Newspaper Page Text
1 LOCAL COTTON
{INCH COTTON ...... 21 3-8
Vol 114, No. 104.
lE. .t C t.
[raws 10U Uelegates
. . . &
District Meeting To Close Tonight
-
with Barbecue, Address By President
BY HOPE CHILDS ’
\nual Georgia District Convention of Civitan International neared
Cetion of the day’s business agenda here early this gfternoon
{ o officers still to be named. More than 109 officials and dele
oo from 22 State Civitan clubs had been in session since the 9a.
g ation at the Y. W. C. A, building.
Foreion Ministers
g ¢ ‘R
Seek Settlement
0f Ruhr Dispute
PARIS May 13—(AP)—A
compromise on French demands
ior detachment of the Ruhr Ar
cenal from Germany appeared pos
“ible today as the Big Four For
eign Ministers reassembled after
o day off in an effort to resolve
their remaining points of disagree
ment—including the Italian peace
treaty
A well-informed French source
clid the germ of a possible com
promise was contained in a Re
cent British proposal reportedly
quggesting some form of federation
ior the Ruhr region, which might
even include part of the Rhineland.
The French source said a Feder
.ted Ruhr similar to the setup the
American occupation forces in
stituted in greater hesse in the U.
S. zone of nc\cupation might meet
rench approval so long as the
‘ederated state was not under
omplete control of a centralized
rerman authority in Berlin.
In any event, this informant con
ii.ontinued on Page Two)
WEATHER
ATHENS AND VICINITY
Partly cloudy and contin
ued cool tonight. Tuesday
cloudy and mild with scat
tered thundershowers.
GEORGIA — Increasing
cloudiness and mild temper
atures this afternoon and to
night. Scattered showers in
south and west portions to
night and in extreme south
portion this afternsen. Tues
day, mostly cloudy with scat
tered showers and thunder
storms, not much change in
temperatures Tuesday except
slightly cooler in north por
tion.
TEMPXRATURE
Highest ..7 2hdpiadsa il
Lowest. i iiiue s e SRI
Mean &/ i s e
Normal KTI S e T
RAINFALL
Inches last 24 hours . :.. Trace
Total since May 1 .. ... 27
Deficit since May' 1 .. .. 118
Average May rainfall .... 3.59
Total since January 1 ....25.43
Excess since January 1 .., 592
Talnadoe Has Field To Himgelf n
In Avacacy OF State “White Primary”
By BENETT DELOACH
ATLANTA, May 13—(AP)—It
ooked like a sure bet today that,
imong tne gubernatorial candi
lates, FEugene Talmadge would
ave the field to himself in
idvocating a white: democratic
rimary
Talmadge, carrying the torch .of
vhite supremacy, says the wh}te
rimary question is the prime_ls
ue in the campaign. He promises
0 restore primaries in which only
vhite democrats would wote. He
ays there are legal ‘ways to do
his.
All the other qualified candi
lates except Hoke O‘Kelley haye
ldd something to say on the white
rimary lesue.
E D. Rivers of Lakeland, who
© seeking another term, has gone
' record simply with this state
nent: “It is the law. Negroes will
James V. Carmichael of Ma
®ta has come out with this
and:
,T'”\ duestion of who shall vote
"' e primary has been decided
'V Ihe Supreme Court of the Unit
‘' Stales. T have no power to Re
“lse that Decision—nor does any
:‘ 'son in Georgia.. Those who tfy
) Make this question an issue in
' tAmpaign are merely throwing
Fyf"‘l”fif‘\('l'eon to divert your at
”‘_(}“{j from their distasteful re
rds,
S hF (DOC Everritt of Waycross,
s bid for Governorship, laid
wh this assertion:
i have come to the conclusion
at there is no negro or white
T—— e ; s
58 Nazis To Hang
,\r;,‘{‘\(:HAU. Germany, May 132
oA gereral military court
h’«'» sentenced 58 operators Ot
. Dotorius Mauthausen exter
hf}dthmn camp to hang. Three
'1:1: S were given life terms.
W 61 defendants were sen
iced after fire Americon ‘eourt
hoo them guilty of murdering
. ,"h‘:"l’:f of victims imprisoned
aifns AZls in persecution cam
ATHENS BANNER-HERALD
Installation of officers by In
!tcrnalionai President Leßoy D.
Suure, Dayten. Ohio, was sched
uied to enqd the all-day business
meeting in time for the six
o’clock barbecue dinner.
Mayor Welcomes
Mayor Bob McWhorter wel
comed the club men to Athens
lwith a mid-morning address. fol-
Ilowing ceremonial opening of tae
convention. Julian Sipple, Sa
vannah, responded to the Mayor’s
address, cong-atulating the city
aind the three host clubs of Ath
iens, Watkinsville and Winter
iv"lle on arrangements and ac
commodations made for the
meeting and delegates.
- Rev. E. N. Anthony, Watkins
v.lle, delivered the invocation
«nd Hoyt Robertson, Ataens, led
the attending Civitans in sing
ing “America” to open the meet
mg. e .
After announcement of com
mittee appoints, L. 8. Simms,
Waynesboro, read the Necrology
Report.
~ Isolation of delegates, ratifi
cation of new District Constitu
ien ang By-i Laws and annual
report of officers foilowed in
quick succdssion to dispose of
the morning’s agenda. J. B. Tan=-
rer, retiring president of the
Athens Civitans and chairman of
the convention, closed the morn
ing session with announcements
concerning the afternoon’s bus
iness.
Wives of delegates were enter
tained during the morning by a
tour of Athens, escotted by lead
e:¢ from the three host-clubs.
The women joined the men at
the 12:30 p. m., luncheon, and
then were free so rest, sadp or
vicit until the dinner hour.
Election of Officers
Committee reports on essay
contests resumed the business of
the convention at two o’clock
thig afternoon. Introduction and
adoption of various resolutions
consumed the greater part of the”
afternoon, with election of offi- |
cers slated for late afternoon. |
Naming of delegates to the In
tetnational Convention of Civi
tans also awaited disposal be-|
fo:e adjournment of the daY'Si
business meeting.
Mr. Sauer, after installing new i
ctficers in the afternoon, Wwas
scheduled to be principal Speak-‘
er -at the barbecue dinner to
night. Judge Henry H. West of
he Western Judicial Circuit will
preside at the dinner, angd. Rev.
George M. Acree, Decatur, chap
lain of the Decatur club and
pastor of First Methodis¢ Churcha
PAS Continued on Page Two.) |
issue in this campaign, but instead,
the issue is whether we want a 100
per cent democracy, or part demo
cracy, and a part of the totalitarian
form of government.” }
Talmadge declared “I welcome
the support of all white Georgians”
in maintaining the White Demo
craic Primary. His Son, Herman,
has advocated that, if necessary
two different party primaries be
held—one for white voters and the
other for negroes. i
Meanwhile, two of the cand
idates Rivers and Carmichael, cast
about for reaction to their opening
campaign speeches over the week
end. ‘
Rivers, wearing his political
trademark of ‘a black tie, opened
in Waycross with a defense of his
past two administrations and ask
ed for a chance to finish the work
he had started. !
Carmichael, making his first bid
for a state-wide office, called for
honest and progressive govern
ment paid for only by available
state money. |
~ Talmadge beings, his campaign
‘at Lyons Saturday. Rivers ad
dresses a rally in Atlanta Monday
night at 9 o’clock over W. A. G. A. |
STUDENT.SOLDISHS PRESENT LADIES:
Athens Highß. 0. T. (. To Honor Sponsors
At Ceremony Here Wednesday Morning
-
By BILL SIMPSON
Plans for Sponsor Day, annua]!
event of of the Athens High
School R.O.T.C. Unit, have been‘
completed by the military = de
partment. The date, when the!
girls chosen as sponsors for the
different units will be presented!
to the cadets and the public, has
been set for Wednesday, May 15,'
at 10:45 a. m. I
~ Medal winners, honor cadets,|
and honor units will be praentl
ed at the same time.
A large turnout, both by the
high schoo] and by the publie, is
expected when the following girlsl
are piesented by their escorts. |
Eull Associated Press Service
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s e o
Twenty-seven naval airmen were killed when two giant four-motored bombers collided in mid
air while engaged in simulated fighter attack ma neuvers, and crashed near Munson, ¥Fla.,, on Fri
day. The planes, based at Pensacola Naval Air Station, were flying in formation and were mak
ing a turn when the lead plane collided with the other. Top photo shows the wreckage of one of
the giant PB-4Y’s after it crashed in a field. Bottom phote shows rescue workers searching the
wreckage of the second plane for bodies of the crew.—U. S. Navy Photos.
Georgia’s P i
rgia’s Progress Requires
. - 3 ,
Revision Of Revenue System,
. . . -
University Bulletin Declares
Georgia’s future progress will require a revision of the tax sys
tem so as to produce more revenue, according to Dr. R, P, Brooks
of the University of Georgia in the foreword of a bulletin just
issued by the University. The bulletin is part of a series prepared
by the Institute for the Study of Georgia Problems.
Dr. Brooks’s statement, in part, follows:
“In December, 1944, I was asked by a representative of the
Southern Regional Committee of the Social Science Research
Council to join a group of Southern economists in a cooperative
study of the taxation of manufacturing in this area. For a number
of reasons I was glad to accept the invitation. For one thing I had/
been associated earlier in the year with the Agricultural and In
dustrial Development Board set up by Governor Arnall in the
spring of that year and had become convinced that the ambitious
plans under way for the development of Georgia in all phases of
her culture and economy would necessitate a complete revision
of the tax structure. I did not believe it possible under the pres
ent revenue system to finance far-reaching improvements in such
matters as education at all levels, health, care of the dependent
and delinquent classes, and road building. The time seemed ripe
for a thoroughgoing study of our governmental costs with the
specific purpose in mind of suggesting changes in the tax system
that would cause it to produce more revenue. .
“The commiitee of cooperating Southern economists was duly
orgdnized under the chairmanship of Prof. James W. Martin, Di
rector of the Bureau of Business Research in the University of
Kentucky, and to a limited degree the present report follows the
program laid down by the managing committee of the group. The
cooperating economists were left free to amplify their state
studies in any way that seemed desirable and it was understood
that the results of the several studies might be publishe¥l inde
pendently. It turned out that a comparison of the relative tax
burdens laid by the Southern states upon enterprise involved only
a limited number of specifically business taxes, such as the cor
poration income tax and the licenses. Part IV of this study covers
that matter. Of course, differences in rates and in the adminis
tration of all taxes are important to business men, so that the
other parts of this study are not without interest to them. How
ever, the major portion of the bulletin is not concerned directly
with the taxation business, but is intended as an overall analysis
of the revenue sources of Georgia. Part 11, the most significant
section, is given to that matter. ‘ '
“During the progress of the study I have become mcre_asm;:ly
conscious of a striking change in the‘psycholoflv of Georgia peo
ple about the quality of their public scrvi(‘.cs.. There can be little
doubt, I believe, that Georgians now definitely desire to forge
ahead in all those state public activities that measure a common
wealth’s status as a civilized community. From all sides and i_rom
all elementis of the citizenry the demayg‘g are loud for rt.evolutwnt
ary improvements in education;}l f'aml'ltxes, in the _cqulpmf‘r‘n' ‘QI
eléemos_ynary and correctional institutions, in ho.spxyal faCllltl(is.‘
and.in road building. A formidable array of evidence could be
adduced in support of this statement.”
Betty Bowden has been chosen as
regimental sponsor by the com
‘mander, Cadct Colonel Paul
Chapman; Jackie Wells, instruc
tor’s sponsor with Cadet Lieuten
!ant Colone] Woody Ansley; and
Carolyn Newton staff sponsor,
!wiu Cadet Lieutenant Colonel
iHugh Firor.
| First Battalion sponsor will be
| Joyce Cook with Cadet Lieuten
|a‘lt Colonel Joe Pendergrass, Se-
Iccnd Battalion sponsor will be
Ruth Wellman wth Cadet Lieu
'tenant Ceclone] Richgz ‘Cofer.
| Company Spons :
l Company sponsors are as fol-
L (Continued on Page Twa) |
Athens, Ga., Monday, May 13, 1946.
Freight Rate Fight . .
To Continue, . . ....
ATLANTA. May 13 —(AP)—
Chsirman Walter R. McDonald of
th» Georgia Public Service Com
mission said today he would seek
recpening of a case in which the
Interstate Commerce Commiss
ion rejected a proposal for equal
freight rates on Southern ship
ments of fresh meat and packing
house products.
Although the Commission’s or
ders gives Southern shippers
substantia] reductions, Mc¢Donald
said “I do not think that the
South hould accet anything
short of equality with th North
- -{Continued on Fage iwo.)
(armichael T ‘
(armichael To Be
iI " ge |
Into Gridiron Club
Jimmy Carmichael, candidate
for governor from Marietta, is
among the eight prominent Geor
gians who will be initiated into
i(}ridimn at toe University
! Thursnay evening, it is announc
ed by officials of the secret hon
or society. In addition to these
newly elected honorary mem
‘l‘e“s, ten student neophytes will
ke initiated.
' Others to be inducted into the
ciub are:
J. Thomas Askew, director of
l»‘he University Veterans Division
II)". Josiah Crudup, Gainesville,
{ president of Brenay College; Joe
Engle, Chattanooga, Tenn., pres
icent of the Chattanooga Look
cuils; Harley Longdale, jr., Val
dosta, naval stores executive;
i McKibben Lane, Macon, member
of Lane, Turpin law firm; Mau
‘is Block, Selma, Ala., president
of the Selma Chamber of Com
'merce; and Ben Fortson, Wasga-"
lington, secretary of state.
1 Students being initiated are:
Abit Massey, Athens; Colon Stew
{art, Crawfordville; Elmo Haster.
iCuthbert; Frank Mpyers, Ameri
‘ (Continued on Pagy Two)
1 ————————— . ————
'World War | Ace
{ .
‘Sees Son Die
'As Plane Wrecks
LANCASTER S. C, May 13—
- (AP)—Col. Elliot, White Springs,
1"1‘(-xtilc magnate and ace of World
i;War 1, watched his son, a flying
| instructor of Worid War 11, die
{in a plane crash yesterday along
}}with the pilot.
! The son Leroy Spring 11, and
'Sindney B. Mahaffey, manager of
-the airport here were in the
| plane that ¢rashed and caught
'qfi: e. Col. Springs and John Tay
| ; los of Lancaster were in the glider
{treiling the plane.
] Taylor, piloting the glider,
quickly cut it away from the
lv.’ashina piane, and neither he
inor Col. Springs was hurt. Col.
ISmir gs also served in.the last
jwar, and was stationed at Mor=
| ris Field Charlotie, N. C.
Young Spring was an instruc
tor at Shaw Field, Sumter. Since
’hl§ release from the Army Air
Forces, the _2l-year-old aviator
!was studying at Georgia Tech.
|
i MUSICAL PROGRAM
' IS FEATURE FOR
' KIWANIS MEETING
| . A musical fprogram will be
I festured at the regular weekly
| meeting of the Kiwanis Club
iTuesday afternon at one o’clock
iin the Holman Hotel with five
young ladies, students at Coor
'dinste College being presented.
. The program was arranged by
(Walter S. Martin, chairman of
j programs for May, and all mem
bers aie urged to aitend. |
Truce Gave Immunity
To Triai, Nips Claim
Warlords Argue That Surrender Terms
"
Guaranteed They Would Not Be Tried
TOKYO, May 13.—(AP)—Argument that Japan did not surrender
unconditionally and does not have to obey every Allied command
was presented today to the Far East military tribunal by the chief
defense counsel for Japan's major war criminals.
Majority Of Miners |
"
Return To Pits;
)
Lewis Talks Peace
WASHINGTON, May 13—(AP) |
—Coal-short = America breathed |
son:ewhat easier today as the
bulk of John L. Lewis's 400,000 |
striking miners—except for hold- |
outs in Pennsylvania—headed to
their pits under a two-week
truce.
I'his was the over-all picture:
1. Rstrictions on freight, ex- |
press and parce] post shipments |
came offlat mijinjght, hours before {
the ifirst full crews descended |
into the mines to end the 42-day |
snutdown. . '.
2. Other conservation meas~ |
ures—including tifgnht controls |
over ail coai 10 be produced dur-;
g the truce—remained in ef
-leCi, s
3. The government prodded!
‘miners and operators alike to,
yreach a swift ,agreement on a
[ new contract, but both sides’ said |
privately there was little hope of
weeung the Weanesaay aeaaline
nxed oy President Truman. !
4. Congress' shuwed no inclina
tor to pack down ifrom Its ae
termination to seek a legislative
barrier to future crises growing
'out of labor disputes. 'L'he Senate
*turred its full attention to writ
ing a strike control bill.
‘t'he attitude of some 30,000
Pennsylvania Miners introduced
a jarring note into Lwis's abck
to-work appeal. 'They voted to
apide by their traditional “no
contract, no work” policy.
The United mine workers chiel
asked his men to return to their
jcbs for the next 12 work days
as a “contrbution x X x x to our
nation’s economy.”
In this connection, the solid
fuels administration assumed
cortrol of the entire output of the
truce period, originally estimated
at from 20,000,000 to 25,200,000
tone.
The agency gave top priority to
railroads, utilities laundries, hos
pitals, food processing plants,
daries, bakeries and refrigeration
plants.
In the next preferentia] class
wiil be industrial users who will
receive actual daily vequire
ments and nothing more. Domes
tic consumers in distress or
hardship will form third group
with preferred claims.
The office of defese transpor
taton, mindfu] of the potential
results of its railroad freight em
bargo lifted that retsriction but
retained the 25 percent cut in
railroad passenger service, Plans
to make it a 50 percent reduction
by Wednesday were abandoned,
The coal contract negotiations
stiil were deadlocked on Lewis’s
claim for $3,000,000 in back holi
day pay.
]
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ROCKET OFF TO STRATOSPHERE
Belching flame and smoke amid a great cloud of dust, a Ger
man V-2 rocket rises ‘rom its platform at White Sands Proving
Ground, N. M., where Army Ordnance officers are testing the
deadly missile. When the rocket was fired it reached an esti
mated altitnde of 75 miles inte the stratosphere, =
A. B. C. Paper —Single Copy, 3c—s¢ Sunday
Attorney Ichiro Kiyose’s chal
lenge that the court lacks authority
to try the 28 defendants on 55
counts was taken under advise
ment as the tribunal adjourned
until Tuesday morning. i
The Allies’ chief prosecutor,
Joseph B. Keenan, labeled Ki
yose's Argument as the “height of
absurdity” and offered documen
tary evidence that Japan’s surren
der was “utterly without condi
dion.”
Kiyose said that in giving the
tribunal jurisdiction over crimes
against peace and crimes against
humanity “General MacArthur is
exercising authority which he
does not posses and the Japanese
people are not bound to obey that
order.” |
l Japan’s top statesmen, Klyose
said, agreed to surrender in the
| belief they would not be prosecut-.
|ed as war criminals. ‘
| The attorney declared that in |
I|the surrender last September Ja-|
{pan Pecognized that she would o
ibey orders and. directives of the
lallied powers but only those in
lacordance with the Potsdam De
l'claration. f
’ Chief Prosecutor Joseph Keenan
declared that examination of Jap
'anese communications delivered to !
|the Swiss Government at the time
'of surrender would show it was
lwithout condition, |
|- Keenan turned to the surrender
;ultimatum prepared by the Allies
at the Potsdam conference last
July for further support for his
argument.
{ From Paragraph 13, he head:
“We call upon the Government of
~Japan to proclaim rniow the uncon
!ditional surrender of all Japanese
| Armed Forces . . ."
| And from Pargraph six:“There
|must be ,eliminated for all time
|the authority and influence of
| those who have deceived and mis
|led the people of Japen into em
barking on world conquest . . .”
'| Kiyose took a difierent view of
‘|the Postsdam declaration. Guilty
lof violating accepted laws and cus
toms of war. But he argued that
no provision was made for charges
included in the present indictment
whieh hold the defendants res
ponsible for inciting war and for
mistreatment of allied peoples,
Germany’s surrender was wholly
unconditional, Kiyose said, but the
Potsdam agreement “presented an
I (Continued on Page Two)
Wheat Pinch Arouses Talk Of Rationing
Food, Bread Included, As In Wartime
WASHINGTON, May 13.—(AP)—The wheat pinch began so hurt
at home today with one big flour mill closed as President Truman
called in Herbert_Hoover for the first of a series of talks that may
answer this question:
Will a resort to wartime food
rationing-—with bread added to
the list for. the first time in
American history—be necessary
to colve the world famine crisis?
Those in favor of suda a step
gained powerful new support
with word that Stabilization Di
rector Chester Bcwles _plans to
urge it upon Mr. Truman unless
END ONE-PARTY
Teo Vie With CIO
For South’s Support :
By MAX HALL .
Associated Press Labor Reporter.
ASHEVILLE, N. C., May 13.—
(AP)—Southern AFL leaders set
out today to destroy the one
party system in the South, but
the one party that interested
them immediately was the party
who cui William Green off the
air.
The great wire-slashing mys
tery—the puzzle of the “dead”
NBC microphone into which the
AFL president shouted strenu
ously for 15 minutes Saturday
night—prcduced these new devel
opments:
1. An Asheville AFL leader who
asked to remain unidentified of
fered a SIOO reward for capture
of the wire-slasher.
2. Asheville police were trying
to locate all the electricians who
had anything to do with installing
the wires, to discover whether
they saw any suspicious charac
ters in the basement of the city
auditorium, where the slashing
occurred.
3. Police Chief C. W. Dermid
told a reporter: “We have noth
ing on which to proceed. The au
ditorium was full of people. There
were no restrictions on where
they should go. That makes it
virtually impossible for us to
make an identification so the
persons responsible.”
Endorse Negro Voting
The AFL's Southern Labor
Conference, which ended yester
day, endorsed negro voting in the’
South. ;
. approved a policy statement
,saying. “organized labor will
make thie right to vote effective
(in all Southern states and this
;revolution will end rule by one
‘party in the South.”
' The statmeent declared that
“the two-or-more party system is
{ the only wholesome condition for
the development of democratic
practices.” (Negroes are voting in
some Southern state primaries
this year for the first time).
‘ The 2,000 delegates from 12
(Continued on PFage Two.)
the present outiook brightens
q ickly. 4
Bowles's suggestion, if it 18
made, will call for action by Au
gust, according to a highly-plac
ed official who asked not to be
named.
While Hoove: rema:.ned silent
cn returning from ‘liis seven
week, 35,000-mile giobe girdling
fo.u stuls yesierday, no one ex
pe:t=d hi 3 x:port tu M. ‘lTtuman
today to cast any optimism on
the global piciure.
On the domestic scene, mean-=
while, the closing nf Pillsbury’s
«A” Mill at Minneapolis stood
out as a grire reminder that the
shortage of whneat can well make
deep inroads into American eat
ing ‘habits.
Mill Shut Down
‘Unable to obtain grain for the
first time in its 66-year nhistory -
the mill shut down Saturday
night.
Hoy long flour stocks will
hold out until bakers and house
wives -begin to feel the squeeze
remains problematical.
This factor undoubtedly fig
vred in tue reported decision of
Rowles to recommend breaq ra
tioning, along with a return to
coupons for meat, buster and
cheese.
Mr. Truman has said repeated=
1y he will not hesitate to order.
wartime rationing restored if
such. action becomes essential:
Thus far, however, he has taken
the position that machinery
could not be started up again in
time to help in the current cri
sis, which officials first 2stima
trq would last only uitil - this
summer’s crops are harvested.
Also on the President’s _eb~
sagement list for thig week is
Herbert Morris, president of the
Biitish Council who arrived by
plane . from Lodon yesterday.
Dispatches from the British
capital said Morrison will ask
for meat and fats rationing in
this country. T e
These dispatches took on ad
decd significances in the licht ot
the Agriculture Department’s ac
tion over the weekend in asking
farmers to reduce their pigpro
duction this fail by ten percents