose of making war upon the unoffending people of neighboring llepub liea with whom we are at peace. • In addition to*these and other difficulties, we experi enced a revUlsioa of monetary affairs, soon after inv ad vent to powf-r, to unexampled severity and of ruinous consequences to all the great interests of the country.— When we take a retrospect of what was then our condi tion and contrast this with its material prosperity at the late Presidential electiofi, we have abundant reason to re turn our grateful thanks to that merciful Providence which has never forsaken us ns a nation in all our past trials. NO. 37-