Newspaper Page Text
LCOAL COTTON
L INCH COTTON ...... ..29
Vol 114 No. 138.
United States Stands Firm Against Russian Atomic Bid
BIG-FOUR, WITH NEW HARMONY,
TURN TO PROBLEM OF TRIESTE
PARIS, June 21.—(AP)—The Big Four Foreign Miinisters, after
succeséfully hurdling a major obstacle by virtually reaching a com
promise on Italian colonies, turned today to the controversial
Trieste problem-—key to the Italian peace treaty.
In an upsurge of harmony,l
resulting from yeslerday’s fruit
ful sessions. the ministers buck
led down to the heaviest agenda
of their current conference.
Along with Trieste, they must
decide the entive Italian-Yugo
¢dlav frontier question and the |
matter of the Dodecanese Islands.
All four of e ministers agree
in principle that the llsands
should go to Greece, but Rus
<an Foreign Minister V. M. Mol
olov has indicateg in the past
{hat wis country is not = yet ready
to discuss final terms.
Other .nroblems of the Italian
tresty ic be considered aie the
Austrian-Italian frontier and dis
nceal of latalian naval units.
Tae question of Trieste, how
ever, promises to be the most:
c ntroversial. Russia has insis
tca that the important Adriatic
pert ceded to Yugoslavia: and
pritain. France and the United
Slates have maintained that it
must remain Italian. All four of
tne conferees concede that Tri
este is ethnically Ttalian.
Tae compromise yesterday,
when the ministers exvressed
sene-al approval of a U. S. gro
nosal to delay decision on the
colonies for a year and io refer
ilie matte~ to the Uniteq Nations
:f the four powers could net by
{hat time, gave rise to a new
atmosphere of optimism.
Conference circles wer, visi
by brigatened by what a Brit
ish sou-ce described as the “con
ciliatory” manner of yesterday’s
tormal and informal sessions.*
Under the compromise, Italy
would renounce sovereignty ' of
Fe colonies which would be un
der four-power control pending
~ther agreement by the Big
Four or refe“ence to the United
Nafions. .
Th~ ministere approved a mo
tion by U. S. Secretary of State
James F. Byrnes to nDame a
four-man commission to study
the probosal and work out de
tails. :
House Democratics
Locked In Battle
Over ClO Issue
WASHINGTON, June 21 —
(AP) — A new row over tae
CIO broke out today among
House Democrats, with Speaker
Rayburn himself in the midst of
the battle. %
The immediate issue in the
current controvetsy is who shall
ha the chairman and members
of a special committee being set
up to investigate this year's
colgressional elections. o
But the basic point of dis
rute is the rdegree and manner
in which the gmoup may look in
‘o activities of the ClO’s politi
cal action committee. This de
rends largely, of course, on the
ces chosen to do the investi
gating.
The Southerners said taey
vicked Domengeaux because they
krew he would “go after” the
CIO ‘and thoroughly examine
~tivities of the political Action
Committee.
Some of them told newsmen
trivately they thought O’Neal’s
“tiroaca {o the question would
he different. because of a heavy
CIO voting bloc in his home
dist-iet, :
Rayburn still in the driver's
stat about the committee chair
fan and ity members, because
ke picks them.
REDUCE OCCUPATION
BERLIN, June 21 —(AP)Gen.
Joseph T, McNarney said today
A vlan was in existence te re
“le American occupation forces
" Germany to 150,0000 men but
't nas not yet been determined
it will be implemented.”
.. He told a news conference that
h-'“Fma_n civilian rations would
¢ raised from 1,180 to 1,225
“tlories a day on June 26 be
““use the food situation had im
(Joved. He said 130,000 tons of
od were expecteq from the
pted States this month- for
"¢ American occupation zone.
Athens School Bonds
Bring $6 Premium:
Sold For $344,843
City Attorney Dorsey Davis
“ld today the Athens school
Yonds were sold yesterday to
the Trust Company of Geor
-814, representing bond buyers,
'or $344,843, The issue was for
753"5,000,
Mr. Davis said the bonds
old for $lO6, a premium of
%6. The bonds bear 2 percent
Mterest and were issued for a
period of twenty-five years.
The bonds will bear interest
rom June 20, 1946, instead of
'om December 1945, when
they were authorizéd by the
Voters of Athens. .
ATHENS BANNER-HERAILD
New Filibuster
On Poll Tax
Looms In Senate
By FRANCES J. KELLY
WASHINGTON, June 21—
(AP)—A Senate filibuster on the
anti-poll tax bill may wind up
the 79th Congress next month
with a flood of oratory.
Or—if advocates of the free
vote measure have their way—
the projected July-to-January
Congressional vacation may be
postponed a long, long time.
S_ecret Strategy Meet ’
Members of an inter-party“
steering committee in favor of the‘
bill decided at a secret strategy
meeting to call it up as soon as
ten pressing appropriation bills
are out of the way.
Bus when word of the meeting
leaked out, Southern opponents
of the poll tax measure grimly
made known their intention to
beat it by any means available.
Their habitual weapon is the fil
ibuster — time-killing discussion
on the Senate floor.
“Our side has not been idle,”
one Southern mémber told a re
porter privately. “We have been
discussing this possibility too.”
The bill, already approved by
the House, would wipe out the
poll tax as a voting requirement
in federal elections. Seven Sou
thern states have poll tax laws—
South Carolina, Mississippi, Ala
bama, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas
and Tennessee.
Counter-Weapon
Senator Mead (D.-N.Y.), one of
the members of the steering
committee for the bill, expressed
hope that opponents would not
resort to a talk-fest. But if they
do, he told'a reporter, there is a
counter-weapon available.
It would be to keep Congress
in session until the Senate acts.
Recalling the extended and
successful filibuster last winter
against fair employment prac
tice legisfation, Mead' said he
thought it bhad been proved
“rather futile” to spend days ar
guing over inclusion of the chap
lain’s prayer in the Senate jour
nal. For that reason, he said, he
hoped a cloture petition to shut
off debate would be accepted
without the usual delaying tac
tics.
The FEPC filibuster began
last January 18 and lasted until
February 8. It finally ended when
the forces lined up against thel
measure found they had more‘
than the one-third Senate vote
to block cloture. ‘
Mead said he and other mem
bers of his group, which includes‘
Senators Pepper (D.-Fla.), Green‘
(D.-R.1.), Ferguson (R.-Mich.)
and others, will confer with Ma
jority Leader Barkley (Ky.) and
Minority Leader White (Maine)
later this month, to ask' their co
operation.
MADNESS' METHOD
EDINBURG TEXs June 21—
(AP)—The Junior Chamber of
Commerce here is throwing a
“lawn party” tonight at the Hidal
go county courthouse with - a
special reason. .
Those accepting invitations have
been asked to bring Jawnmowers,
clippers and rakes. The court
house lawn, it seems, is a bit shag
gy. '
President Caldwell To Be Host At
Dinner Here Tuesday Night, June 25
Dr. Harmon W. Caldwell, Presi
dent of the University of Georgia,
will be host to a group ot business
and industrial leaders at a dinner
to be held at the Georgian Hotel
Tuesday evening, June .25th. The
ccassion will be marked by a
visit from a member of the Sou
thern Research Institute, of which
fDr. Caldwell is a trustee. The
lspeaker will. be Dr. C. Lewis
\Wrenshall.
The Institute, which is a non
[profit organization, patterned af
ter the Mellon Insfitute, of Pitts
burgh, and the Armor Institute,
of Chicago, is dedicated to scien
tific research on Southern pro
ducts and resources. Southern
manufacturers, seeking -the crea
tion of new products and new
uses for old products, commiss
llon the Institute to conduct scien
titic experiments; and a number
Full Associated Press Service
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Vittorio Oriando
Vittorio Emanuele Orlan
do, head of the Italian Nat
ional Democratic Union par
ty, is reported to be possible
new president of the first
Italian Republic. The Repub
lic’'s triumph over the mon
archy was confirmed by the
Italian Supreme Court.
MacArthur Urges
Japs To Adopt . ¢
‘No War' Policy
TOKYO, June 21—(AP)-—Gen
eral MacArthur urged the Ja
panese Diet today to give full con
sideration without politica}y bias
to the new “no war” constitution
at what is “one of the vitai mo
ments in the life of Japan.”
“It is for the people of Japan,”
he said in a formal statement,
‘acting through their duly-elected
representatives, to determine its
form and content—whether it be
adopted, modified or rejocted.”
It was the second time the
supreme commander had spiken
out in favor of the proposed con
stitution, which grants greater
lliberties to the people. He said
last March that it had “my full
l.‘ - {Continued. on Page Twd.)
Soldiers’ Pay Increase Gefs Nod:
-
WASHINGTON, June 21.;—(AP)~T}1e slam-bang Congressional struggle over peacetime drafting of teen-agersdsgsslgzdapf;
compromise finish today with 19 year olds once more subject to call and youths of 18 exempt- Only the usual_House and tl ’ end ¢
of the hard-fought conference agreement was needed to assure a nine months extensnon'of se]ectxve_ service beyon 13 e
month. Speaker Rayburn (D.-Texas) saw a slight chance the House might act late today if two pending bills could be cle y
appeared more probable the measure would not be reached before next Monday oy Tuesdayj. L e
Less Saluting
Forseen For
American GI'S
WASHINGTON, June 21— (AP)
—Less saluting appears in pros
pect for the American soldier, just
when—by coincidence—the Red
army is bearing down more heavi
ly on miltary courtesy and disci
pline.
"War department officials re
ported privately today thag Se
cretary Pattersen has approved
a recommendation of the Doo
little “gripe” board that the hand
salute be abolished except on
army is bearing down more heavily
areas, and on special dress oc
casions.
Any change in U. S Army
reguations will follow by only a
few days Moscow’s announcement
that Premier Stalin has signed a
new order which calls for stricter
discipline and observance of mi
litary = courtesies in the Soviet
armed forces. e
of projects in the field of plastics,
textiles, essential oils, and metal
lurgy are now under investiga
tion. :
Commenting on the meeting,
Dr. Caldwell said: “The South
has long been an agricultural
region shipping its raw products to
other sections for the finishing
processes. Manufacturing profits
have therefore, been lost. The
production of billions of dollars
worth of finished goods' during
the war years have shown our
manufacturers that the South can
convert its raw material into fin
ished products, and a great in
dustrial movement is now under
way. Scientific organizations have
been responsible for the great in
dustrial strides made in other
parts of the country, and South
ern Research Intstitute fills a need
which has long been felt in_the
Seuth.” Lt
Athens Ga., Friday June 21, 1946.
Rivers Challenges iuvemor Amnall
To ‘Do His Worst, Dalling Him
‘lngrate, Sinister Double-Crosser’
Governor’s Saturdz;'Speech Arousing
Speculation, AP Poltfical Writer Says
ATLAITJTA, June 21 b (AP) —s— Gubernatorial candidates in the
v e el o 4 By Govcin i Achall, who Vi
’ The various political factions
‘began speculating as to how far
the Governor would go in his
speech. Some predicted Arnall
would go all-out for the the
candidacy of James V. Carmich
ael. Others expressed belief that
he would soft pedal the whole
issue of the governor’s race.
Arnall’s intimates dropped
hints thét the governor would con
fine the,bulk of his speeca to a
review of his service as chiel exe«
cutive. 4
Some observers declared that
Arnal] timed his Saturday speech
after most of the candidates had
finished their usual big week
end speeches so that his remarks
would not be bandied about by
the candidates until Monday.
Meanwhile, three of the candi
dates continued their stump tours
of the state today as Carmichael
aappeared at Bainbridge, former
governor E. D. Rivers was sche
duled to speak at Lawrenceville,
and ex- governor Eugene Tal
madge made an address at Roy
ston and Thomson.
The former state chief execu
tive “apologize” to Georgians
for having wappointed Arnall as
Attorney General during his ad
ministration and challenged the
Governor “to do his worst” when
he talks on the radio.
“I don’t owe Ellis Arnall any
thing. Ellis Arnall owes £d Rivers
and his friends everything. I am
laying it on the line and chal
lenging this ingrate, this fi
centered sinster double cro: ;
A floor battle against accept
ing tae compromise was prom
ised by Rep. Short (R-Mc), lone
members of the Senate and,
Hcouse confereeg whose signature
did not appa: on the final com
promise:
“There is no need at all to
extend the wartime draft,’ Short
told reporters. “I am una:ierably
orposed to aking any teen-age:s
and 1 also favor holding up all
incductions for a few months as
previously voted by the- House
majority.”
Early Approval Seen
Despite Saort’s last ditch op
position, congressional leaders
expected both the Senate and
House to app-ove work lae con
ference report and send it on to
tiic White House well ahead of
the June 39 deadline when the
present stop-gap draft extension
expires.
Along with tae draft acl ex
iension, the conferees alsn ap
proved a pay inc-ease plan for
ali men ang officers of all the
armed services.
Like exemption of 18 year
clds, the pay hike represented
a victory -for the House confer
ees who had insisted wupon a
sepa-ate bill providing aigher
saiarieg in ihe armed forces.
The Senate originally incor
porated pay increases in its
diaft extension measure. The in
crease were limited to enlistd
vreonnel with biggest jumps for
aimy privates, corporals, and
sergeants along with correspond
ing lowest graders of other ser
vices. This was aimed at at
tracting volunteers ang thus re
ducing the need for drafted men.
However, the conferees decided
to go along with the House idea
rs a separate bill, giving a 50
per cent pay boost to the bottom
eniisted g-ades, and providing
graduated increases for other
non-commissioned ang commis
sioned personnel up to generals.
Privates’ Pay Boosted
The new pay scales would
give army privates and navy ap
prentice seamen 875 a month
instead of the present SSO, waile
renerals and admirals at the top
of the ladde- would draw $733.33
as compared with tbe present
$667.67.
Only important change made
in the sepa-ate House plan was
io! up the increase for army cap
tains’ and navy lieutenants from
10 per cent tn 15 per cent.
Coairman Elbert Thomas "(D-
Utah) of the Senate Military
Committee said the overall in
creases will add an estimated
ESTABLISHED 1832.
{0 do his worst,” Rivers declared.
. Rivers charged Arnall is “drunk
with power and publicity” and
accused him of getting into the
present campaign solely to help
Talmadge. He declared that Ar
nall “has said it is to his interests
to see Talmadge elected” and “is
telling people that Talmadge will
be elected.”
“Misrepresent Facts”
| Carmichael spoke at Claxton
Qnd Baxley and Talmadge at Sa
vannah.
~ The Cobb county businessman
proposed in his speeches that
Georgia be run on good busineéss
principles. He said Georgia tax
payers are intrested in seeing
that the state lives within its in
come.
Adding that he planned to spend
Georgia’s monies wisely, Carmich
ael explained, “for the first time
since the war between the states,
Georgia is out of debt, although
my two opopnents went out of of
fice leaving a combined dept of
$35,961,000.”
In a bid for Chatham county’s
six unit votes, Talmadge said that
if “Savannah, glorious birth-place
of the State of Georgia, did not
mantain her great white tradi
tions no other place would be
likeiy o do so.
. Talmadge charged that the At
lanta daily newspapers misrepre
sent the facts in their “frantic ef
forts to undermine southern tra
wtions and to elect the Henry
allace “candidate.”
$632,000,000 annually to tax pay
ers’ bills. The cenate pay boosts
would have cost an additional
$250,000.800.
The bill will meet all man
powe- needs of the War De
partment, Thomas predicted, ad
ding that it should please those
who contend peacetime conscrip -
tion was —necessary to support
our foreign policy and carry out
oir: commitments.”
Selective service officials re
rorted a pool of some 52,000
men of 19 and older available
for induction and, Senator
Thomas said he believed that
these would be requireq despite
the higher pay inducement for
veclunteers.
- Draft officials also noteq that
some 80,000 18 year olds had
‘been deferred to complpete
schooling and then escaped in
duction when Congresg exempt
ed teen agers in extending the
draft from May 14 to July 1.
They said about 7,000 of these
‘will reach 19 and be subject to
‘induction each month after Sep
{ember 1.
" Ther was no dispute over fix
iug top limits of the army at
1550.000 on July 1 this year
ard 1,070.000 the same dale next
wear. with the navy maximum
at 558,000 and that of the Ma-~
rines 108,000 on July 1, 1947,
WEATHER
ATHENS AND VICINITY
Partly cloudy and contin
ued hot this afternoon. fto
night and Saturday. Scatter
ed thundershowers this aft
ernoon and again Saturday
afternoon.
GEORGIA: Partly cloudy
and continued rather hot
this afternoon, tonight and
Saturday, except not quite
so hot over north portions
Saturday. Scattered thun
dershowers this afternoon
and over south portion Sat
urday afternoon.
TEMPERATURE :
Highet -). 0. o i.. .98
Sowest .0 ... .3
R iy v o R
Mormal L., wni, sov. S 5
RAINFALL
Inches last 24 hours .. .. .00
Total since June 1 .. ... 1.50
Deficit since June 1 .... 1.19
Average June rainfall ... 3.91
Total since January 1 ....31.17
Excess since January 1 .. 6.80
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“~aorees Bidault, Frane-
Bidault is the new French
President. Taking office un
der a blitz of political crises
he finds his task an untaste
ful one. Upon his shoulders
rest the resurrection of
France.
Reveal Kidnap Plot
Against British
Chief In Palestine
JERUSALEM, June 21—(AP)
—British army headquarters said
today it had evidence that Irgun
Zvai Leumi, a Jewish under
ground orgamization, had pianned
an attempt to kidnap Lt Gen.
Sir. Evelyn Barker, Britsh com
mander-in-chief in Palestine, in
addition to six officers previously
seized..
At the same time, the army an
nounced that it had abandoned
the search in the Bucharim Quar
ter of northwest Jerusalem - ior
clues as to the whereabouts of
the abductors of Maj. H, P. Chad
wick, who escaped the kidnappers
yesterday.
~ Moshe Shertok head of the po
| (Continued on Page Two }
Manchuria Truce
Extended Eight
Days By Chiang
NANKING, June 21—(AP)—
Ceneralissimo - Chiang Kai-Shek
today extended the truce in
Manchuria for eight days just
24 hours before it was to have.
expired at the height of renew
ed negotiations, .
Tae extension was widely re
ga-ded here as a concession to
tht Chinese Communists, who
have geen demanding an unlim
ited truce while unification talks
are in progress. .
In this extension the General
itsimo warned, however, that
“in view of the urgency of re
lieving the prolonged suiferings
of our nation, no further delay
should be permitted.”
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T N
CROMYKO AND BARUCH AT CONN-LOUIS FIGHT e
As world concern mounted for solution of the U. S.-Russian differences over atemic bomb con
trol, the two men whose proposals clash with such ominous import, Bernard M. Baruch (left),
and Andrei A. Gromyko, chatted affably, as pictured here, at the Louis-Conn fight in New
York. Baruch, Amei¥:an representative on the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission, only
a few hours earlier had heard Gromyko propose a control Dlan calling for an international agree
ment requiring the United States to destroy its A-bombs within 90 days after adoption. Gromyko,
Russian representative on the commission, insists on veto on atom controls., v STy
A. B. C. Paper —Single Copy, 3c—>s¢ Sunday
U. N. OFFICIALS"G.EK FORMULA
N SETTLEMENT OF VETO ISSUE
WASHINGTON, June 21— (AP) —American officials seeking a
formula for getting around the veto disagreement between Russian
and United States plans for international. control of atomic energy
were reported hopeful today of eventual success. TR
Higher Mine Wages
Bring Increase
In Soft Coal Cost
WASHINGTON, June 21—
(AP) — OPA today raised soft
coal prices ‘an average of 40%
cents' a ton to offset wage in
creases and other ins which
John L. Lewis’ U#‘?ted Mine
Workers won in their strike.
The increases range from 10
cents to $1.47 a ton, depgnding
upon the producing district and
type of mine. They boostgetail
prices about .3% percent, OPA
estimated.
Part gs the increase was al
lowed to offset losses suffered hy
the operators during the 59-day
strike.
Most soft coal is consumed by
railroads and industrial firms.
OPA said less than 15 percent of
total production goes to house
holders for heating purposes.
Hard Coal Boost
However, OPA expects to an
nounce next week a price in
crease averaging perhaps $1 a
ton for hard coal, used generally
for home-heating. This also will
offset anthracite miners’ pay
raises.
‘The soft coal price order is
effective immediately, but in
most cases the higher costs op
ply retroactively to all sales since
May 13, when OPA authorized
seller-buyer agreements for later
payment. of any increases grant
ed‘.
The new price schedule applies
at present only while the bitum
inous mines are operated by the
government, which seized the pits
during the strike whieh ended
May 29. . ’
President Truman told his news
conference yesterday he did not
know wien the gvoernment will
turn beck the mines to their
owners.
Bituminous mine operators
have delayed opening negotia
tions with Lewis, UMW presi
dent, until OPA granted price in~
creases to compensate for wage
hikes the government allowed.
But there was no immdeiate
sign that the mine owners will
start dickering wtil Lewis .right
away on a contract similar to the
one negotiated by the govern
ment.
Government Contract
The government-UMW con
tract gave the miners an 18%
cent hourly wage increase and
provides for a levy of 5 cenis a
ton for a health and welfare
fund. It also raised vacation pay
from $75 to SIOO.
On the basis of expected pro
duction of 550,000,000 tons of soft
coal during the year ending next
March 31, OPA estimated that the
new vgge contract will raise
operators’ costs $280,500,000. This
includes strike losses.
Of this, operators will have to
stand $57.750,000. The balance--
$222 750,000 — will be paid by
consumers.
HOME
- The United States has demanded
abolition of the veto in so far as
it would apply to world wide ato~
mic control machinery. But Rus
sia has served notice that she will
countenance no change in the
system by which the great powers
must agree unanimously in the
United Nations Security Council.
President Truman himself made
it plain at his news conference
yesterday that negotiations will be
undertaken on variocus poinis of
disagreement, and he added that
iit may be possible to reach agree~
ment. He put stress on the word
‘May.
Endorses Proposals
~ The President said that the pro
posals made by Bernard M. Baruch
ito the United Nations atomic
‘energy commission had his en
dorsement in all provisions, in
cluding that for curtailment of the
great power veto right.
But when questioned as fto
whether he was adamant in want
ing these proposals accepted by
other nations without change, he
responded with the assurance of
‘ negotiations,
~ Meanwhile, other officials in a
iposition ‘to help evolye American
policy were known to be thinking
along this line:
‘ The United States, in the plan
put forward by Baruch has not
necessarily asked' for any modifi
cation of the veto power within the
U. N. security council itself.
Baruch Plan
Rather, the Baruch plan pro
poses ihat the charter for an iii
iternational system designed to
promote peaceful development of
atomic energy and toc prevent its
‘diversion to military uses should
be written as a new treaty,
separate from the already-accept
ed united Nations charter.
Thus 'each of the big powers
would have the right to accept or
reject this treaty and unless all
five accepted it at the outset it
'would not hecome operative.
But once the United States, Rus«
sia, Britain, France and China all
had agreed to the treaty, none
would be able to disregard its
provisions sf'nply by voting “no.”
In the actual operation of the pro
posed atomic development authori~
ty questions probably would be de
cided by some kind of majority,
possibly two thirds,
Retain Veto
Since all this would be done
by treaty separate from the U. N.
charter, the veto rights of the pow
ers within the security council
would not be, modified in the
slightest. #
The Russians in their own con
trol program also talk in terms of
handling atomiec problems in a
separate treaty. And, Like Baruch,
Soviet representative Andrei
'Gromyko. spoke of the need for
swift and sure measures against
’any nation which violated the pro
posed treaty.
~ However authorities here contend
that action would neither be swift
nor sure if the. veto system were
avvlied to atomic control ma
chinery. %
SEMI-FINALS AT ASHVILLE
ASHVILLE N, C,, June 21—
(AP)—Medalist Ed Gravely of
Rocky Mount, N. C, and Rich~
mond, Va., mei Bob Cole of Ba
ton Rouge, La., in the semi-fin
als of the Biltmore Forest invita~
tional amateur tournamen! here
today. : :