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■ II SOME SANITARY ASPECTS OF BREAD • MAKING. BY CYHUS EDSON, if. D., Hoalth Commissioner, New York City. It is necessary, if one would under stand the sanitary aspects of bread making, to fully comprehend the pres ent theory held by scientists of germs and the part played by them in disease. The theory of disease germs is merely tho name given to the knowledge had of those germs by medical men, a knowl edge which is the result of innumera ble experiments. Being this, the old term of a “theory” has become a mis nomer. A germ of a disease is a plant, so small that I do not know how to ex press intelligibly to the general reader its lack of size. When this germ is in troduced into the blood or tissues of the body, its action appears to be an alogous to that which takes place when yeast is added to dough. It attacks certain elements of the blood or tissues, and destroys them, at the same time producing new substances. ten. It has, then, the chance of col lecting disease germs during this pro cess of raising and it has two periods of working down or kneading during each of which it may gather the dirt containing the germs from the baker hands. As no bread save that raised with yeast, goes through this long process of raising and kneading so no bread save that raised with yeast has so good a chance of gathering germs. W hat is meant by “raising” bread is worth a few words. The introduc tiou of the yeast into the moist dough and the addition of heat when the pan is placed near the tire produces an enormous growth of the yeast fungi— the yeast “germ,” in other words. These fungi effect a destructive for mentation of a portion of the starchy m itter of the flour—one of the most valuable nutrient elem cuts in the flour. The fermentation produces carbonic acid gas, and this, having its origin in every little particle of the starch which is itself every where in the flour, pushes aside the particles of the dong to give itself room. This is what is “disease gebms found their way into the yeast bread.” But the germs of tho greater part of the germ diseases, that is, of the infec tious and contagious diseases, will de velop or increase in number without being in the body of a human being, provided always you give them the proper conditions. These conditions are to bo found in dough which is be ing raised with yeast. They are warmth, moisture and the organic matter of tho flour on which the germs, after certain changes, feed. It is necessary to remember at this point that yeast is germ growth, and when introduced into a mixture of glu cose or starch, in the presence of warmth and moisture sets up a fer mentation. If the mixture be a starchy dough the yeast first changes a portion of the starch into glucose and then de composes tho glucose by changing it into two now substances, viz., carbonic acid gas and alcohol. Now the glutton, which is also a con stituent of dough and moist starch, affords, with the latter, an excellent nidus for the development of germs of disease as well as for the yeast germs. The gprms of cholera, as of typhoid fovor, would, if introduced into dough, find very favorable conditions for their growth. I do pot wish to “pose” as an alarm ist, nor am I willing to say there is very much chance of the germs of typhus and of cholera reaching the stomachs of the people who eat bread which has been raised with yeast. But I have not the slightest cause to doubt that other diseases have been and will be carried about in the bread. I have met journeymen bakers, suf fering from outaneous diseases, work ing the dough iu the bread trough with naked hands and arms. I have no reason to supposo bakers are less liable to cutaneous diseases than any other men, and I know, as every house wife knows, yeast-raised bread must be worked a long time. This is an ex ceedingly objectionable thing from the standpoint of a physician for the reason that the germs of disease which are in the air and dust and on stair ways and straps in street cars, are most often collected on the hands. Any person * who has ever kneaded dough understands tho way in which the dough cleans the hands. This means that any germs which may have found a lodging place on the hands of the baker before he makes up his batch of bread are sure to find their way into the dough, and once there, to find all tho conditions necessary for subdivision and growth. This is equivalent to saying that we must rely on heat to kill these germs, because it called “raising the bread.” It needs but a glance to see that it is, in its effects on the dough, purely mechanical. The dough, which was before a close-grained mass, is now full of little holes, and when cooked in this condition is what we ordinarily call light. This porous quality of bread enables the stomach to rapidly and easily digest it, for the gastric juices quickly soak into and attack it from all sides. The fermentation of the dough, however, uses up a portion of the nutrient elements of the loaf. If it bo possible, therefore, to produce a light porous loaf without this de struction and without the “kneading” process, which fills the dough with germs and filth, and without the long period during which the raising pro cess goes on, the gain in food and the gain iu the avoidance of the germs is exceedingly plain. But while we can easily see the dangers which attend the use of yeast it is certain that the vesiculating effect produced by it on the dough is to the last degree perfect. It is apparent that if we are to substitute any other system of bread making we must have one which will give us, first, mechanical results equally as good, that is, that will produce minute bubbles ol carbonic acid gas throughout the mass of dough. Now it is in no way diffi cult to produce carbonic acid gas chemically, but when we are workin at bread we must use such chemicals as are perfectly healthful. Fortunately these are not hard to find. The evils which attend the yeast- made bread are obviated by the use of a properly made, pure and wholesome baking powder in lieu of yeast. Bak- ing powders are composed of an aoid and an alkali which, if properly com bined, should when they unite at once destroy themselves and produce car bonic acid gas. A good baking pow der does its work while the loaf is in the oven, and having done it, disap pears. But care is imperative in selecting the brand of baking powder to be cer tain that it is composed of non-injuri- ous chemicals. Powders containing alum or those which are compounded from impure ingredients, or those which are not combined in proper pro portion or carefully mixed and which will leave either an acid or an alkali iu the bread, must not be used. It is well to sound a note of warning iu this direction or the change from the objectionable yeast to an impure baking powder will be a case of jump ing from the frying pan into the tiae. The best baking powder made is,, as BREAD WITHOUT YEAST—“THE MOST PERFECT OF ATiTj CONCEIVABLE WAYS OF RATS TOG IT.” K is almost certain that they will be there. Now, underdone or doughs- bread is a form which every man and woman has seen. It is a belief as old as the hills that underdone bread is unhealthful. This reputation has been earned for it by the experience of countless genera tions, and no careful mother will wish her children to eat bread that has not been thoroughly cooked. The reason given for this recognized unhealthful- ness has been that the uncooked yeast dough is very difficult to digest. No one but a physiciau would be apt to thiuk of disease germs which have not been killed during the process of bak ing as a cause of the sickness following the use of uncooked yeast bread. Yet this result from this cause is more than probable. I have not the slightest doubt that could we trace back some of the cases of illness which we meet in our practice we would fiud that germs collected by the baker have found their way into the yeast bread, that the heat has not been sufficient to destroy them, that the uncooked yeast bread has been eaten and with it the colonies of germs, that they have found their way into the blood and that the call for oar services which followed, has rounded off this sequence f events. I Lave already pointed out that the germsf of disease are to be found in the air and dust. The longer any sub stance to be eaten is exposed to the air, the greater the chance that germs will be deposited on it. Bread raised with yeast is worked down or kneaded twice shown by analysis, the “Royal.” It contains absolutely nothing but cream of tartar and soda, refined to a chem ical purity, which when combined un der the influence of heat an l moisture produce carbonic acid gas, an 1 having done this, disappear. Its leavening strength lias been found superior to other baking powders, and as far as I know, it is the only powder which will raise largo bread perfectly. Its use avoids the long period during which the yeast made dough must stand in order that the starch may ferment and there is also no kneading necessary. The two materials used in the Royal, cream of tartar and soda, are perfectly harmless, even when eaten.. But they are combined in exact compensating weights, so: that when chemical action begins between them they practically disappear, the substance of both hav ing been taken,up to form the carbon ic acid gas. More than this, the proper method of using the powder insures ths most thorough mixing with the-flour' The proper quantity being taken, it is mixed with the flour and stirred around in it. The mix ture is then sifted several times and this insures that iu every part of the flour there shall bo a few particles of the powder. The salt and milk or wa ter being.added, the'dough is made up as quickly as possitjj.ff. and moulded into the loaves. These are placed in the oven and baked. But the very moment the warmth and moisture attack the mix ture of cream of tartar and soda, these two ingredients chemically combine seen at a glance, the bread is raised during the time it is baking in the oven, and this is the most perfect of all couceivablo methods of raising it. Here, then, there is no chance for germs of disease to get into the dough and thence into the stomach, more than that the bread is necessarily as sweet as possible, there", having been no time during which it could sour. This involves the fact that the bread so made will keep longer, as it is less likely to be contaminated by the germs that affect the souring process. It will be strange if the crowds of visitors to the World’s Fair do not greatly increase the number of con tagions diseases, which we will have to treat. Under these circumstances is it not folly of follies to open a single channel through which these germs may reach us? Is it uot the part of wisdom to watch with the greatest care all that we eat ani driuk, and to see that none but the safest and best meth ods are employed in the preparation of our food? To me it seems as though there could be but one answer to questions like these. I have shown the danger of using the yeast raised bread, anl with this I have shown how that danger may be avoided. The ounce of prevention which in this case is neither difficult nor expensive is certainly worth mauy pounds of care, and the best thing about it is that it may be relie l on al most absolutely. Those who eat bread or biscuits or rolls made at home with Royal baking powder may be sure they have absolutely stopped one channel through which disease may reach them. Note.—Housekeepers desiring informa tion in regard to tin prep ir.atioa of the bread which, for sanitary reasons, Dr. Elsoa so strongly urges for general use, should write to the Royal Baking Powier Cempaay, New York.. IIow to Dress the Baby. A baby should be warmly dressed but not encumbered with clothing. When it perspires freely it is too warm and is likely to take cold if the air happens to'be colder than usual or it is exposed to a draught. On the other hand a great deal of vitality is wast ed in the efforts of nature to keep the body warm if it is not protected with clothing. A young baby should have a band long enough to go twice around it. Be very careful not to put it on too tight and fasten it with small safe ty pins. On this put a long-sleeved cashmere shirt buttoned all tne way down the front. No one who has used an open shirt will • ever return-to the old-fashioned kind that have to be put on over the head. Next, comes along a flannel petticoat, or pinning blanket sewed to a cotton waist, and over that a loose white slip. ... A knitted blanket, or an embroider ed cashmere one can be wrapped afblind the baby unless the- weather 'iB very warm. • ” ' •*' •' It is always safe to use one .when it' is carried from-one room to another to protect .the head from draughts. Little knitted socks keep the feet warm and add much to its comfort. Do not be afraid of fresh air. Open the window and provide artificial heat sufficient to keep the room at a temperature of '68 dagrees. Do not let the air blow di rectly upon the child ; a screen placed near the window or h strip of flannel pinned in front of the opening, will prevent this. . .Take the baby into the open aijr every pleasant day, putting on sufficient clothing to keep it warm. Do not trust it in a baby carriage with a yonng girl whose carelessness might injure it for life. Always dress and undress a young baby by an open fire. If it cries during the day, unpin ning its foot blanket and warming its feet will sometimes quiet it.—Home ■Journal. Starcli Versus Heat. There is a warm place in the hearts of his fellow Americans for any states man who shall secure the adoption of a permanent internal revenne tax of say $10 a pound on starch in nil forms not edible. A device of this sort has driven the Louisiana lottery out of business, and it is an open question whether starch as used in clothing, at least menls clothing, is not a more subtle, pervading and pernicious evil than lottery tickets. From an .‘esthetic point of view it is, of course, a cardi nal sin for which no penance is in this life adequate. From the moralist’s point of view the offense is nearly as great, for tho sum of wickedness, su perinduced by starched linen through the irritation of the nerves when the linen is stiff and the utter loss of self respect and self control when the linen broken down” by the infernal heats of our inexcusable climate, is not easi ly calculated. Add to this the proved hygienic ills due to clothing, the human form, and especially the important organs of the thorax and the sensative nerves in the region of the neck, in fabrics that al ternate between rigidty and pulpy humidity, and the inherent nnworthi- ness of starch for the use of intelligent human beings is established.— Har per's Weekly. Faulty Teaching. When one talks or writes about working butter till all the butter milk is out, it may be set down that such a person is not correct either in the theory or practice of butter making. This is perhaps a hard thing to say when it is known that not only editors but instructors in dairy schools use such expressions. The editor of the dairy department of an agricultural jiuper, who is also instructor in the dairy school of an agricultural college, recently in an ed itorial on working butter used the fol lowing expression: “The salt must be worked in evenly and thojpughlv and the bnttermilk worked; oqf 4 as much as possible,'and yet.the working must be discontinued at just"the right time or the grain is injured.” The above may soupd well to a per son not having a practical knowledge of butter making but to the.'iffitisted there are certain ear-marks •' that give the waiter • away. Will at this time refer to but one" of them. All- the but termilk should be washed out of the butter while the latter is in the gran ular state. We say all and we mean all absolutely. Therefore when an in structor in a dairy school or any one else talks or writes about working it out, it shows faulty'thfeqry, and as a result faulty practice must be in ferred. SOUTHERN HEWS ITEMS. The Ml ol Her Progress and Pros perity Briefly NotetL Happenings of Interest Portrayed in Pithy Paragraphs. before being baked and this process ' and carbonic acid or leavening gas is may take anywhere from four hours to j evolved. The consequence may be A Talented Agent. Mrs. Home-Seeker—“You certainly don’t expect anybody to take this house? Why, it sags terribly. The floors all rurr down-hill.” Agent (a smart man)—“It was built that way on purpose, mnm, to keep peace in the family. Greatest inven tion of the age, mum.” Mrs. Home-Seeker—“Keep peace in the family?” Agent—“Yes, mnm—nothing like it. Whenever yonr husband drops his collar buttons,he’ll always know where to find ’em.—New York Weekly. Dr. Hutton, the surgeon in charge of the United States hospital at De troit, Mich., has been ordered by the government to go to Brunswick as a yellow fever expert. A case of cholera has occurred in the military camp at Bueh, Austria, twenty-five miles from Vienna. The patient has been isolated and every precaution taken to prevent the spread of the disease. Chicago banks received $625,000 in gold Wednesday on import engage ments, and the yellow metal will con tinue to arrive as long as New York sells at a discount which will permit of the movement. The Union National bank, of Ra cine, Wis., closed its doors Wednesday morning. The capital is $150,000, and the total resources $892,000. The Commercial and Savings bank has posted a thirty days’ notice. At a joint meeting of the board of health and city council of Brnnswick Tuesday night, the examining experts into the case of Surgeon John W. Branham pronounced his disease yel low fever, with two doctors voting in the minority. A dispatch of Wednesday from Lim- berg, capital of Austrian Galicia, states that cholera is spreading in the town of Nadjerna and Snictyn. Within the past forty-eight hours there were twen ty-four new cases of the disease and eleven deaths reported. Fire at Boynton, Va., Tuesday morn ing, consumed Brown’s wagon factory and a number of business houses and residences and injuring others, inflict ing a total loss of more than $20,000. The fire is supposed to have been of incendiary origin. A special of Tuesday from Pensaco la, Fla., says: This is the eighth day since the death of little Ellen Wood and at six o’clock this evening the us ual report given is posted by the board of health—No new cases. The people are expecting an early end of our trouble. The Virginia Farmers’ Alliance met at Richmond Tuesday, in the hall of the house of delegates, President Page in the chair. Fifty-two out of one hundred counties were represented. The president read his address which was received with applause. A lengthy series of resolutions was presented and adopted. The store of W. J. Dyer A Brothers, dealers in musical instruments, at St. Paul, Minn., ^was burned Wednesday night. Michael Clonan, a fireman, was overcome by smoke while fighting the fire on the fifth floor and jumped to the ground. He was horribly mangled and died shortly afterwards. Several other firemen were injured. The loss is about $100,000. An institution opened at Birming ham, Ala., Tuesday, being held by the prominent negroes of Alabama and other southern states. There were several prominent leading negro di vines from other stateB in attendance, The remainder of the week will be devoted to the discussion of such as “The race question,” “The negro and his destiny,” “Africa and its future.” A special cablegram of Wednesday from London to a Washington paper says: Government dispatches say that Bombay is in possession of a mob Troops are powerless. Every mosque has been destroyed, and many persons have been massacred. Europeans are panic-stricken. Troops are now pro tecting only public buildings. The governor has appealed for help, ask ing for instructions. A special from Montgomery, Ala, says: The city is quiet, the people accepting the situation calmly. Tues day the banks began the issue of cer tificates, which are being accepted in all lines of trade as cash. The propo sition to turn over the assets of Josiah Morris & Co., to F. M. Billings meeting with favor in all quarters, and it is probable this action will be agreed upon at the meeting of the de positors. The schooner Bettie, M. LiBter cap tain, from Charleston, was detained at the Philadelphia quarantine station Wednesday evening with threo cases of suspected yellow fever on board. The sick seamen were taken to the hos pital at the lazaretto, where one of them was found to be suffering from a well developed case of the dreaded dis ease, while the others are suspects and show symptoms of the early stages of the fever. A large and enthusiastic meeting of the poard of trade of Columbus, Ga., was held Tuesday afternoon to consid er the financial situation. Resolutions were adopted urging Georgia’s senators and representatives to work for the un conditional repeal of the Sherman law: also requesting the Columbus Clearing House Association to issue certificates and approving the action of the cotton mills of the city in issuing certificates to be taken in payment of debts for the next sixty days. The intimation comes from Colum. bia, S. C., that ten dispensaries must be established in Charleston, and the process of getting up the names has been very much simplified. There are about two hundred well-known free holders in the city who will sign their names to almost any petition that is presented to them. These form the nucleus. The petitioner then hands his list to a colored lawyer, who is an .expert in the business, and he fills it up to the required number, 751, by copying down the names of colored freeholders off the tax books. A fight took place Wednesday be tween railroad laborers of the New York and New Haven and the electric railroads of Northampton, Mass., over «-right-of* way. . Twenty persons were injured, two. receiving bnllet wounds, bnt no fatal results are feared. Hos tilities were stopped by the authori ties after the, electric road succeeded in obtuining an injunction against the New York and New Haven Company. THE HEWS IH GEHEEAL. Condensed from Onr Most Important Telegraphic Advices And Presented in Pointed and Reada ble Paragraphs. Superintendent Sanborn, of the New Y'ork and New Haven, was arrested, but wis shortly afterward released on bail. Decreased Government Receipts. A Washington Special of Tuesday says: The continued business depres sion is felt nowhere more sensibly than by the government. Its revenues rise and fall in touch with business. So far this month its receipts are $3;000,- 900 less than last month and during the past three days the failing off has been very heavy. Business men are taking out of bonded warehouses as few goods as possible, while import ers have not only curtailed their im ports but are taking advantage of all the delay possible in paying custom duties. Reports from the Texas cotton belt are favorable for a heavy yield. The first picking will be delayed by rains in some localities. Planters say the fiber is equal to the best ever raised, and factors are preparing to handle a large yield. A Key West, Fla., special says: Cap tain J. W. Jones, of the British bark Antilla, died at Port Tortngas quaran tine station of yellow fever, August 11. The two mates have had yellow fever and the crew is of negroes, hence no further eases are expected. Brunswick’s city council met in regu lar session Wednesday night and brought up the fever subject. Mayor Lamb gave notice to suspend Drs. Dunwoody and Branham for derelic tion of duty. The report was received and the physicians will be notified. The Cole Manufacturing Company of Memphis,Tenn., on Wednesday filed an application in chancery, asking that a receiver be appointed to take charge'of the personal property of W. O. Collier, president of The Mem phis Appeal Avalanche Company, and his associates in business. The Coatsworth elevator at Buffalo, N. Y., having a capacity of twelve mil lion bushels and valued at three-quar ters of a million dollars, was totally destroyed by fire Tuesday morning. About a dozen frame structures,mostly saloons and dwellings, were also burned. The total loss is $800,000. A Danville, Ya., special says: An awful accident occurred at the county- line trestle, just east of Milton, on the Atlantic and Danville railroad, Wednesday morning at 2 :50 o’clock, by which two passenger coaches and a sleeper were precipitated into the creek below, a distance of sixty feet and the killing of seven persons out right and the wounding of a number of others. The “rush” of visitors to the World’s fair for which the officials have been looking so eagerly appears to have be gun in earnest. The cheap rates and numerous excursions of the last few days are beginning to make a most satisfactory increase of the gate receipts and the financial depression that has been so seriously felt in the World’s fair circles, seems now to be a thing of the past. A Washington dispatch of Tuesday says: Governor Tillman, of South Carolina, has applied to the United States patent office for authority to use the word “Palmetto” as a trade mark for South Carolina dispensary whisky... The patent officers are reti cent on the subject, arid say that it is not the proper thing to give out in formation concerning trade marks un til they are issued. A telegram from Brnnswick, Ga., says: Drs. Dunwoody and Branham and O. V. Barkuloo, the nurse, were placed on board a steamer Wednesday for the government-quarantine at Sap- elo, where they will remain until all danger from their contracting fever will be passed. All looked well and reported good health. They were well disinfected by Dr. Hugh Buford before leaving the house. Dr. Horlbeck, city health officer of Charleston, S, C,, states in regard to the reported cases of yellow fever on board the schooner at Philadelphia, that no ships of any description what ever had left his port with any sick ness on board; that there had not been in Charleston or at any point in the state any ease of yellow fever or any case of the slightest suspicion of yellow fever in the year 1883. It is reported that the miners at Corbnrn, Ya., are in a starving condi tion. A few day ago the mines at that place shut down, throwing a number of men out of employment and leaving them without money to buy transpor tation to some other town or even to buy bread. Their condition is pitiable in the extreme. On the very verge of starvation, they will steal everything that will serve as as food for them selves and their suffering families. THE HOTEL BURNED And Fire People Were Killed and a Jfnuiberdf Others Injured. A hotel fire at Chicago, resulting in the death of a number of the guests, occurred Monday morning. The fire was in the Senate hotel, a tliree-story structure on Madison street near Fifth avenue. One man jumped from a win dow in the top story and was killed. About half a dozen others were suffo cated and burned to death. Loss on the building and contents is practically total, but as the structure was old and the the furnishings cheap the amount will not exceed a few thousand dollars. A restaurant occupied the ground floor and the Senate hotel the two Upper ones. It contained thirty- six-rooms and held thirty guests when the fire broke out shortly after 6 o'clock. The rooms were separated by flimsy woody partitions and proved first-class food for fire. The blaze started in the office on the second floor and spread so rapidly through the halls and the upper rooms that it could be warned the flames had cut off their escape from the stairway and they were caught like rats in a trap. Those killed are Harry Godfrey, son of J, G. Godfrey, a hardware mer chant of Little Rock, Ark., burned. Edward Short, of Chicago, plumber, burned and jumped from rear window ; An unkuow woman and two unknown COHGRESS IH SESSIOH. The Dally Routine of Both Houses Briefly Epitomized. What is Being Done to Allay Finan cial Depression and Bring Relief. Eighth Day.—In the Senate, Tues day, Senator Gordon, of Georgia, in troduced a bill to suspend for six months the operation of the law taxing notes of national 6tate bunks 10 per eent. He prefaced its reading with a statement in which he claimed that the passage of liis bill, if not a pana cea for existing ills, would stop the panic in fifteen days. The bill was referred to the finance committee, Mr. Yoorhees reported back from that sommittee the bill introduced by him Monday to enable national banks to issue currency to the amount of the full par value of the bonds deposited. He expressed the hope that the bill would now be taken up and passed practically with out discussion. He met, however, an opposing force in Mr. Cockrell, who objected to immediate consideration and then proceeded to make an argu ment against it ns favoring national banks to the disadvantage of state banks. Mr. Yoorhees said that as a single objection caused his bill to. go over till Wednesday, he would now give notice that he would call it up Wednesday and move to put it on its passage. The Lee Mantle case, in volving the question of the right of the governors of states to appoint senators, under certain circumstances, was then taken up, and Mr. Hnnton, of Virginia, addressed the senate in support of Mantle’s right to the seat. Ninth Day. —The morning hour in the senate, Wednesday after the intro duction of bills, was largely occupied by a discussion as to the overloading of the government buildings in Wash ington with public books and docu ments, Mr. Vest proposing a remedy by the passage of a bill appropria ting $300,000 for a building to be known as the “Hall of Records.” A big batch of recess nominations was sent to the senate. There were sixty-six names on the list, which is confined to state and judicial nomina tions. There are five minister, twelve constils-general, five secretaries of le gation, five justices, seventeen district attorneys, nineteen marshals, two so licitors, an assistant attorney general and a Chilian claims minister. Ninth Day.—After the ordinary routine of morning business in the Senate, Thursday, the report on the Montana senatorial case was taken up, and argument was made by Mr. Pasco against the right of Mr. Mantle to hie seat under the governor’s appoint ment. RIOTOUS WORKMEN. A Mob of Them Demolishes a Building in New York pity. A New York special says: The first of the riots which- labor leaders and others have been predicting for some time as a result of the large number of men ont of employment, occurred Thursday morning. A crowd of more than 5,000 attacked Walhalla hall, on Orchard street, because admittance was denied them. They smashed the plate glass windows into atoms, forced in tho door which- had -been turned against them and forcibly took possession of the place. Several per sons were cut by the flying glass. All sorts of missiles were used and finally the police reserves from the Eldridgc street station were ordered .to. the scene and succeeded in partly dispers ing the crowd. Fifteen or twenty rioters were ar rested and locked up on the charge of disorderly conduct, bnt they were all discharged. When brought before the police court the proprietor of the hall would make no charge against them. He was afraid of a boycott if he press ed a charge and preferred to stand his losses. tSe house. Seventh Day*—When the house met at eleven o’clock Monday morn ing a large array of members were present. The speaker announced the following committee appointments: Enrolled bills: Pearson, (chairman,) Bussell, (Ga.,) Latimer, Hines, Hager, Adams and Gillett, (N. Y.) Accouut: Busk, (chairman,) Paynter, Tate, Mutchler, Ikert, Wells, Post, Wright, (Mass.,) and Marvin. Mileage: Lynch, (chairman,) Strait,Pendleton,..(Texas,) and Mahon. The silver debate was resumed,Boatner making his initiative speech in favor of free coinage. Hol man introduced a joint resolution mak ing immediately available the appro priation for the mileage of senators and representatives. Agreed to. The silver debate was then resiimed. Eighth Day,—In the house, Tues day, after approval of Monday’s jour nal, before a small attendance of mem bers, Mr. Burrows offered a resolution giving Chas. E. Belknap the right to contest the seat of George F. Richard son from the fifth district of Michigan. Mr. Richardson, the sitting member, asked that the resolution be laid over until Wednesday and it was so order ed. The silver debate was then re maned, Mr. Hutcheson., of Texas, con cluding his remarks began Monday in favor of the free coinage of silver. Mr. Hutcheson was followed by Mr. Blanch ard, of Louisiana, who spoke in favor of free coinage. Ninth Day.—In the house, Wed nesday morning, after adopting a res olution calling on the secretary of the treasury for information respecting silver purchases, the debate on the Wilson bill was resumed, Mr. McCall, of Massachusetts, speaking for the bill. Mr. McCall was followed by Mr. Combs, of New York. While speak ing for the repeal of the purchasing ciatise of the Sherman act, he referred to notes and thereby broke the natural flow of his eloquence. Tenth Day.—-Mr. Daniels, of New York, opened Thursday’s debate in the house with ft speech urging the uncon ditional repeal of the purchase sec tions of the Sherman act. He was followed by Mr. Cooper, of Florida, democrat, who announced himself as opposed to every proposition made by the silver men and for unconditional repeal. Mr. Goldzier, democrat, of Illinois, spoke in favor of the repeal of tho Sherman bill and raised his voice in support of the creditor class, which did not, he said, consist of the bankets and brokers of Wall street, bnt of the great mass of the people. At the conclusion of Mr. Goldzier’s remarks, Mr. Weadock announced the death of liis colleagne, J. Logan Chipman, of Michigan. The usual resolutions were adopted and the speaker appointed the following com mittee to take action in the premises: Messrs. Weadock, Whiting, McMillin, Gorman, Caruth, Cannon, of Illinois, Powers, Haugen and Ailkiu. The house then, as a tribute of respect to the memory of the deceased at 11:50 o’clock adjourned. Mexico and Her Tariff. Dispatches from City of Mexico states that the import duties on for eign corn, cornmeal and beans were restored - Tuesday. President Diaz judging that^the cause for the suspen sion of the duties has now ceased. The toll gate duties in the federal district on domestic cornmeal and beans were also restored. ' From this time for ward beer and other fermented liquors are liable on importation to the special tax of 15 per cent in addition to the regular import duties on the 6ame footing as foreign liquors obtained by distillation. A Cut of Ten Per Cent. Eight thousand machinists, pattern makers, molders, roller turners and laborers in Pittsburg, Pa., district have been notified of a reduction of 10 per cent iu their wages. The cut is vigorously objected to, and a strike is openly talked of. The proposed reduction affects the employes of 26 firms in Pittsburg. A special meeting of the various trades interested will be held immediately, and 0 course of action decided upon. Fire Kinds of Paper Money. “How many kinds of paper money are (here?” repeated Assistant Treasurer Sam Bailey when asked the question. “Five, and if you’ll wait an instant I’ll show you samples of them all.” Returning with five crisp slips, he scaled off the first at random and heAd it out at arm’s length. “That’s a United States treasury note or green back, the government’s note of hand, legal tender at its face value in pay ment of all debts—all means all, doesn’t it?—public and private, except when otherwise expressly stipulated in the contract. That is to say, the govern ment sometimes makes a contract to pay in gold, bnt if not then this note is a legal tender for all purposes. “Here is a $20 gold certificate. That represents 20 gold dollars depos ited in the United States treasury. Gold cannot be legally paid out for any other form of paper money. The silver certificate represents so many dollars deposited in the treasury. Gold cannot be claimed upon it. The coin certificate is not, ns many think payable in gold or silver. It repre sents the silver coined each month, under the bullion purchase act of 1891, and is payable only in silver, If gold were demanded for it, I should be obliged to refuse. The fifth kind of paper money is the national bank note. It displaced the old state bank notes, and is secured by United States bonds purchased by the bank issuing it and deposited with the United States treasurer. It is legal tender for all debts, public and private, except interest on the public debt and cus toms duties. All these moneys are, I believe, coined in all denominations, from $1 up, except the gold certificate which is not issued for sums under $20.”—Cincinnati Tribune. Effect of Tobacco on Boys. The boy who smokeB saps his physi cal strength. In boat races and games of baseball, cricket, bicycling and other athletics the habitual smoker stands no chance against the young man of pure, cleanly and temperate habits. Some investigations have re cently been made which convey a startling warning to smoking boys. From measurements of 187 students in Yale college it was found that those who let tobacco alone gained over those who used it during the college year 1892 twenty-two per cent in weight, twent-nine and one-half per cent in height, nineteen pet cent in girth of chest, and sixty-six per cent in lung capacity. Measurements at Amherst college showed even greater difference in favor of those who did not use tobacco. With such evidence as this before him, no sensible boy is likely to try to cultivate the tobacco habit or to cling to it if he has already acquired it. Give the boys more op portunities for athletics, and they will require less tobacco.— Troy Times. An Enelny of Sewers. The eucalyptus tree is the greatest destroyer of a sewerage Bystem known to the municipalities. The fibrous roots will penetrate the smallest pos sible opening at the pipe connections, and once into the sewer pipe will grow and expand until the sewer is entirely choked up, and in a number of. cities it has been found that the pipes have been broken. The planting of trees of this variety should be disconraged. In some cities ordinances have been passed compelling property owners to cut down all trees of the gum variety for the protection of the sanitary con dition.—Modesto News. The Aftermath. Husband—“Come sit on my lap, my dear, as you did in our old courting days. ” Wife—“Well, I declare! I haven’t received such an invitation for an age.” ^Husband — “And — er — bring a needle and thread with you, my love.” —New York Weekly. Avoidable. Summer Boarder—“If I should go fishing in that pond would I be likely to get any bites?” Farmer’s Boy—“No, not unless ye step on ’em.” “Step on them? On what?” “Snakes, of course.” (•rowing Old Pleannutly. Tile cheerfulest old folks you can find are those wise enough to mitigate the infirmities of age with Hostetter’s Stomach Bitters, the finest tonic in declining years, Infirmity, delicate health and convalescence. It stimu* latcs digestion, renews appetite and sleep, and insures regular action or the liver and bowels. Against malaria, rheumatism and kidney complaints it is a reliable safeguard. Discount all yotlr bwn notes before com mencing to discount other peopled. Malaria cared and eradicated from the sys tem by Brown’s Iron Bittern, w liich enriches the blood, tones the nerve j , aids digestion. Acts like a charm on persons in general ill health, giving new energy and s 1 . rength. Don’t worry about heaven if yonr conscience tells yon that you deserve it. How's This ! We offer One Hundred Dollars Beward tor any case of (’atarrh that cannot be cured by Hall’s Catarrh Cure. „ F. J.Ciienev & Co., Props,, Toledo, O, We, the undersigned, have known F. J. Che ney for the last 15 years, and believe him ]»er- fectly honorable in all business transactions and financially able to carryout any obliga tion made by their firm. West & Tiujax, Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, WaloI'G, Ki.waK & MAttVitf, Wholesale Druggists. Toledo, Oh«o. # Ila I s Catarrh Cure is taken internally, act ing directly upon the blood and mucous sur faces of the system. Price, 75c. per bottle. -Soli by all Druggists. Testimonials free. W# Car* Rapt or*. Ho matter of how long standing. Write for free treatise, testimonials, etc., to S. J. Hollensworth A Co., Owego, Tioga Co., N. Y. Price $1; by mail, $1.15. The surest way to b : liappy yourself is to try to make everybody else happy. Brown-’s Iron Bitters cure^ DyBpppsiT, Mala ria, Biliousness and General Debibt-. Gives strength, aids Digestion, tones tie A* ves- creates appetite. The best tonic for cursing Mothers, weak women and children. KNOWLEDGE Brings comfort and improvement anfl tends to personal enjoyment when rightly used. The many, who live bet- tei .nan othersand enjoy life more, with less expenditure, by more promptly adapting the world’s best products to the needs of physical being, will attest the value to health of the pure liquid laxative principles embraced in the remedy, Svrup of Figs. Its excellence is due to its pre-entLng in the form most acceptable and pleas ant to the taste, the refreshing and truly beneficial properties of a perfect lax ative ; effectually cleansing the system, dispelling colds, headaches and foyers and permanently curing constipation. It has given satisfaction to millions and met with the approval of the medical profession, because it acts on the Kid neys, Liver and Bowels without weak ening them and it is perfectly free from every objectionable substance. Syrup of Figs is for sale by all drug gists in 50c and $1 bottles, but it is man ufactured by the California Fig Syrup Co. only, whose name is printed on everf package, also the name, Syrup of Figs, and being well informed, you will not accept any substitute if offered. ‘August I had been troubled five months with Dyspepsia. I had a fullness after eating, and a heavy load in the pit of my stomach. Sometimes a deathly sickness would overtake me. I was working for Thomas McHenry',Druggist, Allegheny City, Pa., in whose employ I had been for seven years. I used August Flower for two weeks. I was relieved of all trouble. I can now eat things I dared not touch before. I have gained twenty pounds since my re covery. J. D. Cox, Allegheny', Pa. <D Young Mothers l IFo Offer You a Remedy which Insure* Safety to Rife of Mother and Child* V ^ “MOTHER'S FRIEND” Robs Confinement of it§ Rain, Horror and Risk, After .Afng one bottle of “ Mother’* Friend ” C suffered but little pain, and did uot experience that weakness afterward usual In such cases.—Mrs. Annie Gage, Lamar, Mo., Jan. 15th, 1391. 9tnt by express, charges prepaid, on receipt ot price, $1.50 per bottle. Book to Mothers mailed free. BBADFIELDBEGULAIOB CO,, , ATLANTA, GA, BOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS. WHISKY AND OPIUM HABITS CURED At j our home without pain or confinement. Patientis continue business while under treat ment. Whisky and all other drugs stopped immediately on beginning treatment—do not need them. No treatment yet discovered to compare with it. Have given special study and practice to these diseases lor the past twenty years, with continued and successful increase in practice. Write for my book of cures, free. B.M. WOOLLEY, M. I>, Dep’t A. Office, No. 104ii Whitehall Street, Atlanta, Ga. AN ASTONISHING TONIC FOR WOMEN. McELREE’fl It Strengthen* the Weak, Quiets th* Nerves, Relieves Monthly Suffering and Cures FEMALE DISEASES. ASK YOUR DRUGGIST ABOUT IT. S1.00 PER BOTTLE. CHATTANOOGA MED. CO., Chattanoogi, Tenn. At the present time the banks take no note of time—nor anybody else. A wonderful stoma“h corrector—Beecbam’s Pills. Beecham’s—no other*. 25cts. a box. If afflicted with sore eyes use Dr- Isaac Thomp son’s Eye-water.Druggists sell at 2.V.- per bottle. Distress in the Stomach Heartburn, Sick Head ache and other symp toms of 'Dyspepsia troubled me for several years. Since I have been taking Hood’s Sar saparilla this is , changed. Dyspepsia 1 trouble no longer bothers | me. I do not have heart burn and I am free from headache. I have gained in flesh and feel better in ever way.” Mrs. J. H.Cook, Martinsville. I MEND YOUR OWN HARNESS f WIXH THOMSON'S! SLOTTED CLINCH RIVETS. Ko tools rcqn.rrd. Only a hammer needed to drlvs ana c.inch th-m casi.y and quickly, leaving ihe clinch tbsoiutely smooth. Ho-qulilng no ho e to be made In the leather nor burr for the Rivets. They are strong, tonsil *nd dnrahlr. Millions now in use. Ail lenytht. uniform or :»e*>rted, pat np In boxes. A«lt roar denl«*r for them, or send 40c. la •tamps for a box of lOU, assorted sizes. ilan’fd by JUDSON L. THOMSON MFG. C0. # WALTHAYI, 'IASS. CANCER CURED WITHOUT THE KMF£ Or use oi painfd . bin injr, poisonous plas ters. Cancers exclusively treated. Dr. P. B. Green’* Sanatorium, Fort Payne, Ala. If any one donbfs weetnren?thorn ob stinate case in 29 to GO days. let him wr to for particulars and investi gate our reliab lity. Our f.n mclal backing is f.',00.000. When mercury, iodide potassium, sarsap irilla or Hot Springs fail, wo gmrantee a euro—and our ila vie Cyphilen -• Is the only CURB RUPTURE. Hotd's Pills are purely vegetable. 25 cents. ■ For Indigestion, Biliousness, 1 = Headache, Constipation, Bad 1 i Complexion, Offensive Breath, ■ I &il disorders of the Stomach, \ l liver and Bowels, i I RIPANS T A RULES, ~ set gently yet promptly. Perfect = ■ digestion follows their use. Bold I ■ hr nr TrvmalL Box HARD RUBBER TRUSSES ticulars. PaIW 1«B.S£EI4£Y&C0.»25 S.llth su.Pliiladiu We pay the Freight If not satisfactory r-v turn at once a.d get your money back. R. P, RAN DA LI/, arrlage Repository, New Orleans. CANCER Cured Permanently » J. X. Klein.Bellevlile.N'. J. Piso s Remedy for Catarrh is the Best, Easiest to Use, and Cheapest. CATARRH fcjold by druggists or sent by mail, 50c. E. T. Hazeltine, Warren, Pa. A. N. C Thp ty three, ’93