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Vol. CXVI, No. 181.
Soviet Border
Activity Hums
Reds Reported Digging Trenches,
Mounting Guns In Western Germany
BERLIN, Aug. 9.— (AP) —The British-licensed news
paper Telegraf said today the Russians are digging
trenches and mounting weapons, including rocket guns,
on the border between the Soviet occupation zone and
western Germany.
West Envoys
Begin Third
Moscow Talk
voys of the United States, Britain
and France entered the Kremlin
this afternoon for their third con
ference within a week.
U. S. Ambassador Walter Bedell
Smith led the procession into the
Russian seat of government at
4:50 p. m. (8:50 a. m. Eastern
Standard Time). He was followed
by Frank Roberts, special British
envoy and private secretary to
Foreign Secretary Ernest Bevin,
and by French Ambassador Yves
Chataigneau. %
They were to see Foreign Minis
ter Molotov, with whom they con
ferred Friday evening, presumably
about the Berlin blockade, the
German problem and perhaps oth
er differences dividing the West
and East. They talked last Monday
night with Molotov and Premier
Stalin. 5
- Smith conferred with Roberts
more than an hour before going
to the Kremlin.
Five Killed
Over Weekend
ATLANTA, Aug. 9—(AP)—A
retired judge and four other per
sons were killed in weekend high
way accidents in the state, high
way patrol headquarters reported
today.
The dead judge is Clarence E.
Brunson, 75, of Perry, Ga. He was
killed late Saturday when struck
by an automobile while he was
riding a bicycle, troopers W. D.
Cochran and J. P. Oldham, of the
Perry Patrol Station, reported.
" The driver of the car told of
ficers the cyclist suddenly drove
into the highway in front of his
car. ;
Robert Manning Hemphill, 26, of
Chatworth, Ga., was killed early
Sunday when his car failed to
make a curve on U. S. Highway
411, 12 miles Chatsworth, tore
down 50 feet of guard rail on a
bridge over L and N railway, then
plummeted 75 feet into the rail
road gorge.
Vet Leads In ‘
Ky. Senate Race
Louisville, Ky., Aug. 9— (AP)
—Kentucky’s November political
lineup jelled today with the vir
tually completed results in party
primaries focusing on the race
for United States Senator.
Virgil Chapman of Paris, a
veteran of 22 years’ congression
al service, helg' a seemingly safe
lead for the Demgcratic Senator
ial nomination to oppose Sen.
John Sherman Cooper, Somerset
Republican. Sen. Cooper now
holds the Senate seat which is at
stake for a full six-year term.
He won his re-nomination with-.
out an organizéd éampaign, poll
ing a 10-1 advantage over his
lone opponent, Silas A. Sullivan
of Jamestown.
. 3
Romania To Vote
. .
On Soviet Link
INSTANBUL, TURKEY, AUG.
9 —(AP)— Romanian refugee
sources here said today Romania
will decide in a pplebiscite on
Aug. 23 whether to become a
member of the Societ Union.
These sources quoted persons
reported just arrived from Ro
mania. There is no means of con
firming the .story here, but there
have been persistent reports that
such a vote was contemplated.
The newspaper Cumbhuriyet
said it had been informed that‘
many thousands of persons oOp
posed to «the Plebicite have been
arrested since early July and all
hut four Bucharest movie houses
have been taken over as prisons.
. .
300 Die Daily
»
Of Starvation
PEIPING, Aug 9—(AP)—Five
hundred persons a day are starv
ing to death. .in Red Dbeseiged
Changchun and its environs, the
newspaper Shih Chieh Jih Pao
said today.
Within the Manchurian city
200 are dying daily from hunger,
the newspaper said, and in no
man’s land around 300 more are
dying.
ATHENS BANNER-HERALD
The newspaper reported feverish
activity in woods along the zonal
frontiers where, it said, Russian
engineers and construction troops
are “building a security border.”
Telegraf said it obtained this in
formation from Germans who
were pressed into service to heip
dig trenches “and when released
were warned not to mention any
thing.”
This development came as the
Russians hurled new threats at
‘Berlin's anti-Communists, and the
United Stated headed more super
fortresses and its ranking air chiefs
toward Germany.
' American military officials here
said they could not confirm the
Telegraf report. But they added
that frequent reports have been
received of the Russians streng
thening their border installations.
These activities were said to in
clude construction of watch tow
ers, fencing and formidable road
‘barricades.
~ “We can't say precisely what it
‘means,” one official said, “because
the Russians always liked to put
up such physical barriers. How
‘ever, it is known that they, several
{months ago, sharply tightened their
’border controls to stop the flow of
Germans from their zone into the
tAmerican zone,
* Sharp Cut
“This illegal traffic had ranged
around 10,000 persons per month—
people seeking better living con
ditions in the West or just trying
to get out of the Russian zone. New
Russian controls have sharply re
duced that traffic.” _ |
The borders between the Russian
zone -and the- British-American
zone have been virtually sealed
for two months. The Russians first
stopped interzonal travel and
‘transport, allegedly to protect their
zone’s economy. When -the Russians
imposed their blockade es Berlin,
the western powers retaliated by
halting railway traffic from the
West into the Soviet zone.
Only a-trickle of German road
and pedestrian travel now gets
through the seattered control
points.
~ Pravda, meanwhile, published
promingently a Berlin dispatch
charging AmérieAn and British
airmen with 62 flying violations
in the air lift to Berlin. The Com
‘munist party newspaper singled
out various instances of alleged
‘violations by fighier planes as well
as cargo ships. . .
Only Friday the official Soviet
news agency here said American
and British planes running sup
plies ta Berlin could be forced
down for ‘- flight - violations. An
American air force official re
torted . that “things are going to
be pretty rough around here” if
the Russians try.
Food Crisis
A food crisis in the Soviet zone
was indicated. The Russian-con
trolled .press reported strong
measures against food hoarders.
Farmers and distributors who
conceal their stocks or sell them
in the black market are being jail
ed.
The diplomatic maneuvering in
Moscow toward big four talks on
Germany and possibly all Euro
_pean problems was at a temporary
standstill. f
The Russians stepped up their
campaign to intimidate Berlin's
anti-Communists, who are oppos
ing Communist attempts to take
over the entire city.
Mystery Witness Set To Take
Stand In Congress Spy Probe
WASHINGTON, August. 9—
(AP) — The congressional spy
hearing reopened today with
mystery witness Alexander Ko
ral and two men accused of feed
ing wartime secreis to a Red es
pionage network standing by to
testify.
Still - another much-wanted
witness is out of reach in the
Soviet consulate in New York.
But the House Committee on Un-
American Activities awaited
word as to whether a formal de
mand can be made for her ap
pearance.
Acting Chairman Mundt (R.-
S.D.) said a committee agent
was ready with a subpoena for
Mrs. Oksana Stepanovna Koseén
kina if the State Department
rules that diplomatic immunity
does not extend down to consu
lates.
Mrs. Kosenkina, who has been
teaching at a school for Russian
chlidren in New ‘York, is the key
figure in @ dispute between
White - and Red -Russians. The
Soviet consulate says it rescued
her irom the White Russians,
who wanted to prevent her re
Associated Press Service
Invasion Of Panama
Brews In Costa Rica
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GUARDS SEIZE MAKESHIFT BOMBS—Captain Carl
Anderson (left), Colonel G. R. Aytes, and Captain
John Calhoun (right), of the Tennessee National
Guard, examine dynamite sticks taped together to
form bombs after scizing them in a house on the out
skirts of Benton, Tenn., during one of the many raids
made in an effort to restore peace. The guard was
ordered to Benton, county seat of Polk county, during
Tennessee primary elections, in an effort to forestall
expected rioting. B ; ;
| :
T A Y
- Great Car —
But You Still
Gotta Have Tags
£ SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 9—
. (AP)—An automobile design
ed by Edward T. Adkins, for
mer navy chief petty officer,
for handicapped war veterans
made a successful shakedown
trip except for one thing.
The airplane-type stick for
steering worked. The push
button controls were OK. It
ran by gasoline motor or elec
tric power.
Among the added features:
An electric torch and drill,
movie ecamera, radio, magazine
rack, automatic fire-fighting
equipment, and an ice cream
making machine,
But the Palo Alto man hit
a snare when he tried to cross
the San Francisco-Oakland
Bay bridge yesterday. -
Police said he had to have
license plates.
“The one thing I forgot,”
said Adkins.
BOSWELL AMENDMENT
MOBILE, Ala., Aug. 9—(AP)—
Alabama’s Boswell amendment,
which might set the pattern for
the white South’s fight against
mass Negro voting, faced its
‘first court test here today.
turn to the U. S. S. R. The White
ussians say the woman came to
them for refuge and in fear of
her life, only to be taken away
to th, consulate Saturday against
WASHINGTON, Aug. 9 —
(AP)—Victor Perlo, accused
of slipping wartime govern
ment secreis to Red spies, as
serted today that he had
“pnever violated the laws or
interests of my country.” He
denounced the charges as
“inventions of irresponsible
sensation seekers.”
‘her desires. ’
Mundt says he doesn’t know
the truth about the affair. But he
said the committee would like to
question Mrs. Kosenkina because
he understands she is willing to
talk about all phases of Soviet
“intrigue” in this country. ;
Second Story F
Meanwhile, the case of a sec
ond Russian school teacher who
passed up his scheduled return
to the Soviet Union and, in addi-
SERVING ATHENS AND NORTHEAST GEORGIA OVER A CENTURY
BULLETIN
ATHENS, CA., MONDAY, AUGUST 9, 1948,
e - N o~
lGuards Watch
Ballot Count
In Tennessee
BENTON, Tenn., Aug. 9—(AP)
—The State Highway Patrol rein
forced its ranks for today’s of
ficial counting of ballots cast in
last wéek’s bloody and disorderly
Polk county general election:
State Safety Commissioner Lynn
Bomar said he requested about 15~J
more men to insure the peace un
til after the official election re
sults were announced.
A National Guard unit also has
been standing by since Friday fol
lowing the outburst of ballot box
troubies that brought death to
three persons and injuries to sev
eral others.
» Guard 'Lt. Col. G. R. Aytes re
ported yesterday that his men shot
at two automobiles which ran road
blocks set up to inspect cars tra
veling in an out of Benton. | |
. After their automobile tires
were punctured, Aytes related, the
occupants were questioned and re
leased. He said they did not un-‘
derstand the stop signals of the
guardsmen. j
The military and peolice guards
were sent here by Gov. Jim Mc-‘
Cord to quell the disorders and
keep down violence after friction
developed between two political
factions. g
Three persons have been
charged with suspicion of murder,
and a fourth with attempted mur
der, as a result of the deaths.
tion, took his story to the FBI,
also held the committee’s atten
tion.
Mundt said he will call Mich
ael Ivanovitch Samarin for ques
tioning “ if we can find him.”
Mundt’s assertion came after
he had' received a report that
Samarin had given himself up to
the FBI. The FBI acknowledged
that the teacher had appeared at
Bureau = headquarters <in New
York yesterday and asked for an
interview. -
The FBI spokesman insisted
Samarin was not being held in
custcdy but added: “I'm sure he
can be found if he is wanted.”
Samarin and his famliy had
been, scheduled to sail for Rus
sia last month on the same boat
as Mrs. Kosenkina. The Soviet
consul general said Saturday
that Samarin was staying at a
White Russian retreat in New
Jersey but that the consulate in
tended to “take steps” to get
him start¥l back home. ’
Parallel Probe
Mundt did not indicate just
when he would try to arrange an
(Continued on Page Two.)
*
l Ousted President Reported
® *®
| Organizing “Revenge” Force
F :PANAMA, Panama, Aug. 9.— (AP) —High govern
ment sources said today former Preeident Arnulfo Arias
Madrid is organizing an armed invasion of Panama from
Costa Rica.
Arias, who fled Panama last week after being declared
‘the loser in the May presidential elections, is working
_with the general staff of the Costa Rican army, these in
formants asserted. .
Democrats
Urge Truman
To Sign Bills
WASHINGTON, Aug. 9—(AP)
—Some of his best friends in
Congress urged President Tru
f’man today to sign the Republican
housing and credit control bills.
They were passed by special
[sefision which quit Saturday
night after 13 days of political
(in~fighting on Captol Hill.
Senator Hatch of New Mexico,
chairman of the Democratic cam=-
paign speakers committee, told a
reporter:
“Inadequate as these measures
are, I still think they represent
some advance over what we have
now and I hope the President
signs them.”
* Senator Lucas of Illinois, the
assistant Democratic leader, said
he feels the President will be
“compelled” to sign them.
“But I am sure that when he
idoes, lm-iFSe able to tell the
country just how inadequate and
how meager they are,” Lucas de
clared.
There were indications that
en he-gets around to acting on
the measures, Mr. Truman will
do just that. His party members
expect the President to use blis
ering language in describing .the
Republicans’ refusal to give him
the price-wage and rationing
controls he said are necebsary
to bring down the high cost of
living.
But the Republicans had a
ready answer to anything Mr.
Truman might say about infla
tion — a contention that he has
hampered congressional investi
gations into Communist activities
in the government. l
Athens Taxi Driver Linked
With Crawfordville Assualt
James Stovall, Athens cab
driver, is being held today in
Crawfordville, Ga., on charges of
assault with intent to murder.
Stovall is being held on joint
charges lodged against himself
and O. T. Summers, 41-year-old
father, who was arrested yester
day after an altercation with his
estranged wife from whose home
he took his seven-year-old son.
Sheriff R. M. Moore, who
made both arrests, said that
Summers was also charged with
breaking into a dwelling and with
the unlicensed possession of a re
volver. Summers allegedly struck
his wife, from whom he separ
ated about a week ago, during an
altercation at her home in Sha-!
ron. Stovall accompanied Sum
mers to her home. |
Both men are scheduled for a
preliminary hearing this after
noon. |
Stovall has been employed as a
taxi-cab driver in Athens and
last worked here about four
weeks gao, it was disclosed by
ATHENS AND VICINITY
Partly cloudy this after
noon and Fuesday with pos
sible scattered showers Tues
day.
GEORGIA—PartIy cloudy
north and considerably cloudy
in south portion with Ilittle
change in temperature this
afterncon, tonight, and Tues
day. Scattered afternoon thun
dershowers exireme south por
tion.
TEMPERATURE
Highodt . 0 v iy 89
Lowest ..0 vt e
MORH . 0 i ibiii iTR
WY . ik ik e
RAINFALL
Inches last 24 hours .. .. .00
Total since August 1 ... 3.21
ixcess since Augusi i ... ‘;.851
Average August rainfall . 4.67
Total since January 1 ...41.41
Excess since January 1 .. 9.41‘
- A force of “foreign mercennrieg,"
they added, “is poised to invade
the country along the border zone
at Puerto Armuelles.”
Puerto Armuelles is in Panama,
near-the Cesta Rican border, on
the Pacific Ocean.
The informants said Arias,
whose government-backed liberal
party opponent, Domingo Diaz
Arosemena, has been declared
president-elect, went to San Jose
by way of Colombia. Reports from
Puerto Armuelles said ‘“‘a large
number” of Arias’ followers have
crossed into Costa Rica in the last
few days, using banana plantations
trails; |
As soon as news reached here
that Arias was in San Jose, na
tional police began picking up
members of his party organiza
tion. |
Secret Info
The government sources did not
disclose the source of their in
formation concerning Arias. It
was learned that Jose Daniel
Crespo, former minister of educa
tion and liberal party member,
went to Costa Rica yesterday aft
ernoon to confer with Jose Fig
'ueres, chief of the government
Junta there.
Deputy Generoso Simmons is
scheduled to go to Managua,
Nicaragua, today for a conference
with Anastasio Somoza, Nicara
gua’s strong man. Crespi was re
ported to have been accompanied
by Maj. Cortes, Aide-de Camp to
Otilio Ulate Blanco, Costa Rica’s
president-elect, .now, visiting in
Panama.. i . SR ‘
Panama has beéen under a state
of emergency since July 4, follow
ing an armed clash between Arias’
party members and the national
police. Arias spent a fortnight in
the canal zone after that and then
returned to Panama, but fled into
exile again last week, declaring
that his life was in danger.
Arias .is known to enjoy great
popularity in Costa Rica. A border
settlement he made with Costa
Rica during his administration as
Panama’s president in 1940-41 was
very . popuiar with the Costa
Ricans.
local cab companies. He worked
for the Veterans’ Cab Company
about a month and has been driv
ing aiCo-Op cab off and on for
the past several years.
Local Market Operators Favor
Women’s Drive On Meat Prices
By HOKE SMITH MAY
A survey of several local meat-'
markets and butcher shops by the
Banner-Herald toaay revealed an
assortment of ideas concerning
the campaign in progress by Ath- |
ens house-wives to lower infla-!
ted meat prices. Although there |
was some difference of opinion |
among retailers on the uwtimate
effect of the drive, they all agreed ,
t_hat meat prices should come
down.
One local meat retailer had'
rather gioomy prospects for the'
Lring~-meat-price-down campaign, |
asserting: ;
“Sure they'll bring prices dovmn !
by laying off buying for a week. !
That's the old law of supply and!
demand. But when they start bu}'|
ing again, the meat 1s just as|
scarce as it was before, and upl
go the prices.”
All of the meat dealers contacted
agreed on this:
“With the packers prices as high |
as they are we aren’t maki
thing now, We'd like to see the
prices come down.’
Although skeptical as to how
unified the women wonld h- i 1
their drive to curb meat buying, .
one butcher opined:
“If they'd rea'ly stick together
and not buy. meat. thev cov'd
bring the prices down.’ He said
that prices were so.high row,
and, subsequently, mest buying !
so slow, thdt he was not making |
anvthing from meat sales. In con
clusion the retailer s=id that he
believed a meat boycott “is the
only wav to brine prices down.”
The Women's Committee, the
groun behind the mea¥ess week
Srive, have stated that their cam
paign is not directed at the lo
cal dealers, wecause they kunow
{Constnusd en Page Two.)
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LOSES FINGERS TO MEAT GRIMDER — Her arm
jammed up to the elbow in a meat grinder, Ann Fow
ler, 17, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, chain store employe,
is given an anaesthetic as employes of a steel?:é‘lz&‘
(background) prepare to cut the grinder away, with
hacksaws. The victim was rushed from the storeto a
hospital, then to the steel plant where the operation
took place. Miss Fowler suffered the losg of three fin
wers and a thumb. ‘ o
WASHINGTON, Aug. 9.—(AP)—A 1948 bumper cot
ton crop of 15,169,000 bales was forecast by the Agri
culture Department teday. -
Such’a crop would be the seventh largest on record.
The top yield was 18,946,00 produced in 1937.
The 1948 indicated = crop is
3,318,000 bales more than last
year's crop and 3,155,000 bales
more than the ten-year (1937-46)
average. -
| The indicated yield of 3135
pounds per acre is the highest on
record,—l4,6 pounds above the
previous record of 298.9 pounds
in 1944, :
The department said the un-,
‘usually high yields in prospect
are due not only to exceptionally
favorable growing conditions, but
also to increased use of fertiliz
er, and a larger proportion of
the cotton acreage being planted
in heavy-yielding areas,
Ti a companion report, = the
census bureau said 258,928 run
ning bales of this year’s cotton
¢rop had been ginned prior to
Aug. 1. This compares with 193,-
638 ginned io the same date last
year and 171,641 to the same
date two years ago. I
Theé 'condition 'of ‘the cotton
crop on Aug.” 1 was reported at
85 'percent of normal. This com
pares with 78 percent & year ‘ago
and 76 percent for the ten-year
average, : .
The indicated yield of lint cot
ton per acre was reported at
313.5 pounds, compared with
267.2 last year and 254,2 for “1%
ten-year average. ‘
Continued On Page 2
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«SANDWICHES” PROTEST MEAT PRICES — The
two men above are patrolling the streets of Camden,
N. J.. acting as sandwich men in protesting the kigh
prices of meat. Such protests are springing up constant
ly throughout the nation. e o el
Home
Edition
Bolt Kills 62
In Shanghai
SHANGHAI, Aug. 9—(AP)—
Sixty<two men and women were
dead today as a result of lightning
striking a shirt factory yesterday.
Twenty-eight others are expected
to die.
The disaster occurred at the
Yung Pei shirt factory, a four story
building where 140 persons were
at work.
U.S.Flagsln
Warsaw Parade
WARSAW, Aug. 9-—=(AP)—
Twelve persons carrying a United
States Flag joined demonstrators
here yesterday in shouting “down
with the Marsghall plan, down
with American imperialists.”
The parade by 1,000 . youths
from 50 nations was part -of the
Communist-backed Interfiational
conference of working youth. It
opened a six-day session ygster
day. ' e