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PAGE EIGHT
-+ ATHENS BANNER HERALD
4 i
ESTABLISHED 1808
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S T P e
DAILY MEDITATIONS
Recompence to no man
& RS evil for evil, Provide things
.\ :\m honest in the sight of all men,
e Be not overcome of evil,
i ' but overcome evil with good.
—Romans 12:17-21.
fHlave you a favorite Bibie verse? Mail to
| A. F. Pledger Heolly Heights Chapel
The Japanese Treat
(Part Four) y
BY PETER EDSON
NEA Stalf Correspondent
WASHINGTON.—(NEA )—After completing the
first round of talks on Japanese peace treaty pro
posals, Ambassador John Foster Dulles went to
Japan in January, 1951.
In New York during the 1950 meeting of the
United Nations General Assembly, Dulles sounded
out the 15 principal powers allied against Japan. He
had also approached the new governments of Indo
nesia and Ceylon. Now he wanted to get the views
of the Japanese.
He made clear he was not going to negotiate with
the Japanese. He was merely going to exchange
views. Also, he would inform the Japanese that if
they were willing and desirous, they could have an
agreement with the United States to keep Ameri
can troops in Japan until a UN or some other col=
lective security pact could be arranged.
This was a touchy point. Japanese Prenrer Shi
geru Yoshida was known to favor the idea. But how
would the Japanese political parties line up? The
left wing Socialists were thought to be neutralist,
though not necessarily anti-American. If anybody
in Japam was going to raise objections, it was nec
essary 10 know what they were, to be able to meet
them.
* * -
In the background were two important factors.
One was the Japanese constitution, which forbade
rearmament, The other was Senator Vandenberg’s
resolution on security agreements, which called for
“mutual” self-help.
The United States could not therefore make any
guarantees of Japanese security because the Japs
could make no mutual guarantees in return.
On February 2, Dulles made a talk before the
American-Japan Society in Tokyo, explaining all
these points and emphasizing that the United States
had a generous treaty in mind. The reaction in
Japan was good.
Dulles believed the time was ripe to expand his
original seven points, which covered only one page
of paper, into a longer memo laying out treaty pro
visions. A five-page statement was therefore given
to the Japanese on February 135.
» * -
The Japs were delighted. There was nothing in
this memo about reparations. They professed to be
upset ever loss of the Ryukus. This, however, was
the only time they raised the point. It was a mere
gesture of protest.
1t had been hoped Premier Yoshida would pre
sent this American treaty plan to the Japanese
Diet, and would consult with all Japanese political
parties to gain their support. For some reason he
did not.
The best explanation is that the treaty outline
was so good that Yoshida wanted to take full credit
for it himself and thereby sirengthen his political
hold on the government. ;
Support for this theory is found in the announce
ment that Yoshida himself is coming to San Fran
cisco to sign the treaty.
¥
From Japan, Dulles went to the Philippine Is
lands, Australia and New Zealand, His purpose was
to report directly on treaty proposals to the heads
of these governments,
In Manila, Dulles had two tough days. The hard
going began immediately after breakfast in a con
ference with President Quirino. It went on through
long meetings, luncheons and state dinners, into the
nights. Dulles talked to delegations of Filipino
Congressmen and businessmen,
They all gave him ovations. Individually they
agreed with him as he explained the American
ideal for a just peace. It was to keep Japan strong
enough to resist communism. They could all see the
logic of that. But than they all came to one point.
They had to have reparations. They never said how
much, but implied they wanted plenty
It was largely an emotional reaction. As Dulles
felt this reaction and saw the war damage still evi
dent in Manila, he came to the conclusion that some
formula recognizing the principle of reparations
was needed.
What evolved was a plan for the payment of re
parations through the processing by Japan of raw
materials furnished by the other governments. For
instance, Japan would weave foreign cotton into
cloth, This would avoid monetary drain on the
Japanese economy.
* * -
In Australia and New Zealand, objections cen
tered on lack of restrictions on Japanese rearm
ament and Japanese trade. In Canberra, Dulles
talked to Prime Minister Gordon Benzies, Foreign
Minister Percy Spender, and the cabinet. All the
while Herbert Evatt, leader of the Labor party op
position, drummed up criticism of the Dulles pro
posals.
In Sydney, Dulles made a speech which helped a
lot. He told the Autsarilans that if they had a treaty
which restricted rearmament of Japan, someone
would have to provide the armed forces and pay the
bills for enforcing it. The United States was not
(Oonttrued fn Tolamm Fight.)
Unnecessary Speed Of Cars
On Emergency Calls
It is important that fire trucks, ambulances and
police cars reach their objectives as soon as possi
ble after an emergency call is received by them, but
it is also important that safety rules be observed by
them just as the general public is supposed to ad
here to such rules.
It is seldom that a life can be saved, that might
otherwise be lost, simply because an ambulance
reaches the scene of an accident in record-breaking
time. Unnecessarily fast driving endangers the
lives of ambulance drivers and occupants as well
as the public. The same applies to police cars and
fire trucks.
Motorists are required to draw up to the curb
when a siren is heard and remain there until the
ambulance, fire truck or police ear has passed. But
even then it is better that cars equipped with sirens
on emergency calls hold their speed to within rea
sonable limits to avoid accidents that might other
wise occur because of the speed of the fire appa
ratus, police car or ambulance. And if the siren is
not continuously open there are times when it may
not be heard in time by the motorist.
We suggest that the Athens authorities look into
the matter of speeding on emergency calls with the
aim of eliminating accidents that might be avoided
by such action,
Don't Get Wrong Idea About
Kremlin's Definition of War
In America, speculation is constant on the issue
whether we shall eventually have war with Russia,
But in the Soviet Union there is no need for such
guesswork. Russian conrmunism considers itself in
a state of war with Western capitalism now,
As a matter of fact, in the Red view, that war
fare has been going on a long time. But its more
acute phase may be said to have begun with the
launching of the Cold War in 1947, when the Krem
lin declined to take part in the Marshall Plan.
Obviously, we are speaking here of two definite
definitions of war. America clings to the traditional
meaning—the open clash of armed forces. To the
Russians, war is anything that weakens or harms
or destroys the enemy. And the destruction need
not be physical. Indeed, the Soviet leaders prefer
it not to be. :
So, in the Kremlin's understanding, war is: sab
otaging the United Nations through endless obstruc=~
tive tactics; promoting permanent international
political chaos by blocking peace treaties for Aus
tria, Gernrany and, if possible, Japan; using the
device of the conference table to seek political ends
that seem most easily obtainable that way.
Undermining shaky middle-of-the-road govem—l
ments by subversion; encouraging poverty and so
cial turmoil on which communism feeds; bombard
ing the world with phony talk of peace, atomic
energy control, disarmament; depicting the enemy
as an aggressor, as an oppressor of the people, a
devil masquerading as a saint.
In Moscow’s terms, a~tual use of force is but one
element in a war that can be fought on any one or
more of the many fronts here suggested, But the
important thing to remember is that in the Com
munist mind, all these fronts merge into one. The
shooting might stop in Korea, but the stuggle would
go on undiminis?-led. The combat would sinrply be
switched to another arena.
We may not like the Russian definition of wafy
But if we seriously propose to stand off commun
ism successfully, we had better understand that
meaning and accept it. Because that is the kind of
war we are in, and our denying it won't change the
fact.
To cling to outmoded concepts of war as only
armed struggle is to oversimplify our current dil
emma and underestimate the Soviet enemy. He is
relentless, probing always for weakness of what
ever kind. As the thoughtful Conrmittee for Eco
nomic Development recently put it, “the provoca
tion which the Soviet rulers will always recognize
is the provocation of opportunity.”
In a brilliant analysis of the foreign aid problem,
the CED acknowledges the true nature of Soviet
warfare, and declares that its flexibility requires
the West to organize a “comprehensive and bal
anced security program which leaves no breach
wide enough to invite a Soviet thrust.” In other
words, we must be prepared to meet the Russian
challenge in every field every day for as long as
the Kremlin has the power to try imposing its will
upon the free world.
Anything less than this will not win the war for
free men. The mere absence of violence is no evi
dence of peace in this age. A relaxed West is a West
one step closer to conquest by Russia. Our guard is
up; we must keep it there.
He (Senator Paul H. Douglas, D.-Ill.) is not only
a great debater but, on Mondays, Wednesdays and
Fridays, also a great liberal.—Senator Matthew M.
Neely (D.-W.Va.).
Isn't it wonderful to live in a country where
even the President can say what he thinks?—Bing
Crosby,
They told us it (Korean war) would be a banana
war. We thought it would be all over in two weeks
—that the big, bad Commies would flee at the sight
of the American uniform. — Lt. Harry C. Powers,
Tueson, Arizona.
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FLAMING NAPALM ON THE WAY-—Two U. 8. Air Force F-51 fighter planes press a low-level
bombing attack on an industrial target in North Korea, Plane in foreground has just released two
napalm bombs—which the fliers call “Jellied Hell” because of their intense fire-spreading qualities.
One of the bombs—actually a tank of the jellied gasoline—is headed straight down, while the other
is just being released from beneath the Mustang. (U. S. Air Force photo from NEA-Acme.)
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FANTASTIC FAN operates at left. Dr. Schlumbohm holds the
paper disks while arrayed on the table at right are the cork and
aluminum disks that separate the paper ones. The fan can run
horizontally or vertieally, or it can be put on a flexible shaft.
I'S ONLY A PAPER FAN,
BUT IT AIR CONDITIONS
By RIICHARD KLEINER
NEA Staff Correspondent
NEW YORK—(NEA)—Dr. Pe
ter Schlumbohm, who invents like
other people do erossword puzzles,
thinks a successful invention is
“the cleanest joy in life.”
Schlumbohm, a big, jovial man,
sat at the immense wooden table,
almost like a butcher’s black, that
serves as desk, dining table and
work bench in his apartment.
“When you get an idea for
something,” he said, “and build it
and try it out and then it works
perfectly—well, there is no inner
joy as pure as that.”
In his 55 years, he’s experienced
that feeling many times. He holds
some 300 patents and about a doz
en of his inventions are still com-~
‘mercially successful. They range
from complicated refrigerating de
‘ vices to cigarette holders, from in
volved machinery to a garbage
pail shaped u‘ke .a r‘\‘mnel.
He is proudest of his newest in
vention, a revolutionary fan.
There were two of them running
in the apartment. Schlumbohm
(pronounced Schlumbohm) dem
onstrated, launching into an in
volved technical discourse about
vacuums and alr currents and
molecules.
What it boils down to is that he
has taken large paper circles, fit
ted them between smaller disks of
cork and aluminum, placed the
whole thing on a shaft and at
tached a motor. There are no
blades, just the paper circles.
Schiumbohm pushed the whirring
disks with his hand, to show that
it was perfectly safe.
Unlike a conventional fan, the
lair is not pushed out in front of
the machine. It seems to come
lfrom the side, between the paper
disks. But wherever it comes from.
Railroad Schedu'es
SEABOARD AIRLINE RY.
Arrival and Departure of Trains
Athens, Georgia
Leave for Eiberton, Hamlet and
New York and East—
-3:30 p. m.—Air Conditioned
8:48 p. m.—Air Conditioned
Leave for Elberton Hamlet and
East— -
12:15 a. m.—(Local)
Leave for Atlanta. South and
West—
§:4s a. m.—Atr Conditioned.
4:30 a, m.—(Local)
2:57 p m.—Air Conditioned.
CENTRAL OF GEORGIA
RAILROAD
Arrives Athens (Daily Except
Sunday) 12:35 p. m.
Leaves Athens (Daily, Except
Sunday) 415 p. m.
SOUTHERN RAILWAY SYSTEM
From Lula and Corimerce
Arrive 9:00 a. m.
East and West
Leave Athens 900 a m.
GEORGIA RAILROAD
Mixed Trains
Week Day Only
‘rain No 81 Arrives 900 a m
frain No 50 Departs 700 p m
it creates a balmy breeze.
He sees this latest invention as
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3 Eay Stepe...into your new 1951 Prekard
l Check the little extra cash
difference! Just compare the
slight difference in your 18 monthly
payments (after 14 down) between a
“low-priced” car and a Packard:
It you've been planning ... extra monthly payments for
topay... a Packard can be aslowas . ..
R e Y
BRI iies e, Y
B . i Giviese o B
PR i i D
*Generous trade-in allowances make these
figures even smaller! Figures above are based
on Detroit-delivered prices, but cash differences
are comparable 7h}obghsLo~7;\e-(—c;un;rflyw.w“- onh your presen' wr'
f:\? more than @ oar--ls @ Em%é flém u‘o ouwns ong
O ————————————————————D
COLLEGE MOTORS, INC.
238 West Hancock Athens, Ga.
“my contribution to air condition~
ing.” That's because the paper
disks are made fr®m porous filter
paper, and filter out dust from the
air, After a day or so, they become
darkened with the soot.. They have
to be changed about twice a week
in constant use, but changing them
is a simple job.
The fan does what Schlumbohm
calls “homogenizing the air." He
thinks it should be run even in
the Winter because it keeps warm
air circulating instead of letting it
all rise to the ceiling.
Schlumbohm says he's not go
ing to make and sell motors, just
the shaft and assorted disks.
“Any home handyman can pick
up a small motor,” he says, “and
attach this fan. Altogether, it'll be
cheaper than an ord.innry fan.”
- @
Since he's his own manufactur
er, Schlumbohm can do whatever
he wants with his inventions. He
refers to himself as a “vertical
trust.”
He is a native of Kiel, Germany.
He likes to say that he got his
broad shoulders from his moth
er’s family, who were all sea cap
tains, and his scientific mind from
him father’s side, a line of apothe
caries—‘“druggists without sand
wiches,” as Schlumbohm says.
After service in World War I,
Schlumbohm was discouraged
with the world. So he waived a
large inheritance on the condition
that his family pay for his educa~
tion as long he he wanted to study.
That state of affairs lasted 10
years, until he got a Ph.D. in phy~
sical chemistry. That stopped both
his education and his income,
He decfded to invent something,
In the highbrow laboratory, the
word was whispered around
among all the profound scientists;
“Sehlumbohm is working on a
champagne cooler.”
That first invention turned out
successfully, Schlumbohm stayed
with the field of refrigeration,
peddled patent rights, made mo
ney, and came to the U. S. in
1935. His more profitable inven-
2 Check the long-lasting new
ness! Packard alone gives you:
Exclusive new Packard Thunderbolt
Engines, America’s highest-compres
sion eights—with the service-free sim
plicity of a design with up 20 25%
fewer working parts than in engines
of comparable power. New everything
Sni amdP all of it backed by motordom’s
greatest durability tecord. Fact: Of all
the Packards built, in the last 52 years,
over 50% are still in service!
tion has been the Chemek coffee
maker, 1 |
“Women come up to me when
they hear that I am the man who
made Chemex,” he says, “and
want to kiss my hand. I let them.”
U. 5. Depariment
0f Agriculture
Reviews Policies
Because the family farm is
basic to agriculture in the United
States, the U, S. Department of
Agrieulture is reviewing its poli=
cies as they affect the family
farm. Known as the Family Farm
Policy Review, this nationwide
study seeks working farm opinion
on USDA services and how they
may be modified and improved.
According to Mr. C. A* Ward,
chairman of the Clarke County
Agricultural Mobilization Com
mittee, the reasoning concerning
the family farm’s importance is
this: The population of the United
States is steadily growing. Esti
mated population by the end of
the century is 200 million, ap
proximately double the figure in
1900. Most of our arable land is
already under cultivation, There
fore we can look to ho appreciable
increase in acreage to {:mduce the
food and fiber which will be
needed to feed and clothe our
added population, This means
more and more efficient agricul
tural production will be necessary
as the years go by.
Efficiency
For increased efficiency in agri
culture’ we must look to the fam
ily farms which make up an over
whelming percentage of total Am
erican farms. They are farms
which are run by family units,
with the farm providing the bulk
of the family's income and the
fanrly providing the bulk of the
labor performed on the farm.
Encouraged by homestead laws
and other legislation in our early
history, the family farm has be
come a system basic to American
agriculture, The family farm has
contributed and still has much to
conitributo to the strength of the
nation.
With this in mind, a National
Family Farm Conmnittee, com
posed of reepresentatives of all
the agencies of the Department
of Agricuiture and of non-govern
mental organizations such as
church and farm groups, made a
preliminary study this spring of
present agricultural programs and
drew up some tentative recome
mendatgms for changes and addi
tions.
Rural Problems
Local Agricultural Mobhilization
Committees are now contacting
farmers in their own communities
and other groups who are inter
ested in ryral problems in an ef
fort to obtain as broad a cross
section of opinion as possible re
garding the Family Farm Policy
Review, A limited number of
copies of the Family Farm Com
mittee’s provisional report have
been distributed to the, State and
County Agricultural Committees
to be used as a basis for discus
sion.
Mr. Ward says that the best
HURSDAY, AUGUST 30, 1951.
suggestions for dealing with local
farm problems; come froma the
farmers themselves, He fi..
sized the ho?e that present farm
programs will be thoroughly dis.
cussed by the people affected by
them, and that recommendations
growing out of these discussions
may be the basis for even bette,
farm programs and assurance of
the farny production the nation
will need in the future,
Jap Treaty
(Continued from Column One,
Editorial Page.)
willing to take on this responsi
bility, The Australians rapidly
conciuded they weren't either.
.- v 0
After three days of arguing
they made a trade. Australia gave
in to American proposals for Jap
anese security in exchange for a
mutual security pact with New
Zealand and the United States,
The two countries had long want
ed such a Pacific pact, First drafts
were prepared on the spot, and
Dulles brought them home for
study.
New Zealand’s Foreign Minister
Frederick Widdowson Doidge had
sat in on the Australian negotia
tions. He now persuaded Dulleg
to go to New Zealand for more
talks, Here Walter Nash, leader of
the opposition, joined in full bi
partisan New Zealand support of
the American proposals.
With this backing, Dulles was
ready to come home and start
final drafting of the treaty.
Tomorrow: How the British
became co-sponsors,
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