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Vol. CXVI, No. 103.
GOVERNMENT SEIZES PAILS
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Taikyu ® X withdraw its troops after UN
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WMOPW s e Kfo"owing MaydlOelection, leaving
52 QI Korea's independence on hands of UN.
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E Communist agents direct W.l‘};% o
] guerrillas in terrorism oo KA P
campaign against U. S.- m’ Y| et
7 backed elections. Co- [STTTTTTNE S m
1 ordinated raids on villages Soo oo T TeT T T T T
1 indicate professional W MILE H
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p TR e S SAN i s AR e A
KOREA F ACES CRITICAL ELECTIONS e
UN ordpred free elections th}'oughout Korea today
to set up independent, derpocrahc government, but the
pSSR refused. The U. S. is sponsoring the elections in
It§ zone, shown on the map. Observers fear American
withdrawal of. occupation fqrces following election
may be a curtain raiser for civil war between the Red
backed north and the anti-Communist south.
Koreans Defy Reds;
Cast Heavy Ballot
SEOUL, May 10,—(AP)—American and Korean au
thorities estimated that 80 percent or more of the 8,000,-
000 eligible voters in South Korea defied Communist vio
lence and threats today in the nation’s first self-rule elec
tion. ;
New outbreaks raised the .weekend toll to 73 killed in
the U. S. zone. Police bicycle patrols arrested 60 sus
pected Communists — some armed with bamboo spears
and knives — in the hills around Seoul.
Polling booth explosions were
reported here -and at Taegu,
large southern town. The Taegu
bombing injured five persons.
Also at Taegu, rails were remov
ed on the Pusan-Seoul railroad
and the telephone switchboard
sabotaged. !
At Inchon, the port of Seoul,
4 woman who police said admit
ted taking Communist _orders set
the telephone office afire. It was
half destroyed. .
Tabulatio}r'x of bailots: in the
Russian-boycotted = election - are
expected to require all night,
with no results available until
tomorrew. Russia occupies North
Korea,
Two Koreans were slain in
Seou] today. U. S. Army repor::
indicated at least 20 other‘s wet_
killed elsewhere in spor_adxc out_
breaks. Wire snipping mterruxl) .
ed communications from ‘outly
ing districts,
Police probably forestaclolgf
Serious trouble here, The};) S
fiscated 50 home-made i
and materials for many m Teiat
the house of a well-known
Communist,
Undaunted voters turned out
large numbers for the United
Nations-ohserved election which
brought loud threats from the
(Continued on Pu"e Two.)
® .
School Building
.
Confab Tonight
‘he City Council and the Board
of Education will convene with
the PTA jn ap open meeting to-
Night at '8:00 p. m. to discuss
Plans for the construction of a
€W high school building. ’
The meeting will .be held in
the council room of the city hall
and all Athenians are invited to
attend, Everyone will be given a
chance to state their opinion on
the subject and all questions and
dvice will be heard.
ATHENS AND VICINIT¥
Partly cloudy and contin-
Ued warm this lfiel‘ngonit to
hight anqg Tuesday. Scatter
ed showers likely Tuesday
afierngon and Wednesday.
GEORGIA—CIear to part-
Iy cloudy and continued
2arm today, tonight and
Tuesday, -
ATHENS BANNER-HERALD
Full Associated Press Service
Former Resident Of
Comer Taken By
Death In Michigan
Roy Li Smith, native of Comer
and for a number of years city
engineer of Sault Ste. Marie,
Michigan, died unexpectedly in
that city Friday. Mr. Smith was
46 years old and was ill for only
a ‘few hours.
Services were conducled Mon
day afternoon at 2:30 o'clock
from Paoli Presbyterian Church
near Comer, Rev. Mr. Hornsby
pastor Comer Baptist Church
officiating.
Burial was in Paoli cemetery.
Bridges Funeral Home in charge
of arrangements. Pallbearers
were Paul Hammond, Floyd
Smith, Calvin Gandan, Grover
Meadow, Roy Mannus and John
Crumley. ;
Surviving Mr.. Smith are three
sisters, Mrs. A. M. Hix and Mrs.
Griff Meadow, both of Comer,
{Uontinued on Page Two.)
DIXIE DEMOCRATS GROOMING GEGRGE AS POSSIBLE
CANDIDATE T 0 OPPOSE TRUMAN FOR NOMINATION
WASHINGTON, May 10—(AP)
—Senator Walter George (D-
Ga.) is being groomed by some
Southerners in Congress as their
candidate to oppose President
Truman for the Democratic pres
idential nomination. o
Senator Russell (D-Ga) said
today thaf unless his senior col
league puts his foot cown,
George’s name will be offered
at the Philadmiphia convention
in July as Georgia's candidate
on a ‘“States Rights” platform.
George, who defeated the late
President Roosevelt’'s attempt to
“purge” him from the Senate in
1936, is said by {riends to be
about willing to lead the fight
aainst Mr. Trumar’s Civil Rights
program if he can be assured
widespread Southern support.
The possibility of putting up
Ihe Deorsias 48 8 Consissis Sh
peared likely to be discussed at
a meeting of “States’ Rights”
democrats from 10 states at
Jackson, Miss., beginning today.
DIXIE STATES-RIGHTS MEET
ATLANTA, May 10.— (AP)—A resolution calling for
a wide open bolt from the Democratic Party was recom
mended to Dixie’s States Rights Convention at Jackson,
Miss., today and the Georgia delegation walked out in
protest, a Georgia leader reported by telephone.
Democratic - Chairman James
S. Peters of Georgia said the
resolution called for a separate
political convention of Southern
ers in Birmingham, Ala., July 17,
if the National Democratic Con-=
vention adopts President Tru
man’s Civil Rights program.
He said the resolutions com
mittee had adopted the . proposal
after two days’ debate.
Georgia’s delegation opposed
RED LEADING
INPOLL FOR
ITALIAN PREXY
ROME, May 10—(AP)—Enri
co De Nicola, choice of the Com
mupist-led popular front, got
more votes than Carlo Sforza,
candidate of the dominant chris.
tian Demcrats, on today’s first
ballot for President of the lial
ian Republic, but not enough to
elect him, 3
De Nicola, Provisional Presi
dent the last two years, received
396 votes and Carlo Sforza, For.
eign Mnister, 353. A two.thirds
margin was needed.
The President is being elected
by parliament in a ijoint session
of its two houses.- On the first
three ballots, a two-thirds majori
ty is needed -to elect. On the
fourth, a majoriy suffi Yol
-« Phe proportion-of ‘w:g? ~tast
for the leading candidate is fig
ured on the basis of the total
number of Senators and deputies
declareq elected and seated. This
is now slightly more than 900,
though only 868 were present.
The announcement of De Nico
lla’s vote caused an outbreak of
cheering which started on the left
of the house, where the Com
munists and pro-Communist so
cialists sit, and then spread over
the house, This delayed the an
nouncement of the vote for oth.
ers.
One of the big questions now
is whether the popular front de
puties and senators will, as re:
ported in the last tw, days, ab
stain from voting on successive
ballots.
There was a scattering of votes
for Luigij Einaudi, Governor of
the bank of Itay and Cabinet bud
get director; Alessandr, Casati,
former War Minister; Cipriano
Facchinetti, Republican ang pre
sent Minister of Defense, and
Ivanoe Bonomi, Elder stateman
elected Senate President two days
ago. There also were some blank
ballots. f
There were no nominations as
the joint session of the two cham.
bers convened Giovenni Gron
chi, speaker of the Chamber of
Deputies, merely called the De
puties by name, in alphabetical
order. As he called, the deputies
rose: and walked t, the ballot
boxes to cast their votes. &
Thre was a strong likelihood
that no candidate would receive
the required two-thirds of the
vote on any of the first three
ballots. The fourth ballot will
require only a majority. Each
ballot is expected to ‘take about
three hours. Observers said the
election may not be completed
until tomorrow. The voting is se
cret } ’
Several others have been men=-
tioned as possible candidates, in
clut:ll\!ing Gov. Fielding L. Wright
of Mississippi and Gen. Douglas
MacArthur. .
Gov. Ben Laney of Arkansas
said at Jackson he believes the
Southerners can block Mr. Tru
man’s nomination,
Russell and Senator McClellan
(D-Ark) have announced they
will not campaign for Mr. Tru
man because of his stand in
favor of anti-segregation, anti
poll tax, anti-lynching -and anti
job discrimination bills.
MecClellan said he has rejected
an invitation of J. Howard Mec-
Grath, Democratic National
Chairman, to make the national
committee’s radic facilities avail
able to him.
On the republican side, galli
vanting Harrold E Sfaccen and
Gov. Thomas E. Dewey held the
spotlight in their battle foy”Ore
gon’s 12 “delegates to the Repub
lican national convention. ‘
the resolution, said Peters, and
refused ‘“to commit the Demo=
crats of Georgia to bolt the Dem
ocratic party, nor do anything
which could ai i@ the estallish
ment of another party.”
“We are not participating fur
ther in the proceedings of this
States Rights convention. Our
delegates will remain only as
observers.”
The convention of more than
1,100 Southerners was called to
decide the strategy of a revolt
against national democratic
leadership. ;
Peters said Georgia’s dozen
delegates to the convention
agreed on a strong resolution
condemning the Civil Rights
program and expressing opposi=
tion to any candidate who advo
cates the program. |
But Georgia balked at a walk=
out from the mnational party
meeting, he said. “We took the
position that if the Natonal Dem
ocratic Convention should take
action not acceptable to the
Democrats of Georgia thai the
Democrats of Georgia themselves
should determine whai to doj
and we should not pre-judge the
Democratic Natignal Convention.
“We are Democrats and expect
to remain in the Democratic
party.” 1
Georgia delegates left the res
olutions committee when it be
came apparent the resolution, for
a walkout would pass. “I told
them we could and would n}
participate in any statement that
might be construed as commit
ting Georgia to bolt the Demo
cratic party,” Peters said.
He said other Georgians in the
delegation included State Labor
Commissioner Ben T. Huiet,
Charles Redwine of Fayette—
like Peters, a long-time Tal
madge political leader in Geor
gia; Alex Boone of Irwinton, C.
L. Foster of Columbus and Hugh
Couch of Atlanta.
Further indication that Geor
gia would oppose a National
Democratic Convention bolt
came from a statement by Shel
by Myrick, member of the Geor
gia Party’s Rules Committee. |
The Savannah political leader
said in an article in the Savan-i
nah Morning News yesterday,
“certainly it is generally knownl
that the Georgia delegation will
not ‘walk out’ but will make its
fgiht in the convention.”
Myrick-was one of the top
Democratic leaders who met in
(Continuedq On Page Two)
" E .
Athenian Is Named
To Receives
. .
Army Commission
Benjamin E. Lumpkin, jr., son
of Mr. and Mrs. Eugere Lump
kin, sr., of this city, has been
named as one of the seventeen
Georgia ROTC students to re
ceive commissions as second
lieutenants in ‘the regular Army
and Air Forces.
The commission of the young
Athenian is in the Army, ac
cording to an announcement by
the office of Senator Walter F.
'George in Washington, D. C.
They will settle the issue in
the May 21 primary there.
Stassen Challenge
Stassen, who shuttled to West
Virginia for a week-end speech,
moved up his return to Oregon,
where Dewey is campaigning
the Grass Roots.
The former Minnesota govern
or said he expects to arrive in
Oregon May 14 and to repeat
there a challenge to Dewey to
debate the Communist party is
sue.
Stassen has called for outlaw
ing the Communists. Dewey has
replied that he will never sup
port a move to outlaw any or
ganization because of the eco
nomic or political vews of its
members. He said the way to
beat the Communists is to keep
them out in the open.
Senator Robert A Taft (B.
Ohio) joined in this fray in a
week-end Milwaukee speech.
Taft said he doubts that it
(Contimued on Page Two.)
ESTABLISHED 1832.
ATHENS, GA., MONDAY, MAY 10, 1948.
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ARABS USE BRITISH STATION IN ATTACK ON JEWS
Arabs set up this machine-gun and mortar position on the roof of a Jerusalem
railroad station against the Haganah, Jewish militia, after the British abandoned it.
The station controls the main road to Bethlehem and southern Palestine.
Jews Press Fight To Re-open
Supply Route Into Jerusalem
JERUSALEM, May 10.—(AP)—A usually reliable Jewish source said today Jews
have occupied all strategic heights on both sides of the mountain pass of Bab El Wad,
crucial stretch along Jerusalem’s supply line from Tel Aviv. :
.He said 4,000 well armed members of the Jewish militia Haganah had carried
thhe occupation in the last two days-in a drive to reopen the Arab-blocked Jerusa
lem-Tel Aviv highway and let food through for this city’s 100,000 Jews. Bab*El Wad
is about 10 miles west of here. g
Previously, this source said,
Haganah men smashed a part of
the Arab-manned roadblock
which had prevented the safe
passage of Jewish food and pas
senger convoys in both directions.
Confirmation from Haganah or
from neutral correspondents who
had gone to the scene was not
available.
Jewish sources said last night
some 500 Haganah Commandos
launched attacks at sundown on
Arab strongholds about two
miles southeast of there. |
Steps were under considera
tion here and in Lake Success.
N. Y, to keep peace and order
in Jeisalem and safeguard its
shrines of the Christian, Jewish
and Mosem religions. Arabs,
Jews and the United Nations
meanwhile worked out their va
rious plans for all Palestine.
Great Britain is to give up her
25-year-old mandate over the
Holy Land Friday night. Unless
something is worked out in the
meantime, the Holy City then
will be without an administra
tion and Palestine without a
recognized government.
Typhoid Outbreaks
The Arab Medical Association
last night reported several cases
of typhoid in Arab quarters of
Jerusalem’s old walled city, fol
lowing typhoid - outbreaks in
Acre and Haifa.
Jewish sources in Haifa re
ported an Arab-Jewish truce
last night to let food convoys
through to Arab Acre and west
ern Galilee Jewish settlements.
Jerusalem Arabs and Jews got
draft proposals last night for a
permanent truce iia the city, ex
tending a temporary one in effect
since Sawgurday.
The proposals came from Gen
eral Sir Alan Gordon Cunning
ham, British High Commissioner
for Palestine, who <had talked
with both sides.
Some quarters said that should
(Continued on Page Two.)
FBI Classes Set
For Local Police
Athens police, beginning May
17, will have ten days of classes
presented and instructed by the
Federal Bureau of Investigation,
Acting Chief of Police Clarence
Roberts announced today,
The police training school is to
be held at the Recorders Court.
room, "hours for classes being
from 2:00 until 4:00 in the after
noon with a repeat from 8:00
until 10:00.
Four special agents of the
F. 8.11. will be in Athens to con
duct courses which will cover
such fields as interviews; arrests
and search of persons; note tak
ing and report writing, collection
and preservation of evidence; ac
cident -records and their use; po
jice courtesy; hit and run -acci
dent investigating: accident in+
vestigations (practical problems);
testifying in court, and two ses:
sions of moot court.
Southern Mutual, Soon To Observe
Its Gentennial; Born In Early Era
It Was Even Before The California Gold
Rush That Famous Company Was Founded
Whether they were moved by the spirit of venture or
led on by exceptional vision, or a combination of both,
the men who organized the Southern Mutual Insurance
Company more than one hundred years ago soon discov
ered there were many problems not at first apparent, but
they held on and succeeded in establishing a business
that today is recognized as having the qualities of dura
bility usually ascribed to the Rock of Gibraltar. -
And so, when the present policy- |
holders, directors, officers and staff
of the Southern Mutual meet in
Athens next month to observe the
Company’s centennial, for its pres-}
ent high rank among insurance or
ganizations and its success
throughout the decades they may
truthfully thank many things for
the Company’s present status—the
vision of its founders, the condi
tions under which it began exis
tence, the need for its services,
sound management and, to some
extent, perhaps to providence. In
fact, in his interesting account 'of
the first Seventy-Five years of
the Company’s life, the late Arthur
E. Griffith, who practically grew
up with it and held every office
from agent on up through Secre
tary, President-Treasurer and
Chairman of the Board, attributes
not an inconsiderable part of its
success to good fortune. .
I Few Precedents
l Men could not see very far
ahead -a Century ago any mord
than they can now, and since there
were few precedents for various
kinds of business the men who
organized the Mutual Insurance
Company which took root, flour
ished and has become an admitted
’ly great institution had to draw
upon, only a meager store of ex
perience in the particular field
they chose to enter. December,
1847, the month and year of the
organization of the Company, was
still earlier than the California
Gold Rsuh - and the era of the
pionieering Forty-Niners. ‘
As a matter of record, these bold
men of the Southern Mutual step
ped out in their venture before]
the Horse and Buggy days. Ox
carts and the covered wagon are
the historic symbols of the era. It
was about the time of the War
with Mexico and “Old Rough and
Ready Too’’ was still an unformed
refrain in the mind of the political
phrase-maker who coined the slo
gan that heiped old Zachery Tax—'
or n i T a 5
Abraham Lincoln was not yet
the nomf;g:fld of _t;‘h: %;guggcan
Party. deed, Republican
(Continued On- Page Two)
GRADY CRAWFORD
INJURED BY
GAS EXPLOSION
Grady Crawrord, local produce
merchant, was reported in fair
condition at:St. Mary’s Hospital
today following a gas explosion
which rocked his business estab
lishment on Broad and Hickory
streets early yesterday.
The accident occurred around
7:45 a. m. in the banana room
of Mr. Crawford’s produce
(Continued on Page Two.)
— . Strike Fever Spregds =
LEWIS GIVES HARD COAL
OPERATORS 60-DAY NOTICE
. WASHINGTON, May 10—
(AP)-—John L. Lewis today gave
hard coal operators a 60-day no
tice of intention to end-the UMW
contract covering 80,000 anthra
cite miners. |
Lewis told the producers that
he wants a new contract for the
United Mine Workers by July%
10. He asked for wage confer
ences to begin May 20, unless a
later date is mutually agreedl
upon. |
The hard coal industry has'
been ,operating since 1946 under
a contract carrying no termina-l
tion date, but allowing either
party to give 30 days notice of
termination whenever desired.
By givig 60 days notice, Lewis
apparently was conforming to a
Taft-Hartley Labor Act require
ment that a party wanting to end
an agreement allow that much
time. e
Lewis gave similar notice on
" LOCAL COTTON 1
I.INCH MIDDLING .. 38 1-d¢
A. B. C. Paper—Single Copy, 5¢
Unions
May Still
Defy Order
WASHINGTON, May 10 —
(AP)—Presiaént Truman -decid
ed today to seize the railroads
in.an effort to bar a crippling,
nation-wide strike tomerrow.
The White - House announced
shortly after 10 a. m. (9 a. m.,
EST), that seizure orders were
in, preparation and would be is
sued .at 1 p. m, (noon, EST).
Mr. Truman appealed to all
railroad workers so stay on their
jobs. iy
"“I call upon every railroad
worker to cooperate with the
government by remaining on
duty,” the seizure statement said.
“I call upon the officers of the
railroad organizations to take
appropriate action to keep their
members at work.”
Mr Truman’s statement added:
“It is essential to the public
health and to the public welfare
generally that every possible step
be taken by the governnient to
assure to the fullest possible ex
tent continuous and uninterrupt
ed transportation service.
“A strike on our railroads
would be a nation-wide tragedy,
with world-wide repercussions.”
It was not immediately clear
whether that would stop the
walkout called by three big rail
road brotherhoods for 6 a. m.
(local railroad time) tomorrow.
Strike committees for the three
unions are meeting here, but
their members had no immediate
comment because the brother
; W
WASHINGTON, May 10
—(AP)—~Alvanley Johnston,
head of the railroad engi
neers, said f{oday the rail
road ‘workers would obey a
court order against a strike,
if the government gets one.
Johnston told that to re
porters as he wssw:oinx to
the White House h heads
of the firemen and switch
men for further conferences.
hood presidents were in confer=
ences at the White House when
the seizure announcement was
made.
The committes would have tg
decide whether to ask the 190,000
members of their three unions
to remain on the job for the gov
ernment—or to walk out in spite
of the federal operation.
With the lines in government
hands, the railroad workers be
come federal employes. The Su
preme court has held (in the
case of John L. Lewis’ coal min
ers) that the government can get
a court order against a strike
once it has seized properties.
Disregard for such a court or=-
der would lay the unions open
to fines ang their officers to
fines and imprisonment.
The White House decision to
seize the railroads were an
nounced when it became élear
ne settlement was likely before
the strike hour.
Operation Unséttled
Officials of the Office of De
fense Transportation said they
had not been advised whether
the Army, the ODT, or some
other agency would operate the
railroads faor the government.
These officials said, how{ver,
(Continued on Page Two.)
April 30 to the soft coal opera
tors, whose eontract expires
June 30. S
The bituminous contract nego
tiatimas are to begin May 18 in
Washington. .
Lewis made no recommenda=
tion where to hold the hard coal
negtoiations, but usually they
are held in New York City.
Illustrating the difference in
relations between Lewis and the
anthracite operators and his
stormy dealings with the much
largcr soft coal industry, Lewis
told the hard coal mine owners,
“we will be glad to have your
answer or suggestions in the
premises.” ; 2 e
The bulk of the hard coal
mines are in eastern Pennsylva
nia. o
Three was no advance indica=
tion of what the contract de=
mands would be. o
BULLETIN