Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

SOUTHERN Notes from the State Capi tal. The Georgia. Geological Department anti its [From thf 8anfier»»iUe Herald.] In a foiracr leU$»? referred to the AgriariMrel and ^Geological offio**'fi» v barosenP* bat I 'Snd-^j idfcmtooe to the that they should fcamlwmle of fwffiter dignity. The n|pr tMgoates them as partraents,” and l shall so stylethem ggives. Tlie word “bureau^ W] The not popular in the South,-either with the white or the black race. • 'fhe f^hih^-have known it chiefly Uy^aaflBliflB gilil their political and social humiliation, and the latter from sad experience of one of the most shameless and cruel frauds that vil lainy ever practiced upon ignorance and credulity. Therefore, I shall have nothing more to say about bureaus in Georgia; and whether that excellent officer, our Agricultural Commissioner, considers himself ot- fended or not, I here take occasion to ask his forgiveness for the past use of his name in so odious a connec tion. As promised, I proceed to a brief consideration of the object and operas tions of the Geological Department, which, in connection with that al ready referred to, is doing so much in the cause of public enlightment on the subject of our natural resources, and their practical development. In January 1839, by authority ot the Legislature of the year previous, a State Geologist was appointed by the Governor, in the person of the late Dr. John R. Getting, and the sum of $10,000 was appropriated to enable him to carry on his work. The result was not satisfactory to the peo ple, from a number of causes which no longer exist, and in December, 1840, the office was abolished. Although frequently urged thereto by several Governors, and especially by the State Agricultural Society, it was not until the session of 1874, under the administration of Governor Smith, that the Legislature could be swamp so dark and dreary that he has not penetrated its recesses and startled its wild inhabitants by Ids presence. From the oliffi, of toeke junj^aieif «1» OkeBnoka* h^ has mastered the whole 8tstc an«f SINNER mm APRIL 16. 1878. found on tho continent, and inexhaus tible is ite sepfdy; iron ores ''i/NdT' variety and of a richness not extract l have made from the statute covers^in a few words, the v’holc range of duties of our State Geologist, and I cannot give to the - hettaii ihlli hotm millers. It is the facility with which induced to take action for the revival* the orp is mined* It is the ease with of the office. On the 27th day of February of that year, an act was approved creating the office of “State Geologist of the State of Georgia,’’ and authorizing the Governor to ap point a competent person to this of fice, to be confirmed by the Senate. The act requires the State Geologist “ to make a careful and complete geological mincralogical, and physical survey of the state ; to enter npon records to be kept for that purpose in his office, an accurate statement of the locality and extent of all water- powers, woods, roads, springs, and watcr-couses, and the climate, and the general physical character of the country; to collect, analyze, and clas sify specimens of minerals, plants, and soils, and enter the same on record ; to cause to be preserved in a museum, specimens illustrating the geology, mineralogy, soils, plants, valuable woods, and whatever else may be discovered in Georgia of scientific or economical value.” Such were the duties attached to this office, tho importance of which ought to be obvions to every intelli gent citizen of the State. Governor Smith was careful ; n his selection of an officer for their performance, and it was not until September of that year (1874) that be made] choice of Dr. George Little, then a professor >u the University of Mississippi, who immediately organized Us official corps and entered upon the duties of his office. And most fortunate was the selection. Dr. Little is young, intelligent, learned, energetic, faith* fal, and thoroughly enthused with his profession. He is the very sort of man that Georgia needed to give a grand impulse to her new enterprise, aud inspire public interest in its sue* cess. Crammed with scientific knowledge, genial ns a sunbeam in May, withal, tough as iron, the ardu ous duties and exposure of the geo logical office conld hot have fallen upon one more competent to bear the harden, and to bear it gracefully. There is no mountain so tall and rugged that he has not consulted his ohtonometer at its very summit; no done by that officer than by paying that they have all beep faithfully per formed. Within the brief period of a little over three yoars, every part of the State- has been explored, and nearly every one of the one hundred and thirty-seven counties examined and surveyed. The cabinets of miner als, ores, fossils, marls, woods, etc.,etc., collected within that time and by a small working force, is simply mar vellous. Tliqugh scarcely begun, we doubt if any State in the Union can rival it either in quantity or quality. To particularize would require more room than you can spare in your columns, and I mu<t of necessity, confine my remarks to a few leading features of the exhibition, as illustrat ing the development already made of the vast resources of the State. The great gold belt has been traced from that point where it enters the State from North Carolina across nearly to the line ot Alabama and the discoveries have given a new im pulse to the business of mining. The appreciation of mineral lands, as a consequence, is already incalculable. His views on this great interest were recently given to a reporter of the Atlanta Constitution, anil they are of such general interest that I cannot do better than insert them just here. The Dr says : “ It is not the quantity of irold that makes a section valuable to thfcr minerals arts. Among tfie pre* do us stones we have diamonds, opal, beryl, ruby, amethist agate, so largely employed in the nnniiftfitnr# of j4w* elry. Limestone of the best neariy every variety of mar the miest statuary to the Seed! tot Seed in ■re.Fwsh, i our stock. HAIR r.'ii The fourth lot sineo October lost. Onr DRUGS, Paints, * - Lead, ATTORNEY AT UW, Garnesville, Os. -villa, Go. Office in former Ordinary's Offioe. jan25-1876-ly Largest Stove the Heaviest ic*in Athens. * jAH0I7JR o - miam. DlkUolUiOt Special Twtehtion paid to criminal „proci For reference bddIv to Ex-Gov."TT It. W ,«d to a For* refereuce apply' to Ex-Gov. "TTH. Watts and Hon. David Clopton, Montgomery, Ala. Office over Post-Office Athens, Ga. febS-187o-tf JOHN W. OWEN. ATTORNEY AT LAW, Pope garrow Itros.,' ATTORNEYS AT Office over Tulmadge, liodgso jan4-ly at, osyrzfsOT’' The Leading Hotel of the City. Noted for its cleanliness, and the excellence of its table. 1 VM-d n Hie Proprietor solicits from the citizens pt iy have hcrciofon? given him. q.F. BBOiWgjl t octl6 lm. Proprietor. t 1 which it can be sent to market, with the cheapness of labor. It is the nearness of timber and watercourses. It is the healtlifnlness of the climate and facility with which provisions may be procured. In. all these points Georgia excels. A ton of ore in the Black Hills of twice the richness is not worth as much as a ton of ore in Georgia. A mine of enormous richness ia of little value if it is ill the heart of an impen etrable, or dangerous, or malarious region. Lumps of gold might exist at the North Pole without being of any practical value. Now the gold in North Georgia is in a perfectly accessible region. It is penetrated by first class railways, and by short and reliable hack lines. Every part of it is civilized, and con venient to cities. And, better than all, the gold lies near to the surface, and is easily reached by the miner. The timber needed to run the furnaces is right at hand, and pro curable cheap. The climate is the best in the world and is a famous resort for invalids. The water-courses that pour dowo theJkills give the best possible power. It is necessary to transport only a short distance, while in California it is frequently carried fifty and one hundred, miles. Labor is cheap and easily procurable. In fret, all the elements of cheap work? ing for gold appear to be united in this section of soft and decomposed rock. The greatest advantage however is in the fact that the most of the ore in North Georgia is partially decom posed, and is worked with great facility. Where yon would have to blaBt the quartz in California you can. work it with a pick or even a shovel. Consequently ore that is much poorer than the California ore can be mined here at a-profit, while there it would involve a loss. It does look as if nature had conspired to put the enormous amount of gold in North Georgia in the hands of the tniuer. Besides gold, copper has been brought to light in great abundance as fine bitumitioui coal as can be “Whips, kaoljn and, other miitcjfld* that enter largely into our commerce. Ovpr two hundred specimens of dit* ferent kinds of wood, the koatural products of tho State havj^Jjeen col lected, many of them of «a richness that proves that Georgia need never send abroad for any variety that is necessary for shade or for the arts. Our walnut and our curled pine n.c unrivaled in beauty hy the'maliogany or maple of oilier countries. As of local iutcrest, I may mention that in the good old county of Wash ington have been developed by tbjs survey, sources of wealth? of whioji her own people have never dreamed. Within less than two miles of San- dersville lies a bed of tlie fines^ quali ty of marl in quantity sufficient to enrich every field in the county and • readily accessible. Green and blue j marls exist in other looali(ies in the ] county. Near Warthen’s store are deposits of opal, of the most beautiful variety. The Central Railroad runs through a stratum of agate not fir from Tenuille. Tile clay of the best kind is abundant nine miles north of of the Court House and finest sandstone, for buildings, abopuds in the couuty. V But I am makiug my letter toy long, and must stop lest I tire, lhe reader and unduly encroach qo youf space. I have said nctlyag q£ „tjhe unrivaled water- power W^iirState, I all of which will be set forth in the I coming report of the Geologist, and when known, attract thousands of STABLE, counties of tke West- of the Northern >ion to ail claims •1875-ly. ATTORNEY AT LAW, . Athens, Go. Prompt attention given to all business and j|lM .ytrm**|P<y«(i',l!y fo}icit£|J J jadl|f j| Lamar »* t b BL.A.OECSJStfXTIi’S TWO SHOPS FOR 1877. One :»t the oh! stand in front ot Messrs. GANN & REAVES, The other on the road to tlie upper bridge end opposite Mr. JOHN Z. COOPEli’S, Livery Stable. We have first class workmen HORSE SHOEHTG of every description, Plating and Concave Shoes Manufactured to order. WAGONS, BUGGIES, CARRIAGES, And all kinds of , c ,Wi ffiTW’"- & II. COBB, ’. i f l (Irtaibiv&i 14 (law. » j || Athens, Ga SOffiee in Deuprec Budding, w)ti»wwpiy" ■■■■ 1 ni — a m m—» « Alex S. Erwin. {Andrew J. Cobb. JjtnwiN & COBB, ITTUMtTS AT LAW. Athens, Ga Office on Corner of Broad and Thomas streets, over Childs, Nickerson & Co. feb22-l 876-1 y ^8U T McCUKRY, Atkomay seb Lnr, Hartwell, Georgia, Will practice in the Superior Courts of North east Georgia and Supreme Court at Atlanta. Aug 8. 1876 tf Jakes R. Lyle, Watkinsville. Alex. S. Ekwjv, Athens. plements ret. jan9-tf. Machines and Iin red on short notice. foreign spindles to out' creeks and rivers. Nor have I spoken of the State now in course of preparation in the Department, and which will be the completcst most accurate that has ever been published. As a work of art, it will be a beauty, aud give a better idea of the geography of Georgia, than any that have preceded it. In size it is the same with Butt's new map, and'in addition to ordinary features, will contain every highway, post-office, factory, grist mill, church, bridge and ferry in the State. i I have said enough to show tho importance of this branch of .our executive goveromeut to the charac ter and material progress of the State, and the corresponding duty of the people to sustain it as a perman ent institution. Although much has been done, the great work of the Department still lies ahead. The minute surveys of the several counties of the State are yet to tnfide, and a complete topographical and geologi cal map of each. Time will lie re quired for this important work, and each year will bring its new devel- ments, and add its qoota to the gen eral prosperity and wealth. As an agency for promoting immi gration alone, the Geological Depart ment is a most valuable institution. Its limited publications have already attracted a large share of public at tention toward Georgia, as evidenced by the hundreds of letters it receives monthly, from persons enquiring after Southern homes and investments. DERISTRY. TO MX PATRONS IN ATIIKNS AND VICINITY. I WILL BEIN YOUR CITY ON A PRO- feasional visit Monday, April 1st, to remain until Wednesday, May 1st, and continue to anend every third month with you. Will,also slate that 1 have* new plate of my own mate, for artificial teeth, that is far superior In every respect to Rather or Celluloid, and in some re spects preferable to gold, that 1 can make at a coat very little above that of the cheapest mate rials, and I warrant every piste to be just as represented. Respectfully, KG. HOLLAND, ap2-tf Dentist, Atlanta, Ga. LIVERY AND SALE Thomw S-b-„ Athtnn, Ga. J. Z. COOPER, Proprietor. Good and Gentle Hone*, Carriages, Buggies, (top and no top) Phaetons, <te., «fce., for hire. Careful Drivers scut with teams when desired. DROVERS Are reminded that I have ample Stable Room, Clean Stalls and Extensive lot for their accom modation. Give ine n call. (fj) J. Z. COOPER. jun292m. * THE WHITE SEWING MACHINE J YLE dfc ERWIN, A TTORNEVS A T LA IF. Will practice jn partnership in the Superior Court of Oeoncc County, njnl attend promptly to all business intrusted to their care.,. jan9-3m. JACKSON ATOMA-il i”' 1 ~ ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Athens, Ga. Office South West Corner of College Avenue nud Clayton Street, also at the Court House. All parties desiring Criminal Warrants, can get them at any time by applying to the Concty Solicitor at this office. decl6-1874-t f R, T. NELMS, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Harmony Grove, Jackson County, Ga., Will practice iu the Sifperior Courts of Jack- son, Madison, Banks and Clarke counties. Special attention given to collection of claims. Refers to Judge A. M. Speer, Griffin, <>o., and Hon. J. T. Speuc-e, Jonesboro’, Ga. oet9-tf. W M- LITTLE, ATTORNEY AT LAW, opl8-1878-tf Carnesville, Ga. BT7SZSTSSS CAItSS. rjt' A. 1LEB, WxtnhnnkoT 8c tT*w*lox> At Micliael’storc, next door to Reaves & Nich olson's, Broad street, Athens, Georgia. All work warranted 12 months. septl2-tf. 6UAS. O. JONES, JR. JOISTHJS K. E. i:vb. <5C BVE1, Said to be the lightest-running^ ‘ the most beautiful, cheapest, Best, and largest Sewing Machine in the world. Ladies and the public are invited to call and ffie, at tho Office, m door to Wm. McDowell's,T) -flegfe Aveitftc. J. BANCROFT, Agent, feb5-ly. • PIANO AND ORGAN Lumdkw A Baxes hold the field and compete with the world. 1.000 Superb Instruments from .Reliable Makers at Factory Rates. Every man nls own agent. Bottom prices to all. New Planna. $135, $150, $170. New Organ a, $10. $50. $67. Six aU»iW3. > honest truth, and beat bargains in the U. 8. From ■ $50 to $100 actually saved in buying from LeMea * Bates’ Wholesale Plano and Organ Depot. He. ' " fcblD-lm. raaaah, Ga. nyc abasia' Dealer* Monuments A ND TOMBSTONES, CBADLB-TOOMBS, Marble and Granite Box Toombs. A Gnat Reduction in Prices. the Marble Yard, adjoining Reaves & Nich- tlon 4 wntg ■» copy. Weekly edlti olson’s cotton warehouse, Athena, Ga. conv. IUM N*W YORK june20-tf. ATTORNEYS AND MSKLL9R8 AT 3.AW SIBLEY’S NEW BUILDING, 241 BROAB STREET, AUGUSTA, OEOBfllA. o6-6in the ^E\y yc|Hif WEEKLY HERAIID JANES GORDON BENNETT, Preprietor.; Newspaper Published, S’RSTEB. ONE BOLLAi ‘CLAIM to have the Finest Ar ranged anil most Elegantly Fininhed Cook Stove Mann, fact a red I I CLAIM that I can Furnish thy Best Tinware in the State at Cheap as -inferior-Tinware is tiow eofd «t iA Athonf f ' CAN Substantiate the above claims and would be pleased to do so to any one desiring to purchase. Call and be convinced at the SIGN OF THE BIG COFFEE POT. Broad Street, Athens, Georgia. J. C. WILKINS, aug7-Sm , Ahead of All G- 0. ROBINSON. FteR YEAH, 50 CENTS FOR 6 MONTH to every Club < Published every day in thejyeei Free. Fost T*-^ SLLiw • _ flO psysTSrTOfyCTl'pBnNUO V Included. SS pays for one year, without Sundays. SB pan tor six months, Suadays included : ; $4 pays for six months, without Sundays. S2 paysfor one year for any specified day'el ta week. pwMMgii-—nm to——lirt 1 pays for one month, Sundays included. NEWSDEALERS SUPPLIED. dfet M<- H as jsut rktcrnkd from a visit amongthe Principal PIANO and ORGAN factories in New York, Boston and otlicr cities- having arranged for the Largest aud most com. plete assortment ever offered South, at prices ABSOLUTELY BEYOHD’COMPETITION! Low Prices Quick s ALE« Musical Instruments > ff SVEJJT VARl VARIETY. I THE LATEST PUBLICATIONS. Musical Merchandise, Acd overything pertaining to a J First Cltm Music. Reuse. TUNING AND REPAIRING, PIANOF, Church, Pip«$afiRaMxjffifc;and allk>nd>ct Musical Instruments Tuned and Repaired b? Mr. C. H. T.iytor, lhebest skilled and om i J the most thorough workmen Booth. Mr.TwIc r devoted neerly fffteeri yeito it the coortradfioa Of inatrmnentfi in tome of the best factories iu this country, find is th# Only authorized lun< r for the AUGUSTA MUSIC HOUSE. Q. O. ROBINSON & CO. 265 Broad Street, Augusta, Ga. o2-tf CXSTTZUOi HOTSZe AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.!! Mrs. W. M. THOMAS, Prop - This Hotel, so" well known to the citizona ot Clarke and adjoining Osmtteu, ta located in tie centre of the business portion of Augusts, con venient to Post Office, Veitgnph Office wid Depot, and offers inducement* to the pub ic unequaled bv any other Hotel in the City ‘OB WORK OF ALL T ESCRH'* tion neatly don# at tb” office.