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PAGE EIGHT
VERLIGNS - BANNER HERALD
\ 1 B 4 £ V 4 é 4
Aéfii“lb‘k’ ’/‘\‘la\ d‘lg‘f ‘
ENTABLIHED 1832
Published Cvery Fvening fxcept Saturiay and Sunlay and on Sunday Morning by Athens Publishing
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e a 0 R . Re i A S
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: DAILY MEDITATIONS
b, Honour thy father and thy
B mother, that thy days may
be long upon the land which
the Lord thy God giveth thee,
—Exodus 20:12.
Have you a favorite Bible verse? Mail to
V A. F. Pledger, Holly Heights Chapel.
.
~ Georgia Cavalcade
" Georgia's First Convention, First State
Governor, and First Eight Counties
By GUS BERND, Historical Assistant,
Office of Secretary of State
When Georgians revolted against England and
sanctioned the Declaration of Independence in 1776
it was necessary that the entire character of the
government be changed from that of a colony to
that of a sovereign and independent state. A Pro
vineial Congress had been set up soon after revo
lution began; and this body established a temporary
government which functioned until the new gov
ernment was put into operation in 1777.
A provisional governor, called a “president,” and
a council were parts of this temporary government,
A so-called Council of Safety was a very powerful
body in controlling things during the early days ot
the Revolution in Georgia. The last Royal Gover
nor, Sir James Wright, was arrested early in 1776
but managed to escape 1o a British ship and fled
the Colony. Under the Royal government Georgia
had 12 parishes as territorial divisions. They were:
St. Andrew, St. David, St. George, St. James, St.
Johns, St. Marys, St. Matthew, St. Patrick, St. Paul,
St. Philip, St. Thomas, and Christ Church.
The Constitution of 1777, Georgia's first, was the
framework for her government as a sovereign
state. It was 63 articles in length; and provided for
the three separate branches of government —the
executive, legislative, and judicial—as did American
Constitutions generally, The legislature was called
the House of Assembly and was unicameral. The
Executive Department consisted of a governor and
an Executive Council. The council was the gover
nor's advisory board. The governor was somewhat
subservient to it, since the early Georgians feared
strong executives. The Judiciary consisted of vari
ous courts: a Superior Court for each county to try
cases involving murder, felonies, etc., and Courts of
Conscience similar to the present Justice of the
Peace Courts to handle nrinor cases, and in addition
a so-called “supreme court” in the counties. A State
Supreme Court came in Georgia many years later.
Eight counties replaced the 12 colonial parishes.
“They were: Camden, Glynn, Chatham, Liberty,
Burke, Eiffingham, Richmond and Wilkes. They had
the same names as these counties of today; but were
much larger in area. Many new counties have since
been cut from these original ones. But they com
prised only about one-fourth of the area of present
Georgia, the remainder being unsettled and unor
ganized at that tinve.
2. The first Constitution was adopted on February
§, 1777. A law of June 7, 1777, declared the new
Constitution the supreme law of Georgia. Archibald
Bulloch had served as_President of Georgia for a
few months. He died before the Constitution of
1777 became effective and was succeeded by Button
Gwinnett, who held the title of “President” and
“Commander in Chief” and led an wunsuccessful
military expedition against the British in Florida.
He snubbed Colonel Lachlan Mclntosh, not even
permitting Mclntosh to accompany his own troops.
The House of Assembly under the first Georgia
state government was organized on a County Unit
basis but according to the relative voting strength
of each of the eight counties. Suffrage was limited,
as ip all early American governments, to male
whites who mot certain requirements; but all me
chanics could vote. A penalty was imposed for fail
ure of a qualified citizen to vote unless he had a
*reasonable excuse” for failure to do so. The pen
alty was five pounds.
The legislative and unit formula of the Constitu
tion of 1777 represented closely the actual differ
ences in the population of the counties. It was thus
somewhat different in principle from that of today.
Liberty county, then the largest, had 14 represen
tatites. The counties of Chatham, Effingham,
Burke, Richmond and Wilkes each had 10 represen
tatives. And the sparsely populated counties of
Glynn and Chatham had only one representative
each, The town of Savannah in Chatham had four
representatives in addition to Chatham’s 10: and
Sunbury in Liberty had two additional represen
tatives. Since the Assembly elected the Governor
then, these representatives were actually unit votes.
In addition to the House of Assembly, there was an
Executive Council composed of 12 men, two from
€ach of the six larger counties, who shared execu
tive power with the Covernor.
The Covernor was eligible to serve only one year
at a time under this early Constitution: and his
eligibility for re-election was limited to a service
of only one out of every three years.
John Adam Truezen was elected first Governor
of the State of Georgia. He was descended from the
Salzburgers, having arrived at Ebenezer as a youth
and having been tutored there by John Martin
Bolzius. He was a civic-spirited citizen. held many
positions during tas career, and was an ardent pat
riot and supporter of the Revolutionary cause. The
election of Truetlen over Button Gwinnett in this
first election under the first Constitution led to
name calling between the antagonists Gwinnett and
Mclntesh. They fought a duel in May, 1777; and
Gwinnett was fatally wounded.
. The young State had pulled anchor and had set
sail on the stormy seas of struggle and growth
which have always been c¢haracterisiic of the
Georgia way of life.
Rural Atfack Upon County |
| New Not |
Unit System New Nose |
A pew approach in the long fight to abolish the
Georgia County Unit System has been made by
Editor Ed Methvin of the Eastman Times-Journal,
a newspaper founded by his grandfather in Dodge
county in 1873. l
Heretofore, all the fighting against the County
Unit System has been carried on by groups {ronr the
cities.
This is the first time to our knowledge that a
rural voter has attacked the system and sought to
abolish it,
Mr. Methvin claims under the County Unit Sys
tem that he, a resident of a rural county, has been
discriminated against and deprived of his rights.
His approach is to claim damages from two offi
cials of the Georgia Democratic Executive Com
mittee, Chairman James Peters and Mrs. Iris
Blitch, former secretary of the committee. i
Governor Herman Talmadge said the suit, filed
in a state court, would be defended, possibly by
Attorney General Eugene Cook and others.
It seems to us that a state court is the proper
place to decide the County Unit issue.
In fact, the federal courts have refused to touch
the question in the past and unless the state courts
can act as to the constitutionality of the law, it is
not likely that its legality will ever be determined.
For years it has been argued that the unit sys
tem discriminated against city voters.
Now we hear from the citizen of a rural county
that it also discriminates against rural voters.
Maybe the issue can be taken from the realmr of
urban-versus-rural politiecs and decided upon how |
it affects the indlve~uar rights of Georgra cttizens, |
no matter where they live, instead of whether it
gives more power to the rural communities than it
does to the cities. |
.
Tenor Of Inquiry Changed
.
By GOP Questioners
When the inquiry into Asian policies was begun
with the questioning of General Douglas MacArthur
it appeared that it wouid be held upon a high
plane.
Democratic as well as Republican members of the
joint Armed Services and Foreign Relations Com
mittees were courteous to General MacArthur and
refrained from asking propaganda questions,
But this attitude has not continued into the ques
tioning of General George C. Marshall.
Most of the senators questioning General Mar
shall have shown him the consideration his position
and long experience and exceptional service to the
nation warrants, but Senator Alexander Wiley of
Wisconsin, one of those Republicans who seems to
put the interests of his party above the interests
of the country, has attenrptes to question General
Marshall as if he were cross-examining a criminal
on trial for murder.
Instead of showing that they are seeking infor
mation upon which they and the country can base
sensible judgment senators such as Wiley are try
ing to use this hearing as a sounding board for
Republican political propaganda.
If this kind of thing keeps up the hearings will
result only in a great loss of time while leaders
the nation needs will be taken away from their
important duties to be grilled by cheap politicians
of the stripe of Senators Wiley and Bridges.
It is a pity that there are men in the Congress of
the United States who have no more regard for
their country’s welfare than do Senators Wiley,
Bridges, Wherry, Taft and McCarthy.
.
What Price Throttlebottom?
National Press Club bar, from whence all hot
Washington rumors flow, has already started its
“Moody for President” boom, honoring Detroit
News correspondent Blair Moody, just named U. S.
senator from Michigan, succeeding the late Arthur
Vandenberg,
No urgency about thé boom. “The man needs
seasoning and experience,” his self-appointed hand
lers declare. He’s still young—only 49. By 1956 he’ll
be 55, which would be just about right for a vice
presidential nomination. And though this is still
only a gag, it is generally admitted that Press Club
Member Moody could not possibly be worse than
some of the candidates they have.had.
Railroads are bucking the St. Lawrence Seaway |
project on grounds that they could haul all the iron |
ore necessary and thus save government construc
tion costs on locks. Comparative costs are not men- 1
tioned. But railroads would like to have the busi
ness to provide cargo for return of coal cars from
Atlantic seaboard to the Pittsburgh steel making
area, Cars now have to be brought back emmpty
after hauling export coal to Norfolk, Baltimore and
Philadelphia. If the government insists on building
St. Lawrence seaway, Association of American
Railroads proposes that the project be operated on
a toll basis instead of toll-free, so as to pay off con
struction costs.
George Bernard Shaw did nothing for the vil
lage while he was alive and man'y pecple here
think that a shrine to him is silly.—lsabella Lyth,
postmistress, Aygot St. Lawrence, England.
I think I'll put it in the bank — that’s the best
place for money, isn’t it?—James NMcElroy, 45-year- '
old handyman who inherited SIOO,OO from his
boss
.
THE BANNER-HERALD, ATHENS, GEORGIA
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: - STAFEINTELLIGENCE |- v i i ] ONNCE OFFICER |6
Sir Terence S Aipey, |SO i R e R e e Guillerme Le Bigol, [ e
CHAIN OF COMMAND in Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers in Europe.
That Everybody Likes To Be A
Bia Shot Is Basis For Business
By CYNTHIA LOWRY
(For Hal Boyle)
NEW YORK —(AP)— Everyone
likes to be a big shot once in a
while. Everyone likes to see the
red carpet rolled out in front of
them.
That was the theory on which
Bill and Charlotte Murphy have
built a substential business: Sell
ing services and performing odd
jobs, some of them very odd, in
deed.
“When I was in the Nay during
the war,” Murphy explained, “I
saw the way very important peo
ple reacted to the special treat
ment the armed services gave
them. I figured there was a*ecivil=-
ian buck to be made—and so we
started VIP service.”
At war’s end, hotel rooms were
at a premium in New York, so the
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Power-wise, stamina-wise, economy-and-handling
wise, you get every advantage when you have a Chev
rolet Advance-Design truck on the job. That's a fact
because the Chevrolet truck you choose—whether it's
for light, medium or heavy duty—is engineered for the
job. It’s built to do your job, do it right, and keep on
doing it, through the roughest, toughest kind of service.
Just check the features you get when you choose
Chevrolet—see for yourself what they do for you—and
you'll know that this is the truck for you. Then come in
and look over these new 1951 Chevrolet trucks.
o e —— r’\)
- fizsf % /e.man;(;@/ {
\ Frstinvalie
ADVANCE-DESIGN TRUCKS \n’“h\g
MORE CHEVROLET TRUCKS IN USE THAN ANY OTHER MAKE!
Murphy’s first special services
consisted mainly of finding rooms
and picking up hard-to-get thea
ter tickets for visiting industrial
brass. VIP has expanded since
then and their chores have in
finitely more variety.
Big Job
They do Arthur Godfrey’s
Christmas shopping, for instance,
wholesale sortie into the market
which sets the red-head back
$15,000 to $20,000 a year.
They set up New York holidays
for thousands, ranging from pro
duction giants to local quiz-con
test winners. |
They set up—on request—back
stage meetings of clients with fav
orite stars, with photographic evi
dence of the occasion.
They arranged the sale of 60
surplus U. S. planes to the govern-
UNIVERSITY CHEVROLET CO.
ment of Pakistan——and the same
day fixed it for an out-of-town
girl to dine, without male escort,
in the restaurant of her dreams
and see the celebrities. She had
saved her money for the blowout
for a year,
‘Sometimes our clients just tell
us frankly that they want to im
press someone,” Bill Murphy said.
“The other day it was the Euro
pean representative of an Ameri
can corporation who wanted to
impress a cute blonde in the home
office.
“He knew what he wanted:
third-row aisle seats for ‘Guys and
Dolls,” a choice spot for dinner at
‘2l’ where he was to be greeted
by name, and a ringside table at
the Copacabana where the mana
ger was to drop over for a friendly
little talk, We got him the full
treatment ,and he got the girl.”
Full Service |
An out-of-town pair asked VIP
to make complete arrangements
for a Manhattan wedding. Murphy
complied and then—in the absence
of family and friends—stepped up
No other truck offers all these GREAT FEATURES
GREAT ENGINE » Single-Unit Rear Axla Housings « Improved Full-Width Cab Sest
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« Valve-in-Head Efficiency . N'?w Ddu'al-sgqe) Parking Brake o Side Doors Held Open by
. eavy-duty models
* Blue-Flame Combustion o New Torque-Action Brakes Over-Center Stop
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« Specialized 4-Way Lubrication MPSIE WIS SUDIRN N onepon o Piok-U :
: -Up Bodies with Fiush Skid
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‘ “ n m l“.
The Murphys' original business
came from big eongerns willing I
pay to fi:vo thelr officidls take
care of in New York. Now one of
thelr big jobs is to “service” some
40 radio and television quiz shows
—getting the prizes which are giv~
en away to contestants. This grew
from assignments to handle all
expense New York vacations for
radio contest-winners. Charlotte
Murphy is the VIP official “shop
per."
All of their assignments are not
gay ones, The wife of a client,
dying of an incurable disease, re
quested a bottle of rare wine of
certain vintage. Murphy flnally‘
located one bottle in the cellar of
a wealthy Mexican, It was flown
to its destination. Another client
asked help in locating then-scarce
streptomyecin for his aged and
ailing father in Poland. Within
hours the drug was aboard a plane.
Bing Asks Ald
Bing Crosby once asked for
emergency help. Crosby, who hates
height, was given a suite high up
in a New York hotel which was
bursting at the seams. VIP ca
joled, pleaded and finally wangled
a second floor room for the croon
er.
Some clients have given him a
little trouble. There was the In
dian potentate who was preparing
to build a fire on the floor of his
suite so that his goat meat could
be cooked properly, Murphy
made special arrangements for the
City Taxes for the year 1951 are now due and
if paid in full by June Ist a discount of 2%, will
be allowed. :
Or, the First Installment (1-3) must be paid
by June Ist to avoid the penalties.
Please pay early and avoid the rush, 7%=
~ CITY OF ATHENS = §
A. G, SMITH, Treasurer. hiiy
WUNDAY, MAY T 3, 1095
job in the hotel kitchen and ugeq
persuasion on the Maharajah,
There was the occasion when an
all-expense. contest-winner sought
to acquire an expensive gport
jacket in a hotel shop—and 'hpavg
it charged to his bill as 150 bour
bon highballs, Murphy talked him
out of it.
“The main think is that every.
one has jobs he’d like done for
him,” Murphy said. “And at that
time everyone wants to be im
portant—or at least have some
body think he's important. we
just take on the two jobs and give
a little extra for our fee, We're
doing very nicely.”
S ——————
Ecuador has vast untapped re
sources.
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