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ntttstiilk nferjfnse /Ti^dQZinp Sec'll on THOMASV1LLE, GEORGIA, FRIDAY, OCTOBER. D'WS. TO BUILD A NEW FORTUNE. NEARLY EIGHTY YEARS OLD, FORMER SENA TOR STEWART BEGINS LIFE ANEW. akea his Young Bride to Cold Camps of Nevada and Rears Comfortable Home-Still feels the Vtlne of Youth At the age of seventy-eight, after baring seen two generations rise and pass away; a former Governor of Ne vada, a mine owner of great wealth, a United States Senator for eighteen years, William M. Stewart for long known as the "Santa Claus” of the Senate, Is starting life anew amid the gold fields of Nevada. With the virility of youth this robust and hearty old-timer, says a dispatch from Itbyolite, Nov., has, with his yonng bride started In to make another Fortune has played prankes with Senator Stewart; at one time be had been one of the rich men of that mil lionaires’ club the Senate, owning one of the most magnificent private houses In Washington. In the earlier days he extracted huge fees from the law suits model dairy In Virginia which pnt the last touches on a financial ruin that was begun when he tried to force a real estate boom In the direction Of "Stewart’s Palace,” the gorgeous structures he had put up when ho one of the wealthiest men there. Back Among the Boys. The new Nevada home Is a on# story abode, ornamented with red and white stone. It has ten rooms, the bathroom daxsels with tiles and trrnp- plnngs and has a genuine shower bath. “I want to make It as comfortable as I can for my wife nd daughter,” said the old Senator, ‘They’re not used to roughing It as I am.” wide veranda stretches around the entire house, and the pounds aro being graded, fenced and sodded. There Is a pretty stable and a quaint little chicken house. The Sen ator has purchased two hundred fowls and In his stable. Instead or thorough bred horses he 1ms a large, sleek pair of mutes, which be considers more appropriate to the country. Of Another Generation. CUM A’. B IN MANCHURIA. of western mines; at another time he has been down on his uppers; again he has been engaged In n big dairying pro ject In Virginia; at other times ho lias dabbled again In Western mines and .has run an Ejistern mule fann. Retiring from the Henate last spring, he was ngaln once more a poor man, nnd with his advanced years It was presumed by the unknownlng ones he would sink Into obscurity but llko some others, "Hill Stewart hns never known when he was down and out, and bo Immediately started forth a- gain In the battle of life with the purpose to again rebuild his fortunes. The chances are more than even that he will although he la nearly four score years. The Senator expects to reap a pro fitable harvest from the various legal matters arising out of the vast new gold fields which have been discovered In Nevada. He is an expert on min- ntng Jaw nnd has at least the preced ent established of having received In former years a fortune as a single fee. Not Crushed by Failure. Whatever may bo said abont the Senator politically, bis bitterest enemies will not deny that the physi cal muke-up of tbe man la marvelous to tbe last degree and that his courage Is splendid, lie Is of the type that yearn younger than ho Is, and combin ing a honeymoon with the first serious battle In life. The mules please him as much ns If he had never ridden be hind the handsomest teams nnd In the most luxurlouscarrlages In the capital, 'the bouse, pretty as It is, compares to his Washington palace about as a penny compares to a (20 dollar gold piece, and yet he Is Immensely pleased with lb When you see him laughing, bolster- ous and boyish, taking the keenest pleasure in all his poor possessions, and seemingly never giving a thought to those he bad lost In his old age, you bare to rub your eyes and say to yourself: “Can this really be Senator William M. Stewart who has had the world at bis feet time and again, the man who, ns leading counsel for tbe Fair-Flood- Mar kay syndicate on the famous Com stock Lode, received In one fee $250,000, then the largest sum ever received by any lawyer In tbe world In a single fee; tbe man who was In bis prime when President Lincoln was assassinated, and who la the only liv ing person that saw the oath adminis tered to Andrew Johnson In tbe Kirk wood House; tbe man who will al ways be remembered In New York cafes as “the gayest old Santa Claus that ever liked;’* the man whose VIEW OP RHYOLITE, NEVADA, SENATOR STEWART'S NEW HOMa. cannot conceive defeat but goes on fighting. •This air makes me feel like a four- year-old,” he said aa he landed In Nevada with bis daughter and bis newly-married young wife. ’There’s no place like Nevada. I tell you and I figure that I’ll be doing a big law business here before long. Better to wear out than to rust out you know.” The Senator’s new house was built from what be bad saved oat of hi* political career has bad more crooks and turns than a Boston street; tbe man who controlled the state of Ne vada absolutely; the man wbo has not even great piety or overscrupu- kms Integrity to cheer him In misfor tune and enable him to look back over a pathway of good deeds and noble endeavors—can it be that this happy, vigorous, hopeful septuagam nnrifin j* actually Senator Stewart! It Plays a Prominent Part In the Fortunes of War. The climate of Manchuria plays on Important role In the war between Russia and Japan. Up to the present we have bad but little precise Informa tion upon this point M. J. Boss has lately given the Scientific American in dications as to the climate of that re gion and tbe character of the different seasons, lie states that In the months of March and April there arc strong southwest winds which bring with them heat and moisture. At the end of March the winter season ends. The undersoil Is still frozen at this time, but the ground can be worked for agri culture. April appears to be tbo only month of spring. At the end of this month the sowing of wheat commences. Summer begins In May. and at the end of June or the beginning of July the wheat la cut Up to the end of June rain Is rare and tbe sky la generally clear, while cloudy weather Is nn ex ception. The heat reaches n maximum at the end of July nnd first part of August Afterwnrd come heavy rains or storms. It often rains for several days and nights without stopping. The soli is completely saturated and Inun dations are frequent September Is the harvest month, while October gives some of the finest weather of the year. At this time the climate Is agreeable during the day nnd the sky is clear, with bracing air, while vegetation Is at Its height At the end of the momn the first night frosts be gin to appear, and In November the cold weather commences aud keeps up until March. At Mukden the temper ature sometimes reaches a very low de gree. During the day, however, the cold Is not excessive, and sometimes in the middle of tbe winter the sun’s rays become very wurm, on account of the southerly position of that locality. The maximum temperature of summer is 100.4 deg. F. About ten months of tbe year are dry for the most part, and the excessive wet season only occurs dur ing a month or so. At Nluchwnng, on the north shore of the gulf of Liao tung, the mean winter temperature la lO.deg. F., and the mean fo the sum mer, 74.8 deg. The moan annual tem perature Is 47.1 deg. F. Tbe Itusslnn maritime provinces have a very low mean annual temperature. At Vladlv- ostock the average for the winter Is 10.2 deg. F„ and for the summer It Is only 30.0 deg h. THE RIGHTS OF MAN. They Should Include an Opportunity to Make a Home on a Piece of Land. The right to work, to employ one’s self, comes from Nature, and not from legislative action. If that Is true, says the Detroit News Tribune, It fol lows that legislatures have no right u make regulations which will permit •he cornering of opportunities for sclf- cmploymenL The United States laws governing our national domain of land were originally designed to conform to tbe fights of man. Our homestead acts were designed to place the land In the bands of those who would actually use It productively, and much of the land was so parcelled out to the great advantage of aocicty. But cun ning lawyera and unscrupulous men wbo want to reap where they have not sown, who seek to avoid productive la bor themselves by controlling tbe op portunities of self-employment, have succeeded In cornering large sec tions of tho United States, Tbe revelations of tbe land frauds In the West are worthy of great at tention, but they excite less Inter est than do our troubles with President Castro of Yenexuela. Tbe astonishing fact la learned that one man has acquired nearly £3,000 square miles of public land. He does not want to use It himself, and his only object Is to make others pay him for the privi lege of using <t He therefore makes It more difficult for men to employ themselves, and tbe rights of man are to that extent denied. POLITICAL MACHINERY. WAS NEVER SO PERFECT, FAR. .REACHING AND EFFECTIVE AS TO-DAY. At the Same Time the Voter Has Never Been So Independent—Edu cational Campaigns a Feature of Practical Politics. J. J. Dickinson. Only one aphorism Is known to hare been publicly uttered and reiterated by the late Orville II. I’latt. a Senator In Congress from Connecticut for a quar ter of n century and one of the really great statesmen of our time and coun try. It was this: “Ours Is a government of parties by parties for the people." It was by this rulo that the fine old Yankee squared bis vote at the polls and In tbe Senate. It guided his thought and action. It accounted for his partisanship, which, though never Offensive, wns always rubusL Insensibly the American people hnvo adopted the I’lutt aphorism. Party or- 20th Centtaty Empire BaUdlng. Great a* to tbo power of war In the bnlldlng of an empire—and the Jap- aneoe-Rusiton war will probably make a great nation- of Japan—there la an even greatei force at work In the world that will In tho end decide the fates of peoples. This to the power of one nation to absorb the Individuals rather than to wipe out or swullow another government The Twentieth Century will probably witness the greatest centralization of peoples under vast empires, that the world haa seen since the days of Roman greatness. When tho cen tury ends, tho outlook Is that there will be a half dozen first nations, created by assimilation Instead of war. Japan will be one, with Its Influence felt throughout Eastern Asia, Russia will, of course, advance, Germany will "robably have absorbed Austria. Tbe Latin races of Southern Europe may have combined for self-protecilon. England will go on empire building, and the United States will have spread over tbe continent, am> maybe two continents, besides having ab sorbed vast numbers of peoples from all countries of the earth. HON. GEORGE B. CORTELYOU, Chairman Republican National Committe*. gnnlzntlon wns never so strong nnd carefully nurtured as at present; party discipline wus never so rigid; party leadership was never so placidly recog nized and Implicitly obeyed by party workers. The change has come about in comparatively recent years. In fact, the present generation of voters have witnessed Its coming. Sumucl J. Tlldcn showed the wny. As a result of his teaching, not party principle, but party organization, won for the Demo cratic party sweeping victories in Re publican strongholds and was started fairly on the road to a long lease of nntional control. Then nppenred tho Into Marcus A. Ilanna from Ids business cloister and gnve lmpulso within his party to a movement similar to that which, under tbe tutelage of Tlldcn, had brought surprising victories to the Democrats. The spirit of organization which now animates both of- tho great parties is not Indolent or lukewarm between campaigns. In an Important sense. It Is as active now as it was when tho lines of battle were drawn after the national conventions of last summer had done their work. Tho difference between them Is mndo conspicuous by reason Of the fact tbnt the Republican party is In power nnd Its central or ganization—the National Committee— Is necessarily more In evidence than Its counterpart In the opposition orgonlza- "J the President’s request, he could direct the militant forces of Republicanism In the Inst campaign, has not been able to even nominally surrender the reins of party management, although the vast responsibilities of the Postmaster* Generalship devolved upon him at tho beginning of this year. It was under tho Hanna regime that permanent headquarters of the Repub lican National Committee were estab lished in Washington. Mr. Hanna set the fashion of the chairman of the Na tional Committee settling quarrels be tween warring factions, quarrels that threatened so to disrupt the party be tween campaigns as to seriously darken its prospects In intervening State, Con gressional and city elections. The Democratic National Commit tee’s headquarters are nominally In the ofllces of Chairman T. T. Taggart, in Indianapolis, though much of the work of that organization Is still done In New York by August Belmont and Wm. F. Sheehan, the leading members of tho Executive Committee In the last cam paign. As the Democrats have no Fed eral patronage to dispense, the work that falls to Messrs. Taggart, Belmont and Sheehan Is of a purely advisory and supervisory character. It goes without saying, of course, that the Hon. William J. Bryan has very great influ ence in the decisions as to policies, even though he la clothed with no oin- clol authority. The organizations next In Importance to the National Committee are the State Committees. In each of the forty- 11 ve States both of the old parties main tain central committees, whose func tions within tlielr respective jurisdic tions are similar to those of the Na tional Committees. The Congressional National Commit tee stands next In the line of our mili tant political system. These commit tees are of comparatively recent origin, aud are a logical development of our party government system. Each party in Congress selects Its own committee in caucus In Washington usually just before ike expiration of the Congress then In session. Each committee In turn selects its officers, who, as a rule, are members of the nouse. Both of t .eso committees have i>ermanent head quarters in Washington, from which are conducted those fierce biennial struggles for control of the House of Representatives. Attached to each committee is a corps of salaried assist ant secretaries, stenographers, etc. City, ward, county aud precinct com mittees, State legislative and senatorial committees,Congressional committees in each district of the States, judicial dis trict committees, not to mention the myriad host of political cluba of mush room growth and others of stable life and permanent habitations, complete a lino of political organizations that ramify every avenue of our activities and are in the woof and web of our na tional life. Nearly every candidate for President keeps always In his employ—rarely, of course, avowedly—a well-organized ma chine, usually headed by one or more alert and enterprising press agents and seconded by practical politicians rang ing In the social scale from the highly respectable corporation president to the much-abused ward worker. These pri vate machines are grinding from the close of one Presidential campaign to tbe opeulng of the next In tC word, so numerous ore the political organiza tions, so varied are their methods, so unceasing are tbelr activities tbnt the American voter finds it virtually impos sible to escape surveillance. With all this mnrvclous perfection of political machinery, however, it is worthy of note that at no time in tbe recent history of the United Staes has tbo American voter shown more Inde pendence of thought In fact this is one of the reasons for tho tmceaslng labor and vigilance of party leaders. To test public opinion, to follow popu lar sentiment in the making of plat forms and tbe nomination of candidates is one of the Important functions of or ganization. Tho American voter Is In telligent, alert and Independent The party machinery of to-day is not cre ated for the purpose of driving men, like sheep, to the polls or In the ex- icctatlon of hoodwinking tbo voters. It exists for the purpose of crystalliz ing and making effective a particular political creed. It can do nothing more than this. ANCIENT AND MODERN JEW. Peculiar Customs In Blowing the Rams on Jewish New Years. The customs of different religion! bodies have undergone many changes Since their Inauguration, and these changes are as marked among the Jews as they are other religious ^bodies A few ancient customs, however,, are still followed out, as they were In the days of Moses, by the strictly ortho dox Jews, especially In certain parts of Europe, and among those orthodox Jews who, owing to persecution at home, have come to America to make this land their future home, where With His Pavorite Punch. From the Washington Post. Colonel Watte raon said he weald lifer the political arena again in the fall, bat declined to tell jast how, soya tbe New York San. IPs a safe wager that he will enter It as usual, prodding the elephant THOMAS TAGGART, Chairman Democratic Natl >nal Committee. tlon—the Democratic National Commit tee. These central bodies of tbe two great parties have lines of subsidiary organizations reaching down through the States, cities, Congressional dis tricts aud counties to tho voting pre cincts. Between campaigns, tho National Committees are neither idle nor an- watchful. The permanent headquarters of the Republican National Committee are in Washington, and are under the immediate supervision of Elmer Dover, the committee’s secretary, and former ly 8enat' r Hanna’s private and confi dential : xretary. The committee’s headquar era occupy rooms in one of tbe fine! : office buildings In the Na tional Capital Tbe Hon. George B. Cortelyou, who vacated a seat at Presi dent Roosevelt’s Cabinet board to suc ceed Mr. Hanna aa chairman of the National Committee in order that, at ANCIENT MANNER OP BLOWING THE RAM’S HORN., they may enjoy religious liberty. On September 30 Is the Jewish New Year, this year Number 5GGG, one of the most sacred holidays to the Jew, when nil petty quarrels are forgotten, aud every man is at peace with bis neighbor. Tho Jewish New Year Is observed In accordance with the Injunction: ’’And in the seventh month on the first day of the month shall ye have a holy convocation; no servile work shall ye do; a day of blowing tho cor net shall It bo unto you.”—lumbers xlx.l. But It Is observed quite differently by tho orthodox and the reform Jews. Tho cornet mentioned in the blble Is made from a nun's horn, and Is known as the ’’shofar,” and Is used In all Jewish synagogues on this New Year’s day. a MODERN JEW BLOWING THE RAM’S HORN. In the strictly orthodox church the man wbo has the duty of blowing the shofar must be an exceedingly strict Jew. He must not have shaved his beard; Indeed tho ancient Jew never shaved. He must not have committed any offence which would bar him from this sacred office. When he Is ready to blow the shofar he dons the “tal- llth,” a silken cloth, and takes his stand a the altar, beside the rabbi, and at certain places In the service blows the solemn sounds. Every reader of this paper should have this book. Cut off the coupon and mail to us with $1.50. Illustrated by Ernest Haskell The Eugene P. Lyle, Jr. Published August ist Missourian The romantic advootures of John Dinwiddle Driscoll (nicknamed “The Storm Centra at tba Court of Maximilian In Meslco, where his secret mission con with that of the beautiful Jacqueline. The beat romantic America! cant year*. *Hat uhat to fete of it* dost poetess, the elements of rMtftftm bp infinite pains of detail, verisimilitude, suggestion." —84. Lou la Republic. "A remarkable first book, of epic breadth, carried through ns* noervingly. A brilliant story."—N. Y. Time* Saturday Rat "Thera is no more dramatic period in history, and I story boars every evidence of cartful and painstaking study. 1 ’-N.Y. Globa DOUBLEDAY, PAGE & CO. IJ3-XJ7 East i«tk SL, Hew York.