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PAGE FOUR
ATHENS BANNER -HERALD
Published Every Evening Except Saturday and
Sunday and on Sunday Morning by Athens Pub
lishing Company. Entered at the Post Office at
Athens, Ga, as second class mail matter.
E. B. BRASWELL ........ Editor and Publisher
BOLUNMPEIN ....ovvooos Associate Editor
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patoiies,
DAILY MEDITATIONS
SLe FI W Have you a favorite Bible
{ “\E‘.’,(\: ‘t\ verse? Mail to—
\ -E:-»‘ %\ A. F. Pledger,
. Holly Heights Chapel.
The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the
moon into blood, before that great and netable
day of the Lord comes.
And it shall come to pass, that whosoever shall
cail on the name of the Lord shall be saved.—
The Acts 2:20-21,
Japanese Peace Treaty Ends
Many Of Truman War Powers
BY PETER FDSON
NEA Washington Correspondent
WASHINGTON.— (NEA) —President Trumran’s
seizure of the steel industry to prevent a strike has
aroused 30 Wuchk antagonism in Congress that the
whole subject of presidential emergency powers is
bound t 0 come up for revision, An opportunity to
consider this issue arises automatically in Congress
wvithin the newt 60 days.
The ohance o restrict the President's powers
comed indirectly from ratification of the Japanese
c‘“ treaty on April 29, This will mark the end of
the last existing “state of war” declared in 1941,
With the making of this peace, some 150 of the
President’s statutory war powers would come to an
end. About 60 of these powers are considered im=
portant for carrying on the “state of emergency”
which President Trunran proclaimed December 16,
1950, after the outbreak of the Korean fighting.
Through the Bureau of the Budget and the De
partment of Defense, President Truman has asked
Congress to renew these 60 war powers until six
months after the end of this Korean emergency.
Because of the press of other business — and an
Faster vacation — Congress has had time only to
grant the President a 60-day extension of these
emergency powers. It runs to June 30.
In considering renewal of these powers, however,
Congress will have a chance to tack on any amend
ment ¥t chooses to curb the President’'s powers to
seize Industry, start another Korean war in, say
Indo-China, or anything else that congressional
whim er the political temper of the times may dic=-
tate.
LIMIT OF POWERS NEVER DEFINED
Big powers have been written and more and big
ger books will be written on this subject of the
powers of the U, S, President. The reason is that
the limit of these powers has never been defined.
These powers are of two kinds — Constitutional
and statutory, The latter are specific powers grant
ed by act of Congress. The former are broad and
general, Together they make any U. S. President
while in office one of the most powerful heads of a
state the world has ever known, even though he
may be kicked out every four years.
Article Two of the U. 8. Constitution says simply
that “The E‘xecutive power shall be vested in a
President of the United States of America.”
Section two -of this Article specifies that the
President shall 'be Commander-in-Chief of the
Army and Navy, . . . He shall have the power to
make treatiec. by and with the consent of the Sen
ate. . . . The President shall have the power to fill
up all vacancies, . . . He shall take care that the
laws be faithfully executed. . . . He shall be re
moved from office on impeachment , . . for high
crimes and misdemeanors.
Under this broad grant of power Thomas Jeffer
son purchased Louisiana, James Monroe declared
the Monroe Doctrine. Abraham Lincoln freed the
slaves. Franklin D. Roosevelt promulgated the At
lantic Charter, And President Harry Truman sent
U. 8. troops from Japan into Korea to stop Com=
munist aggression.
None of these acts may have been authorized by
any specific language in the U. S. Constitution or
in any law. But they have stuck.
FDR CLAIMED CONSTITUTIONAL POWER
President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued more than
3,900 executive orders during his 12 years in office,
all under the claimed authoriiy of his Constitutional
powers as chief executive. These orders were not
laws. The dispute still rages as to whether they
were Constitutional. But again, they stuck.
In addition to these Constitutional powers, Pres=
idents Roosévelt and Truman had during the war
years some 600 statutory, emergency powers. They
were all dumped on the President’s desk by act of
Congress to meet new emergencies as they arose.
The well-known 80th Congress tried to wipe the
slate clean on a lot of these World War II powers,
but the eraser didn’t work too well. An “end of
hostilities” was officially declared in effect Decem=
ber 31, 1946, That wiped some 50 powers off the
books.
Another 200 minor war powers were ended the
following July. The big Decontrol Act of the fol
lowing October terminated most of the authority in
the First and Second War Powers Acts. That took
away the President’s power to reorganize govern
ment agencies almost at will. Of the economic con=
trols, authority to fix rent ceilings was almost the
only one carried over and even that was limited.
There still remained some 350 war powers and
this Mst was further extended when President Tru
man declared & national emergency in December,
1950. Defense Mobilization Acts then gave him still
further powers %o manage the econonry and the
armed forces.
Many of these powers are routine, like permit
ting the Department of Defense to examine the
books of war contractors. Others, like autharity to
assume control of transportation and strengthening
the espionage laws are of top importance.
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bility for payments made to carriers or dealers.
Presidential Ambitions Ruined
Stassen'’s Political Prospects
Harold E. Stassen’s story is one of the saddest
case histories on the recent American political
scene. It is a supreme example of what can happen
to a man when he is bitten by presidential ambi
tions.
At 31, Stassen was an aggressive governor of
Minnesota with a bright future. In his mid-forties
he is a forlorn figure with no political prospects at
all. And that because he allowed his higher yearn
ings to consume him.
In the light of his record at Minnesota, his serv
ice in the Navy, and his performance as a delegate
at the United Nations charter conference in San
Francisco, Stassen deserved a chance at the presi=-
dency.
Friends built him up for that opportunity by pro
posing him in 1944 while he was still in the Pacific.
Nobody took his candidacy too seriously that time
nor was it intended they should.
Four years later Stassen made his real bid. He
had begun by avowing his candidacy two years be
fore nominating time, He pounded back and forth
across the country in vigorous pursuit of conven=-
tion support.
His early fortune was not bad. He won primaries
in Wisconsin and Nebraska, then captured Penn
sylvania on a write-in, Thereafter, however, he
seemed to overreach himself. He claimed 14 or 18
delegates in contest against Senator Taft in his na
tive Ohio but won only nine. Next came his Oregon
debacle.
Governor Dewey of New York lacerated Stassen
in a radio debate over a bill designed to control
Communists in America. Dewey’s Oregon stumping
outpaced Stassen’s. Dewey =won that primary and
the 1948 boom for Stassen ended forthwith.
Ohio was actually the start of his downtall but it
was that unsuccessful radio debate in Oregon
which hurt him in public eyes. For there it was
revealed that Stassen did not really understand the ‘
subject he was discussing. He appeared concerned
only with the impact he was making on the voters.
His entire 1952 campaign has been characterized
by this same feature. Stassen has endeavored to be
all things to all men. He has-promised a great deal.
He has in one breath sounded like a stalking horse
for General Eisenhower and in the next sounded
like his own man. He has sought to make himself
a rallying point for discontent of all sorts, however
vague and ill-defined. ‘
In this latter respect he is the Henry Wallace of
1952. The effort was doonred from the start., With
the possible exception of Illinois, where as a can=
didate on the ballot he managed to out-poll by
10,000 votes the write-in gained by Eisenhower,
Stassen has made a dismal showing in the nation’s
primaries.
Any man capable of facing the realities would
have pulled out weeks ago. Stassen stands repu=-
diated by the voters. His convention strength will
be but microscopic.
If he imagines he is somehow earning a cabinet
post in some other Republican’s administration, he
is probably grossly mistaken. His opponents have
lost respect for him.
Politically Stassen is a punch-drunk fighter with
a cauliflower ear, It is time. for hinr to stop acting
as if he were Joe Louis In his prime.
"
Installment Buying Of Federal
Builzilings
A new “lease-purchase” plan for constructing
new post office and federal court buildings is being
urged on Congress by Jess Larson, head of General
Services Administration, the goveérnment’s house=
keeping agency.
The big idea is to let private industry put up
buildings for government use, instead of having the
government build them. The government would
pay rent, but the rent payments would be applied
to the purchase price in much the same manner as
a private citizen buys his own home on the install
ment plan. ;
Under some circumstances, Larson figures the
government’s payments on & new building would be
less than it now pays in rents. Also, the govern
ment would have in that it would not have to make
any big capital investment.
Buildings would be built to government specifi
cations. Investors wovld have guaranteed tenants
and proposed deals would yield about 3 percent on
investment during lease-purchase periods of up to
25 years.
There are now about two and a quarter billion
dollars worth of government buildings authorized,
for which Congress has appropriated no funds.
Though there was considerable public works con=
struction of government buildings in the depression,
for the past 14 years the freeze has been on due to
war and defense requirements.
The new lease-purchase plan is offered iz an
effort to get new federal buildings in places like
Denver and Tacoma, which have structures put up
back in the 1880’s.
“If the steel industry can be seized in this case,
then any industry can be seized and anyone’s prop=
erty can be taken in event of disagreement with
the government.” — Ernest T. Weir, chairman of
National Steel Corporation.
1 am certain shat so long as this nation remains
prepared, war is not imminent. Let down our guard
and the lightning will strike. — Rep. Carl Vinson
(D.-Ga.), chairman of the House Armed Services
Committee, '
Parking meters are a vicious device designed to
bleed motorists of every nickel they can. — J. W.
Harrison of Kansas, who claims parking mreters are
uwaeonstitutional.
THE BA>INER-HERALD, ATHENS, GEORGIA
This | Believe...
Katway Man Finds Glden Rule Produces
A Phlladelphia olvic leader, C.
Jared Ignersoll reveals here his
personel creed. This is one of a
series of statements prepared for
broadcast and publication by
thinking, useful people in all walks
of life. The program is presentéd
by Edward R. Murrow over WG
AW Monday through Friday.
By C. JAREL INGERSOLL
Industrialist
Members, Board of Directors
Pennsylvania Railroad
I feel very presumptuous and
uncomfortable about trying to
explain out loud the things I be
lieve in, But I do think that all
human problems are in some
way related to each other so
perhaps if people compare their
experiences they may discover
something in common in hunting
the answers. |
I am a very fortunate man
for I lead a full and, what is for
me, a happy life. I say this even
though I happen to have had,
in the course of it, a couple of
severe personal blows. My first
wife collapsed and died one day
while she and I were ice skating,
after 18 years of a most happy
existence together. My only son,
a sergeant’in the Army combat
engineers, was killed in Italy in
the last war. Nonetheless, these
tragedies did not throw me com=-
petely and I have been able to
fill my life anew with happiness.
I do not mean to sound cal
loused. Those blows hurt me
deeply. I guess that two basically
important things helped me most
to recover. One is the fact that
I have come to see life as a gam
ble. The other is a belief in what
some people call the hereafter,
[ try to live fully so that when
my luck changes there will be
little room for regret or recrim
ination over time lost or mis
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spent. My belief in the hereafter
is wrapped in the Intangible but
stubborn thoughts of a layman.
Very likely I would get lost in
trying to describe or defend, by
cold logic, my belief in God but
nobody could argue me out of it.
I have come to believe that I
owe life as much as it owes me
and I suppose that explains the
fine satisfaction I get out of en
deavoring to do & job to the best
of what ability I have, and out
i of helping somebody else.
~ As a kid I used to ride a rake
in the hay fields. I got a tre
mendous kick out of trying to
' sweep every field clean as a
whistle, Here I made a surpris
ing and happy discovery: that
there could be actual enjoyment
in the exercise of thoroughness
‘and responsibility, that duty
didn’t have to be a drudge.
I don’t know exactly why, but
I like to do things for other peo
ple. Not only family responsi
bilities, work on a hospital board
and wvarious church organiza
tions but also the most incon
sequential things that might
hardly seem worth the time. My
office happens to be on Independ
ence Square and now and then‘}
I have occasion to direct a tour
ist to the Liberty Bell or fill him
in on a little of the history of
Philadelphia. The tourist dosen’t
seem to mind and it makes me:
feel good. I'm afraid I'm not
very profound. I have tried to
comprehend why something so
simple and so sound as the
Golden Rule is so often forgotten
or held in disrepute. I can only
say—and I say this quite sel
fishly—that I have found it a
good investment. It has paid me
a very high x:‘:l:?x. undoubtedly
more than I d e.
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*——-F_-——————
Farmers Home Administration
will hold its annual Farm Family
Achievement Day exercises on
May 22, Ag. Hill,
The purpose is to honor those
farm owners -and borrowers of
production and subsistence loans
who have made outstanding pro
gress in better farming, better
living and debt repayments to the
Farmers Home Administration.
Oconee County farmers, Jim
mie W, Marshall and John Calvin
Marshall of Rt. 1, Watkinsville
have been chosen to represent the
Clarke-Oconee district of the Ad
ministration,
To be selected to attend the
Achievement Day families must
have liquidated their Farm Own
ership indebtedness from farm in
come during the year. Any farmer
who, during the year, has made
outstanding progress in better
farming, better living through
having established a balance farm
program on his farm or having
converted to other types of enter
rises, is eligible.
Achievement Day provides an
excellent opportunity for recogni
tion of farm families who have
made definite contributions to the
Nation’s request for higher pro
duction of food and finer preducts
and who have made maximum use
of their land and labor resources.
The father and son team of Jim
my and John Marshall will be
guests'here, along with their fami
lies, on Ag. Hill campus. Many
outstanding speakers will partici
pate in the exercises. Many will
give talks on how to improve
living conditions, improve farm
lands, pasturing, care of farm
animals, and many other phases
in soil treatment.
Jimmie W, Marshall has been
farming for the past 47 years,
while his son, Calvin Marshall be
gan farming when he was dis~
charged from the U. S. Armed
d©
T T T ———.
Forces In 1946, &
‘ Approximately 200 acres are
' handled by both men. Cotton,
corn, wheat, and oats are their
‘main crops.
Both famililes own their farm
homes and have running water,
Bapfists To Give
Special Offering
Mother's Day
The minintum goal for the day
is SIOO,OOO. Edwin .B. Peel, Hos
pital administrator, said room fa=
cilities now are available and for
the first time in history of the 50-
year-old institution the offering
will be the controlling factor in
the number of charity cases dur
ing the year. ‘
“In former years we have been |
limited to some extent by the
number of beds,” Mr. Peel ex- |
plained, “but now with 505 beds
in the enlarged hospital the money 1
given by our friends will deter
mine the volume of charity work.”
Mother’s Day is the traditional
Hospital Day in the Baptist
churches and Sunday Schools of
the state when the special offering
is received. It goes to pay for hos
pital facilities for persons from all
sections of the state. Physicians
and surgeons contribute their ser--
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TUESDAY, APRIL 29, 195,
T T ey,
vices with the result that ,
care normally is given at a . ;
about $3 for every $1 contr
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Dr. Louie D. Newton, pye )
of the Georgia Baptist Cor
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goal of SIOO,OOO was '
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Baptist churches of Geoy
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ed program of charity in 1
larged Georgia Baptist H
Atlanta,
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