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SOUTHERN BANNER: JUNE IS, 1878. Consolidation of the Reports of Crops, etc. For the Month of May, 1878. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, ATLANTA, GA., .TUNE 10 1878. CORN. The reports from the State, at large show that this crop was very prom ising on 1st June. In every section, excepting Southeast Georgia, it was in better than an average condition, and much better than last year at the same time. The rains have not been sufficiently copious to secure such rapid increase in size of stalk and curly maturity as we anticipated, but no material injury has resulted, and he promise is but little short, o the most sanguine expectations. In Southeast Georgia, the prospect is not quite so good as elsewhere, ow in'; to cool and dry weather in the early part of {May, and dry, hot weather the.lattcr half. This section usually has several inches more rain annually than the mean for State, but in the past month the rainfall was nearly three fourths of an inch less than the mean for the State. In the remaining sections, the seat sons for the month were reported— with one or two exceptions—as fa vorable. The condition of the corn crop for the State at large was 7 per cent, better than an average, and 10 per cent better than last year. OATS. This all-important crop has yielded —where harvested before 1st June— 1 per cent, less than an average, and the portion still to be harvested promises 5 per cent, less than an av erage. It has not entirely escaped rust—the injury from this source amounting to 6 per cent. In a large majority of cases, “ no rust in oats’’ is noted, and it is quite probable that in nearly if not quite a’l these cases, the variety sown was the red or yel low rust-proof oat. In Southwest and East Georgia, where this variety is almost exclu sively grown, the injury from rust was respectively 3 and 2 per cent; in North 8, and Middle Georgia 9 per cent. The falling off in the oat crop is due chiefly to the compara tive failure of the winter and spring sown. Many correspondents say “ foil sown oats fine—spring sown,’’ a failure or “cutoff by drouth, won’t get high enough to cut,’’ and generally the rust is confined to the spring sown. The experience of the la-t several years has demonstrated that the va riety known as yellow or red rust proof is all that is claimed for it— parctieally rust-proof, and that spring sown oats are too uncertain to be re lied on for a crop. On the one hand is the danger of drouth in May, and on the other, rust, which is generally developed under circumstances not otherwise unfavorable to a good yield: i. e., when the air is moist and warm. Farmers should profit by these teach ings, and sow the oat crop in- No vember, October, or September, according to latitude—as they plant corn in February, March or April ; that is to say, where the main crop of corn is plain ed in. April, oats should be sown in September; if corn in March, then oats in October; ■and if corn in February, oats in No vember, or eat tier. By early fall sowing we reduce the -danger of winter killing to a mini- -Tnum, and at the same time secure anore rapid growth and earlier devel opment in the spring—so that the -crop is practically safe, so far as it depends on seasons, before the mois ture from the spring rains has disap peared ; and that critical period of its growth—when it is most susceptible to rust—:s sooner passed, and the •danger of rust, greatly li kened. It may be safely affirmed that no crop we grow in this climate is more un certain than spring sown oats, and none more certain than fall soviet. WHEAT. The yield of wheat—so far as har vested up to 1st of June—is less than an average—Sin JfoVtj£>Georgia, 25 per cent-; in Middle.* Georgia, 16 per cent.; in Southwest Georgia, 4 per cent., and in East Georgia, 5 per cent. The usual order is about re versed. North and Middle Georgia, usually the most certain, have fallen further below average yield than the other sections named. This result may depend on two causes. 1st. It appears by metereological observa tions made in this city, that during the month of April (though the rain fall was less than an average quantity) the temperature was higher and the moisture in the atmosphere greater than the average for this section— two circumstances favorable to the development of rust. 2d. The wheat growers of the Northern and middle sections have not been so careful in the selection of early and hardy va rieties of seed wheat, as the farmers of the Southern sections of the State, where repeated failures, on account of rust, have more effectually taught them the importance of selecting such varieties. The “ Nicarauga,’’ a variety intro duced several years since by Mr. C. D. Black, of Campbellton, has again vindicated its claims as a rust-proof wheat. It has not rusted in the last six years. The “ Early Red May,” the Purple Straw,’’ and the “ Rainey,” are also mentioned by reporters as having escaped the rust. The last named is a small grained, very early, white variety—the result of careful selection by Hon. T. F. Rainey, of Ellaville, Georgia. The average yield in the State is 87,—13 per cent, below an average about tlie same as last year; but as the acreage was 18 per cent, greater than in 1877, it is safe to say that the aggregate yield is materially greater. 7 hose farmers who have seed wheat ou hand of the varieties named above or others that have uniformly escap ed rust, will benefit the public, as well as themselves, by reserving and offering for sale their entire crops. COTTON. The stand is somewhat deficient in North Georgia, but in the state at large is good, and tlie condition of the plant as to size, work, etc., is 6 per cent belter than an average. 7 lie seasons have beeu very pro pitious, and farmers generally have their fields in good order. The plant is earlier than usual, by perhaps 8 or 10 days. Cotton blooms were reported as early as 20th May in Southern Georgia. MISCELLANEOUS. The crops of millet, rice sugar cane, chufas, potatoes, etc., as will appear by consulting Table II, are generally in good condition—exeeps ting millet and rice. ORCHARDS—DRYING FRUIT. The peach crop is unusually fine throughout the State, ami is already beginning to ripen. Fully ripe peaches were in market in Atlanta the 18th of May. The Commissioner agar: calls attention to the importance of drying large quantities of the surplus crop. It is only by giving attention to the smaller industries on the farm, and carefully utilizing every resource, however small, that we can reasonably hope to become prosperous and inde pendent. Could tlie entire surplus of culti vated fruit and wild berries, which ordinarily goes t>» w.i te, be properly preserved for fntnr use and market, the result would be absolutely as tounding. The atteir.ion of fai'mers is again directed to the different ap pliances for evaporating fruit, now offered by manufacturers. The pro duct of these evaporators is much superior to the ordinary sun-dried fruit—commanding three or four times the price in the market. “ Whereas, we have been reliably informed that traveling agents of dis tant nurseries are imposing upon the credulous in this section by selling trees and vines at exorbitant prices— from four to five limes their cost at home nurseries—under talse repre sentations; and whereas, we d ,j siie to protect the uninformed from such im positions : ^ OD Jh: "..Resolved, 7’hat we, as a society, caution our people agajnst purchasing trees or jvirofs from Unknown parties representing themselves as agents of distant nurseries, since the trees are not so well adapted to our climate as those grown in our own State, while their cost is from four hundred to five hundred per cent, higher than that of better stock at home nur series. “ Resolved,That this action is not intended to reflect upon honest nur serymen at a distance, but only upon unreliable traveling agents who im pose upon the uninformed. “ Resolved, That the Commissioner of Agriculture be requested to print these resolutions in his next monthly circular, and that the secretary be directed to furnish him with a copy of the same; also, that'the Constitu tion be requested to publish it iu full for the benefit of the truit-growers of our section.” SHEEP. There was an increase in the clip of wool of 2 per cent, over last year. - The reports show that 8 per cent, of the stock of sheep were killed bv dogs, and 3 5 per cent, died of dis ease in the last twelve months. This loss of 8 per cent, by dogs, though still leaving a very large margin of profit, has the effect to prevent in vestments in sheep, and thus keep this most profitable branch of hus bandry constantly iq,. the back ground. f There is now no constitutional obstacle in the way of sueli legislation for its protection, as has long been needed, and ?f the farmers of the State desire such legislation their wishes should be made known to their representatives. Thomas P. Janes. < niissioucr ot Agriculture. Athens Foundry & Machine W ores. ATHEITS, GEORGIA, UFACTTJIRJS I sum cit designs just received and for sale at M. G. & J. Colu n’s. fiST’M. G. & J. Cohen leaders of low prices. Railroads. Schedule Northeastern Change of Schedule. Ou and after Sunday, June lOfti, 1878, trains on this road will run us follows. Trains daily except Sunday. ... Leave Athens 7.00 A. M Arrive at Lula...; '.... 0.15 A. M. Arrive at Atlanta .t.12.00 M. Leave Atlanta via A. L. K. R 2.40 P. IT. Leave Lula. 5.25 A. M Arrive at Athens 7.45 A. M. Thin train makes close connection in evening with trains on Air Line Railroad gaiug both East and West, and in morning with trains eoumig from East and West. In addition to above, a special train will leave Lula every Saturday at 9.00 P. M., arriving ut Athens at 11.15 P. M. aud leave Athens Monday at 4.00 A. M. arriving at Lula at MO A. M. This special train connects at Lula with trains both East and West on Air Line Railroad. J. M. EDWARDS. je5-tf Superintendent. TIMES! ATLANTA 4 CHARLOETT Air-Line. CONDENSED TIME CARD. ATLANTA —TO- E3A.STJiijR3Sr OITXJHteS ! VIA RICUMOND. Leave ATLANTA 4.00 r u Arrive at Charlotte ”..6.15 p m Arrive at Danville . ”.1.16 p u Arrive ut Richmond ”’.”8.23 r n Arrive at Washington, D. C.. Via. R.. F. & P. R. R i.io A M Arrive at Baltimore..: ; 3.15 A jj Arrive at Philadelphia.; .'.! 6.40 a \i Arrive at New York. *.””9.45 a <j An ive at Boston.... !”s.S0 p w Leave Atlanta !!!;”4!oO p M Arrive at Charlotte/. .’.”.”".".*”6.15 a m (VIA. VIRGINIA MIDLAND ROUTE.) Arrive at Danville j.j3 p M Arrive at Lynchburg, " ”400 p n Arrive at Washhigtoq City .4 *.”’. ’*1.80 a u Arrive at Baltimore . 3 15 a u Arrive at Philadelphia.”o'40 a u Airive at Now York «L45 a 11 Arrive at Boston .".".".V.S0 p m . Passenger Trains 011 this road going East ar- nve at Lula, 5.25, P M Leove Lnla, 5 26. P M Going West, arrive at Lnla, 9.25, A. M. Leave Lnla, 9.26, A. M. , Local Freight and Accommodation Train, InT® 9^ ’p m M; 8 “ Lu ' a ’ l0 ’ 5 > P * Lcave Going Ivest, arrive at Lnla, 10.28, A. M. Leave Lain, 10.40, A. M. rhronjrh Tickets on sale at Union Passenger Depot. Baggage Checked Through. W T u'gitiQT?vv K ‘^ CRI )\ Gcue ™ Manager. W .J. HDl .STON, Gen. Pass. & Ticket Ag’s TIMES. The best Cook Stove ever sold in Georgia. Over 6 0 0 now in use in North east Georgia, and not a word of com plaint. v t-i-50. Over 100 latest Novelties HB 3l Ag u united. Sa.SoppljrCa Nt-liv !Ue,Ttaa/ RON and Brass Castings, Mill and G : n*Gcaring, Mining and Mill Machinery. Steuri Ermines Saw Mills, Bill Arp and Athenian Horse Powers, EXCELSIOR THRESHERS, IMPROVED gwpjifr SOUTHERN Cheapest Cook Stoves Tin Ware Granite Iron Ware, and House Furnish ing Goods, at A. K.Childs & Co’s (Opposite Reaves & Nicholson’s) ATHENS, GEORGIA. jan8 6n: FAN MILLS, ALSO MANUFACTURE itfaZ brated Power and Lever Cotton and Screw Presses, Portable Sterm Engines, Separators, Iro» lending, Grave Enclosures, Balconies, Etc. 0,1 * For Descriptive Circulars and Price Lists ol any of tlie above articles, Address R-. SFIOkEReOSTp may 28, 1878-6m. ATHENS, GA T. MAitETWALTEB, MAR BLE# W OR K S, Broad St., Near Lower MarketAUGUSTA, GEORGIA. Monuments, Tombstones & Marble Work GENERALLY, MADE TO ORDER. A large selection always on hand, ready for lettering and delivery. may 5>l.ly,1878.; FOREST CITY Foundry And' Machine Works, 170 Fenwick Street, opposite Water Augusta, Georgia, GEO. II. LOMBARD & CO., Proprietors, Manufacture Portable and Stationery Steam Engines, and Boilers, Saw Mills, Grist Mills, Shafting Pulleys, Gearing, Hangers, etc., Iron aud Brass Castings, Plantation and Mill Work of any kind, Cane Mills and Kettles, llorae Powers, Graham’s Improved Solid Rim and other styles of Gin Gear. Special attention given to Repniring and Over hauling Machinery. Promptness and good work guaranteed. Send for Catalogue of Mill Gearing. Agents for the Celebrated Elipsc Doublet Turbin Water Wheel," the Judson Governor, the Niagara Steam Pi mp and Nordike, Murmon <fe Co's Plantation Mills. Send for Cireulur. GEO. R. LOMBARD & CO , Proprietors. may.2l.ly.1878. PENDLETON & BROS., fss fOUNORY JkWB Augusta, Georgia. PLANTATION Engines, Smith’s Superior Hand Cotton Presses AND WROUGHT O N SCREW PRESSES |Kor Hand, Horse or Water Power, Cane Malls, Evaporators and Hetties, Cheap and Strong, with or without pans and lhantc’s. Having bought all of Mr. George Cooper’s cor- pletc stock of Patterns, etc., we are better pre pared than ever to furnish Iron and Bras-a Castings ot all dcseriptions.on:ehort notice and e’leap- fits old patrons can be accommodated with duplicates and repaint by letting us know wlr t they want. * / V ’ uay21.ly.1678 AUGUSTA MOSIC HOUSE PIA1TOS &c OTftC3-A.3vTS, 40 To 60 Per Cent. Discount. iqW JTRICES UICK From Catalogue Prices of, the follow.ng celebrated makers: Ch ckering, Mathushek, Knabe, Stieuway, Hallet A Davis, Mcl’liail A Co., Simpson A Co., Haines Bro., Billings A CoJ<W3fe£l Parlor A Church Organ! Mason A Hamlin, Pleou- bet A Pelton, Prescott Or gan Co., Clough A Warren. Attracting Purchasers from tae Mountains to the Sea. 'testimonials from parties who have corresponded with several of the largest Piano and Organ dealers, established tlie fact that prices are lower in Augusta than elsewhere. ©ALES. $50 to $100 saved in p chasing from tx. O. ROlil SON A CO. Low Prices Quick Sales, is the motto of the Music House of the South, which is Competing Successful}- with New York and Boston. Goods fe:,t by Ex anywhere i i the’ Soui O. D.,011 receipt of ad Express Charges one witli privilege of exai lion given if so requi Tiinino; and Repairing P;anos, Church, Pip.- and Rc-d Organs, and nil kinds of Musical Instruments Tuned and Ke .ire by M.-.C. H. TAYl.OR, the only authorized Tuner for the Augusta Music Ilo-.-e. may 2t.6ui