Newspaper Page Text
BEircs or tbs pAmsmiDs
ofjiuurun.
brigades of Beo and Bartow of JobR-
»ton's army lighting to stay the Fed
eral advance.) “After fighting theye
for gome time oar boys ran bach from
Buck Hill over tfi the Henry place,
and the Yankees after them. More
-men kept coming from’towards Manas
sas.” (The whole of Beauregard and
Johwtop'g firmlpi were taking posi
tion on the Henry fnrm.) Tlien Jhe
Two Ancient Citizens Who Viewed
the Slaughter end Cared for the
Wounded.-Both Still Using on
$Jl£ ?l€fCT99J)&
"The Belle of Battle*" Is a tldo-e -- .
sort of a nom dc guerre—borne by a | Yankees followed np Henry Hill. The
venerable woman who lives at Grove- *■" —* — <h»»
ton, Prlnee William county, Virginia,
a war-worn hamlet in that bkwl-
aoaked region wherein the first and
second battles of Bull Run god scores
of less ssngulnary eugsgeipepts were
fought. Groveton fs a Bfuilet pf
tragic memories, ft Is on the Wgr-
renton turnpike Dye miles wp»t fif Peg-
trevllle, fhree miles cast Of Gaines
ville, fir# miles north of Manassss and
two tnlloa south of Dudley. These
,a ,to bmff
Though the old lady wok known to
the men of the Federal nr piles of tbo
Potomac and Virginia, apd to the
Confederate army of Northern Vir
ginia, and la still known the country
round as "The Belle of Battles,” her
name Is Mrs. I.Oclndq. Pogaq. Bbe Is
ninety years' pfil. has pa «ro«)leut
memory, good teeth, does not Wear
eyt-gls»K>* «td «*h walk to 1 ** H §
•trpteb. _ ;
Ninety Year Old Witnesses.
Aagnst 88. 80 and (0 are the battle
day* of tbo Hooqpd Bull Hup. August
- dVVXWS
the defeat of Pope by Lae find Jack-
son will be celebrated on the field of
Groveton, tbs centra of the opposing
armies, by a reunion of veterans and
a birthday celebration for Urn Belle
of Battles? The two observances will
be so Interwoven tbst it would be hard
to separate one from the olbcr. An
other feature of tbo observance will lie
that particular prominence will be
given to no old-lime colored men
whose name I* dim lteiln>om|. Red
mond Is also ninety years old.
shooting bad got so furious now that
we couldn't hear any single musket,
and the firing of tbe cannon was so
fast that only onee In a while conld
we pick out a single shot The coun
try down'there was now so covered
with dust and smoke that we couldn't
see the men, and though they were
aiioptlpg wp pould not distinguish the
spouting from the shooting. Now and.
then we could see lines of men running
across tbo Chinn place, this side of
the Henry farm, a* though they were
running to get Into the smoke and dust
and shooting. It was on awful sight,
pvery Utile while g esnnon ball or
shell would comoovcrow wsy. but ws
were all too Interested apd excited to
mlpd It. About font o'clock la the
afternoon the poise was at Ita loudest,
nod we could see small bodies of mop
going back acusa tbe Matthews' place
and on towards Budlyy. Then more
went hack that way. sod finally tbe
field got so full of them sod they made
such a dust ruppipg that we couldn't
see them- The shooilpg quieted down
so we Cflidd bony Single shots, apd the
dug Ip tbo Henry field got higher and
thinner. We knew the Yankees were
running. About six o'clock tbfit even
ing my husband end J drove over to
the Henry place. The old house was a
heap Of ifpoklng ashes. Mr old friend
Mrs, Judith Hcory, wb# was sick In
bed. had been killed that morning by a
■bell which broke through tbo bouso
and buret In her bedroom. AH the
treeg about the place had beep abet
down SO that only the slumps were
standing. Parties of Confederates
were picking up deed men end burying
them, but plenty of corpses were still
lying ground- We saw a great many
, nnd many of them were
mood (a also ninety years oio.
{Groveton Is a group of three honors wounded men,
M ft crossroad; Mrs. Roggn lives In begging for water. Bend bosses were
one hputp, Redmond In another nnd j lying around everywhere. <MW the field,
MAKING MAPLE SUGAR.
TBS AMERICAN INDIANS THE
FIRST SUGAR PRODUCERS.
They Dropped Red Hot Ctaneo Into
the Sap.—The Present Industry an
Important One.—Much Adultera*
tlOlle
From- time unknown tbe Indians
tapped tbe sugar maple trees for
invents. They made diagonal cuts ip
the trunk and drove reeds or pieces of
concave bark Into tbe lower ends to
convey the liquid into a bark trough
or other receptacle. They boiled tbe
spi/by dropping hot stones Into it. In
some cases they allowed tbe liquid to
freeze, end by throwing out tbe ice
suite-lent water was removed to allow
the syrup to crystallize.
For a hundred years or more tbe con
ditions -of producing -maple sngar
changed but slightly over those prac
ticed by the Indians, except that the
cooking vessels were made of Iron or;
eopjier In plaep of vessels of clay or
fiugar Caron Is ths Woods.
The boiling was' generally done In the
open woods, nnd with no shelter from
the weather, leaves, pieces of bark,
gshes, drippings from the trees and
other Impurities fell Into the open
pells png kettles. The old-fashioned
potash kettle was suspended over the
fire from one end of n long, benvy pole, I
Which, by weights at the other end, i
codld bo easily maulpuhited, cither to!
regulate the distance from the heat, or:
tp awing the kettle on or off the fire— I
t) crude prane. Sugar was made by
boiling down tbe tbtp syrup until it be
came waxy when dropped luto tbo
f mow; then It was ready to be poured
nto tbo moulds. The increasing de
mand for maple sugar has brought with
It revolutionary methods.
Ope of the first changes was tho
adopt lop of the augur bole und wooden
or metal spout In pluco of tbo old de
structive ax-cut and open wooden
spout. At first tho sap was generally
carried to the fire or sugar house In
buckets by bund or will) n shoulder
yoke; but as tbe scale of operations
Increased the gathering tank was Intro
duced, and where the work Is on n
supposed that their adoption has beep
universal, far there are still many parts
of the Country in which sugar Is pro
duced only in n small way, and almost
every farm of sugar making, even the
primltlre may yet be found. Many
eaters of maple sugar, as a matter of
fact, prefer the coarser open kettle
sugar to the smooth, delicately flavored
sugar produced by Improved evapora
tion. Tbe former Is darker In color and
stronger iu tbo maple taste. Honest pro
ducers endeavor to market their sugar
NEW WATERWAYS.
A Tension
Indicator
PROPOSED SHORTENINGS OF
NORTHWESTERN TRANSPOR
TATION ROUTES.
Intiohs, Instead of selling It .to whole
salers, who, as n rule, mix It with glu
cose und other adulterants.
The New England Btafes are the
greatest -producers, Vermont heading
the list With an average annual produc
tion of about 10.0uu.000 pounds of
sugar and 300,000 gallons of syrnp.
Tho total production of maple sugur in
tho Uiiited Stales la about 3U,0u0,UUU
tbo third la occupied liy a tenant farm
er of tba Uugaus. liotU Mrs. Hogan
and Jim Rodmond saw tbe batllei
Rnll Hun and looked upon tho fluid
all th«lr gory horror. When the fifing
had oaoaed, Men. Hogan and her chil
dren, and Jim Rodmond walked
among tho dead und wounded carry
ing bucketa of water find '’SOUrd’
dippers, giving drink to tbo moaning
soldiers, many of whom, of course,
were dying. All tho old folk lu too
battle region of Virginia oay that (be
moat horrible aonnd that cornea from
a battlefield la tho chorus of cries for
water which oomo from the wounded.
After his labor ua a volunteer water
carrier, Redmond wurked with ft
burial party dinging the long. «pet>
trenebei In which tbo Confederate
dead were laid. . .
Groveton la on high ground, but
near tbo Hogan bouse Is • bill from
which n good view may bo obtained el
Henry Hill, the Junction of the Wnr-
renton pike and tfio Bndley rood find
tbo vuitey of Ymwg'a Branch, nil
mile t» ipo fust fif ”
real nf “
Sunday,
this hill
mopd wfitoliod th. first home- « ro
Interesting to lot Ww. Hneun
atosy Of the fl»M |u far fi'X“ Wfif-
BUo said:
rOH'lOU find Tbe
• that rod
hla toil tb«tW p«P(m und Jim I
need Wfitehed ^.fira^Ww’; Jw!
By An Cyp Witness,
"Tho Yankcca were fill around Con-
trerlllo and our lx>ya were laying
along Bull Run. Soma o( our tfOOPa
l ept cpmlng through Gainesville from
tho Valley." .(This was Johnston’s
army which had slipped away from
l*atterson’s troopOyhi the Bhennndoah
Valley nnd wna re-lnforclng lleaure-
gntd.) ."Early Sunday tpornluit WO
heard sbooll|i« do)rn the plko tpwnrda
tho Stone Bridge. *»d toy hU»b»ud
called cut that the Yanks were oom-
lug, Wo wept VP- tq tbo ten* fif tlmt
lillf yonder und some of tho uelghhara
also ca-,30 up. We could ifo the
ampke rising above the trees about
tho Stone Bridge,” (This was Tyler’s
division of tho I’ttlon army engaging
Cofko nnd Evans’ brigades posted on
tliq extreme Confederate left.) "Off
towards Sudley wo could seo clouds
of fiust rising over tho woods." (This
was McDowell with tho divisions of
IlUUtcr and Holntzplman executing
the flank movement!. “After the
ahqotlng had beep gu|ug on for half
on hour we cqtfid a#e crowds of men
running back from the Btono Bridge
to the Budley road and then going
north towards Budley. Southern
tropp* were coming up from towards
Manassas, marching across tho Henry
prcltf well turned up by shells and
Ullft Pewitl )«n( s«M ‘atoaqw AtoiliiJU
muskets, bayonets, belts, capo, knap
sacks and coats.”
Warned «f Second Buttle.
Jt was moro thou n yenr later, Au
gust ua IfifiS, tbfit Mrs. Hogan, after
clearing up the bronltroat dishes, was
.to|d by fl •Itfitf olni'er of HtoecwoH
Jackson to more off her. farm, ns there
would be fighting there thfit day.
or with the largo storage tanks on tbe
roadside, while In one largo Adiron
dack sugar grove a narrow-gauge rail
way Is used for collecting sap.
The Passing cf trie Kettle.
About the mlddlo of the nineteenth
century there was it chango In the ac
tual process of sugar making, through
the adoption of an Iron pun In place of
the old kettle. Tho earliest form of
evaporator was probably u shallow pan
about SO Inches wide, 0 Inches deep,
and from (I to 10 feet In length. Tills
was supported by a tbln-walled fire-lux
of stone or brUt, Tho greatest por
tion of tho under surfuce of this |utn
being qxpnsed to tbe bent of the fire,
caused wore rapid evaporation, tho use
of less fuel and a quality of syrup nnd
sugar far better tiffin by tho kettle
method. Tbo manufacture of this new
style of pan led to the erection of build
ings for tbelr shelter. Then followed
a form of pnn with partitions to muse
an alternating How, this Improvement
allowing tbo sap to enter ut one end of
tho evaporator and to flow from side to
side through succeeding compartments.
Canafa'Wbfcb May be Cut Through
Michigan and Wisconsin Penin
sulas.—Englncrlng Difficulties Not
Croat.
Tbe canal, ancient Institution though
It is, so far from having outlived us
uses, commends Itself with Increasing
urgency as the years speed by. Canals
do not kohl tbelr place In tbe publh-
eye directly as means of cheap trans
port. but as abort cuts between great
navigable waters.
A abort cut is ■ time-saver, nnd a
time-saver Is a money-maker. And this
Is the universal demand.
From the days of tho Phnroalis a wa
ter-link between the Mediterranean
find tue Rod Son wom talked of and a
Kvixeration or ho ago the Suez Canai
became a fact So well established Is
It now that commerce between EurojK*
nnd the Orient marvels how it got
along before De Leaseps unde a dream
come true. Then on our continent was
the Erie Canal that brought the Great
Lukes in touch with tbo Atlantic
through tbe Hudson River. There wus
the Manchester Canal, the Kiel Canal
and the 800 Canal. The I'anama Canal
is in near prospect* a *lUp canal be
tween tbe inland seas and tbe Missis
sippi River Is iu mind, and now conies
vowr
IS JUST
WHAT
THE
WORD
offL
pound* annually. An Interesting Illus
trated bulletin linn been published by
the Department of Agriculture, giving
a detailed description of methods of
sugar und syrup making, and also In
formation ami advice ns to the best
method* of planting and caring for
maple grove* to Insure the highest re
turns to their owners. The bulletin al
so describe* tbe various method* nnd
practice* of ndiilterntion largely in
vogue, soine of which are hurtful to
health, while other» are simply fraud*
practiced on the purchaser.
Versed In Pig Language.
Wages ofTnrm laborer* In England
are enticing. An advertiser in the
Wimbledon, England, Gazette wont*
u lad aland 20; must lie a churchman
f good education, who can drive a
liorte aud c«rt, assist In the stable .and
garden (melous nnd cucumbers), milk
cow* niul understand pig*; must be ac
customed to wait ut table aud of gen-
tlenmji!)* appearance; early riser and
teetotaler; good reference* required.
Tho wage* of this fnrm band of dl-
versliicd accomplishment* are to bo
fed a year, but he must lodge out and
furnish his own weals, except dinner.
Even If It Cost* a Billion.
The Dcs Moines Register awl Leader,
In discussing the Panama Canal ques
tion, says that “it 1* probably safe, as
the result of all that U being said, to
conclude that tbe government bus en
gaged upon an experiment that will
cost more In time and money than any
one 1ms been willing to admit But the
Tporo Imfl bron lwavy tisfiting tfle il»y
lwfuru nrofl!>‘l QoliwvuII, threo wilt*
down tk» i>tkis. npd (ln> nlgut boforc
Juvltron li.pl taken up pis position
■long tho filfiipitaiuki ru {Iropd ted from
Gftfnsvllto to Huifii'y. pml wldcp passes
fihopk SfiO yari|. Uick ok tfio Dossn
bopso, |i>»ro to fiwalt tips forninn »(
Longstrroi Ihronnh ThornuVufu.ru (ini)
nnd (lif nporoqt'lt qf Goncrfil Tope
wllfl (ho VRlnfi fiftny from tip) dlroc-
tion of iianuMfis. Mrs. Pogat) hart
not ruficliot! her ffithor's honzo, two
miles 4W»y, when n Vfilofi lwttory nnd
snnport. took nuikm fi.n. tho Pnfifi
hnufif nnd ttPi'Wxl op Jpckmn's Jlno.
All (lint nnd the next dfi.v there w»»
Irrooandlilondyfiilitlnfr around Orovo-
loo. Of thu conditions tpero »ho
said;
"Fnnernl pnrtlen of lioth nrmlcs
Were Imrylng (ho dead, though they
had nut lops been ft W» horrible
work. Tho CpnfoflomtoH _ ,iqg long,
leep trenchen and laid their mm In
he ground that tray, Tho Union
hprlnl pnrtlen only ehoveled mounds
It
Indicates
, tbetUfe
of the tension at a glance.
Its use means time saving
and coxier sewing.
It’s our own Invention
and is found only on the
White
Sewing Machine.
W« have other striking-
Improvements that appeal to
the careful buyer. Send for
our elegant H. T. catalog.
J Sewing Mage
Cleveland, Ohio.
a proposition to join Lakes SuiHTlor
and Michigan 135 mile* west of Sault
Kte. Marie. It 1* contemplated to uti
lize White 1'isU River, which flows
from very near the north shoro of the
uorthern peninsula of Michigan South
ward into the Little Buy do Noquetto.
due north of Chicnga Of the 40 miles
across the peuiuaula only about 1C
would need to be dredged.
Many Miles Shorter*
Tbe time 1* perbapi* not distant when
engineer* wRl cut u canal through the
buso of the Michigan peninsula and
thu* couple up l4iUe Huron ond # Luke
Michigan. A ditch 155 mile* would re
duce by 450 mile* the all-wator route
lietwoen Buffalo nnd Chicago. The
route across thu. Michigan iienlnsula
wliich ha* been suggested lie* from To-
Icdo on the cast to South Haven on
tho west The topogruphy-of tho land
present* none of the great obstacle*
which were overcome In the Erie,
Chesapeake aud Ohio «md other great
American canal*. The commerce of the
Great Lake* Is vast enough to deserve
all the short cut* which engineering
skill aud wealth can command.
B01L1N0 MAPLE BYRPP IN THg OLD FABHIONKD WAY.
reaching the other end In the form of
syrup. This I* practically the form of
evaporator In u*c to-day. Improve
ments havo beeu made in the method
of firing, ami from the old, rough fire
box hu* been evolved the modern
pf dirt ever the bodlp* where they j (tortablo nreli, made of Iron, lined with
lay, and two or three day* later a tire brick nnd provided with grate bars
heavy rgln made th« Acid lildeou*. | and accurate dampers, *0 that the heat
When the children nnd I rot home la mere regular, while no smoke is al
lowed to escape.
parties of men were collecting the
wounded nnd putting them In row*
here Iq tho yard and wherever there
WOX abode. Doctor* were cutting off
J eg* and nrm* nnd the moaning wo*
awful. They hadn’t brought In all the
wounded. There were hundred* scat
tered nil nround the farms. Tho chil
dren aud I took bucket* of water ouf
Into tho field* and we worked tbftt
way all day and Into the night, doing
What we could for the poor fellows.
Most of tho wounded on our farm
Were Yankin'*, but that didn’t make;
any difference to us after they got
hurt. All eur lied sheeting nqd table
|luen went for bandage**”
The Famous Moscbv Men.
Mrs. bouse wa* tho rendez
vous of Moseby'a ’'Ranger*,” “scout*,”
“bushwhackers.” “pirate*,” variously
called, many of whom are still living,
scattered throughout Northern Vir
ginia. The morning after Moaeby
Steam Pipe Evaporators.
Probably tho latest Improvement in
ayrup making is that adopted by a
manufacturer In the Adirondack*. A
series of steam pipe* 1* placed In the
evaporating pan uml tbo sup made to
flow arouud thorn. Tbo process 1*
farm, thoq pver Ruck Hill and on to-1 tl »ok General Stoughton nnd staff, pris-
wnrda iuflloy.” (The Confederates oner* at Fairfax court house, the
li*4 dl*coYOfvd tlie Union turning* whole party ate brcaHfast nt Mrs. po-
mqrenieqt pnd were preparing to'gan's. The old lady was a star wlt-
rhock It) “Not long after all this, the 1 rmss in the Congressional Inquiry Into
shootfbv began between the pike nnd the Fltz-Jobn Porter case* She te*tl-
Sudler. \ve ponld pear the sharp
^crqcklng q( the musket* apd t!ie loud
^toport* of the wnnon. pnd could hear
mon ahoutlng. Not long after, the
men who had marched toward* Sudley
capie running b*ek thpmp**
woods *nd over
. iboot now and
fled that I^ongstrpet nnd staff took
breakfast with her on the piornltig of
August 20 nnd that regiments of his
corps were marching down the pike
from Gainesville.- This did much to
establish Porter’s contention that
when he and hfs division lay behind
Dawk In’* branch on August 29 Long-
cdfoluff from street’s Whole corps was In front of
ond were forming on Ruck Hill and him extending from Jackson’* right at
tho Matthews farm." (These were the| Groveton.
canal will ho built, even though on-
can«l will bo built, even though the en
gineers arc coup wiled to go a luilo deep
Tor n foundation for their work*. The
I’nited States will never add a chapter
to the history of tho do Loeseps failure.
Even If the canal 1* to cost a billion
uollar* Instead of tho $200,000,000 that
lias lu'ou estimated, It will bo put
through. Rut It majr lmpi>en many
time* before the job 1* done' that, us
Mr. Payne suggests, the people will re
call tlmso all-night speeches of old
Senator Morgan and be willing to have
theip enrolled among the masterpieces
of American oratory."
Tho lUi{bcsotuo Locust,
From The WMblpgton Star.
Look hero. Mlstuh Locus’ bug,
scroechin* iu do troc,
We Ikh‘ii a lls’nen’ to you till we*
fired a* wo klu be.
You singln' un’ u-playin* like you hated
(oh to qqlt.
You ’pear* to ha* yon s'plclons dat you
made n now’ful hit.
Do leave* Is getttn’ yaller an’ de gra*»
|s turuln’ brown,
Aq’ de kUU be keep* n-blazin’ on do
country pn’ de town.
It’s dat ’ar conjnr cboru* dut you sing*
dat make* it so.
I ux you, Mlstuh Uhju*’, nlu’ you never
fwiue to go?
Van holler In de daytime an’ you holler
i Iu de night-
You’* got <!<’ bioon discouraged till
sbe’* slidln’ out q’ ilgbt- *
An’ Wbeu you kep’ a-alpgln’ till we’* ftll
a-fei'lln’ sad.
1 You stahts to play do Addle, an* you
ploy* if mighty bad-
I De tree t°< u l I* discouraged an* do
cricket’s kc^pin* dark,
De Hghtntn’ bug’s so warm dat he’s
effective and cleanly, but, of course.! afraid to show a spark,
can be carried cut only where sugar 1 Ml** KaD'dld's a-waltin’ If* time *he
la made on n large scale. I had a show.
While these improvement* have come I ax you, Mlstuh Locus’, ain’t you never
with the course of time, it is not to be] gwiue to go?
.SUGAR MAPLE WITH SAP BUCKETS.
Agents' Wanted
^ To Canvass for tbo
United Stales
Senator Number
MOW PUQII8HC0,
The Ian;, cootalw portrait, el Uw
NINETY ilDMUERB
two from Mcb nut. I. lb. Uaioo. Tbi,
l ollMtion wj.tnma.lrum mfi iUMiffifi
wtimz* tor to.
BOSTON BUDGET
The Picture!
12 * « inches i n sUe
men ever offered la tbe American people.
Price 00 Cents Delivered
Be Budget Company,
ISO WuMhlnftim street,
fiesfoa, Mass.
PENSIONS.
Over one Million Dollars
allowed our clients daring the last
nis years.
Over one Thousand
claims allowed through ns dur.
ing the last six months. Dis
ability, Age and In
crease pensions obtained
in tbe shortest possible time.
Widow*’ claims a specialty.
Usually granted within 90
days if placed with us immedi
ately on soldier’s death. Fees
fixed by law and payable out of
allowed pension. A successful
experience of 25 years and benefit
of daily calls at Pension Bureau
ore at your service. Highest ref
erences furnished. Locjd Magis
trates pecuniarily
benefited by sending ua
claims. '
TABER & WHITMAN CO.,
Warder Bld’tr, Washington, D. C.
Gleanings in Bee Culture
tcache* you about bee*, bow to bandit them for
b'>ney ami pront. Send for free copy. Read it.
Thru vou’ll w.int to aubscrlbe. 0 month's
trial *Sc. Don’t delay but do it to-day.
A. I. Root Go., Medina, Ohio.
PIANOS AND ORGANS
STANDARD OF THE WORLD
Foster’s Ideal
Cribs
Accident Proof
EXOAVATION WORK.
With Greatest Economy
uw tho
Western Elevating Qrader
and Ditoher,
ROAD CONSTRUCTION.
Western Wheeled Semper Ca
AunoitA, iu.
Casdfor(JaUlog.
PHOTOGRAPHERS
Throw Your Bottlw and Scale, Away
D O YOU KNOW tb*t dirty beetle* »0d sealet cause yon trouble?
Qbrtatfi tola by usiag our Davalopen, put up READY TO (J8E.
Simply empty our tubes into tbe dereloping tray and add toe water—
we don’t chargfi you far the latter, large quantities of developer
made up st one time oxydize and spoil. Vito our developers you only male
up enough for immediate use.
Send 25 cents lor half a down tubes sufficient for 24 ounces of devef-
oper for Velox, Azo, Cyto, Rotox, or other papers, or 60 ounces of Plate and
f ton Devtloper—a Developer wfitcb will not stain the fingers or nails, and
i* oon-pqjaqitqpi, We bare a Septa Toner for gaslight papers, 8 tubes, 25c.
NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICAL COMPANY
Jlth St. Wd Penn Aye., jj Wnahingtqn, P. C,