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PAGE EIGHT
~ ATHENS BAMNER HE ‘
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DAILY MEDITATIONS
Not everyone that saith
unto me, Lord, Lord, shall
enter into the kingdom of
! heaven, but he that doeth the
- will of my Father which is
in heaven.—Gospel of St. Matthew 7:21.
Have you a favorite Bible verse? Mail to
A. F. Pledger, Holly Heights Chapel.
PR R R R eRI G e
Dipping Info the Pork Barrel
.
Is an Election Year Hobby
BY PETER EDSON
NEA Washington Correspondent
WASHINGTON. — (NEA) — The biennial pork
barrel bill is always a fascinating piece of legisla
tion for detailed study. President Truman recently
sent Congress a special message on it, criticizing
it, though he signed it.
The correct name for this bill is the Rivers and
Harbors and Flood Control Act of 1950. The total
euthorized for this year’s bill was $1,800,000,000.
But $96,000,000 worth of this year’s authorizations
were so bad that even the President had to protest.
It's the strangest thing, but these flood control
snd rivers and harbors bills have a way of getting
passed only in election years. There was such a bill
in 1940. It called for 181 projects. President Roose
velt vetoed it because he said only 22 of the pro
jects would contribute to the national defense. He
said he would sign a bill if Congress would trim off
all the non-defense mreasures—the pork. Congress
promptly complied and the bill went through,
There were no major flood control naor rivers and
harbors bills during the war. Somehow the country
survived on the lean ration with less pork.
In 1944, however, there was a dandy big flood
control bill passed to make up for lost time, as it
were. And there were others in 1946 and 1948. All
were election-year measures, and this brings the
story up to the fiood conirl and rivers and harbors
bills of 1950.
The rivers and harbors part of the bill takes care
of 94 projects, As passed by the House, there were
only 65 projects authorized, but the Senate saw to
it that 29 more were included. The House took care
»f 26 states and the Senate added five more.
As the bill left the House‘ it authorized expendi
tures of $119,000,000. The Senate added another
sß4,ooo,ooo—in the interests of economy, of course.
Total, $203,000,000. This is just the original cost.
Further upkeep is estimated at around $700,000 a
year.
Some of the projects were little, like SIB,OOO to
dredge out Eight-mile River in Connecticut, $14,000
to take care of Fly Creek in Alabama, and $21,000
for Twitch Cove, Maryland, Biggest iteny was $70,-
000,000 authorization for the Arkansas River, plus
% $10,000,000 more for the same river added by the
~ Senate, The Southeast, incidentally, was well taken
care of, getting 48 of the authorizations.
President Truman later objected to four of these
projects: $45,000 for Sandy Hook, N. J.; $76,000 for
Anne Rundel County; Md.; $918,000 for the St,
Mary’s River in Georgia and Florida, and $1,356,000
to deepen a Detroit River channel. On this last pro
_Ject, it seems that the only beneficiary would have
been one power company.
HIGH COST OF CONTROLLING FLOODS
The flood control part of the bill—which is where
the big money always goes—tock in a lot of land
and water, The House first authorized 40 projects
- to cost an estimated $998,000,000. The Senate then
added 24 other projects to cost $251,000,000 more.
These projects were authorized in 33 states, in
cluding 12 states that got nothing from rivers and
. harbors money. In fact, the only five states which
seem to get nothing out of this year’s pork barrel
bill are New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont,
Utah and Tennessee, The last-named state of course
gets it out of Tennessee Valley Authority appropria
tions. But the other four should feel insulted or
proud, depending on how you look at it.
The big rivers got the big money: $250,000,000
for the Missouri, $200,000,000 for lower Mississippi.
$100,000,000 for the Ohio, $75,000,000 for the Co
. lumbia, $40,000,000 apiece for Los Angeles and Wil
~lamette basins, and so on. ;
President Truman objected te five of ihe proposed
projects to cost an estimated total of $84,000,000.
His reasons were that they weren’t well enough
Planned. A $16,000,000 project at Eagle Gorge,
Wash., was oppesed because local interests whose
property would be enhanced weren’t willing to eon
fribute more than $2,000,000 themselves.
The $36,000,000 Grand Neosho project in Okla
homa was opposed because it would yield only
$1.04 for every $1 invested. And the $20,000,000
Bayou Moto project in Arkansas was frowned on
because the Corps of Engineers has no authority to
do irrigation work. Also, there was originally a
provision in this one that would have required the
Jovernment to take payment in crops.
President Truman also found fault with seven
sther projects, to cost $11,000,000 because Congress
had approved them without project reports. In
election years, they get impatient,
The gimmick in all this is that none of this is
spending money. It is authorizations for future
spending. Not one cent has been appropriated for
any of the 160 projects. The net effect is that it
makes a lot of congressmen look good at home b:-
cause they got through a bill authorizing a dredging
or dam building operation on the local Sugar
Lrick. There are already some 12 years of backlog
;""k in such projects authorized but not appropri
#ed for in past electlon years.
Not Easy to Fix the Blame
. r
For China’s Fall o Reds
It isn’t easy for any of us to thread our way
through the maze of charges leveled against the
State Department in the past three months. But still
we have to try. 3
Much of the criticism hinges on the fact that
China fell to the Communists. It seems to be as
sumed that the United States could have prevented
the defeat of Chiang Kai-shek’s government had it
pursued a wiser foreign policy.
From there the jump is short to the conclusion
that the State Department is to blame for this dis
astrous outcome, The final step is the claim that
Communists infiltrating or influencing the depart
ment deliberately engineered Chiang’s downfall,
Could this country really have saved China?
General Marshall, who was Secretary of State
when the decision was made to abandon him, de
nies that it was possible except at great cost and at
risk of war. He declares, furthermore, that no
Communist influenced his decision to give up on
Chiang.
Now we have some similar testimony fromr
George Kennan, department’ counselor now on
leave. He is not an unprejudiced witness, zny more
than is Marshall, but Kennon is acknowledged to
be a thoughtful man with a deep understanding of
communism,
Kennan says that to blame the department for
Nationaiist China’s coliapse would make sense only
if China were a sort of U. S. province. It leaves no
room for the pecssibility that Chiang's governmenti
operated independently and was subject to many‘
world influences which might have contributed to%
its failure, 1
. Kennan insists that Chiang was indeed a free
agent, More than that, he says the generalissimo
and his top men persistently failed to heed U. S.
warnings that their early post-war course was
leading toward disaster, The Nationalists, contends
Kennan, only wanted to involve the U. S. so deeply
that we would be forced to take over the major
burden of responsibility.
We have Marshall’'s word that it came to that:
either make China a virtual U. S. protectorate, or
get out of that area completely.
Marshall chose to abandon Chiang because of the
risk of war and because of our existing heavy com
mitments in Europe, He felt, in other words, that
we couldn’t save the whole world at once,
No critic has yet proved he was influenced in
this decision by any Communist. Nor has anyone
shown how we could have gone more deeply into
China without incurring greater dangers than we
now face from the Reds’ sweep of that country.
If Marshall and Kennan are right, then Chiang
in 1946-48 was beyond saving by any reasonable
U. S, policy. What the average Amrerican must still
settle for himself is whether more remote U. S.
decisions had helped to send Chiang downhill to
the point where his case was hopeless.
The alternative, of course, is that the National
ists’ defeat was not the specific result of U, S. pol
icy failures—no matter how remote—but was the
product of broad world currents whose power was
too little understood by any of us.
Who foresaw, for example, how large Russian
communism would loom in a world prostrated by
war? Yet most of us approved the military events
- that gave the post-war world that shape.
Perhaps in the end we must all share responsi
bility for China’s fall. In any case, the causes seem
to lie well in the past. It will be hard to prove that
the present stewards of our foreign policy are to
blame.
Itlsn’t Cricket
To most of us South Africa is a far-away land
that seldom figures in our thinking. But there is one
South African probably familiar to everyone who
reads newspapers and looks at newsreels and pic
ture magazines. He is Jan Christian Smuts, long
time prime minister of the country, who is now out
of power,
For many years Smuts was the symbol of his na
tion as Winston Churchill was of wartime Britain.
The serene, stalwart South African spoke with wis
dom and strength in Allied counciis through two
world wars. He is a man of world stature, honored
by statesmen everywhere,
It was with regret, therefore, that we read that
the present extreme rightist government of South
Africa put a damper on celebration of his recent
80th birthday, That government must be shaky in=
deed if it cannot risk allowing tribute to its First
Citizen simply because he happens to be a political
rival.
South Africa’s government might say it's none of
our business. In reply we'd say that where a man
of Smuts’ caliber is concerned, it's the world’s
affair.
As long as the majority of human beings have to
go through a brutish daily struggle for enough to
eat it is foolish to talk of world peace. — General
Dwight Eisenhower.
The state of Israel is a living thing—it is a na- ‘
tion. I am proud our government was the first to
recognize it.—Vice-President Alben W. Barkley.
The supreme challenge (of the second half of the
20th century) is presented by that great majority of
the population of the world — over 1,600,000,000—
whose poverty, hunger and insecurity ranst be sube
stantially remedied. — United Nations Secretary-
General Trygve Lie, on “backward” peoples.
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BARRACKPORE AIRPORT
TO BE USED AGAIN 3
~ CALCUTTA — (AP) - Barr
rackpore Airport, which éuring
the war servied the American Air
Transport Command will soon be
used to relieve the congestion in
the nearby Dum Dum Airfield.
The Civil Aviation Oepartment
has started at the airfield, prepar
ing it for daily average of 100
heavy commercial aircraft arrivals
and departures.
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