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VOL. 95, NO. 231
Auociated Press Service, United Press Dispatches.
ATHENS, GA„ WEDfffiSDAY, JANUARY 11, 1928.
A, B. C. Paper. ttads Copies 2 Cents. 5 Cents Sunder.
GOVERNOR AL SMITH REFUSES CLEMENCY PLEA
WASHINGTON—(UP)—Secretary of the Navy
Wilbur revealed Wednesday that the $800,000,000
building program he recommended to congress was w .
drafted as a five year program for immediate needs nil from certain men and sell it Jinn may Je With
SSL ;.r.Zd«lae nnlv n ntnrtpr . Hi. hack to them tor twenty cents n j .;oI<LnP andA VJ
fflwwmoiirgnsEi
{800,000,000 FOR Old
8
ROCKEFELLER MAY
BE PUT ON STAND
IN OIL SCANDAL BY
SENATE PROBERS
WASHINGTON.—(UP)—Senate
Teapot Dome Investigators be
lieved Wednesday that they were
about to raveal another sensation
al chapter In the' oil scandal cases.
They hoped to queatlon John D.
Rockefeller. Jr., George E. Vin
cent, head of the Rockefeller
Foundation, and others In an at
tempt to leans who received ,2,.
849,509 '
LOS ANGELES. Cal.— (UP) —
„ missing profits ot the while detectives Bought to add a
Continental Trading Company, the I . • . .,
short-lived corporation organized ■ t il,r d T jr, , , , . rder l -r rec '
la Canada by Harry F. Sinclair j °' d -^VUUain Edward Hickman re-
with an unexplained moUve. malned defiant la his celt 1\.d.
Senator Norris, Investigator of the ne *Kjay.^
new senate Inquiry, charged the! Already , charged with th»* mur-
tradfng .company was organised of 12’year 0I4 Marian Parker
for only one transaction—to buj and Ivy Thoms, a druggist. Hick-
of the navy and is regarded as only a starter.- He
advocated a twenty year program of building and re-
ilaccment as necessary for national defense and pro-
ection of foreign commerce
The rounded out
twenty-year,
mpam, he suggested to the
cose naval affairs committee,
naU provide forty-three 10,000
on cruisers as well as additional
nhnarines and destroyers. The
300,000,000 program, which ha
ned Wednesday, included tsven-
y.fiva cruisers, thirty-two subma
im, nine destroyers readers and
tee aircraft carriers. ■
The forty-three cruisers would
nelude the twenty-five provided
n the five year program.
Wilbttr emphasized tho five
vtr program means no "competi-
i« building,- an.f Is not proposed
buSding programs* of* oth- the grocery atora ln which OUon
t nations. He explained, howev- : inal! Is a dark.
VICTIM TO FLOOR
WITH ICE PICK
JERSEY CITY. N. J.—(UP)—A
hold-up man nailed John O'Don.
net?. 22. to (he floor with an ice
pick Wedpesday while he rifled
r, that It would bring the .navy
fell within the gxjuafltjr ratio .'fix
'd by the Washington armament
csfcrcr.Cc S5'- csspsrsd with
irwt Britain and “slightly above
hi 5*8 ratio with Japan unless
he Increases her /regram.”
“The Insistence or Great Brit-
In at the recent Geneva confer-
nco upon her absolute n ed for
i large tonnage of cruisers, re-
jardless of the naval program of
>ther powers,” he said, “is mo-t
rnuaslxs evidence that we also
live definite needs for cruiser
onnage, regardless of the pro-
rani of other powers, U w? ar?
o havt a well-rounded fleet for
nr defense, and also that such a
irograra is for us in no sense com*
►etitivc. ' . ,
“America needs a first class
iivr
“The building program present-
d by the Navy department, is bas-
d on our needs in th • same sense
bat tbe police force of any city
i baaed upon it* estimate of needs
or the protection of the public.”
Wilbur submitted a statement
T the navy u*eneral board as to
echnical question ij-voived, which
HU be explained in detail later
fh*n members of the board,
Th*» robber-took $25 from the
cash resistor.
He hit O’Donnell over the head
with lb* butt of h!s revolver, Aa
the youth • sprawled on the floor,
the robber pinned down one band
wftlf ft sixty,pound case of canned
pineapples and drove the Ice
pick through the palm of the other
pinning him to tho floor.
WASHINGTON TO
NICARAGUA IS
FLIGHT PLAN
WASHINGTON.—(UP)—Major
L. B. Bournb «SS two Unlt.d Stat-
barrell more.
“LINDY” ACCEPTS
INVITATION FOR
. PORTO RICAN
>. VISIT SOON
SAN JUAN, Porto Rico —(AP)
—Governor Tomer Wednesday
received a message from Colone.
Charles Lindbergh, In Panama,
accepting with pleasure an invita
tion to visit Porto Rica.
The messago said ho would ad.
vlso the governor of tho date ot
hla arrival later.
AMERICAN’S GUEST
BALBOA, Canal Zone—(AP)—
Colonel Lind>*:ergh Wednesday be-;
camo tho guest of the 27,000 Am
ericans in the Canal Pone, visiting
the oily of Beltuw after his s's,
at Panama City, where ho landed
Monday from San Jose, Cota Rica.
FUST FEW TERRS
WASHINGTON —(AP)-- Sum
marizing the much discusacd
weather for 1927, the weather bu
reau concluded Wcdnaaday that
ea Marino comnnnpne will flv a for tho country at large It was
trl.motored Fbkker monoplane “warmer and wetter than normal
from Quantlco. Virginia, to Pol. land that the growing, «cason, vp-
ling Wold hero Wodneeday and resented by tho period between
taVi* off earlv Thuraday on a ono killing frost in spring and tho
atop flight to Nicaragua. flrat ft tho fall was longer than In
The Plane will be used for an average year. ’ .
transport by Marine, fighting Nic. Calling attention to reports
nraenan rebels. that last year was to be fraught
It was origlnaly planned to By with menaces to the people of tho
from Quantlco direct to Nicaragua yror'd. 'of dc-
FADES RAPIDLY WED.
drugstore proprietor,* detectives
nali. ■ ' * J . .',-t *
The youthful bandit’s uamo was
mentioned in'connection with the
Miles murder at the trial of Har
vey Leaher, Phil Roban and Mike
Ganrev. diarnd with tho crime.
Roberta Scrlver, a witness, tes
tified (ho bandit who killed Miles
“resembled Hickman nioro than
any of the three nien on trial
here.”
Armed with this Information,
detectives attempted to 'determine
whether Hickman lmd^any con
nection with the murder.
Meanwhile Hickman maintained
the defiant attitude - he adopted
Tuesday when four alien lata
sought to test his sanity. The re
port of tho alienists was not vatic
public but it Was believed it ex
pressed the opinion that Hickman
was sane.
Meanwhile clubwomen of Los
Angeles Indicated that they would
demand the death **rUnity foi
hickman. A resolpU'n asking
that Hi** extreme penalty he en-
(To—* ♦*» thr?o.)
Just a little practice for one o*
tho Marines' crack machine gui
crews, this, before sailing fron
Qunntico, Va., for service again*,
tho Sandino rebels in Nicaragua.
Inset is Brigadier General Logan
FJcland who will succeed to com-!
wand of the Leathernecks in ac-j
tion there. * *■ '
OSSINING, N. Y. —(UP)— Awakening Wed
nesday to what probably was to be their last forty-
odd hours of life, Mrs. Ruth Brown Snyder and
Henry Judd Gray still clung to a slender hope of es
caping the electric chair, ignorant that one of their
final chances at (ife was gone.
They had not been told that Governor Smith had
refused intervention and officially they never will
be told. So far as prison officials are concerned, they
will go to the electric chair, still hoping the governor
may spare them.
(MINES OF
19 IE STUDENTS
TOMLINSON SPEAKS
WEDNESDAY ON
S. AMERICA
i fr tot Mila. waTiSSian tor .traction of crops b T cold and dry the progress or the mure
kali • — u —1,{ ’ c ? '{Z? StLoff because of it* longer weather and a short growing sea- the western hemisphere, and
(r.11 a. other high ranking »«y.l Jtotrt°-o« h f™« e w , n , top the .bureau aahl that “none of jof that pr
•n Dan. Thr.,1
(tart, appear to urge adoption | runway. The plane
(the program. Miami to refuel.
t
(Turn to page three.)
'The United States must real
ize the importance, op South
America In the future moro than
it hae in the past.” Is tho opin
ion of Edward Tomlinson, noted
lecturer and author, speaking at
the University of Georgia chapel
Wednesday, merning to a mixed
audience of students, faculty mem
bers and citizens of Athens. Dr.
R, P. Brooks, head of tho com-
merco department at tho Unlver
slty, introduced the speaker.
“Europe, I believe, has reached
its xenith and Is now living on the
energy created in the past. This
is not saying anything against
Europe, for it has a brilliant past
mul a magnificent civilization,”
the speaker went on to say, “but
the progress of the future i3 in
' “— —
South
(Turn to Page Three)
MiM
J- Phil Campbell
Heads Council Of
Baptist Church
NEW HAVEN, Conn.—(UP)—
Cases of.nineteen Yolo tsudents,
arrested for distributing handbills
in connection with a strike, were
continued until January 21 in city
court hero Wednesday.
Continuance was ordered by
agreement of counsel, and tho de.
Cendant* were not asked to plead
to tho charges of .illegally, distri
buting handbills In violation of a
city ordfnance.
Accompanied by scores of fellow
students, the defondants .came to
courts prepared tor . a (hearing.
AFTER RECORD
J. Phil Campbell was elected
in’ of ti.5 council of tho
First Baptist church at a moctil.g
Tuesday night at the church. Mi
Campbell succeeds M. B- DuBoie.
Sam Woods was elected ucc'chair
man ar.d M. N. Tutwilcr, s ere-
tary. * \
RIMBTOBiTTLE
IEDNESDAY
WASHINGTON. —j
hundred United Slat
have been sent iroi
capital of Nicaragua,
-Marine detachme
Marines
Mann nun,
betr,
ed by
“It Is more humane that wgjr,”
Warden Lewis E- Law:s said.
Gray was reigned to death, av»*n
though his attorney, Samuel L
Miller plans last minute action.
The one* time corset salesman has
tiuulo his will, said soni-j of his
j fi rewells and has arrunged for
attribution! of the $21 in ca*‘* fc*
has* in the prison bank.
But Mrs..Snyder atill wf.*
iul and the dr.ad d hou.* if m.’ci-
r.'.i.ht Thursos-y, when the execu-
tion, apuroachcd.
“I* there any word from the
governor?” she asked savsrgl
times Tuesday-
“Surely there must be nils
hope.”
both of the convicted murgc&trt
of Albert ar.yajr are caim. uni/‘*
calmness is described as com»*
resignation and admission ^
and a willingness to die.
n
id a willingness to die.
Mrs. Snyder's calmness follow-
national guardsmen In fighting at j n{f go c los«]y upon outburrifr^ai
NEW YORK.—(AP)—Clarence
D. Chamberlain, New York . to
Germany * flyer, and Roger Q.
Williams took off at 12:13 o’clock
Wednesday in an attempt to es
tablish a new endurance and
'closed circuit” distance flight
record.
Joseph Knowles, charged with
the murder of his wife, Mrs. Cleo
Knowles on Christmas day, was
founSd not guilty by a fury In
Clarke superior court, Tuesday af- •
ternoon. The defense contended
that Mrs. Knoles killed herself.
Mr. Knowls was tried Tuesday. |
Mrs. Knowles dies on Christmas
day from wounds inflicted fey a
(Turn to Pago Thrsal
Bom^tlllo, the Navy Depart;
reported Wednesday.
Tho Mralnes, guarding the rall-
way at Somotlllo. In Chenundcga
province, were attacked by troops
of the rob-l general Sandino and
defeated when “a few” of tho na-
tJvo o'nstabulary deserted to the
enemy, the Mamig'i i oomti andant
reported. Later ilia detachment,
doubled in strength, returned and
fceid the position until the roin-
forcctmnnts from Managua nrrlvcd.
While this evidence of hotravn!
WOI reported, bearing out the bo.
lief of Nicaraguan Minister Cae.
sar that Sandino was getting old
from native citizens, three Ma
rine flyers planned a (light to
Nicaragua in a huge trl-mOtored
Fokker monoplane, to bo used
against th© rebel leader.
Major L. B. Bourne and two
ccmpnnlons propared to take-off
in the pla,no from Bolling Fiold
\ (Turn to page three.)
nervous crying and near 1 hysteria
over the weekend, is describod il
that state of n-rvous calm which,
liable to b„> broken at any m|»
r» It
ute.
Gray ate heartily Tuesdi,
read the Bible at length an,
i’T> motio^nlly talked with hi^SKfe
Mrs. Isabella Gray, at the pHi
She had made her second vil “
the prison. Although Mrs.
wept ao(t}y and w^s weep!
when she left th? prison, Gray
remained unemotional, guards
said.
Mr«. Snyder remain*! ill *WI
throughout the day. She .‘its
tors. She ata sparingly,
nixing that she had he apptffle.
Both were report'd to havejMit
nndly Tuesday night. 4TT2
Both mny have visitors iM&t
is consider’d likely that
sther, Mrs. Margaret Grayim*!
pcsa’bly his wife, would vislc uUL
(Turn to page tbr*e.)r • zi
WARDENLAWESWHO WILL CARRY OUT SNYDER-GRAY
DEATH SENTENCES, IS AGAINST CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
TELLS WHY HE FAVORS
LIFE SENTENCES
BY LEWIS E. LA WES
Warden of Sing Sing Prison
* moat horrible crime that can be committed la the killing ot a
in being, and, likewise, the most horrible punubmentthatran
"posed Is (ho killing of a human being; the firat, the communitj
I not prevent; the second is accomplished with premeditation and
tration. '
at of us who take side3 on the quCition of capital puniahment
instinctively, without ever questioning OU"* ,v “““ “* c Jjf?
wc feel as we do. We form an opjnion early in J“ e l ““.TLi Lf 8
never obliging ourselves to retxaminc our-reuaons to o •
iy is there so much interest In cipltal puniahment
e to the awakening of the public to.tta«*r.ln thejgvrfPfWg;
ate. I Used to believe strongly in the social neeemty ot capiau
timent. Now I do not.
10 weeks after assuming tho'
n, ,k- Otter assuming the ,, ^ for reformation, wd. ta
of warden ct Sing Sing - carJtal punishment,
I was directed by name * h ° “** JLSTmI. urged for
Uriel title to kill a deslg- ™ tendon-Ihe iSed of ellm-
reman being, true the man {£ «» th0 ^ho menace the Hte
convicted murderer, .but, » * - aedety-
SffigSS rss
death penalty.
Tho argument that capital pun
ishment is necessary as a process
cf elimination Is faulty; it Is un
scientific in its application.
The idea of punishment of any ;
iy, in fact, the exact hour
dnute death should occur,
iruesome task caused me to
ill obtainable facts relating
pital punishment, not only
serlca. but in all civilized
ie» of Europe. . . me tue» ul *'““*-**“*—*'—■“/ l
and that the fundamental * typo solely as retribution is gr«J«-
or punishment is that it is . ua lly disappearing. History con.j
for deterrence, for retribu- J demns capital punishment.
ing for freedom, is indeed expiaC
tion. ♦'
Executions, like war, brutalize
men; tho more that take place,
tho greater the* number there is
to execute. The man about to die
becomes a hero, - «
The executed man passes quick
ly from tho mind, jrfrllo the crimi
nal in life imprisonment remains
as a living symbol of tho awful
consequences of an awful act.
The United State* is a nation
that lead* the world th scientific
enforced. The reason*! for thin
are hum*V) elements tint cannot
bn overcome or eradicated. That
Is why, as ft puii!ahm**ut, tho
death penalty $flB always remain
a failure. Tho causes of crime
are economic and soclologiaa! with
r» ots fur d' Cpfr lh:m nt.-n* pui-
lahmcnt can hope to affect. We
fi”.d that whatev.-r d<*t('rr<. .<■«*
there Is in punishment lies in Its
certainly, not In it** severity. If
tlin solution Is severity, we are il
logical if wo stop short of ft* Ifm-’
progress, that boasts achievement / its.
in the adjustment cf industrial re- • I am not asking that we ab*n-
latlons. in dealing with comPlox] j on a ac hemd of punishment that
made twelvo offences capital. Con
necticut mode blasphemy a capi
tal offense also for a child ovci
\l6 who would curse or smito its
parent
Witches Executed in America
In Massachusetts, 20 witches
w< ft* executed in Dm* *d»nrl j-pace
of eight months. WTien they quit
killing wltchos, witches ceased to
exist. It has been said that
witches really did not exist, but
that tho murderer is a real men
ace. The point fs that the com
munity thrught It necessary to
exterminate both.
In EnglnncL In 1830, a petition
was signed and presented to Par.
social and welfare problems, yeti „ !n successful operation. We ®7 h V 1 ono hnnkers from SH
hangs its head in shame at ten havo capita! punishment and have ' ^ ilit thrv fnund
thousand homicidal dcatba each h-.U tor gwmtgjHet wa hav, ^ SivfeSf that tanTetlon ot
year.
In the face of this, why do wo
cling blindly to capital, punish
ment? in spite of many signs
which point to Its positive failure
as a deterrent, why do we retain
our faith (nits efficacy?
One in 80 Executed
Why do we bellcvo that a pun
ishment applied to. one ot every
eighty homicidal crlmoa will deter
others? It Is an actual tact that
where the murders are numbered
by tbe thousands, those who go
to the chair or the scaffold are
numbered by the tens. Even In
must not bo forgotten that the'
death penalty has been tried be-
fore cp. a colossal scale, Judged..
:d found wanting. -r V> I
Life Imprisonment |
... | There Is no room for sentl-
It mentality In dealing with tbe sub- /
t xumuwicu UJ lUV H.-HO. a.. I-..
England, statistic* show that less
ject of capital punishment, hut j than five per cent of homicidal
death fades into Insignificance I crfme**results in imposition of the
when compared with life Impels- |wm ». ll . y ' P - Kpl ° ,»*?!
. „ , .. , “ , I capita) punishment might deter
onment. To spend each night in , M , )t TCr , anfMn d The point Is
jail, doy after day, year after; that nntil th* characteristics of
year, gazing at the bars and long- * mankind change, it oan never be
*m™t b0 tn'She 0 r«t° of raoTiri 1 de ”' h or eTen th0 pooriblllly bf
death prevents the preeecullon.
llzcd world. We are just as far
today from a successful solution
of the homicide problem as we'
hare ever been.
If capital punifbmeut la a lofe-
cess. If it 1* a deterrent, why wa*
it that when England had 240;
capital offense*, and, , let^r.
conviction and punishment of the
criminal and thus endanger* the
property It I* Intended to protect*
and. therefore, requested that
forgery bo removed from capital
cases.
Why did hlghpockets, fer whom
* a ' * detection meant death, ply their
Blackstone** time, 160, crime wa*. trade at public hangings in the
far more prevalent than It I* to- ye nr sight of the callows?
where the chances of escapthgde-
toott'n are one In ten thousand?
What explanation 1* there ’Of
fh« Tno* that several rountle* fa
New York state had no tgwtfer
convIcMon* for n number of
some of them for long peffed*.
yot when the first mnvEctlou for
rrwrdor occurred wifh the atrftge-
quent execution of the mnrdever
at Sing Sing, tt was immediately
followed bv a number of mu raters?
I ask that cither* w!H bring
t'nfo problem aa open j and_ IB-
biased mind, will «*k them**?VA
th**"*} question* and answer Dteyt
without prejudice.- I find that
those |vho have gtven real study
day?
' fn England, U lata as 1629. the
following acts wero punishable by
death: Gypsies remaining In tho
kingdom one month; unlawfully
killing, hunting or stealing deer;
unlawfully stealing thh out ot any
pond; injuring of Westminister
bridge or any bridge; cutting
down or destroying growing tr«e v s;
sending threatening loiters.
Most of tho American colonies
Why do stfttcM which havo the
most legal executions also hnvo
the greatest number of homicides
in proportion to population?
Whv do those states where
lynching* are most frequent also
haTO. the greatest number of mur
ders?
> Murders In Prison
If.the fear CT death is a deter
rent. why la it that a man will ■
commit murder even in prison,
to th*' subject usually favOY ’the
abolition of th* death prnalt£
100 Electrocution* *■
Lewia E. I.awo* Warden of Ring
Sing rri^on, has officiated at more
thM jnq fijoctmeutfona since he
took charge of th* prison in
When I-awes came to Sing 8lj»*
he was an advocate of capH*!
puniahment- He frnnklv nqmita.
however, that witneaalng thl*
great number of executions ha*
mado him a militant opponent of
the d< a'h penalty, and he ha* be
come prominent because of hi*
leadership of campaigns tb'that
end.
JVm fn F’mlra. N. Y.. Law«s
served an enlistment in the itftny
after leaving high school, and pn
h!** dffcrhnrge hecatnn a pritnrt
guard at Elmira reform «4otyv
f*cr several promotions. tW6f
took him fco Auburn and ChhtelS
state prisons, ho Was nut hi
charge of the Sow York City’ttb^
(7 lira to peg*