About Weekly times enterprise and South Georgia progress. (Thomasville, Ga.) 1905-???? | View Entire Issue (Nov. 3, 1905)
MAGAZINE SECTION. THOMASYILDE, GEORGIA, FRIDAY,- NOVEMBER-3, 1905. PAGES 1 TO 4. k PRESIDENT’S CABINET. SOME SECRETARIES HAVE AT. TAKER GREATER TAME THAN THEIR CHIEF. While Appointments Are Political, the Cabinet la Usually the Presi dent's Closest Adviser, James S. Henry. According to the old saw "it takes nine tailors to make a man,” so In the Government ot the United States It takes nine Cabinet officers to, make an administration. Primarily Ameri can cabinet officers are selected to be come the beads of the nine great ex ecutive departments of the Govern ment As one star differeth from an other star In glory so one cabinet offi cer differs from another In opportun ity. ability and the power to make a lasting Impression upon the history of the country.- These nine heads of de partments are chosen by the Presi dent and although the approval of the Senate of the United States Is required to make their appointment legal and constitutional, the preference of the Executive Is Invariably respected and the nine Cabinet officers represent his personal choice, so far as politics leaves him a free agent To be a member of the President’s Cabinet has filled the ambition of many statesmen. It is a place only one re move from that to which all native born citizens of the United States have a right to aspire—the Presidency It self. If there have been disappoint ments and unrealised ambitions on the part ot the great men who have been President the world has not heard of them. The disappointments, the dis couragements, the disillusionment, the restrictions that have been experienced by statesmen who had hoped to achieve glory and fame as Cabinet offi cers can be read In the national rec ords from the foundation of the Gov ernment to the present time. Fail ure to accomplish great plans and to reallzV hopes of a lasting place In his tory has sent many Cabinet officers dent McKinley and* President Roose velt, seems yet a living actual per sonallty In the affairs of the world. If no other monument had been establish ed by his long publlo service, the "open door” policy for which he obtained reo- ognltlon In the Far East would i his statesmanship for all time. With his colleague, EUhu Root, who is now his successor, he shared the glory of the late President McKinley's admin istration In which both men were su perlative Influences. Sherman's Earlier Fame, Going back a little further we find the late John Sherman standing as the monument of sound finance and marking the otherwise colorless Hayes administration from 1877 to 1881 as an epoch in the financial history of the country. In the days of the Civil War, Stanton, at the head of the War De partment, earned the name of being the greatest Secretary of War the United States ever had and was the mainstay of the Immortal Lincoln In the latter's heartbreaking experiences with traitors, politicians and self-seek ing army oncers. The 130 years of national life of the United States fur nished many brilliant examples of what a Cabinet oncer can accomplish id the Influential part he can play In e achievements of an administration. It depends largely upon the Presi dent of the United States to what ex tent a Cabinet oncer may achieve prominence In national affairs. Dur ing the last generation most of the Presidents of the United States have been men of Iron will and command ing personality. Most of them, how ever, have depended upon members of their Cabinet for expert advice on great national and International Issues. In the administration of Grant, Cleve land, Harrison, McKinley and Roose- velt certain of their ministers were pre-eminent In the direction of affairs of state and domestlo policies. These Presidents were and are strong men, but ever ready to listen to the advice and appreciate the statemanshlp of the strong men they had chosen for their Cabinet Different Treatment of Cabinets. Each President has had his own conception of the functions of a Cab- IEPERS K AMERICA. Three Hundred of Them in. Twenty ■ x States and Territories, "Unclean, unclean.” This Is a cry which has struck terror to the hearts of many people who have Journeyed through the Orient and our Asiatic and Pacific possessions, but It has probably never ocurred to them, that In the United States proper there are nearly 800 lepers. These are scatter ed over 20 states and territories, but the states of Louisiana, California, Florida, Minnesota and North Dakota MILAM'S DIAMOHDS. HISTORY OF THE NECKLACE. ITS MANUFACTURE AFFORDS much employment. Copyright 1804, Clinedlnat. Wash. D.C. PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND HIS CABINET 1804. / Taft, Wilson, Hay. Morton. Hitchcock, Moody. Wynne, Metcalf, Shaw. embittered and disappointed back Into private life. May Not be Personal Friends. While the President of the United States is entitled to choose the nine gentlemen who shall alt about hla council table sis hla Cabinet advisors, the political system In effect In the United States often robs this selection of Its personal character. A newly elected President-may know of nine men In hla circle of business, social and political acquaintances whom he would like to have around him as counsellors and whom he believes would make ef ficient heads ot departments In the administration of Government laws and business. The exigencies ot poli tics, however, usually compel him to choose his Cabinet officers from differ ent sections of the country and in ac knowledgement of certain potent Influ ences, sometimes commercial, some times economic, sometimes religious, and often purely political that helped make his election sure. The Chief Executive before deciding upon the composition of hla Cabinet Inquires carefully Into the qualifications, ability and character of the men whom be will Invite to sit at his council table, but It often happens that the first time he has come In personal contact with his future advisor Is when he meets him to extend the Invitation to him to en- ter the Cabinet In the economy of Government and In the social life at the nation's Cap ital, an American Cabinet officer oc cupies a commanding position, but In the accomplishment of great deeds of statesmanship and as a power in fash ioning the policies of the nation, the Cabinet minister’s own personality, his ability and genius can alone make success. There are conspicuous ex amples In the history of the United States where Caklaet ministers have dominated the Executive aad carved their names higher on the pillar of fame than the Presidents with whom they served. The Impress made on national affairs by such men as Daniel Webster, John C. Calhoun and James G. Blaine, as ministers of state, is greater than that ot many Presidents of the United States. It Is not neces sary to refer to musty history for ex amples of Cabinet ministers wEo have won International fame. The late John Hay, Secretary of State under Frost- inet officer. Each one has adopted bis own method of Cabinet consulta tion. President Roosevelt might be said to have a Cabinet of specialists. He has selected men whom he believed peculiarly fitted to administer the af fairs of the different departments. At the bi-weekly Cabinet meetings, which are held when the President Is In his executive office In Washington, each Cabinet officer presents a short re sume of the condition of his depart ment If there Is any matter that has arisen under his Jurisdiction that la of a widespread, general character It Is reserved for discussion by himself and the President, and perhaps one or two other members of the Cabinet main after the formal meeting. Great questions of national and International policy are not matters of general dis cussion In Mr. Roosevelt's Cabinet They are taken up and debated by the President and those Cabinet officers whom he believes are specially quali fied to give expert opinion upon them. The late President McKinley had an entirely different method and the meetings of hla Cabinet were actual state councils. Every matter affecting the nation at large or bearing upon our International relations was brought up at these meetings and each one * President’s advisors was reque submit his opinion. The Secretary/of Agriculture was asked for bis views on the advance on Pekin, while the opinion of the Secretary of State on the type of battleships to be adopted by the Navy was welcomed. Mr. Mc Kinley believed In this way that be se cured the best results and It also gave bis cabinet officers an opportunity to exhibit whatever of talent or genius of statesmanship they possessed. To Remove a Tight Ring. A very simple way of removing a ry tight ring from the finger Is to take a piece of snail cord or wrapping thread and push one end of it under the ring. Then, .taking hold of the other end of the string, begin winding around the finger from close up against Raw Diamonds as Dug Are Com paratively Cheap-Great Coat Comes ~rom t‘ ----- - - Tiling. One morning last spring there ap peared in the London papers graphic descriptions of the arrival at South ampton of the "Cullinan,” the 3,032 carat (2S os.) diamond found In the Premier mine, Johannesburg, In Jan uary. Details of the appearance of the two agents from South Africa, the black bag carried by the older and said to contain the biggest diamond In the world, the crowd at the 01. ;ks, the detectives sent from Scotland Yard, filled a column. As a matter "of fact, the Cullinan made the trip from Johannesburg to London In an'ordln- ture of oil and diamond dust rubbed Into the edge. The saw rotates at a tremendous speed, being turned by a leather belt running from an engine. An expert cleaver, If paid so much per diamond jut could make from $60 to 880, and as one cleaver furnishes work for SO or 60 shapers, would quickly work himself out of a job. Consequently, he prefers to go slowly and receive a monthly wage .of $120. The shapers or "bruteurs” outline the form In which the diamond will ultimately appear. In this operation, the “brutenr” takes two stones of sim ilar'size and hardness, fits each into a metal cap, sets one In a mad that resembles a carpenter's lathe, and as It revolves the second stone Is pressed against It The dust caused by the friction Is caught In a tiny box. Before the Invention of this machine, the "bruteur” held the diamonds be tween the thumb and forefinger of each hand and rested the little fingers on the sides of the tank, which Is made of brass. In time the constant pressure on the brass wore the sides of the box Into grooves, while the SENATOR CRANE OT MASSACHUSETTS. have all but about 60. Ovor 155 cases arc In Louisiana alone; a number of these, however, are among people who have come from Southern Europe. In something like 100 cases the disease was contracted In this country. For Federal Supervision. Senator W. M. Crane, who succeed ed the late Senator Hoar, at the last session of Congress Introduced a bill providing for government supervision. It was passed by the Senate, but when It,came up for consideration at the hands of the Representatives, Delegate Rodey/cof New Mexico, smarting under the sting left by the failure of his statehood plans, charged that the provision In this bill which planned to locate a leper colony on some abandoned military reservation was. In fact, a plan to foist the "unclean” upon New Mexico, as-there are several abandoned reservations In that territory. The bill failed to pass the . House. It Is believed that Senator Crane pro poses to again introduce this bill ear ly In the next session. It will be In troduced In a somewhat different man ner from the old one. It will provide for a "Lepers Home” instead of "Leprosarium”, as this latter term conveyed the impression that the dis ease was more prevalent In the Unit ed States than It really Is. To Search For Cure. Leprosy was regarded by the Israel ites as Incurable. In fact the records of ancient times show the great fear In which It has always been held. Medical science has learned little or nothing regarding leprosy. One of the strongest arguments for'the care of the “unclean” la, that such an Insti tution would make possible a careful study of the disease and, perhaps. In time result In the - discovery of a cure. There da a government Institu tion for the care of lepers in Hawaii, the ring to the very tip of the finger. Then, to remove the ring, take bold of-the end of the cord that was slipped under the ring and unwind the cord. As the unwinding progresses the ring will be carried along with it and re moved without difficulty. . -LEPER AT WALLS OT JERUSALEM crated from bis family by forcll means. Fathers and mothers are tak en from their children, a child from Its parents, a friend from friend—and all this at a time when,the afflicted Is to all intents and purposes perfect ly welL Government officials state, however, that is not* the Idea In the establishment of this new Institution under the Crane bill, To take any leper from bis family by forcible means. The plan will be merely to isolate all gems and Maximil Wan diamonds. Exhibited by Maurice Bower of New York. ary. Inconspicuous package through the registered mall, postage two shill ings. It Is not Impossible that the Southampton romance was conceived and paid for at advertising rates by the owners or underwriters to divert attention, for the diamond was valued at four million and Insured for two and a half million dollars. Two more large diamonds have since been found In the same mine, one weighing 834 carats and the other 400 carats. One wonders who can afford to buy these stones. It will cost enor mously to put them on the market. Most diamonds are sold outright by the miner to the cotter, and one of the biggest South African diamond kings has said that the margin of profit up on which the entire diamond Industry Is carried on Is but little larger than the percentage of gain In any other line of business. The Jewellers of Paris claim that In proportion as the value of the ’ dia monds In a necklace decreases, so does the cost of setting increase. A dia mond necklace that sells for $14,000 has cost the Jeweller $600 In mount ing, while one that sells for $200,000 will require ah expenditure of only $300 In the mounting. From the $100,700 remaining In the latter case, still further deduction must be made for the expense of preparing the stones. The figures obtained on a $200,000 necklace In a Paris shop Indi cated that the diamonds composing It were valued at much less than $80,000 when rough. The woman who buys such an ornament contributes more to the actnal prosperity of the working class than many of the so-called social reformers who rave at her ex travagance. How Diamonds are Cot. So far, Europe has been the center the diamond-cutting Industry. In Amsterdam there are more than 15,000 cutters, in. Antwefp 3,000, in the Jura Mountain district 600, In Paris 200 and In London only 150. They are divided Into three classes, cleavers, shapers and polishers. The cleaver examines the rough diamond, and If he finds a flaw cuts It Into as many perfect gems as the grain of the car- ion will permit For this purpose the rough stone is set in a mold to which It Is securely attached with aluminum, and then applied to the cutting tool— a circular saw about 5 Inches in dlanl^ eter, made of soft copper, with • mix- continued effort of rubbing the dia monds against each other brought on a nervous Jerking of the forearms, and the strained attitude of the head, always bent forward to watch the shaping of the gems, caused great swellings at the back of the neck. Usually the "bruteur” spends three days on the shaping of a stone and makes frpm $2.40 to $3.00 a day. The polisher who makes the facets, r a machine which carries a metal placed horizontally and revolving ot the rate of 2300 revolutions por minute. The disc Is of steel with a reparation of diamond dust and purl ed olive oil rubbed Into the surface, ly means of a copper holder and a metal fork which form part of the apparatus, the diamond Is held against the revolving disc, and as sometimes a stoae less than an eighth of an Inch In diameter has 100 facets, great nice ty on the part of the workman Is re quired, and the position of the dia mond Is changed more than 100 times before the requisite lustre and finish are secured. The polisher works al ways with a magnifying glass, and makes from $3.00 to $4.00 a day. ThreeHundredDlamondsIn Necklace In the $200,000 necklace mentioned there were 800 diamonds. Allowing three days' brutage (rough shaping), and three months’ polishing 'on each, the sum expended for these two Items alone amounts to $110,700. After the stones arrived at the Jew eller’s, they had, of course, to be mounted. To this end the big shops of Paris employ a staff of designers, goldsmiths, silversmiths, setters and polishers. Usually, the designers are men who have come Into the shop In a less important capacity, shown talent, been sent by the firm to an art school and put through a course of Instruc tion. According to his ability, a de signer earns from $60 to $160 a month. He may. work for months without pro ducing a single sketch that goes to the studios, then In a week he will turn out two or three that meet the diffi cult taste of the employer. Designs are done In water colors. In Parts, the real Jeweller is not the owner of the shop, but the craftsman who fashions the gold or platinum In to the skeleton that holds the precious stonea In America he Is called a gold or silversmith. Each separate clasp or gem-holder, goes first to the polisher. Then to a Jeweller who assembles, or Joins together, the entire frame for the necklace, tiara, or whatever the design may rail for, and again to the polisher. Tho setter, as his name Indicates, fastens or sets the diamonds Into tho framework, and sends It on a last visit) to the polisher. ' Polishers are Women. The polishers are usually women. As a rule they work In groups of five or six under a patroness, who keeps a little apartment In a narrow street of Montmartre, Galllon, Mall, or some other cheap and -crowded quarter of Paris. With good luck the patroness makes from $1,000 to $1,200 a year. The polishers am taken as apprentices at 14 years of age. At 16 they may get forty to sixty cents a day, and at 18 a dollar to a dollar twenty. The labor of all these craftsmen on the necklace In mind amounted to about $300, wjilch added to $110,700 for preparing the diamonds, and deducted from the selling price of $200,000 left only $80,000 to cover cost of rough stonea Incidental expense of handling, etc., could not have left any phenomenal profit for the mine owner who dug and delivered them to the cutter. 8nch a necklace Is said to furnish work enough to support 400 families for a year. Of course, this does not take Into consideration the workers in the mines, nor the heavy staff of clerks and officials necessary to carry on the big diamond producing • fields The business of finishing thi raw diamond for the final purclinsei -ffffers the best paid labor to be found In Europe. Owing to the duty on cut is brought Into this country, Amer- i dealers are building up a similar Industry In the United States and It Is rational to suppose that the crafts men employed In this country will receive even still higher wages tb«^ those paid abroad. Bare Several Urea. .."At this height," said the guide, a they paused on tho mountain side t 8* “down the valley, far below, "pe< pie with weak lungs often die.” "Wonderful country, wonderful cli mate,” murmured the visitor. pwK ttatr Mld tte gnIlIe ' ' n *- "Why I suppose <Jf course you have for W &°^ r fe.“ em t0 * Pln Every reader of this paper should have this book. Cutoff the coupon and mail to us with $1.50. Eu&ne P. Lyle, Jr. Published August 1st The Missourian The romantic adveatans of John Dinwiddle Driscoll (nicknamed “Tho Storm Centro nttbo Coart of Maximilian In Mexico, where hlaeecret million comes Into conflict . with that of tho boautlftil Jacqueline. The bestromantla American novel ot re- / —St. Louis Eepablie. /AjWj *A rtmashahlsfiesl book of epic breadth, carried through «n- seeintnoty. J. brUUantetorv.''-N. Y. TimesSattmlar Rertow. “Tien U no store dramatic period in history, and the story hem every evidence of osnfsX and fsinstsUng stndy.--K.-T. Globa. DOUBLEDAY, PAGE fib- CO. *33-137 East ifith St, New York.
