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SOUTHERN BANNER: MARCH 19, 1878.
The Revenue Service.
SoutlKrn , T _ is lmportanl
■ ■ ■ —— i duty devolving upon Congress than
H. H. CARLTON, - Editor, j the thorough investigation and regu-
i lation of the revenue and expendi-
| tures of our government Especially
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,,1^9
Ex Gov. R. B. Bullock, 1 as been
elected Secretary and Treasurer of
the Atlanta Cotton Factory, vice M.
B. Berry, resigned.
Some of the Washington corres
pondents of Southern newspapers
predict that Congress will not adjourn
until August.
The Tiirco-Russiau treaty has been
published and embraces tweiity-nine
articles of agreement. Russia dictates
and Turkey now obe\s.
After a lapse of nearly a hundred
years, General Greene, ot Revolu
tionary fame, is to have a monument
erected to his memory by the gov
ernment.
See what the Silver hill is doing
for the country. “ There is at this
time an unusually great demand at
New York for United States bonds,
and a large portion of the demand is
for four per cents”
Mr. Gibson (Democrat) of Louisi
ana has introduced a bill in Congress
providing a commission to supervise
the construction of works for the
improvement ot navigation on the
Mississippi river.
Reports from all parts of the coun
try state that business prospects are
reviving. Good results no douht of tax|? 4 This we learn is hot a single
revenue laws,’’ sinee as now imposed
and conducted they have become, in
most instances, a most unjust and
flagrant outrage upon the people.
While we have ever been opposed to
this wdiole system of taxation as un
wise, unjust, onerous and expensive,
as we will endeavor to show in the
course of this article, yet onr attention
is called thereto, and we induced
to notice the subject at tliis particular
time, by reason of a most outrageous
imposition which has recently been
practiced upon one of the citizens of
Oconee county by the internal reve
nue collector of this district, Mr.
D. B. Jackson residing in that coun
ty, iuforms us that In 1872 or 1873,
(we forget which year) he obtained
licenses to distill a portion of his
peach crop into brandy, for which he
paid the cash, amounting to some
thirty odd dollars, and for which he
held the collectors receipt. Within
the hist month or so, this same col
lector made a demand upon Mr.
Jackson for, what he termed, a de
ficit tax, amounting, with interest at
one per cent, per month, to some
thirty more dollars, making the whole
amount paid hy him something over
sixty dollars. Now we would like
to know by what infernal law, or
what infernal construction of the law
this collector had the right to collect
a deficit tax out of Mr. Jackson, and
then require him to pay an interest
thereon of one per cent, a month,
for four or five years, when such a
claim had never during that time
been presented, nor was he aware
that he was due any such additional,
or deficit tax ? Mr. Jackson, de
murred to this claim, when the col
lector forced him to pay it by threat
ening to levy upon what ever property
ho could fiml in his possession or
upon his premises. Another ques
tion arises just here ; what authority
has a revenue collector to levy upon
the property of any one, even for the
collection of the original or first license
the Silver bill and the tending re
storation of confidence in business
circles.
Nine hundred dollars was received
at the Treasury Department on Mon
day the 11th inst., through the Exec
utive Mansion, to lie placed to the
credit of the conscience fund. The
disgorger failed to sign his name, but
he hails from Boston.
A bill has been offered in Congress
declaring the right of the State to tax
bonds issued hy the United States just
as the other property of citizens is
taxed. Hie bill will not become a law
during this session of Congress ; but it
is a movement in the right direction
and wili ultimately he successful. The
people are tired of supporting the
Government for the benefit of a few
privileged classes.
case of such gross and unjust impost
tion, but that it is a usual custom or
practice with this, as well os other
revenue collectors. Certainly such
laws, susceptible of such unjust en
forcement, should be looked into and
reformed or repealed, and such offi
cers looked after and be made to
answer for their conduct.
During the civil war between the
North and the South, and in 1861
Congress passed the “internal revenue
law ” by which twenty millious of
dollars were to he annually raised
from direct taxes on houses and lands
in eacli of the States and Territories,
for the purpose of conducting the
war. Subsequently, and to meet the
large debt incurred by the war, not
only houses and lands were taxed but
almost every sort of property and
business. Licenses were required Un
persons to carry on their professions,
evil to the couutry in the manufac
ture and use of ardent spirits, yet we
are free to state, that in our humble
opinion the present system of at
tempting to suppress this evil by
revenue laws ahd interference on the
part of the general government, is
not only futile, but attended with the
additional evils of a constant violation
of the laws and a most unjust expense
to the tax-payers of the country.
So far experience proves that the
system has not in ihe least abated
the evil. And again, the whole
amouut of revenue arising from
license tax, and fines imposed upon
violators of t lie law, wo dare sa v, falls
far short of the expense of supporting
the courts, the numerous assessors,
collectors, marshals, and other officers
and deputies necessary for carrying
out the system, thus imposing an
additional tax upon the people, merely
for the support of an inaffective and
expensive branch of the government,
which only serves to furnish positions
for innumerable higlily-pnid officials.
Then why continue this useless, ex
pensive and oppressive system ?
There is uo revenue to the govern
ment, no abatement of the evil, nor
suppression of crime. Then sis an
act of justice, as an act of economy
and wise public policy, yea, and as a
great moral and temperance measure,
we would away with the present, and
adopt instead, a free, unlicensed sys
tem, only requiring of those who saw-
fit to distill their grains or fruits inlo
whiskies and brandies, To pay, to a
proper collecting officer, a tax of 25
cents per gallon. In considering
the moral, social and governmental
welfare of a free and intelligent peo
ple, we should never lose sight of the
fact, that it is best for them that they
be governed as little as possible, or
rather that they govern themselves
as much as possible, and that as few
officials as possible be allowed to live
on the fruits of other people's labor.
Let it be remembered that the prin
ciple and habit of public economy
should be the high duty of govern
ment. The handling of public funds
often times, is a stiong temptation to
men of week moral character and much
more demoralizing than the acquire
ment of private wealth, iu legiti
mate ways. Then the surlier the
revenue or public funds, consistent
with the general development and
necessities of the country, the better,
and such arrangements should be
made by the government as to reduce
public expenses to the lowest point,
that republican simplicity, that official
honesty ar.d integrity may every
where obtajn.
The Macon Telegraph speaking of j lra,,u or lmsine ^ tIcc “ is . mortgages,
(he race for Governor being made on j nolo ' i ’ bonds, bank-checks, and papers
the Independent line, says': We trust j ° f al,nnst every kiiul were invalid
it may be many a long day before ! lll, * css *bey had a revenue stamp
unless
the great Democratic party sliail be I n ! H,n 'hem. Manufacturers had to
broken up into*personal factions, and 1 J: D a cer *- a * n per-ceutage ot " hat-
such an office as that of our Chief j cver thc ^ nlade * Scarce) y any calling.
Magistrate be made the
promiscuous scrub race.
coal of a
Secretary John Sherman still
shows his antagonism to the Silver
bill, by professing bis inability to
carry out the provisions of that
measure without further legislation.
He wants a commissioner appointed
to buy Silver bullion and suggests
several difficulties in the way of the
practical operations of the now silver
law-. The best way for Congress to
meet Secretary Sherman on these
points, is to request him “ to down
and out ” that some one who has the
true interest of the couutry and not
that tf the bond-holders, at heart
may be appointed, and who will
justly and fairly carry out the objects
for which this law was enacted.
trade, profession, or business escaped
it, directly or indirectly. Under
this system of taxation and in order
to carry out the provisions of the
internal revenue laws, an immense
army of ^officers was created, who,
were paid enormous aud most extrav
agant salaries and commissions. So
oppressive and expensive did this
system of taxation prove, that after
a few years of struggling endurance
most of this cumbrous aud costly ma
chinery was abolished. But still this
revenue tax is imposed upon much of
the products and business of the
country, especially in the South.
Among these still existing imposi
tions, is the revenue tax or license
upon all distillations of whiskey,
brandy and other alcoholic liquors.
Now while we recognize the - great
Altogether Too Premature.
The following most pertinent para
graph appeared in the Waynesboro
Expositor of a recent date:
With the Constitution, we do not
know whether Governor Colquitt de
sires a second term, aud that it is too
soon even for him to commence
thinking about the next election.
Should lie, however, do so, it will he
in accordance with custom, and we are
of the opinion that thcTCacceptability,
honesty and efficiency of his adminis
tration will induce the people to con
sult his wishes in this respect.
We entirely agree with the intelli
gent observations of our worthy con
temporary as to tho character of this
discussion ot the gubernatorial suc
cession of which we now see so much
iu our State exchanges, and that the j
agitation of the question as to who
shall succeed the jyesent incumbent is
altogether too premature and out of
place. We will not he so uncharita
ble as to suppose that what has
already been said about, who is to be
the next Governor of Georgia, has
been inspired by an unfriendly spirit
toward Governor 5 (?61c(uitt. If it litas,
we are free and prompt to say, that
this is a great blunder on the part of
those who are disposed thus to move
ia tbisnaattee.fejeai^nsstift
them from wliat we know of public
sentimetat throughout the State, that
the excellent man who now presides
over us as Governor was never stronger
than he is at the pr?s?nt time.. Our ad
vice is’ to adjdhtn dll this’ premature agi
tation of the gubernatorial question,
and let us join our efforts with those ot
Governor Colquitt in his noble w ork of
advancing the great interests of onr
much loved commonwealth. < 1 .w -
Explanatory.
The reply of Capt. J. E. Ritch to
an article of Mr. Emory Speer’s in the
Southern Watchman ot the 5th inst.,
and which appeared in our last issue as
an advertisement, having elicited an
unfortunate newspaper controversy, and
Capt Ritch having applied to us to
publish his reply to Mr. Speer’s ar
ticle in the last issue of the Watchman,
it is due to him as well as ourselves to
state that we have declined to do so.
This we have done, not that we desire
to do Capt. Ritch the least injustice by
denying hint the privelige of the Ban
ner in setting himself right before the
public, but simply because it is con
trary to our rule—and our idea of true
journalism, to allow the use of our
columns to any one for personal or
unpleasant controversy.
The University of The South.
After the Winter vacation the next
session of this institution will begin on
Thursday the 14th of March. As our
readers are aware, it is situated iu Ten
nessee, on the Nashville and Chatta
nooga Railroad, eight miles from
Cowan Station, and under the control
of the Protestant Episcopal Church.
It gives us pleasure to note, from
the lust catalogue, that the prosperity
of this University still continues. In
a salubrious climate, with an excellent
corps of professors and a fine discipline,
it takes rank with the first institutions
in the United States. We beg to call
tlte attention oLour readers to its pecu
liar features drtnad vantages. Daring
the past year two hundred and twelve
students from all the Southern States
have been in attendance.
When contrasting the continued
prosperity of an institution with no
permanent endowment,'as the Univer
sity of the South, with the depleted
numbers our State University, at
which, at the present moment, only
about one hundred students attend, we
are not entirely satisfied, that the
Committee, which was charged by the
last Board of Trustees, have as yet
arrived at the true source of the rea
sons why this should be so. It would,
therefore, he well, in our opinion, to
bestow further attention to this subject,
by ail those interested. It is perfectly
incomprehensible why an institution
which has so larg" an endowment as
our State Univer.-i . should so languish,
aud finally be p rmitted to die. In
this connection we learn, with pleasure,
that a movement is ou foot to ventil
ate this whole matter, at the Fall ses
sion of the Georgia State Agricultural
Society, which is to be held at Athens;
and we would suggest that Colonel
Frank Schaller, of the University of
the South, be invited to address the
meeting on this subject. Colonel
Schaller is thoroughly acquainted with
the working of universities, and would,
no doubt, give some most valuable
suggestions.
We extract the above from the
Chronicle <0 Constitutionalist, and
agree with the writer, that it is an
important inquiry,_ as to why this
institution, with no permanent en
dowment should so far excel onr
rather liberally endowed State Uni
versity, in the number of students in
attendance. We greatly trust the
investigation instituted by the Board
of Trustees last summer will result in
finding the tine cause of the difficulty
with our much loved University, anf.
that the sure remedy will at once b<
applied. We most cheerfully endorse
the suggestion of tiie Chronicle <£•
Constitutionalist, that Col. Schaller
be requested to address Use Georgia
Stale Agricultural Snooty on the
subject of Universities and their
management, but would amend by
suggesting that lie also be requested
! to give bis views on ibis subject to
the committee who have the matter
directly under advisement. Col.
Schaller is certainly very familiar
with the management of European
Universities, and no doubt would be
X-
,T. G. R’USSEL.L,, EDITOR.
It is the Phi Kappa’s year to have
the presidency of the Moot Parlia
ment.
There was a bloodless duel between
two members of the Senior class last
week.
Our friend and fellow Phi Kappa,
R. D. Calloway, has returned to col
lege after a visit home of two weeks
durations. • ' • * '*•
Order.
It is with much pleasure we an
nounce the recovery of our brother
Phi-Kappa Dupont, who is rapidly
convalescing and we hope will soon
be able to resume his college duties.
The debate last Saturday was very
interesting. Nearly all the members
of the Society were out, and a large
majority participated. The subject
was, “Was Socrates moraly wrong
in drinking the fatal hemlock.”
We notice tlmt the room adjoining
Dr. Moll’s in the “ Ivy Building ’’ is
being neatly fitted up for General
Browne, who will give up his present
room to the Minei alogieal Depart
ment.
Dr. Mell commenced his lectures
on parliamentary law last Wednesday.
There was a large attendance of the
students. There were also present
Dr. Lane and Rev. Messrs. Campbell
and Hammond. Dr. Mell will lecture
every Tuesday, Wednesday and
Thursday until further notice.
We heartily endorse the remarks
that appeared in the Chronicle last
week about the repairing the halls of
debating societies. The cost of re
pairing the Demoslhenian hall is far
too much to be borne by the students.
We heartily sympathize with our
neighbors. Our hall at present, we
are glad to say, needs very little
work.
During the absence of General
Browne the seniors have been profit
ing by a series of very interesting
and instructive lectures from Dr.
Tucker on composition. These are
delivered in that informal and con
versational style of which the Doctor
makes such happy use, conveying
instruction without weariness, and
being profound without dullness.
Good order is absolutely necessary
for attaining success as a debating
society, it not only confers dignity
upon our proceedings, but adds in-
terest to our debate. It is a fact
that can not be denied that those
members who take the least interest
in the debates, are the ones wl 10
create the greatest disturbances.
The mind will find employment and
when not engaged in some laudable
undertaking it must be engaged in
something that is trifling or annoying
Let, him who is inclined to be
disorderly rffoct. that lie not only
dues himself, but all his companions a
serious injury. And that he violates
that constitution he has promised to
uphold, and the requirements of
which he has promised to comply
with, and we arc sure this will | )C
sufficient to deter all true Phi Kappas
from breaches of order in the future.
Base Ball.
We notice with pleasure the popu
larity of this manly exercise with the
students of the University. Rase
ball we believe is a game of purely
American origin. But saying noth
ing as to its origin or history we
would say a word as to its benefits
There is no amusement so advanta
geous to those who engage in it as
base hall. When engaged in with
proper spirit it brings into play every
muscle of the body.. “ Running the
bases” will cause the chest to ex
pand—a full supply of fresh, pure air
to be taken into the lungs. Hence
it is an unsurpassed developer of
physique; And it is' not a merely
mechanical sport—calling for no
exercise of the mental faculties.
Coolness, promptness and quickness
of decision are indispensable to the
successful player. We hope then
more attention will be paid to this
exercise in the future than has been
done in the past. We have no gym
nasium for athletic exercise, aud even
if we had, this is equally us good.
But one club is not enough. We
have among us material sufficient for
organizing two good clubs. When
this is done and good ground selected
the rivalry between the two would
make this sport most interesting and
exciting.
Young ladies may now confiden
tially expect proposals for a co
partnership from enthusiastic seniors.
Dr. Mell in remarks on marriage
recently, advised all to marry and as
soon as possible, and demonstrated
very clearly that two can live cheaper
than one. These remarks seem to
have produced a marked impression
as we noticed a handsome young offi
cer of the cadets lingered after this
class was dismissed, as if lie wished
to satisfy himself that be bad not
The celebrated Charles James Fox,
said to a young man just entering
Parliament, that if he desired to be
come a great orator and had the
genius and feeling from nature, all he
had to do was to speak often and
learn to think on his feet. In those
few words Fox gave the method by
which be became the most brilliant
debater t lie world ever saw. As some
one remarks, his proficiency was
gained at the expense of his hearers.
Every night, and on every subject,
year after year he was upon bis feet,
until his thoughts flowed more readi-
misunderstood the Dr. and came 1 *. v * n t,ial position than in ar v other,
away looking as if he wished be had I do not mean, however, nor do
shown this along time ago. j suppose that Fox meant a man
— - | was to speak without preparation.
Our Demostlienian friends say we I Always devote as much time us nossi-
“ would disparage their prosperity by ! blc to thought on your subject, and
o;«* own in comparison.” Our friends with something to set the .-m am of
do us an injury in this statement, j thought flowing you will find the
\\ c distinctly stated when we made ! task of learning to think on your feet
a comparison ot the two Societies, j comes easier.
that we did it not for the purpose of
disparagement but only to show onr
own increased prosperity. IIow much
our neighbors would suffer, for by
comparison it might be considered
fulsome iu us to say.
They say, “ We had more seniors
able to furnish the committee with ^ I:U1 l * ie ^ * ast y ear and ir -ore
of others who did not return the
many valuable suggestions on this ail
important subject. Some two years
since he prepared quite an able paper
on this subject which was read with
much interest throughout the conn-
try, auft (fom the interest he is known
to feel in onr State University and
its success, we feel assured that he
would gladly contribute every assis
tance in his power towards raising it
to that stapda^d. whuiii ..our, whole
people- now^so much ^^sire to see it
attain. , . » v .i .’. .
The Marquis of Hamilton, eldest
son of the- Duke of Abcrcorn, took
the Order of the Garter to King
Humbert of Italy.
present session; hence, the differ
ence.” It seems from this our friend*
are fond cf comparisons. O, consis
tency, thy name is man. But in com
paring confine yourselves to Repres
ent. Ffty years ago we might have been
double our friends in numbers. But
they “ had more of those who did
not return the present session,” this
very foieibly reminds us of the boy’s
composition on pins, who, enlarging
upon their usefulness said many lives
had been saved by people not swal
lowing them. Our friend’s wish to
place cl ifteir lists of members those
who have not nor may never return
to college.
There is one idea which sliouhi be
carefully guarded against ami lliat is
that practice will enable a m m to
speak on a subject about which be
knows nothing or to speak on any
subject unless bis mind is well stored
with information. You might as
well expect a stream,in to which no
boils or rills, or bidden streamlets
find their way, to flow on with full
and undiminished current to the sea.
If then you would be a great orator
or debater open your minds to infor
mation from all sources, and at every
opportunity, store up the treasures of
knowledge for which you will find
abundant use.
Valentine Baker, formerly colo
nel in the British army, and since
appointed to an official position in
the Turkish army, denies that he
either has been relieved of his com
mand or resigned. He has simply
been furloughed, and his position re
mains unchanged.