Newspaper Page Text
THE MESSAGE
Grover Cleveland’s Life Work
Climaxed.
tariff reform the same
old watchword.
Congress Listened Spell-Bound to
His Words.
Various Questions of Public Policy
Are Discussed.
Washington, December 3.—The Fiftieth
congress assembled for its seoond and final
session at noon to-day. Long before that
hour the galleries began to fill and at 11:3G
ail bat the diplomatic and executive
gallerias were crowded. The executive
gallery was- empty. As the hands oi
the big senate clock moved on to
the nieri-tian mark the chamber rapidly
filled with members, and a general hand
shaking was going on in all of the aisles.
At 12 o'clock Senator Ingalls entered the
chamber, escorting tbe chaplain, Mr. But.
ler. When the gavel descended there were
forty*two senators present.
Mr. Butler’s prayer was brief. He asked
for blessings on the president and presi
dent-elect. At the conclusion of the prayer
Mr. Ingalls announced tbe senate in ses
sion. Mr. Sherman offered a resolution in
structing the secretory to notify tbe house
that the senate was ready for the transaction
■of business. The resolution was adopted.
Under a resolution offered by Mr. Morrill
and adopted, the president pro '.tew ap
pointed Mr. Morrill and Mr. Salisbury a
commission to notify the president.
The senate then went into forma]
recess to await the president’s message.
For fully an hour before Speaker Car
lisle, at 12 o’clock to-day, struck his desk
will* a brand new gavel and called
t:e house to order, a scene was
presented on the floor which
was highly noisy and mirthful. The desks
of the members were nearly all occupied,
and each man talked to the other in a loud
tone of voice, explaining the election in
cidents and accidents. There was
much handshaking. When Mr. Randall,
looking fairly well, entered and took his
seat, a few minutes before 12 o’clock, he
was iramedfately surrounded and heartily
congratulated upon hi* convalescence.
Mrs. Olevsland and her mother, Mrs. Fol
som, occupied the front seat of the diplo
matic gallery. Other galleries were filled
to overflowing.
After the blind chaplain, Rev. W. H. Mil-
burn, had offered supplicution and the
reading olerk began to call tbe roll of the
house, tbe members recommenced their
chatter, continuing it while the secretary
of the senate was announced and read the
anuoun einent that tbe upper body ol
congress had reassembled, was ready
business, and
between employes and the employ oris con-
stautly widening, and classes are rapidly
forming, one comprising the very rich and
powerful, while in another are found the
toiling poor.
As we view the achievements of aggre
gated capital, we discover the existence ol
trusts, combinations and monopolies, while
the citizen is struggling far in the rear or U
trampled to death beneath an iron heel
Corporations, which should be the care
fully reatrained creatures of the law ana
the servants of the people, are fast becom
ing the people’s masters. Still congratlat-
Ing ourselves upon the wealth and prosper
ity of our country, and complacently con
templating every incident of change to-
seperable from these conditions it is om
duty as patriotio citizens to
inquire at the present stage oi
our progress, how the bond of government
made with the people has been kept and
performed, instead of limiting the tribute
drawn Irom our citizens to the necessities
of its economical administration, the gov
ernment persists in exacting from the sub
stance of people millions which unapplied
and useless lie dormant in its treasury
This flagrant injustice, and this breach oi
faith and obligation add to extortion the
danger attending the diversion of the cur
rency of the country from the legitimate
channels of business.
Under the sttiuu laws by which these re
suits are produced, the government per
mito many millions more to he added to the
cost of the living of oar people and to be
takes from our consumers, which nnrea
sonably swell the profits of a small bat
powsrfal minority. The people most still
be taxed for the support of the government
under the operation of tariff laws. But U
the extent that the mass of citizens are in.
ordinatcly burdened beyond any useful
public purpose and for the benefit of a fa
vored few, the government
under pretext of an exercise of its toxin;
power enters gratuitously Into partnership
with those favorites to their advantage and
togthe injury of a vast majority of our peo
ple. This is not eqnality before the law
The existing situation is injurious to the
health of our entire body politic. It stiflef
in those for whoso benefit it is permitted,
ail patriotic love of country, and substi
tutes in its place selfish greed
and grasping avarice. Devotion tc
American • citizenship for its own
sake and for what it should accomplish as
a motive to onr nation’s advancement and
the bapuiness of all our people, is dis
placed by the assumption that the govern
ment, instead of being the embodiment ol
equality, is but an instrumentality through
which especial individual advantages arc
to be gained.
The arrogance of this assumption is un
concealed ; it appears in the sordid disre-
gard of all but personal interests, in tbe
refusal to abate for the benefit of othera
one iota of selfish disadvantage, and iu
combinations to perpetuate snch ad
vantages through efforts to control
legislation and improperly influence
the suffrages of the people.
The grievances of those not included
wiihin the circle of these beneficiaries,
wben fully realized, will surely arouse ir
ritation and discontent Our farmers, long
suffering and patient, struggling in the
for business, and bad appointed a race of life with tlgt hardest and inoRt nn-
committee to act with a similar committee i remitting Jtoil, will not fall to see, in spite of
on the part of the house to wait upou and I misrepresentation and misleading falls-
notify the president that congress awaited i cies. that they are obliged to accept such
bis pleasure. Messrs. Holineu ol Indiana,! P rl «* fo * * he,r products as are
O'Neill of Pennsylvania, ahd Turner ol t A«d in foreign markets where they com-
Georgia were appointed members of tbe j P**® *k® farmers of the world j that
committee to notify the president, and the I their lands are declining in value while
within lines clearly and distinctly defined
It should never be compromised. It is the
people’s cause. it cannot bf
denied that the selfish and vital
interests which are so persistent and hard
when efforts are made to deal in a'just and
comprehensive manner with overt tariff
laws are related to, If they are not respon
sible for, the sentiment largely prevailing
among the people that the general govern
ment is the fountain of individual and pri
vate aid; that it may be expected to re
lieve with paternal care the distress of citi
zens and communities; that- from tbe full-
ness of its treasury it should upon the
slightest possible pretext of promoting tbe
general good, apply public funds to the
benefit of localities and individuals; noi
can it be denied that there is a yonng
assumption that, as against the government
and in favor of private claims and inter
ests, -the usual rules and limitations ol
business principles and Just dealing should
be waived. These ideas have been unhap
pily much encouraged by legislative acqui-
esence. Relief from contracts made with
tbe government Is too easily accorded in
favor of the citizen; the failure tc
support claims against^ the government
by proof, Is often supplied by
no better consideration than the wealth oi
the government and the poverty of th*
claimant. Gratuities in the form of pen
sions are granted upon no other real ground
than the needy condition of the applicant,
or for reasons less valid, and large sum;
are' expended for public buildings and
other improvements upon representation;
scarcely claimed to be related to public
needs and necessities. The extent to which
the consideration of snch matters subordi
nate and postpone action upon subjects ol
great public importance, but involving nc
special, private or partisan interest should
arrest attention and lead to reformation
A few- of the numerous illustrations ol
this condition may be stated. Tbe crowd
ed condition of the calendar of the su
preme court and the delay of suitors and
denial of justice resulting therefrom, liat
been strongly urged upon the attention ol
the congress, with a plan for the relief ol
the situation, approved by those well able
to judge of its merits. While this subject
remains without effective consideration
niauy laws have been passed providing foi
the holding of terms of inferior courts at
places to suit the convenience of localities,
or to lay the foundation of an application
for the erection of new public buildings.
Repeated recommendations have been
submitted for the amendment and change
approval cf the senate.
The president recites tbe acta of the ad
ministration in regard to tbe exclusion o:
Chinese immigrants. He alludes to tin
revolution iu Hayti, and tbe steps taken t<
protect the • interests of citizens of- tht
United States on that island, and tbe vari
ous other matters connected with our for
eign relations.
In regard
to the policy of purchasing bonds’ befor<
maturity, he says: The requirements an
the sinking fund act have been for the yeai
} lied to the' redemption of loans and
notes t >, ilia extent of $83,084,405.51,
leaving a balance added to the cash in
the treasury of $38,^3^,710.53.
The interest on the public debt is $3.-
038,569: iH.
There is an increase in the payment of
pensions of $5,259,403.98. Tne accumu
lated surplus, says the secretary, on Sep
tember 29,1888, was $96,444,845.81.
- Probably the most interesting and im
portant passage in thereport is the allu
sion to tariff reform. It says:
ended June 30,1888, and for the enrreni j * ro P“ t re
year also, by purchase of bonds after com i t- lxa H OI1 an( i reduce
plying with this law as posIUvely required ltoo 6udd en disturbance oStfiS
and suflreent for that purpose had beet ests, to make this reduction in customs
bought at a preunum it was not deemec taxation, to the end that the people may
prudent to further tftpend until authority ge t the greatest possible benehtfrom the
to do so should be more explloit. A resolu- reduction.
tion, however, having been passed by botfc ^Beside the vexed economic question as
houses of congress, removing all doubt a.< to whether a country can make itself
to executive authority, daily purchases a: prosperous by a tariff; whether it can
bonds were commenced on the 25d|day ol increase the relative average comfort of
April, 1888, and have continued until th< -its whole people by diverting a portion
..._ .gjjs- i-, -* ital from the employ-
otitably
present time. By this plan bonds of the gov
ernment not yet due have been purchased
up to and including the 30th day of Novem
her, 1888, amounting to $94,700,400, the pre
mium paid thereon amounting to $17,506,
613. The premium added to the princi
pal of these bonds represents an investment
yielding about two per cent, interest foi
the time they still had to run, and the sav
ing to the government is repiesented by
the difference between the amount of inter
est at two per cent, upon the sum paid foi
of its labor and ca
ments . which could be most profitably
followed under natural conditions, there
by making certain of necessaries of life
more costly than they would be other
wise. there is a higher moral question
which may well be asked, and that is,
can a government be kept pure and free
which, through the agency of its laws,
offers vast pecuniary temptations to
some kinds of business.
There are many indications that this
have paid for interest at tbe rate specified
in the bonds if ihey had run to their m»
turity is, about $27,165,000. At first sighl
this ' would seem to be a profitable and
sensible transaction on the parf
of the government; but as suggested by th«
secretary of the treasury, the surplus thu;
expended for the purchase of bonds wai
money drawn from the people in excess oi
any actual need of the government,
and was so expended rather that
allow it to remain idle in the treasury. If
this surolus, under the operation of jusi
and equitable laws, had been left in tb<
hands of the people it would have been
worth in their business at least 6 per cent,
per annum. Deducting from the amonnl
of interest on the principal and premium
of these bonds for the t-ime they had to run
at the rate of 6 per cent, the saving of S
per cent, made for the people by purchase;
of such bonds, the loss will appear to be
$55,780,000.
This calculation would seem to demon
of the laws relating to our public lands sc strata that if excessive and unnecessary
f.n O V f ii mi* *• *\a1 * -i 11 /. n •, •* #$ ,1* .. a u.. 2 . a.. a. ... . . . v
house took a recess till 1:30 p. in.
The President's Message.
8*o the Congress of the Unitsd States:
As you assemble for the discharge of the
duties you have assumed as the represents,
lives of a free and generous people, your
meeting is marked by an interesting and
impressive incident. With the expiration
of the present session of the congress, the
first century of our constitutional existence
as a nation will be complete.
Our survival for one hundred years is
not sufficient to secure us, but we no longer
have dangers to fear in the maintenance,
with all its promised blessings, of a gov
ernment founded upon the freedom of the
people. The time rather admonishes us to
soberly inquire whether in the past we
have always closely kept in the course of
safety, and whether we nave before ns a
way plalp and clear which leads to happi
ness and prosperity.
When the experiment of our government
was undertaken, the ehart adopted for our
guidance was the constitution. Departure
from the line there laid down is failure. It
is only by a strict adherence to the direc
tion they indicate and by restraint within
the limitations they fix that we can furnish
proof to the world of the fitness of the
American people for self government.
The equal and exact justice of which we
boast as the underlying principle of onr
institm ions should not be confined to the
relations of our citizens to each other. The
government itself is under bond to the
American people, that In: the exercise of its
functions and powers it will- deal with the
body of onr citizens in a manner scrupu
lously honest and fair and absolutely just.
It lias agreed that American citizen
ship shall be the only credential nec
essary to justify the claim of equality be
fore the law, and that’ no coudition in life
shall give rise to discrimination In .the
treatment of the people by their govern
ment. ,
The citizens of our -repobHc in its early
days rigidly insisted upon full compliance
with the letter of this bonds, and saw
stretching out before him a clear, field for
individual endeavor. His tribute to the
support of his government was
measured by the cost of its
economical maintenance, and - he was se
cure in the enjoyment of tbe remaining
r«4aaapaa*e.«dt his steady and contented
toll. In those days the frugality of the
people was stamped upon their govern
ment, and was enforced by the free,
thoughtful and intelligent suffrage of the
citizen, combinations,, monopolies, and ag~
grpgations of capital
plated am
ap and glider of go
fared no temptation ai
i poo pi
com
their debts increase; and without compen.
sating favor they are forced by the action
of the government to pay, for the benefit of
ethers, such enhanced prices for the thing;
they need that the scanty returns of tbeix
labor fail to furnish their support or leave
no margin for accumulation.
Our workingmen, enfranchised from all
delusions and no longer frightened by the
cry that their wages are endangered by a
just revision of our tariff laws, will reason
ably demand through such revision stead
ier employment, cheaper meaus of living In
their homes, freedom for themselves and
their children from the doom of perpetual
servitude and an opes door to their ad
vancement beyond the limits of a laboring
class. Others of our citizens whose com
forts and expenditures are measured by
moderate salaries and fixed incomes, will
insist upon the fairness and jus
tice of cheapening the cost of neces
saries for themselves land their families.
When to the selfishness of the beneficiaries
of unjust discrimination under our laws
there shall be added the discontent of those
who suffer Irom such discrimination, we
will realize the fact that tbe beneficiary
purposes of our government, de
pendent upon the patriotism and con
tentment of our people, are endangered.
Communism is a hateful thing, and a
menace to peace and organized govern
ment. But the communism of combined
wealth and capital, the outgrowtlijof over*
weaning cupidity and selfishness which in
sidiously undermine,the justice and integ
rity of free institutions, is hot less danger
ous than the communism of Oppressed
poverty and toil which, exasperated*by In
justice and discontent, attack with wild
disorder the citadel of rale.
He mocks the people who proposes that
the government shall protect the rich and
that they in turn will care for the laboring
poor. Any intermediary between the peo
ple and their government, or the last dele
gation of the cpre and protection the gov
ernment owes to the humblest citizen id
tbeland, makes the boast of free institu
tions a glittering delusion and the pre
tended boon of American citizenship shame-
less imposition.
A just and sensible revision of onr tariff
laws should be made for the relief of those
of our countrymen who suffetaunder pres
ent conditions. Such a revision should re
ceive the support of all who love that jus
tice and equality due to American citizen-
that their spoliation and diversion to other
uses than as homes for honest settler;
might be prevented. While a measure tc
meet this conceded necessity of reform re
mained awaiting the action of congress,
many claims to the public lands and appli
cations for their donation in favor of state;
and individuals have been allowed.
Tbe president alludes to the evils of om.
nibns appropriation bills, private pension
bills, and the securing of large land grants
by railroads. He deprecates the extension
of the scope of federal jurisdiction and leg
islation, and its encroachment into the do
main of state rights and local government.
He insists on the duty of observing the lim
itations of the constitution. He says:
Tbe seventh president of the United
States, the soldier and statesman, and at
all times the firm and brave friend of the
people, in vindication of his course as the
protector of popular rights and the cham
pion of trne Americpn citizenship, de
clared: “The ambition which leads m.e on
is an anxious desire and a fixed
determination to restore to the peo
ple unimpaired the sacred trust
they have confided to my charge,to heal the
woonds of the constitution 'and preserve it
from further violations, to persuade my
countrymen, so far as I may, that it is not
in a splendid government, supported by
powerful monopolies and aristocrat!c»l
establishments, that they will find happi
ness, or their liberties protected, but in a
plain system, void of pomp—protecting all
and granting favors to none—dispensing its
blessings like the dews of heaven, unseen
and unfelt, save in the freshness and beauty
they contribute to proddee. It is such a
government that the genius of our people
requires, such a one only under which oui
states may remain, for ages to come, united,
-prosperous and free. "
The president congratulates the country
oh its state of domestic trauquility, and
its peace with all nations. He saye that tbe
international questions that still await set
tlement are all reasonably within the do
main of amicable negotiation, and suscepti
ble of diplopiativ.adjustmpnt.
Bsrecounts the action of the administra
tion and_ot tiie senate Inregard to the fish-
eHes'coiitrovetay^’and says: “I am nut
aware that anything has sine's occurred
which should be . added to the
iact; thereto | stated.- -Therefore I
merely repeat, as applicable to the present
time, the statement which will be found in
my message to the senate of September
12th last, “that since March 3,1887; no Case
has been reported' to the department of
state wherein complaint has been made Of
unfriendly or unlawful treatment of Amer
ican.fish tog vessels on the part of tbe Cana
dian authorities- in which reparation etas
not promptly and satisfactorily obtained
by tbe United States consul general at
Halifax.”
To "meet the exigency created by the re
jection of the treaty, I now again invoke
the’earnest and immediate attention of con
gress to tbe condition of this important
question as it now’stands before them and
the country, and for the settlement of
which I am deeply solicitous.
Near the close of tbe month of October
last occurences Of deeply rej.retable natore
were brought to my mind, which made it
my painful but imperative duty to obtain,
with -m little delap as possible, a new per-
abfiflSifitfiBieTof diplomatic intercourse' in
with the government of Great
Jffie correspondence in relation to this
lustoSSta* tlMwlato I
In - frifndlj# cow
the enaoVfrn
man for the sols
government and
grand dewfoy
ship, of all who realize that in this justice ; _ ■
and equalitv our government, finds Its j -incident will in due course be laid before
strength and its power to pro-' : you; and will disclose .the unpardonable
tect the citizen and his property, of conduct of the official referred to in his
ill who believe that the contented Interference by advice and counsel with
avoided competence and comfort of many the suffrages of American citizens in the
ned. Tbe accord better with the spirit of our inatitd- very crisis of the presidentialeiedtion tuen
less free, tions thau ctSlossal fortunes unfairly gatb- near at hand, and also in his subsequent
•eaented node-j fe rt d in the bands of a few, of all Wboap- - public declarations to'justify his action,
a,-side by side nreciate that a forbearance and fraternity super-adding impugnment of tho executive
“nR, which tail fl$n fill toe -and senate of tbe United States iu couuec-
wroiight for- imong ouir people, which l»eognixe the and s'enate of the
tbs •naoMement ~ anT*^ digffltT - of value ol-ettary American interest are the tion with important questions
man fertile solution of the problem of free Bnreat guaranty of onr national progress controversyTtetween the two governments,
nd for the achievement of the nd of aII de sire to see ibe products of •'Theoffenee thuzoommitted
it,* tssstsirszrxsssss.
KSi ■S.-SSE,”1 .■‘S2SSS2 , ^iSSSlSSS^ - - ,-v- o; j by B-w
yield fortunes vacver dreamed of bjM» , eQue i a so apparent as to be generally con-
fathers of the republio; our buaiur
are m
and
taxation is continued, and the government
is forced to pursue this policy of purebas-
tag its own bonds, attbe premiums which it
will be necessary to pay, the loss to the
people will he hundreds of millions ol
dollars. Since tho purchase ol
bonds was undertaken, as mentioned,
nearly all that have been offered were at
last accepted. It has been made quite ap
parent that the government was in dangei
of being subjected to combinations to raise
their price, as appears by the instance cited
by the secretary of the offering oi
bonds of the par value ol
only $326,000 so often that
tbe aggregate of the sums demanded for
their purchase amounted to more than
$19,700,000. Notwithstanding the large
sums paid out in the purchase of bonds, the
surplus in the treasury on the 30th day ol
November, 1888, was $52,234,710 01, aftei
deducting about $20,000,000, just drawn
out for the payment .of pensions.
The message thus refers to the efforts oi
the administration to recover for settle
ment by the people large quantities of the
public lands:
It is gratifying to know that something
has been done at last to redress the injuries
to our people and check the perilous ten
dency of the reckless waste of the national
domain. That over eighty million acres
have been arrested from illegal - usur
pation, improvident grants and fraud-
ulent entries ani Claims, to be
taken for the homesteads of honest iufius-
tryr-although less than the greater areas
thus unjustly lost—must afford a profound
gratification to right-feeling citizens as it is
as a recompense for the labors and strug
gles for the recovery. Our dear experience
ought sufficiently to urj;e the speedy enact
ment of measures of legislation which
will confide the future disposition
of our remaining agricultural
lands to the uses of actual husbandry and
genuine homes. Nor should our vast tracts
of so-called desert lands he yielded up to
the monopoly of corporations or grasping
individuals, as appears to be much the ten
dency under the existing statute. These
lands require but the supply of water to
become fertile and productive. It is a
problem of great moment how most wisely
for the public good that factor shall be
furnished. I cannot but think it
perilous to suffer either these lands
or the sources of their irrigation to fall into
the hands of monopolists which, by such
means, may exercise lerdship over the
areas dependent on their treatment Un
productiveness. Already steps Jhave been
taken to secure accurate and scientific in
formation of the conditions, which is the
prime basis of intelligent action. Until this
shall be gained tb» course of wisdom ap
pears clearly to lie in a suspension of fur
ther disposal, whioh only promises to cre-
eate rights antagonistic’ to the common in
terest. No harm oan follow this caution
ary conduct. The land will remain, and
the public good presents no demand for
hasty disposition of national ownership
and control.
Washington, D. C.„ Dec. 4.—Secreta
ry Charles S. Fairchild, head of tho
treasury department, shows in his report
that the ordinary revenues of the gov
ernment from all sources for the fiscal
year ended June
80, 1888, were,
from customs,
internal revenue,
sales of public
lands, profits on
coinage, bullion
deposits and as
says, tax on na
tional banks,fees,
[consular, letters-
| patent and land,
customs fees,
penalties,
ohaim.ks s. FAiBcmux etc.,sinking fund
for Pacific railways, repayment
classes of our business men have come
to depend lor success upon Their skill in
manipulating governmental agencies
rather than upon industry, intelligence
and honorable competition.
It is not possible that eagerness for the
money which men assume comes to
them only through government, may
lead to use an ever growing proportion
of their gains to possess and intiuence
the supposed source of their wealth’:
And will not the endeavor to make
men rich soon become the chief func
tion of our government? Is not this
already the case? If these dangers ex
ist and are not overestimated, then can
it bo doubted that the true weilfave of
our people calis for the rescue of the
government from them as speedily as
may bo ?
Tins can r nly be donq by severing gov
ernment from private business: steps
should at once be taken in that direction,
alwavs. however, let me repeat, bearing
in mind interests which have become es
tablished under present laws; to the end
that they may not suifer unduly while
beneficent reforms are made.
The remainder of the report is taken
up with currency circulation in which
the secretary recommends that the pur
chase of silver bullion by the govern
ment should be reduced again to the
maximum last suggested.
Thus tbe country’s business demand
would regulate tbe country’s silver cir
culation, and there would be little dan
ger of depreciation in the value of tbe
silver dollar as compared with tbe gold
dollar. I venture to predict that if some
such safeguard is not adopted, and if
thereby the silver dollar is suffered at
some time to lose a part of its purcha
sing power, that the people will demand
the absolute stoppage of the silver bul
lion purchase; and furthermore, tire us?
by the government of the whole or a
portion of the silver coinage profits for
the redemption of the silver dollars
which are held by them. It is to be
hoped that before such a crisis is reached
that the nations of the world will have
agreed upon some standard of bimetal-
ism which will forever maintain a fixed
ratio between gold and silver; but in the
meantime there is no occasion to burden
ourselves with a stock of silver which
mhy be troublesome.
UNCUS SAM’S ARMY.
tkuLpureiy ^domestic ’ affairs and essential! Indian lands, Soldiers’Home,permanent
ceded. Bnt the means by which this end . sovereignty, of .the government to which j fundi of government property, tax
nadly striving in the race for riches g ha u be accomplished and tho sum ofdi- on seal skins, immigrant fund, deposits
immense aggregation, of-capital out- „c t benefitwbtofa shall result to our clti- fulfilled the,just demands of international
run tho imagination in the magnitude ef
their undertakings.
We view with pride and satisfaetion this
bright picture of our country’s growth and
prosperity, while only a closer scrutiny 1 de-
Vrlops a somber shading. Upon more care
ful inspection wo find the wealth and lux
ury of nur cities mingled with poverty and
wretchedness and nnremnnrjative toil. A
crowded and constantly increasing urban
population suggeata the Impoverishment of
rtfral sections, and discontent with agricul
tural pursuits. The farmer’s son, not sa’-
isfled with his father’s slmpjo and labori-
Otis life, joins the eager chase for easily-
acquired-wealth, t'i < •. . --
\v « find that the fortunes, realized by
over manufacture and are no longer solely
tho reward of steady industry and enlight
ened .foresight, but that they result from
tho discriminating favor of government j terests of American labor. The cause foi
and are largely built upon undue exactions < which the battle U waged
from the maases of our^people. The gulf
Jf&***m p* blic
zens presents controversy ol the utmost ^ majesty's government to act in reliej on mutilated notes, currency, etc., sale
importance. There should ^be ^no ^scheme 0 f ri>e situation, I considered prolongation of condemned naval vessels, revenues of
uiu'ou. -J-I—r ~ . niZO me tlipiomavio cuaracLti- vi a.,~
public money, with all their demoralizing ^ whose continuance in such function ceipts of $3i9,-b6,074.76
_ .1, A*il,l ’ ha trtl Hnitfil . ... * » e J A* . fPI AM., nvnnvwlit-
consequences, should' not be tolerated, destroy that mutual confident j
either as a means of relieving the treasury js 8ssen *i a i to the good understand
of its present surplus or ss furnishing 7 th(1 n f 0 governments, and was in
pretext for resisting » proper cons i SI( int with the welfare and self-respeci
eduction on tariff ratesi existing evi s ^ ^ governments of tho United States
md injustice, should J>e honestly recog- usual interchange of coinmunicatior
The ordinary expenditures for the 6ame
period were, for civil expenses, foreign
intercourse, Indian service, pensions, tne
military establishment, including rivers
and harbors and arsenals, the naval es
tablishment, including vessels, madhin-
tive toward existing industries, but which
will reduce the coBt to consumer; of the
necessaries of life, while It provides for opt
manufacturers the advantage of free raw
materials and permits no injury to the in-
establish bv international co-operauoi pul _
measures for the prevention cf the exter Iectrng the revenues expenditures on
mination of fur seals to Behring account of the District of Columbia and
sea bavo not been relaxed, afid J
have hope
an effectual
Secretary Kndleott Reports oh the Growth
and Condition of tho Military.
Washington, Dec. 4.—Secretary of
War Endic-itt has completed the report
to the pr^ Vnt of the administration of
his department during the fiscal year
ended June 80th last.
The total expenditures were $41,165,-
107; appropriations for the current fiscal
year amount to $59,679,984, and esti
mates for the fiscal year ending June 30,
1890, aggregate $44,633,507 as follows:
Salaries and contingent expenses, $1,-
978,890; military establishment, support
of the army and military academy, $25,-
293,373; public works, including river
and harbor improvements, $13,784,334;
miscellaneous objects, $8,575,010. The
estimates for river and harbor improve
ments represent the probable coqt of
such improvements if approved by con
gress.
The secretary gives a brief review of
the troubles with the Chiricahua Apache
Indians, from the Mexican war to the
present time, and discusses the various
planB suggested for their foture treat
ment. The Indians are now confined at
Mt. Vernon barracks, Alabama, and
many appeals been made for their re
lease. J
The secretary renews the recommend
ation contained in his last annual report
in regard to examination for promotion,
and says that the necessity for such ex
amination grows more and more evident.
Desertions from the army continue in
large numbers, as in previous years,’but
from investigations recently made it ap
pear that .80 per cent of desertions occur
before the expiration of the second year
of service.
The secretary says that all the states
and territories now have an active mi
litia, sufficient under the regulations to
entitle them to receive ordinance and
t uarterin aster’s stores from the United
tales, except the state of Arkansas and
territories or Arizona, Idaho and Utah.
It is hoped that very soon practical in
struction in sea coast defenses, and the
handling of heavy artillery, may be
given to the militia, and officers of the
army may be relied upon to give zealous
and cordial assistance.
“By a generous supplv of ammunition
for target practice to colleges were army
officers are serving as instructors,” the
secretary says, “it is possible that com-
petitiv^conteste in ride shooting might,
m time, become as popular with some of
these inland colleges as boat racing now
is at the universities of our seaboard.”
Two hundred thousand dollars is asked
for repair and preservation of existing
works.
For the purchase of torpedoes and sub
marine mines, and necessary appliances
for operating them, for working the sub
marine system, $1,890,000 is recommend
ed.
Land has been secured as a site for an
arsenal i- .Columbia, Tenn., and the title
is now being examined by the depart
ment of justice.
The manufacture of the two twelve-
inch breech-loading rifles was resumed
in the spring. One has been completed
and 6ent to the proving ground, and the
other is nearing completion.
Under the provisions of the army bill
for the procurement of pneumatic dyna
mite guns, the necessary specifications
are now being prepared, and advertise
ments for proposals will issue early in
December.
BANDUNG THE MAIDS.
General Dan Dickin. on reports concisely
the condition and history of every dL
vision and branch of the postal service
for the fiscal year ended June 89,1888,
with mauy comparisons for previous
years, showing a remarkable expansion
of business and large increase in expen
diture. The gross revenue for the year
was $52,695,176. The total expenditures,
inclusive of liabilities for the year un
paid, and embracing the amount for the
transpor tation of mails on Pacific rail
roads, for which the government receives
credit, was $59,885,408. Tho estimated
deficiency, therefore, is $4,190,227; The
total estimated gross receipts for the
year ended June 80,1889,were $57,392,576.
The amount appropriated for the ser
vice of this year is $60,800,238, or an ex
cess over .the amount of revenue esti
mated of $2,467,657,which will be drawn
from the general treasury should the to
tal amount appropriated be needed. The
total estimated gross receipts for the
year ending June 80,1890, is $62,508,-
658.
The local volume of business in the
money order division for the year is up
wards of $143,000,000, and showB a net
profit to the government of about $50,-
000. The volume of ordinary-mail mat
ter has largely increased. It is estimated
that the revenue on the number of
pieces handled during the past year
would have been without reductions of
postage, upwards of $70,000,0000.
The free delivery service. was, during
the fiscal year, extended to 169 addition
al places, under the act of ’January. 3,
1887, making a total of 358 free delivery
cities. The number of carriers was in
creased from 5,310 to 6,346. During the
year 721 persons, officials, employes of
the department and others, were
arrested for various offenses againt the
postal laws and regulations. The num
ber includes 90 postmasters, 26 assistant
postmasters, 32 postoffice clerks, 12 rail
way postal clerks, 34 letter carriers, 15
mail earners, 9 other employes, 123 burg
lars of postoffices, and 380 others for va
rious offenses—these subject to the juris
diction of the courts of the United States.
Fortv-nine burglars and twenty-three
other offenders were anested, whose
cases were subject to the jurisdiction of
state courts. One hundred and seventy-
ooe of these offenders were convicted,
45 acquitted or discharged, 510 awaiting
trial.
The report submits elaborate schedules
of railway mail connections in the south
and between the northwest and south.
Showing a consistent increasing business
and the need of more attention and
means for its proper care, with a show
ing that the subject has received marked
consideration during the past fiscal year.
With regard to the postal telegraphy,
the report says:
If the correspondence of the country
is to continue to be under ihe charge
and protection of the government, the
vast and increasing volume conducted
by telegraphy, and the right of the great
body of the people to be afforded facili
ties for the Dest and quicket transmis
sion at rates within we means of all,
will press this subject upon the atten
tion of congress with more and more
urgency, hhe chief difficulties in the
way are the cost of the present methods
and the absence of safeguards which, ac
cording to the present mail service,
should protest the privacy of corres
pondence. I have given the subjeot
much consideration, and I believe tnat
the inventive genius of this country has
reached the stage in the discovery in
electric science when these problems
may be solved. The subjeot is of such
great importance to the people that I
believe an opportunity shall be given for
the presentation and examination of in
ventions which have been formerly pre
sented by the committees of congr*
the department-and the puJAic, ana tl
stimulus should be given to inventors to
turn their attention to the improvement
of old methods. I recommend the ap-
1 SENTS Sec’y Tin: Buffalo MdtoapAcc]-
pvMT Avn s>nK bxMExrr Association, But-
falo.JtewYork,
, t Th* Jfrjp Rnqland Jfedtml Journal, my*:
* u Wales’ INVISIBLE Sound D Isc,
'nr A tat (UifnuM. cHtutnui sonnd smi
I I om ts»tas. sad wtrUti lit drrlwsat
r ofourage audit* poaaiMlitln are great.”
Tor lalt bj H. 8. WALES, Brldg (port, CL
EXHAUSTED VITALITY
T HE SCIENCE OF
LIFE, the great
Medical Work of tbs
ageonManhoodNerv-
oos ard Physical De
bility. Premature De-
iTKinUf TUVCEi C Cline, Error; of Youth,
IHIUTV IIII ObLr land the untold miaer-
«consequent thereon, SCO paces 8 to., lSBprs-
icriptionr t T all diseases. CtothTfull gilt, only SL00,
by mail, sQgied. Illustrative iempkt free to all yoonz
md middle-aged mea. Send now. TheGoUi aod
Jewelled Medal awarded to the author by the NaUoo-
ii Medical Association. Address P.OTHfox 1»5,Bos
ton, Maas., or Dr. W. a PARKER, graduate of Har.
vard Medical College, ss years’ practice *.n Boston,
who may be marred confidentially. Office, No.
t Bulfirich St. Specialty, Direaeea of Man.
Cat this out. Von ntnv never see It tula.
■PARKER’S ■
HAIR BALSAM,
jfaMses and beautifies the hair,
^■otes a luxuriant growth.
Naver Fails to Restore Gray
■ HairtoitsYouthftil Color.
gejjcntfl Dan dniff and hfdr tolling
BEARTBEiOTO
MS€OYERT.
ANY BOOK T.EAHNEU IN ONK KKAD1NO.
Mind wandering cubed.
Speaking without notes.
Piracy condemned by Supreme Court,
Great inducements to correspondence
classes. Prospectus, witli’oplnlons of Dr.Wm,
A Hammond, the world-famed Specialists lu
Mind Diseases; D nlel Ureeuleaf Thompson, the
great Psychologist; J. M. Buckley, 1). D., editor
of the Christian Advocate: Richard Proctor, the
Scientist; Hons. Judge Gibson, JudahP. Benja
min and others, sent post free by Prof, a. LOIS-
ETTE, 237 Fifth avenue, New York.
HINDERCORN8.
PARKER'S GINGER TONIC
The best of all remedies for
Inward Paint, Colic, Indiges
tion, Exhaustion and all Stom
ach and Bowel troubles. Also j
the most effective cure fori
Coughs, Colds, Bronchitis and I
affection* of the breathing!
organs. It promotes refreshing I
sleep, improves the appettte,
overcomes nervous prostration,
and gives new life and strength
to the week and aged. 50c. and $uoo, at Drvvubts.
,.V rw i afid J interest on the public debt, a total of or-
leiaxeu, * ,. Q>.it rt
FSZuG project with to. maritime power, ft* Aw
ppointment of a commission of compe
tent and disinterested men, learned in
science, who may examine inventions
and invite others, who shall be author
ized to erect short experimental lines,
and who shall report to the president, or
congress, the result of their investiga
tions. ■
S^j rot ary Vilas on labor.
Washington, Dec. 4.—Secretary of
the Interior William F. Vilas has sub
mitted his annual report to the pres
dent.
It is quite a lengthy document, em
bracing 143 pages of printed matter and
elaborately treats upon every subject
coming under his department, many oi
which are of no interest to the genera)
reader,
The two subjects that will be read by
every one who is in anyway interested
in the report is the labor statistics and
E elision departments. The former em-
races a lengthy account of all strikes
for a number of years past.
Regarding the labor troubles, It says
“Of the 22,304 establishments ii
which strikes occurred, the strikes in
18,342, or 82.24 per ccht of the whole,
were ordered by labor organizations,
while of the 2,214 establishments in
which lockouts occurred 1,753, or 79.18
per cent, were ordered by combinations
of managers.
“So far as gaining the objects for
which the strikes or lockouts were sub
stituted is concerned, it is shown by the
summaries that for the strikes, out of
the whole number of establishments af
fected, viz: 22,304, success followed in
10,375 establishments, or 46.52 per cent,
of the wnole; partial success was gained
in 3,004, or 13.47 per cent, of the whole,
and failure followed in 8,910 establish
ments, or 29.95 per cent, of the whole
number; for fifteen establishments,
0.06 per cent., thestrikes were still pend
ing December 31, 1886.
For lockouts, 564 establishments, or
25.47 per Cfent. of the whole, succeeded
gaining their point; 190, or 858 per cent,
partially succeeded, and 1,339, or 60.48
per cent, of the whole failed; for 121 es
tablishments, or 5.47 per cent., the lock
Cuts were still pending December 31,
1886. .
Secretary Whitney’* Report.
Washington, D. C., Dec. 4.—Secre
tary Whitney, in his annual report, after
presenting a brief review of the condi
tion of the navy, as it will exist on the
4th of next March, in comparison with
the same on the 4th of March 1995, says:
So far as armored ships are concerned,
tne subject is yet to be treated in a broad
way by the department and congress.
As a result of the policy adopted and
carried out during the past three years,
the conditions at the present time art
such that everything necessary to a first
class fighting ship can be produced and
furnished to the department in this
country as soon as in the course of con
struction any element or feature is re-
auired.
The message concludes:
’ The consciousness that I have presented
but an imperfect statement of the condition
of our country and its wants occasions no
tear that anything omitted is t not known
ahd appreciated by the congress, upon
whom rests the responsibility of intelligent
legislation in behalf of a great nation and a
eonfiding people. As pubtifi servants we
shall do qnr duty well if we constantly
guard tbe rectitude of onr intuitions, main.
The Fosmaster-General Show* the Bnsineu tain unsullied our love Of country, and
of HD Department the Part Year. I ^ irb n " ielfish purpose strlvejor rhe pub-
* - * He good,
Waal
MIK
Tbe cabinet organ was introduced In its pres
ent form by Mason & Hamlin in 1881. Other
makers followed in the manufacture of these
instruments, but the Mason & Hamlin Organs
have always maintained their supremacy as tho
best in the world.
Mason & Hamlin offer,as demonstration of tho
unequalled excellence of their organs, the fact
that at all of the great World’s Exhibitions,,
since that of Paris Ann I ||ni867, in competi
tion withbestni;ik||U| lUiers of all coun
tries. they have! |f|ll RII Alnvarlably taken
toe highesthnnoraWllUHIIUumstrated cata
logues 822 to 8900. free
Mason & Hamlin do not hesitate to make'toe
extraordinary claim for their pianos, that they
are superior to all others. They recognize toe
toe- remarkable improvement introduced by
them in toe year 1282, and now known as toa
“Mason * Hamlin PiuNq Sxbinobr,” by toe
use >t which is sefa* 1 lift A cured toe greatest
possible purity U| L’ nSSV ail<1 refinement of
tone, together r|Rlll| a Y
creased capacityl iHllUUi
tner 61
'tar* 1 standing .
rand & Upright. Important
1 greatly ln-
stai dlng In
tune and oil
advantages,
a circular, containing testimonials from three
hundred purchasers, musicians, and tuners,
sent, toge’her with descriptive catalogue to any
app leant. Pianos and organs sold for cash or
easy payments; also rented.
Mason & Hamflon Organ and Plano Co.
B'i c TONl NEW YORK. CHICAGO.
oct26d&wlm , j
URA1EFU L-COMFOR.Tl.iNii
KPFS’SiCOCOA.
BREAKFAST.
By a thorough knowledge of toe natural laws
which govern toe operations of digestion and
nutrition, and by a careful application of toe fine
properties of well-selected Cocoa, Mr. Epps has
provided our breakfast tables with a delicately
lavoured beverage which may save us mauy
heavy doctors’ hills. It Is by the judicious use
of such articles of diet that a constitution may
be gradually built up. until strong enough, to
resist every tendency to disease Hundreds of
subtle maladies are floating around us ready to
attack wherever there is a weak point We may
escape many a fatal shaft by keeping ourselves
well fortified with pure blood and a properly
nourished frame ” Civil Service Gazette. Made
simply with boiltng water or milk. Sold only in
half-pound tins, by Grocers, labelled thus:
came* Epps A (Jo.. Homctopauiic Chemists,
London, England.
IN AMERICA.■
HO competition tewt vAMp, Wy CTXOr iruirumen~e. i .
REDUCED PRICES, SPECIAL OFFERS.
PIANOS $200* I ORGANS $65.
fl—ffiPprigfat. 8 Stringed-1 Four Sets Betdx Keren
Stops. Couple:;. Fins Caw.
OR-ALL FREIGHT PAID.
.
are of Cash pxid. SIX SPECIAL OFFERS. Send for
Fteo Paper,* Sharps and Flsta," «*viag full tafoanstian.
LUDDEN & BATES*
SOUTHEM MUSIC HMK, SAVAKIAH, 0A.
CLARKE COUNTY MORTGAGE SHERIFF
SALE.
TTTill be sold before the Court Hbuse door to
_Vr Athens,_ Clarke county, Ga., on^the^ first
VV Athens, Clarke county, Ga., <
Tuesday In January, ■ 1889, a certain
appurtenan ea lying and being in
ens, Clarke countr, Ga , and knunu » uio
ens Ice Works consisting of <he building,
tainery and all appurtenances- belonging to
l lee works near toe Northeastern Railroad
Athi
mac)
said Ice Works near the Northeastern Railroad
Depot In said clty of ’Atoens. Levied eta as toe
property < f S. Hexing r & co. to satisfy a mort-
gage A fa Issued from Clarke Superior Court In
Tavorof Rosa D. Hull against S.RexlngerS Co.
Property pointed out by pk
this n to day of November, l.
John 1
7eir, Sheriff.
CLARKR SHERIFF SALE.
Wat 8 sold before the Court Bouse door In
Athens, Ga, di
e first Tu ’
resflay In January, Ji
of sale,
e foliow-
Washington, Dec- 4.—Postmaster-
Grover Cleveland.
Washington,D. C,,l)ee. 3d, l»88.
|of Mrs. Rebecca oulp, and street running north
end south froraiElberton road to Athens Check
Factory and Oconee river, south by street and
land ot Mrs. HammoBtree, west m street and
branch running to Trail creek, north by land of
IF. C. Carr. Levied on and to be sold aa toe
property of J F. Butler, under and by virtura
of a mortgage fits issuedifromthe Superior
court of said county attoeNovember Term 1888,
in favoriol L. J, Miller vs. J. F. Butler Notice
of levy given to tenant in possession, this 29th
^^^Otoyeutber. 18S8. .
« PISOS CURE FOR
PIso’s Cure for Con
sumption is also the beet
Cough Medicine.
If you have a Cough
without disease of the
Tilings, a few doses are r11
you need. But if you ne
glect this easy means of
safety, the slight Cough
may become a serious
matter, and several bot
tles will be required.
X