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WHAT KIND
How Each of Your Three Different
Kinds of Fat Has a Separc
Cause and Cure
■v.;
her attack* were frequent the pa
tient began to lose flesh rap
benefiting not only herself, but all
her lngenion* friends who though
untroubled by asthma limited their
refreshment to crackers and sent
lemonade erery other day. They,
too, lost many pounds and what la
much more to the purpose several
Inches In ctrcnmference.
A young woman who spent as
Autumn mention In the country
same back to town looking, her
Mends said, "beautifully less." Quit*
willingly she told the secret. “I
practically lived out of doors,” ah*
•aid, “kept moving all the time. R
was too cold to loll. At night I
Slept on the sleeping porch, with a
crocheted woolen shawl tied tightly
about my head to prevent neuralgia.
Every deep breath of oxygen I know
made me some degree thinner.
"But what I most depended upon
was diet. You cannot get thin by
axerclse alone nor by diet alone, but
by diet and exercise, and what do
you suppose I lived on while I was
gone? 7-welbnch and hot lemonade”
Boxing, Uke rapid walking. Is •
valuable aid to flesh reduction be
cause It causes persons to breaths
more deeply and while they breath*
deeply they take more air Into the
lungs. Whoever takes a greater
supply of air Into the body tor a
considerable time is sure io lose
weight. -Instructors rarely find a
*A valuable abdominal exercise consists in lying on the back,
and, raising the legs at a right angle with the body,
swinging them together in a circle. This
makes the abdominal muscles firmer and hardens
the muscles of the hips as well as stimulates the liver.”
r-i-rn
1
fit ERE are three forma of obes-
v, according to experts, and
eh Is due to a different causa
The commonest form Is caused by
overeating and under-exercise. The
lorond Is due to derangement of the
pancreas, that large, fleshy gland sit
uated under and behind the stomach
which secrotes a fluid that old# the
processes of digestion. The third, and
least common, U due to atrophy of
the thyroid gland.
The first class of fat persons suffer
from ordinary causes and can be
cured by ordinary methods, unless
the case of obesity be far advanced.
Too much food and Insufficient exer
cise lead to the formation nf Irritat
ing acids and other aubatancen In the
hlood which cause unnatural contrac
tions and expansions of the hlood vers-
*ds—In other words, “spasms/* Struts
turnl change* in these vessel* follow.
DennKeraer*: of the digestive and
excretory organ* ensues. Anemia,
liver and kidney complaints, gout and
apoplexy are the spectres that haunt
the fat person. They are tho answers
to the question, “Why do you say fat
Is a disease?"
The second form, due to pancreatic
derangement, Interferes with perfect
oxidization—In other phrace the
burning of waste tissues by the oxy
gen taken into the body. The muscles
are poorly nourished and the glands
buffer from lack of nourishment. Car
bon Is stored In the system In tho
form of fat. Such a peiyon Is In a
Hate of practical starvation, though
he may be excessively fat. Such
person* art* feeblo and anemic and
tend to dropsy.
Persons of the third class, being un-
aV.p to breathe properly, do not “bum
up” ;h«* fat formed, and their musclea
fin- soon overlaid with fat and move-
tm-nts become slow and feeble. Con
ti nu.*il over-feeding produces poison*
lr. the system which give rise to a
*••• ing of lazy contentment. This Is
conducive to disinclination for mental
or bodily exertion. So is a vicious
circle formed which can only he
broken by rousing the mental and
bodily forces to proper exercise.
This Is the theory upon which Mr.
Jack Cooper proceeds in reduction
treatment In his athletlo school and
his private classes In New York, the
latter having Included John Purroy
Mltchel, the recently elected Mayor of
New York. He bases his work upon
th« fact that those muscles which
are least used become overlaid
with fat, that varies In depth from
one-elghth of an Inch to four inches
acoordlng to the degree of obesity.
You can determine easily which Is
fat and which muscle. Take It be
tween your fingers. That which yon
can lift is fat.
The first class of fat can be cured
by exercise and diet alone, providing
the person does not wait too long, so
long that structural changes have
taken place in the blood vessels. In
that case it will be necessary to se
cure the services of a physician.
The second class can he materially
benefited by exercise, hut the patient
should at the same time be under
the care of a physician who will reg
ulate the exercises.
The third form, Mr. Cooper be
lieves, Is the only kind In which
taking thyroid extract Is of any
value, and the doses should be ex
tremely small. Those persons who In
their frantic desire to grow thin have
taken thyroid extract have usually
taken overdoses and suffered In con
sequence.
The object of the exercises la to
improve the breathing capacity and
ircrease the size and power of all the
muscles of respiration. Especially
should they focus upon the stomach
and abdominal muscles, whldi, In
women particularly, have been so con
stricted by clothing that they have
been practically unused all their
"A difficult but very helpful
exercise for the obese per
son, requires the aid of a
second person. Lying
half way on the bed
or chair, clasp your
hands behind your
head and slowly
lower the upper half
of the body, until the
head touches the floor.
This strengthens abdominal
muscles and clears the lungs.”
“By standing on a running machine you may get the
benefit of a two-mile run
in ten minutes.”
sunt have the aid of a second per
son. Lying half way on the boil or
chair, claap your hands behind your
head and slowly lower the upper halt
of the body until the h.ad reaches the
floor. Then, os slowly, ralso tho body
to a sitting posture. The aid of the
second person la required to hold the
knees so that the body will not slip
from the bed or cbalr and be Injured.
Inhale deeply and thoroughly while
raising the body, and as deeply ex
hale while lowering It. This will
strengthen the abdominal muscles
and sweep tbs lungs free of stale air,
filling them with freah.
(Mr. Cooper's obesity pupils practise
dally on a runnlug machine. Grasp
ing the railing of the machine, they
stand as on an escalator, ratting and
lowering the feet, ns one of the pupils
expressed it. to "keep on tho thing."
This furnlshot tins equivalent of a
two-mlle run In ten minutes.
Mr. Cooper demands brisk exercise
“Crouch on the hands, resting the weight on the palms and on*
foot. This stirs into action usually
inactive muscles.”
llvw. Those muscles must be set to
work as the pictures on this page
show.
A valuable abdominal exercise con-
alste in lying on tho back and raising
tho legs at right angle with the body,
swinging them In a circle. The rest of
the body should be relaxed, the arms
lying behind and above the head, tho
hands clasped. This makes the ab
dominal muscles firmer and hardens
the muscles of the hips as well, and
alowly dissolves the layer of fat that
covers them. Moreover, It lias great
value ns a stimulus to the sluggish
liver and intestines.
Lie on the back, swing the legs
together and form as complete a
circle a. you can. The sxsrcU. will from his puplH particularly In walk-
reveal the Cumsto-s of -used , “iTlZh
musclea. The more need then to ex- with tne oouj in re—.. „
erclse them, for every muscle of the "A .low, careless walk U automatlc
body should be a. • alare to ua the bo eay». "It require, no latemention
t( , r9 of the mind, while a quick walk, with
Another appears from tho picture •» object In view, requlres .he com
to be a running exercise, but U called oentreUenof the selsrt reate
a crouching and pushing one. Bend . ef the nerve force
on all fours and. resting the weight on of this t, found In wh.tp h y.lol 0 gl.t.
the left feorpush backward with the tell ue-that limbs that have been
right ns though against an unyielding highly trained In exercises requiring
substance. Reverse the proceaa This eklll have larger nerve trunks and
stirs into action the Inactive musclea more numerous nerve flhroe.
and intestines. The .lower end heavier exercise,
A difficult hut very helpful exer- have a tendency to Increase muscular
else to the obese person may be bulk at the expense of nervous force,
taken on either bed or chair. But It 61ugg!sh nerve force la always fav
orable to the accumulation of fat. A
familiar example Illustrating this
principle may be seen In a large city
any day In tho gait of the letter car
rier and the policeman. The fast
walk of the postman Is unfavorable
to the ,doposlt of fat, while the
saunter of the policeman results In
greatly Increased size and weight
The difference In the gait accounts
for the fact that the large majority
of mall carriers are thin, while moet
policemen are stont.
A new device for tho reduction of
superfluous flesh of the first and
commonest sort la a wide belt of
elaatlc material Into which la set at
regular Intervals smooth wooden
balls. The balls move about with
every motion ol the boijy so giving
automatic or continual massage. The
belt can be adjusted to various por-
tlss: of the body but Is most com
fortable about the abdomen as woll
as moat needed there, for the mus-
cles of the abdomen are In the caee
of persons In most occupation!, less
used than any others. But women
with large walite have diminished
their circumference tor several In-
ches by these means. The belt la
trim and require* but little looser
clothing and Increaiee the apparent
bulk but little.
A physician who waa treating a
patient for asthma prescribed at the
time of hor attacks an exclusive diet
of sods crackers sod lemonade. As
woman who Is willing to learn to
box. There lingers In her mind, de
spite the overwhelming present
wave of feminism, a prejudice
against tae eport on the ground that
It Is "unladylike." The prejudice re
mains, though the word Is obsolete.
Also despite tho fact that militants
are terrorising England, a few
women remain who are afraid of
physical violence. A veetige of tha
old timidity remains In thsm. They
fear to be hurt. It has also been
cruelly asserted that la la too great
a strain upon their tempers. Bo
boxing remains a more or lees ne
glected exercise so far as women
are concerned, end in this they'
make a great mistake. For not only
does it help to burn superfluous fat.
but It teaches a woman the art Of
self defense, which Is remarkably
useful In an emergency, as, for. In
stance, during a subway crush.
Whatever cauaes you to breathe
deeply, It Is well worth whlla to re
peat. will Hooner or later, if con
tinued, diminish your weight But
bear In mind that there Is more than
one nay, there are more than tea*
methods of deep breathing.
There Is short, quick breathing,
like that of a dog panting and ex-
haunted after running. There are
tha deep, slow breaths coming from
the diaphragm and beneath It, as a
eow breathes while ehswlng Its end.
Tho first la uaeful In oletrlng the
lungs of the stale air that remains
In them, but the last la Indispensa
ble In letting great draughts of
clean, fresh air sweep Into the lungs,
starting a bonfire, so to speak. In
the body..
T
What Will Happen Next Month, as Foretold by the Stars
— , .. .. . .7 -* _ . ... . FEBRUARY 5—A new diplomatic of the Government will have serloua ensuing year of life. If bom on M-
1IB lunation that rules Febru
ary la of rather a critical na
ture, with Mara na sponsor anil
the conjoined luminaries and three
other planets In body aspect with the
Iconoclastic Uranus. Saturn sits
very darkly In the quarter that rules
foreign relatione, and eomo very diffi
cult diplomatic problems will hare to
be confronted In a censervatlve rather be soveral serious maritime disasters.
A dreadnought suddenly put out of
What’s in a Name?
A hungry diner In a re»taurant
a chicken pie. When it than ft belllgerent spirit
>r< ught he raised the paste and eat
co\inn at the content* Intently for a
M.tlo. Then he called the waiter.
I .ok here. »ir." he iaWl. “What did the blotter of the State Department,
eminent*.
Look for an Increased death rate
Among artiste, actors And educators.
The general health record will be
much below pur. Fires and accidents
will cause loss of life,and there will
Foreign emissaries to thl* Govern- commission will result In changes to
mont will inscribe a few protests on a naval programme.
■ kdsn pl«. ■lr.**
i what htv* you brought msf*
and there will be danger of serious
International complications.
The President and his adviser* will
need all the diplomacy of which they
The railway, postal and telegraph
aystems are much benefltted during
February. The money Interest* are
also favored* but there will be strong
flucfemttve tendencies in the ex-
'.i''"ClSikre p*s. Wtottwl are'copable! and still will probably be change*. e.pecia^^wccnthcSth
: Chlek*n In U. and n*v*r unable to avoid a crlsi*.
and 15th of the month. The general
"Jupiter has pais«1 out of the ruling trend, however, la toward au advance
‘ *■-*- in quotation*. Borne now feature In
Th»r» Tight,, ilr. Ther. ain’t n. - — ...
•bhk.n In it" sign of Mexico. Tho point of dlvls-
' J ,l ? n "br do vou call it chtck.n lon between revolution and reform in the parcel post system will develop,
•That» all right! °Ther» dooVhsvs clvlIlxlDg processes la at hand, and with a very well-defined movement
to hr chick.„ in . chicken pi.. Th.r. «,» latter must proceed at any co*t. toward government ownership of
I dog In . dog hi,cull, 1. Ultra?
coll.g. tn collage
coast, the planetary forces are of ben
efit to mining, building and trade In
terests, so far as Investment and bar
ter and exchange are concerned, hut
signify grave danger of storms, fire*
or earthquakes.
Some mining dlsaatera will be re
ported from, the Mountain State*,
with probability of serloua difficulty
between striking employee* and tho
authorities. Western executive, are
harassed with local complications,
and a Governor or Mayor of some
prominence will find himself involved
in a difficulty which threaten* bis
recall.
February will be a stormy month,
particularly 1n the first week. The
position of Venu* on tbs 8d promise*
rain, snow or sleet. The 11th to 15th
FEBRUARY 6—A new diplomatic
difficulty arise* tn the Mexican «ltu-
ntlon. A maritime disaster on th*
Western coast.
FEBRUARY 7—Storm disturb
ances. with much lo*a of life between
this and the ltth; a falling barom
eter and marked precipitation; South
ern coast will need to take warning.
FEBRUARY 10—Firm and sod-
dent* on this day; earthquakes In
Western and Southern quarters. A
colliery explosion In the Eaatern coal
region*.
question* to deal with. San Fran
cisco and the lower Eastern coast are
threatened by atorma.
The benevolent Jupiter will be of
benefit durlmf February to those born
In the last week of January, March,
May, September or November of any
year, and especially If birth occurred
ruary 11 or at the Immediate dose of
the month. There Is danger from
Are or Illness if born to February
Oth or 10th.
Knew Him Well.
It waa a contested will cam
nTkho done of 1830. In early 1855, «ae of the witnesses la U
Summer of 1858, last half of 1859, et •>*» svta.no*, described tbs
A naval calamity probably, with storm
dingore In Eastern sections.
FEBRUARY 10—International af
faire nicely disposed. From the 18th
ts another era of disturbance, and tho to the 21st ts a quiescent period In
* I krowa of.”
citing time* In leglalatlva bodies,
there will be a creditable measure of
accomplishment. A Constitutional
Observant.
name some things,” said ahe, harmony will prevail between tno ex-
to anJ r ,* h ” r h.J“h«£! t0 Motive and legislative branch® In
“Mjtor cr.r,!“ replied little Jennie, the National and Eastern State gov-
other public utilities. The fact la,
that this third house condition that
rules over ill schemes of communica
tion la the most pronounced in the
monthly figure, and covers practical
ly all territory Exit of tha Mlxsto-
■tppl.
last week *f the month similarly
marked.
Some of the things to be expected
on or near the following dates are:
FEBRUARY 2-8—Social event* of
importance will occur. A rising mar
ket between the 2d and 4tb, with
financial Interests greatly benefltted
West of that, and along the Pacific on the latter date.
first half of 1880, In 1863, early 1887, MnH| f#r
Fall of 1874, Spring and Summer of « x ( up pon , wa
m 1878, last half of 1883, In 1880, from’ the
FEBRUARY 15—Scandals In the Spring and Summer of 1S03, In 1800,
West, Involving a prominent official, or In 1003. generally, that
Baturn la ominous for thoos born acquainted with
near the beginning of March, Jane, “ H,ml "
September or December of any year,
and particularly If born In the Sum
mer of 1854, Fall of 1660, first half
1861, Summer of I860, Winter of
1877, 8prlng of 1881, Fall of 1800, In
1898 or In 1006. Obstruction to per
sonal effort, disappointments and ill
health ora among the stare’ promises.
February 2d, 8d, 11th and 10th are
excellent anniversaries, particular
ly for persona engaged In artistic
pursuit. Marriage is Judies ted in the
everything except the weather. Mar
ket advances may be expected at this
time, especially between the 17th and
the 10th Inclusive.
FEBRUARY 24—Tho last week of
the month It essentially calamitous.
Than will be diplomatic Imbroglios
and Increased activity In the war and
navy departments, and all branches
Copyright, 1014, by th* Star Company. Greet Britain Rights Reserved.