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THE JB<j JAu. /,' (./ / A DETOTED TO Tin: MINING, AGRICULTURAL AND EDUCATION At INTERESTS OF CLEVELAND, WIIITF COUNTY AND NORTH-EAST GEORGIA. TERMS: One Dollar Per Year. VOL. IV. CLEVELAND, WHITE COUNTY! ElII DAY , 1) EC E M B E R 0, 1895. NO. 49. PIEDMONT AIR LINE. THE MESSAGE. A It E V I K W O F I 111-: COU N I It V* \ FI AIRS BY MU. CLEVELAND. OOKDKN8RD SCHEDULE OK PASSENGER TRAINS, Lv. .* t InIItn ( I " A llhiiut K. T “ Nonm-s “ liuford " ••hIi.U'VIIIo .. " Lilt* “ < ornniiH " Mi. Airy. .. (.'cmrHl . 1 Cl ret |No.3*| - • 1 1 ■! i x Dgffi I 1.0 m ll.l t 7AOal i 1 OJ| 1*2 l. r )H MMul 1*2 5Ga SSHii lu It aj *2 *.5» -2 Ola It) 4 lu I 2 *23mIII Mu] 11 20u| !!!!!!!! a ixmIii hi.. I | a;.ou!i2i!7p] •2 42 p ! .\o.1k|.No.BS IK sun I),.ily 4 asp 4 OOp 6:i;ip| 5ut)|r villa. < a:ii spurmuLurv. i “ GttHneyi* " ItlacLst.urg . '* King's Mt j “ GhsIoiiIh i Ar. < hurN'tti* Ar. Danville i Ar. Rn limotnl. \ : Wfl •• Dal nT«P K H " 1 hilii.U lpl.in ; 1 '2U p 2 16p ;i2.p 4 10p 5 0<»p 6 2b p G 40p 0 00# H 0 40p) *«:L - M' ii j a H'uj 7 35p 8Mp snip !» lop a 5 ip lU 43p io uop Danville. ... ( IturlotU* ... GlUUOIll-t K ilia's ill lllucioburg . GalTufys . .... S|utrinuhurg. Omml Uich 'VcsiiuiiiMcr Tcki-oh “ lluf rd. Ar At mil i a 0 4!» tt | 12 U>| 2 to, 112 *23uI 2 Dp 1 37a 12 f»a« a u'.|i 2 2Np! 1 Mlti 4 4 p i i;.p 2 :uw. 3 40, ! a UU. ] I'l Ui I :::::::h-ss, Si?, 1 OCn 1 12p a i >p 4 aup a 12a y’.via ritia (I 2' 'ft "A” a. m. ‘*1*” p. m. * M ’ noon. "N" night. Nob. R7 mul :W—Wnnli ngton nud Senthwi**tern V« HlMiloi 1.)in11«-«1 'iliiiMigh Piiliniuii sloppcn between New*\<»k hik! n» w ortemi*, via Wm-h- liigiui , Atl.iMtH tind M.*nigomuiy, »ikI h!m» be ta ten New Yu k mxl Memphis, via \Ya Mngton, aiIkuia and tllrmiiighuiu. inning Cure. No* as and Mi United S'r.tcs fr.ht Mail, rulltnan Fleeplt'g Cura buuvien Ailuiiia, New Orleans uud •New York. Nor. 81 and r>2, Fxposltion Fiver, Through Pull* man sleeper* between Now York and Atlanta via W*tdnngutu. On TueRdayB mid *1 litm-du}* con* nettU»U Will bo n ode t oin Richmond with No. a], and on tli«*c *1»»t* #* rnlhnnn Sb eping C ur will be operated betw.en Kb hmond and aiImuIh, On Wednculns ami Suti.r ay* connection from At lanta in Richmond with through Bleeping car will be to leave Atlanta by truin No. 32. Nob. llond 12, Pulhnon Bleeping Car between Richmond, lJnnvil.e and capeusboro. thus taken are nil tho more likely to re-' bull in future safoty to our citizens in Chinn, because the imperial government is, 1 am persuaded, entirely convinced that wo desire only tho liberty and pro tection of our own eitiaens and radios* lor any wrongs they may have suffered, uud that we have no ulterior designs ox objects, political or otherwise. Ohinu will not forgot either our kindly service to hot* citizens during her late war not tho further fact that, while furnishing all tho facilities at our command tc further tlxo negotiation of peace be twcon her and Japan, wa sought no ad* vantages and interposed no counsel. Tho governments of both Chinn and Japan have, in special dispatches, trnns nutted through their respective diplo- mafic xepresontatives expressed in a most pleasing manner their grateful ap preciation ot oux assistance to their citi zens during the unhappy struggle, and ot the value of cur aid in paving the way to their resumption of peaceful relations Our Delations With Franco. The customary cordial relations be tween this country and France havi been undisturbed, with tho exception that a full explanation of the treat ment of John L WalW by tho ex traordinary military authorities of Franco still remains to ho given. Waller, formerly United .States consul nt Tnmntftvo, remained in Madagascar alter his term of office expired, and was apparently successful in procuring bus ine.ss concessions from the liovas ot greater or less value After the occu pafioti of Tamatavn and the declaration of martial law by the French, he waa arrested upon various charges, among them that of communicating military information to tho enemies of Franco, was tried and convicted by a military tribunal ami sentenced to 20 years' im prisonment Following the course just ified by abundant precedents, this gov ernment requested from that of Franco tho record of the procodo of tho French tribunal which resulted in Waller’s ports concerning these depart mental I condomnatiou. This request has boon operations If justly and fairly exam- i complied with to tho extent of supply- ined they will furnish proof of ussidu- j ing a copy of tho official record, from ons and puinstaken care for the public , which appear the constitution and or- welfare, I press the recommendations j ganization of tho court, the charges ns the contain upon then -pcctful attention j formulated, and the goneral course ami of those charged with the duty of leg* j result of the trial, and by which it is ha Financial situation Discussed a Longl li-.St rongly Agilust Brcrn- backv-Vene/.iiolun Dispute Shoul lie Submitted to Arbitration, Kto. Washington, Dec. 8, 1805. Mcssago to tho Congress of tho Uuited States: The present assemblage of the legisla tive branch of our government occurs at a time when tho interests of our people and tho needs of tho country give es pedal prominence to the condition of our foreign relations and tho exigencies of our national finances The reports of the heads of the several administrative departments of tho government fully and plainly exhibit what has been no eomplished within the score of their ro- ipe< five duties and present each recom mendations for the betterment of our country's rendition as patriotic and in tc-lligent labor ami observation suggest 1 therefore deem my executive duty adequately performed at this time by presenting to tho congiexs the import ant pliuses of our situation as related to our intercourse with foreign nations, and a statement of the financial prob lem which confronts us. omitting, ex cept as they are related to these topics, any reference to department operations. I earnestly invite however, not only the careful consideration hut the se verely critical sci uitny of the congress and my fellow countrymen to the ro of the nwnrd. havi Jifcen earnestly urged upon the British government, but tir.n far without elYe«tlvo#pHUUs. lu the mean time the depletion 61 tho seal henls by meant of p ilugk'- DifWiug has so alarming ly progressed thathtmMs their slaughter is at unco effectively chockt-d, their extinc tion within a Unv J utffsrsoems to be a mat- tor of absolute !crhiu*ty. The underRtRiflinf by which the Uni ted St«t»-s was to,|TRvfluid Great Britain to receive, a lump Ahi'i of ?i a.uui) m full ■i-Ulument of all DnSasli claims for dam i- ges Arising frmq ®m^Hi>i/.uru of British sealing vessels, nnauthor zed under rhe award of the Form Uibunal of arbitration, whs not confirmed fr tho last conitresB, which declined to m iko tho neccssiry ap propriation. I am sfjll of tho opinion th it this arrangement jtis n judicious and advantageous one lyr* the government, 4U.d 1 earnestly reftaumend that it ba ngaln consideredniA^siyiielioiied. If, how- t'Vd, this does nAt |Ui i;t with the favor of congress, it certainl|f Will hardly dissent, from tli« nroposmo^ tlmt tho government is bound uy every Anslderation of honor and good faith to )#< vldo for tho speedy Adjustment of tllOKRClaiins by ar hit lai loti as the only oth«*altfrnative. A treaty of arbitration has' bfKUirToro been agreed upon, and wiirWfe inimedi Holy laid before J tho senate, so thafi in ouo of the modes suggested, litml scuBL'iuent may bo reach | ed ’i bo commi»HiiJ^i*tH appointed to mark \ th* international Uamulary in Pass mi x quodfty bay nccftrduig to a treaty, have not yet fblly a.itrjBud{ The AlaskRn Uonndary, strancc and a claim for tndeninHr, which is not, thus far conceded. Mr. Thurston, the Hawalln minister having furnished this government with abundant reason for asking that be be recalle I, that course was pursued and bla uucceshOi* has lately’ btiku received. Tho 81 rug sling Cnbnua. Cuba is again gravely dV.:;rh*d An insurrection, inlotnerespects, mor-j r*rt;v • than tho last preceding tevoir. which continued from lsiH to '. V *S, now existb n large part of tho eastern interior of ths iaiau l. menacing even vomo popu.'aticnx on the coast. 11 side-t der-ttiging t lie com im-rctal exelnuges of the itland of whf i our country tak' « the predomina it shar° this flagrant condition of huatnit es. by mousing cmotlntiHl sympitiiy and ir.lH ing iidventuioUH support amouug our people h is entailed earnest effort nit t'.M ji in-of t his government to enforce oh? P. cnee to our neutrality laws and t.. prevetK. the territory of the United States from being abused ns a vantags grnuti l from which to ai l tlmsoin arms against Span Hoverignty, whatever maybe tin ish tdiown that tho accused was tried in open court and was tide tided by coun- buiFine arg^Tiiityrrpxuitic ana wa In agreeable contrast to the difference W. A. TURK, B. IT. HARDWICK. Oen’l Ph»b. Ag’t, Afta’t Gcu'l I’akb. Ag’t, Washing ion, D. C. Atlanta, Ga. W. B. RYDER, Superintendent, Charlottk, Nohtii Carolina. t. H. GREEN, J. M. CULP, Gen'lfcupt, Trsfllc M’g’r, Washington, I> C. Washington, IX 0 TURKS STILL ACTIVE IN T1IKIU OUIRAC.KOUS HUTCII- KUY OF AUMENl.VNS. Protection From tlie Porto Is Con sidered as a Farce. The London Times publishes u dis patch from Julfa, dated November 28th, saying that the Armenian vil lages between Fonda an t Van, proba bly to the number of forty-six, have been destroyed by the Ilamidieh cav alry. All the reports sny that tho number of persons killed was very large. The refugees am mostly going to the city of Van. There x\ i 11 probably bo a ma-sacro in Van soon. Cannon nro trained on the houses of tho Armen ians and the trees along tho streets have beeu felled to give free range to their fire. Reports pay that the H tinidieli cavalry arc raiding tho en tire province of Van and committing hotr.ble atrocities. Many women have been carried to the mountains. Van is the only place that has beon untouched by the Kurds, who are seizing !arg“ numbers of sheep and cattle. The whole population of the village of Jurtaloti, numbering 200, have been killed. The Ilamidieh cavalry attacked Iv.tnmr, ft Per i to village, but were repulsed by tho gar rison in the f rt. Turkish regulars waited outside tho village t<» join in ih • j respective plun der. Aft. r being r<-pulsed the H.mii- dieh cavalry destroyed the small Pei- sian village. Arm* d band* of Arrao- ninus are c-iit ring Van from Persia. One band fought the Hatnidieb cavalry for two days near Serai. Many are reported to have b«*en killed. The cavalry withdrew and plundered and destroyed Ser-*i. Many ne-dorians in the Bashkova district are reported to have beeu killed. iblution, boctiuso I believe their arloj; tion would promote, the peoples* good. By umenautory tariff legislutiou in January list, the Argentine republic, I Hut the evidence adduced in support of recognizing the valued the large mar- tho charges which was not received by ket opened to tho free importation of the French minister for foreign affairs its wools under our last tariff net, has till the Hut week in October has thus admittod eortuin ,m„lucl« °f tl.n Umto.l . ", rmkln^'th.-KVotuirt I'hat'iM pro'luc' b at.-H to entry at re.l uni duties. It la . tio:i tn mp ' onM ourWemaml «■ ail.l pleasing to ii to that tiro efforts wc hnvo ta i,u s |, „ i,„| 1>m -r<lent. Thu efforts of made to enlarge-tho exchanges of trado our amlmsBiiflur to procure Jit, however, on a sound basis of mutual benefit ur© ' ‘ ‘ ‘ in this instance appreciated by t lie coun try from which our woolen factories draw their needful supply of raw ma terial. Argeutlno Ikomuluvy DUputo. though impeded by recent changes in the French ministry, have not been relaxed, and it is confidently expected that sonto b aUf ictory solution of tho matter will shortly Jn; tvached. Meatiwhlli It appears that Waller’s con- flucttieut ha) every alleviation which tho In agre above noted respecting a matter of com mon concern where nothing is sought ex cept such a mutually satisfactory out come ns the true merits of the case require, is the recent resolution of the French chum bora favoring the conclusion of a permanent treaty of arbitration be tween the two countries. An invitation lms been extended by France to the government and people of the United Staten to participate in a great international exposition nt Paris in 1900 as a suitable comtnemora'ioii of the close this, the world's marvellous century of progress. 1 heartily recommend its ac ceptance, together with such legislation as will adequately provide for a due rep resentation of this government and its people on this occasion. Itcliitloiis With Germany. Our relations with the states of tho Ger man empire nro. in some aspects, tyoical of a condition of things elsewhere found in countries whose productions and trade are similar to our own. The close rival- ri» s of competing industries; the influence of the delusive doctrine that tho internal development of a nation is promoted and its wealth increased by a policy which in undertaking t<» reserve its home markets for the. exclusive use of its own producers necessarily obstructs t heir sales in foreign markets and prevents free access to too products of the world; tho desire The complotioi! o&the preliminary sur vey of thc'Alaskahbouml.ary which lol- lows the opmoui- oT the coast Horn Lite southernmost point?of Prince of Wales island tinti1;jt strides tho otto hundred and lorty-ilrst pic fall in at or near tho summit of Mount ML-Ellus awaits further ni-ces-.ary m-pr ipr-lation. which is ur gently recommend^!. This survey was undertaken under tfio provisions of the convention entered p\to by this country ami Great Britain J-^ly 1892. ami the supplementary ^convent ion ol Fobruury 3, lMM. t As to t.lie remfltinfng section of tho Alas kan boundary, which folio vs tho ono hunrlred and fortv-llrst merir.ian north* wardly from MounfSt. Elias to tho frozen ocean*tho settlement ot which involves the physical location of tho meridian men tioned. najRWventlonal agreement lias yet been nm lC Thc s.k’Rrtaiument of a given meridian Wm par.icnlnr point is a work requiring«much time and care ul observa tions and surveys. Buell observations uud Hiirvox# were undertaken by tho United SiatoTcoust and geodetic survey in 189) and 893, while similar work iq* tho same quarters under British auspices urn be lieved todiiyo near;yiJ^Incident result, hut these Mitrve)A» have been imiepemlently conducted mid no lilt erunt ioual agreement to mark those or any other parts of the liumired and lorty-ilrst meridian by per- nnnent..monuments has yet been male, in tlie meantime tite valley of the Yu son is becomiitg a high’Vr/ty th lough the hith erto unexplored wilds of Alaska, and abundant mineral wealth has heon dis covered in t htt ration especially nt or m-ar the jnhatjon of th • b mn (ary traditional sympathy of our country men, as individuals, with a people who seem t> lie struggling for lar autonomy. Greater freedom do j>t*nd ns such sympathy, naturally must Ee in behalf of our noighlnr*. yet the plain duty of their government is to oh B Tvo in good faith the recognized obliga tion* of international relationship. Tho I performance of this duty should not be made more difficult, by a disregard on tho I part of our citizens of the obligations ! growing out of their allegiance in tneir country, which should restrain them Iron violating, us individuals, the neutrality which tlie nation which they nro members is bound to ubs-rv - in its relations of frir ly sovereign states. Tiiough n it nor tho warmth ufourpeople’s sympathy with the Cuban insurgents nor our loss and in iteriul dam ago consequent upon tho futile endeavors thus far m ulu to restorn peace and order, 1101*11113’ shock our hum in sensihiiilius may have received from thu j cruelties which appear to especially .char- I ucieri/.o this sanguinary and finely con ducted war, lm\o in the lc» ist shaken tho determination of tho government to lion e 1 t v fulfill every luteruiitioii u obligation, yet it. is to ho earnestly Imped, on every ground, that the devastation of nrtn-d conflict may speedily be st ayed and order and quiet restored to tho distracted islan I, bringing in tint train of activity and thrift of peaceful pursuits only temporary use ar.d to meet the emer gettcy of war. In almost if not. till the laws relatim. totiuMn. sotne provision was made con'.etnpl »ting their voluntary or eotnpuLory retirement. A largo quan tity 1.! them, however, were kept on loot and mingled with too currency of the c uniry, so tlint at flit; »lose of tlie year ■ Mt, they amounted to $-lSl,WJ 9J3. lin nn*d!uttd*y tt ter that date, and in January a law was passed providing for the te-umptlon of sn- ie payin mts. I>y which tlie set n lary ol the tie tsmy was required, wh-itc-ver a‘idilional lirculaliot w as is nv, dionati nil lur.ks to retire United Mute* note* equal In amount i>» Kf pot* 4 e..t of su-.li ad lit Ion *1 national b-ir.k tir « ulrttiou utit'.l b'.uh notes were reduced t ? i * h ** 1 >1-1 that on This law findh aftet Jan 1. 1^7.», 'he Uulu* t ’rfiatea noU*« t ln-i. nut standing should he ted'a-med it* ir/.n and in ordc-t to provide and prepare for such redempLon the secretary of tns treasury was authorized not only to ;mu any etirplus revenues of the government but to tssuo bonds of tho United Slates and tluspoiie of ilium fur coin and tons* tho pro.ceils for thu purposes content’,) luted by the slat ties In May. Dili, and before tho date thus appointed for redemption and retirement, of these notes, another statute was pissed forbidding their further cancellation and retirement Some of them h id however, b.- ti previously redeemed and cancelled up n tin* issue of ad fit ion ul national bank circulation, as permitted by thu law of Dm, so that the amount outstanding at tlie time ot the p t-s ige of the act forbid »lmg their lurth.r retirement was ?:Hh, tktl tMO. Tite law of 1878 did not stop nt distant prohih.iioii, hut contained, in addition, the following express provision* "Ami when any of s till n *tes may bt» ro- detune I or l)u reudved into the treasury, undei any law, from any source whatever, an I shall belong to the Unit»d .States, th *y shall not be retired, cuncello I or de stroy d but they shill l> • reissued and paid out a rain and kept in eircul itlon.” T ie government w is put in the anom alous Htiuuti m of owing to the itoldurs of its n »tes, dents payable in gold 0:1 demand which could noilh-r bo retired l>v receiv- Hiteli notes in discharge of obligitions suspicion that a large part of the gold paid into the treasury upon such sales was promptly drawn out again by the presentation of United .States notes or t re imiry notes and found its way to tins Lands of those wh > had cnly temporarily parted with it in the purchase of bondg. An agreement was tlicue ore made with n number of tlcuiuder* and bankers where* Ly it was stipulated that b aids described tn tr.e resumption net of D7'», payable tn coin thirty years after their date, bearing interest at the rata of 4 per cent, per an no 111. and amounting f:> about $G2,(MK).U0O ► luu’. l la* cXv’haageJ for gold, receivable by weight, amounting to a little more t nan Sn ., , »>). , it)J TUI* gold was to be delivered In such in- n.a.lments as would complete its delivery within about tux months from the date of the contr ict. ari l at least one half of tho amount was to b- 1 urn:.shed from abroad. U was also agreed by those supplying tlil«s cold tti.it during the continuance of the contract they would by every mean's In t heir pftwer to protect the government against gold withdrawals On the day that contract was made its terms were comtuunio tie ! to congress by a special executive message in which it was stated tlmt more t nan si.xt *en millions of dollars would be saved t > tho g worn- meat if gold bon 19 bearing three per cent, interest were authorize 1 to be substituted L.r those mentioned i't the contract. Tho congress having declined to grat the ne cessary authority to secure mis saving, the contract, unmodified, was sarried out, resulting in a go.d reserve amounting o $107.571 2*D on th * 8th d ly of July, 1 5, the performance of this contract not o y restored tho reserve, but cdieecsed fc n time the withdiawals of go d and brou t on >1 p* rind of restored con idenco and st h peace and quiet in ousiness circles as w 0 of tho great st possible value to every \- tcrest that affect d our p ople. I fm o never had tlie slight st misgiving as co the wisdom or propriety of tho. arrange ment an 1 am quite w lling to answer for my full share of ro ison-ibilit.y for its pro motion. 1 is lii-ve it averte l a disaster tho imminence of which was, fortunately, not nt tlie time geticrrlly umler.4tOjd by our people. Though the contract, mentioned stayed time toe tide of gol 1 withdrawal, its duo the government, nor cancelled by I good results could not t»e p ermanent, lie uni payments in gold, it was forced to redeem wituiouL redemption and to pay wit bout acquittancu. Th'*t*j lin 1 iiu*n isHUOil and sold $9’»,50'V 0 in of tax bonds autiiorizo l by tin* resump tion net of 187 , tho proceeds of which, to- OiiuftoiiililoniHlnnco of interference by ] gcttier with other gold in tho treasury, | in the Bpaiu with passing American ships has oc* created a gold fund deemed sufficient to well ii meet the oem unls which might be made upon it for the redemption of tho out standing Un ted States notes. This fund, tog t her with such other gold as might bo front time to time in the treasury avail able for the s unn purp iso, has been sin *e called our goid reserve, and $109,00.1,Off.) has been r.-g ir lu 1 us an a (equate amount to accomplish its ooj -ct. This fund amouiitedoaJ.it!. 1, 1878. to $114.193.309, and biioiwh thereafter constantly fluclu- ian with the YitkoA, and its tributarU-a. In those circumstances it is expedient in- deod. imperative, t\Vmfc the jurifidictioiml 1 ships h; curreil. On March 8 last, tin* Allianc wltiie hound from Colon to Now York, and following the customary track f<»r vessels near the Cub an shore but outside the three mil > limit was fired upon oy 1 Spanish gunboat.. Fr >t *st was promptly made by the United States against this act as not being justified by astauiof war nor permissible in reap -ct of vess *ls on 1 lin usual p itus of commerce, nor t ileraiile in view of the wanton peril occasioned to in nocent. life and property. The a t \v ts dis avowed. with full expression of regret and assurance of 11 m-ieeui rence of such just cause of complaint, while the offend- ing officer was relieved of his command. ril, reform! to the pidstdont of flier United States us arbitrator during the term of my predecessor, and which was submit tod to 1110 for determination, re sulted in an award in favor of Brazil upon tho historical and dcxmniontary evidence presented, thus ending a long protected controversy and again demon strating tho wisdom and desirability' of settling international boundary disputes by recourse to friendly arbitration. Ne gotiations are progressing for a revival of tlie United Mates and Chilian claims commission, whose work was abruptly terminated last year by r tho expiration of the stipulated lime within which awards could be made. Tlie resumption of specie payments by Chili is a stop of great interest and importunoo both in its direct conse quences upon her own welfare and us evincing tlie ascendancy of sound finan cial principles in one of the most influ ential of tlie Soutli American republics. The Chlm-Hi*-JapaiH-Bc War. The cIofo of tho momentous struggle between China and Japan, while reliev ing the diplomatic agents of this govern ment from the delicate duty they un dertook nt the request of both countries, of rendering such service to tho sub jects of cither belligerent with tho territorial limits of each other as our neutral position permitted, de veloped a domestic condition in tlie Chinese empire, which lias caused much anxiety and called for prompt and caret ul attention. Either ns a result of a weak control by tho cen tral government over tlie provincial ad ministrations, following a diminution of traditional governmental authority under tlie stress of an overwhelming national disaster, or as a manifestation upon good opportunity of the aversion of the C)iiiie.se population to all foreign ways and undertakings, there have oc curred in widely separated provinces of China, serious outbreaks of the old fanat ical i-pirit against foreigners, which, unchecked by tho local authorities, if not actually connived at by them, have resulted in mob attacks on focign mis sionary stations, causing much destruc tion of property, and attended with per sonal injuries as well as loss of life Although but one American citizen ..as reported to have been actually wounded, and although the destruction j eV( , r constrain us to submit to unfair dls of property may have fallen more heav- ] cr i m ination nor to silently acquiesce in ily upon tho missionaries of other 11a* i vexatious hic.ilrnnces to the enjoyment of tionalitios than our own, it plainly be- j our slmro of the legitimate advantages hoved this government to take the most of proper trade relations. If an exantiiia- prompt and decided action to guard tiouoftlie situation suggests such mean- I « Pex-Uaps n.oro dread- ! “JKTXt j ful calamities befalling the hundreds of j t . r WJi j fo fiUC h fl course is easy. , American mission stations which have j t ’ „j JoU id, however, by no means j grown up throughout tlie interior of i, e lightly entered upon, since the ne I China under tho temperate ruin of tol- cessity for t lie inauguration of such a ! eration, custom and imperial edict. The policy would be regretted by the best, 1 demands of the United Status and other sentiment of qur people, and bee powers for the degradation and punish ment of the responsible officials of tho respective cities and provinces, who by neglect or otherwise had permitted up Thu Trouble In Turkey. . i , a*-.-. . - . , Occurrences in Turkey have continued limits of the rvSMct t ve govern men t s in to cxclllM . onct . rn . The rouorted massacres tins new region bo speedily determinud. of Christians in ArmetiiaAMiil tlie dovcl ip- ller Britannic majpMyH nicut there and in other district a 01 a spirit nroposetl a jpi»Mt or^auntic hostility U* L’lirlici.Tn 1:UJwu*>ux»h hundred On l torty-Tiiwr nlefidHtl by art unLurallv exult• u annrolionsion for the internationiC •commission or experts or which, if congress will authorize it. and name duo pr>visl m there f, can be ac complished with no unreasonable delay. It is impossible to overlook the vital im- j „ , vll , t portanco of continuing tlie work alro idy their olucutlonal and religious mission, entered unon, and supplementing it by No efforts have been spared in their behalf. naturally excit'd apprehension for the safety of tho devoted meh and women who. as dependents of tho foreign mission ary societies in the United States, reside in Turkey under tho guarantee of law uud usage and in the legitimate performance further effective measure* looking to t he exact location of this entire bouudary lino. Tho United Mates and Canada. I call attention to the unsatisfactory do- linitation of the respective juris Actions of the United Stales and t.tie Dominion of Canada in the great lakes at tho ap proaches to the narrow waters that connect them. Tho waters in ques tion are frequented by fishermen of both nationalities and tho r nets are there used. Owing to the uncer tainty and ignorance as to the true j and their protection in person and prop erty lms been earnestly and vigorously en forced by every me ms within our p ma r. I regret, however, that an attempt on our p trt. t. > obtain better inform iti-ni con cerning the true condition of affairs in tiid disturbed quarter of the Of loin 111 empire, by sending l hit h r the United St lies con sul at Siv.ih to make investigation and re port. was thwarted by the objections of tlie 'furnish government. This movement on our part was in no House meant as a gratuitous entanglement of the United Btat.es in the socailcd eastern question, as an officious interference with tho measured courses filling r mge marks on shore is a necessity for which immediate provision should lie made. It. being up parent that the bound-try dispute b tween (7rent Britain and the republic of Veil czuela concerning tho lim.ts of British V” j Guinea was approaching an acute stag' 1 • .lallnl * * * 1 ride in time-worn ruts, regardless of the inexorable laws of new __ slum Id be issued payable on demand in gold or silver coin at the discretion of the secre tary of the treasury. Jt was, however, declared in thu act to be ‘ the established p >ltcy of the United States to maintain tho two 111 'tais on a parity with each other upon the present legal ratio, or such ratio us may be provided by la v.” In view of this declaration it was not deemed permis sible lor the a cret-ry of the treasury to exercise the discretion in terms conferred on him. by refusing to piy gold on these when deni indo l, because by such discrim ination in lavor of the gold d liar the so- called parity of tue two metals would bo destroye l, an I gravo and d mgerous con sequences would be precipitated by affirm ing or accentuating the constantly widen ing disparity between their actual values under 1 he exist in 2 ratio. It. thus resulted that the treasury notes issued in payment of silver purchases un der t lie law ot 183 1 were necessarily treated as gold obligati )iis, at the option of tlie h ilder. Tnuso notes on tno list day of November, IH'J.'t, when the law compelling the month pur- ■V-'IT’TsV gious freedom ot the non-.Mussuiniun purchase of silver was repealed amounted joint comm ssnm to determine'the I tie 1 1 hll |,j t . c i,s of the .sultan, but ii arose s duly t.o more t. him *55, 0 ),0.t0. The notes of those^ quarterH^^m^ from our desire to hive an uccitnite this description now outstundiug added knowledge of the condition in our efforts to the United States notes still midiuiiii- to cure for those entitled to our protec- | is'.ird by redemption or cancellation tion. The prcsanco of our naval vessels which are now in the vicinity of the dUturoed localities affords op.iortun.t i"s to acquire a measure qf f imiliurity with the condi tion of affairs, and will enable us to ti ithdrawals have reduced the re serve from $1 7,o71.230 on July 8, 1895, to $79,333.9 iff. How long it will remain largo enough-to render its increase uum'cesary is only a matter of io:ij.*c uro though quit- larg* withdrawals from shipment immediate future are predicted iu lformed quarters. Ab m?t $lU.(i0o t ()0(t eu withdrawn during tho luoutU of November. Tue foregoing statement of events and conditions develops tlie fact tlmt after in creasing our interest bearing bonded iu- debte luess more than $102 u »*, oj to have our gold reserve, we nr.t nearly where we started, having now in such reserve $79,- 3 13,900, as against $d -,134,377 in L’chruary, 1894, when t h ? lir-t bontls were issued. . J am convinced the only thorough ami at ing, it. did not tall b. low that sum unt il practicable remedy tor our troubles is July, 1M)3. lu April. 1893. tor tho first . found in tlioretirement and cancellatiqn time since, its eunblishmont, this reserve G f our United tva' s notes, commonly amounted to less than $b*),0 hj.uoO, con- called greennacks, and the outslandlng taming at that date only $97 nil,*23 L | treasury not n issued by tho government In the meantime. and in tho j n paynieut of silver purchasea under tlu> month of July 189). nil act had been nctorlbi)). 1 believe this could he quite passed directing larger governmental, rcanily accomplished by the exchange of mont hly purclmHeHot silver than h »d been 1 these .lotes for United Btatcs bonds of uirol under previous laws, and pro-| Hma q UH well as largo ilenominavioruj. »>'»y.mc d. for such silver t^p,^ a iuw rate of interest. TlkCT of theSUwiteiLBuua's should I TShoula ; ho lOiig termed bonds, thus in creasing there desirability us investments, and because their p lyunsnt could ho wnfi postponed to a period far removed from present, financial burdens and perplexi ties, when with increased prosperity and boundary, vexatious disputes and iniuri- j .Jd e b tr y to o»» of IioivIh .mil n..|H l,y (j!u,:t- j [ « , " 7 K, r“pe.u, ^cl ft,£ cltiui cruise,H otte.i occur, wlillu iiuy posi- ... v ,.„, mnUers tive settlement thereof by an accepted standard is not easily to bn reached for their inter vent ion iupditieil matters ting the good government and reli gious freedom of the non-Mussulman hanged condition of demand and supply, and our own hslting tardiness in invit ing a I reer exchange of commodities and by this means imperiling our footing in the external markets naturally open to ii*. have created a situation sonn-what in jurious to American exports interests,.not only in Germany, where they are perhaps most noticeable! but in adjacent count ries. The exports affected are largely Ameri can cattle and other food products, the reason assigned for unfavorable dis crimination being that their con sumption is deleterious to the pub- lie Health. This la all tho more irrl tating in view of tbij^ Jact ritorial poss Hsious on this continent, that this policy is as well founded in principle a i t.HuUti HUi wuent of thu in",...... ...... . f ll(r , lire wil , Iiolioy of tlio LiiIUmI State, us nls tho Kllitu |, Iu Ht ,. |)H for thu prot^liou of uny ormLrnv.Tsv to I,u ramimal l.otli )llU , rL . Hlsof ' (lllr countrvn,on wiLhin n-,, ' controversy fleemud to lie required both on its own account and in view of its re lation with tho friendly powers iliiocLly concerned. The VnnoziioIuM Dlsputo. In July last, therefore, a dispatch was address*d to our ambassador at L indou for communication to the British govern ment, in which the attit ude of the United States was fully and distinctly set forth. The general conclusions therein reached and formulated ar.? in substance that tho tradition il and csttblished policy of this government is firmly opposed to a forcible) by any Europe in power of its ter- of be I. ships that inigut be found iiupcr- state is as jealous of the. excellence and whoif Homeness of its exported food supplies of the United States, nor so easi ly aide, on account of inherent soundness to guarantee those qualities. It is not to l)e forgotten that interna tional trade can not be onesided. Its cur rents.are alternating and its movements should be honestly reciprocal. Without this it almost necessarily degenerates into a device to gain advantage on a contriv ance to secure benefits with only the aem- RKWARU9 FOU LYM I1KKS. )V ornor Stone, of Mississippi, Offers $.500 Each for the Guilty Men. Governor Stone olTers n reward of .00 for tlio arrest unit conviction of „ Ee who tuoh > art in the lynching of e negro murderer Jack Yurbroiwb, Crystal Springs recently, and $-•>.* eh tor the urrest urA conviction of obc who aKM-ted in tho eacape of ill Pnrvi", the white oap murderer, om the Marion county jail two weeks U Ilill on tlie Lecture Platform enator David B. Ilill,of New York, le bis western debut on the lectnrn tform at Milwaukee, on Tuesday naturally and logically might lead to con sequences of the gravest character, lteiutionit With Great llrltaiu. Our relations with Great Britain, always risings, and for tlio adoption of stern intimate and important, have demande measures by tlio emperor’s government for the protection of the life and prop erty of foreigners, were followed by the disgrace and dismissal of certain provin cial officials found derelict in duty and the punishment by death of a number of those adjudged guilty of actual par ticipation in the outrages. This government also insisted that tv special American commission should visit tho province where tho iirst dis turbances occurred for tho purpose of investigation. This latter commission, found after much opposition, has gone overlaud from Tieu-Tsiq, accompanied bv a suitable Chinese escort and by itm demonstration of the readiness and ability of our government to protect its citizens will act, it is believed, as during the. past year even n greater share of conslderoti'iu t han is usu >1. Several vexatious questions were left undetermined by the decision of the Ber ing sea tribunal. Tin? application of tho principles laid down by that august body lias not been followed by the results they were intended to accomplish, eith-.-r be cause their execution his been more or less imperfect. Much correspondence has been exchanged between tin? two govern ments on the subject of preventing the exterminating slaughter of seals. The insufficiency of the. British patrol of Behring sea, under the regulations agreed on by tiw? two governments, has been pointed out. and yet only two British ships have been on police duty during this season in those waters. The need of a more effective enforce merit of existing regulations, as well as izens will act, it is believed, as a t j,„ adoption of such additional regula- influential deterrent of any similar tionsas experience lms shown to ho ab- outbrenks. Tlio euergetic steps wo have j solutely necessary to carry out the intent it is st r nigly supported by numerous precedents; that as a cons.-quence tho United States is bound to proles against tin? enlargement of the area of British Guinutm in derogation of the rights and against tin? will of Venezuela; that consid ering the ilLn irity as in strength of Great Britain and Venezuela, toe territorial dis pute between them can he reasonably s *t- tl d only by friendly and impartial arbi tration. and that tin? resort to such arbi tration should include tin? whole contro versy, and is not satisfied if ono of the powers concerned is permitted to draw an arbitrary line through the territory in de bate. uud to decl ire that it will submit to arbitration only the por ion lying on one side of it. In view of these conclusions, the dispatch in question called upon the British government for a definite answer to the question whetherlt would or would not submit the territorial controversy be tween itself and Venezuela in its entirety toimpirtlal arbitration. The answer of the British government lms not been re- j ceived, but is expected shortly, when fur ther communication on tiie subject will j probably bo made to the congress. I The JI ii vi ui l:m Revolution. Early in January last, an uprising ! against tho government <»f Hawaii was i promptly suppressed. Martini law was forthwith proclaimed, nn<J numerous ar rests were made of persons huso *cted of being in sympathy with tho royalist party. Atnongtlieseweresever.il citizens of tint United States, who were either convicted by a military court and sentenced to death, imprisonment, or fine, or were de ported without trial. The United States, while denying protection to such as Iniil taken the Hawaiian oath of allegiance, in sisted that martial law, though altering the forms of justice, could not supersede justice itself, and demanded stay or execu tion until the proceedings had been sub mitted to this government and knowledge obtained therelrom that our citizens had received fair trial. Tho death sentences were subsequently committed or were remitted on condition of leaviug the islands. Tue c tses of cer tain Americans arreste l and expelled by arbitrary order without formal charge or trial have had attention, and in some in- stuuues bus beet, found to justify remqn- Though thus far no lives of American citizens have b *on sacrificed, tlmre can lu no doubt that serious loss and destruction of nission prop rly have resulted fr in riotous conflicts and outrageous attacks. Tlie Financial Situation Kovluwed. As we turn from a revi \y of our foreign relations to tho contemplation ot onr na tional linifioial siltiati »n wo are immedi ately awaro tout, wo approach a subject of domestic concern more import ini Until uny other that can c igago our attention, uud om? at present in such a perplexing and delicate predicament ns to require prompt and wise treatment. Wo may well he encouraged to earnest effort in this direction when wo recall the Btens already t iketi toward improving our e onoinio and tinunciul situati man I when we uppreciat.? how well the way has been pivpar-d f *r lurlher progress by an urotis *il and intelligent p »pular interest in these subjects By coming <<f the people a customs rev enue system designed tor the protection and lunelit of favored clas>es at the ex pense or t In? great, mass of our country men and which, while inefficient for.the purp mu of revenue, curtaije I bur tra to relations and impeded our*’ entrance to the markets of the world, has been superseded by a tariff policy which in pnnciple is based upon a denial of tiie right of the government to obstruct the avenues t.<» our people cheap living or lesson their comfort and content ment for the sake of according especial advantages to favorites and which, while encourag ing our intercourse and trad- with other nations, recognizes the fact that Am-ri- <-;in self reliance thrift and ingenuity can build up our country’s industries and de velop its resources more surely i ban on- ervaling paternalism. The c nnpulsory purchuso and coinage of silver by ttio gov- eminent, unchecked and tinregul it d by business conditions and heedless of our currency needs, which f >r more than 13 years diluted our circuiting medium undermined conlldeme abroad in our financial ability and at last culminated in ilistr ■ssjand panic at home. Isas Is-en re cently stopoed by tho repail of the laws wnich forced this reckless scheme upon tin* country. The things thus accomplished, notwith- st Hiding tii -ir extreme importance and benetlcient effect**, fall far short of curing the monetary evils from which we suffer us a result of long indulgence in ill-ad vised financial expedients The currency denominated United States notes and com monly known as greenbacks was issued in large volume during the late civil war, and was intended originally to meet tho exigencies ol that period. It will he seen by a reference to the debates in congress nt the time the laws Were passed authoriz ing the issue of thee; notes that their ail- vocutos declared they wore intended for stitutu a volume of gol I obligitions unto tilting to nearly $»<>n 0 >,o o. Those obligations are the instruments which, ever since we have had a gold reserve, have been us *d to ilepl tt? it. Tnis reserve, us has been stated, had fnlien in April 1831, to $97,911.3)3. It has from that time to the present, with very few and unimportant upward movements, steadily decreased, except as it has been temporarily replenish d by tho sale of bonds. In couspquenc'.* of these conditions tho gold reserve on the firsi day of February, 1MH, was reduced to $35,433,377, having lost more than $.31,050.00) during the pre ceding nine months, or since April, 1893. Its replenishment being ncessury and no other manner of accomplishing it being possible, resort was had to t he issue ana sale of bon Is, provided for by the resump tion act of ls7;». Fifty millions of these lx>n Is were sold yielding $58,783,295.75 which was added to the ies-rve fund of gold then on liivnd. As i riant of this op eration this reserve which hail suffered constant and large withdrawals in tlio nvantiuio, sio)il| >n th • s x h day Marcu, 1891. at me sum of of $107,4 >5,3 2. Its do plutiou w resources thdy would he more easily mot To further insure the cancellation of those notes and atm provide u way by which gold may he a tded to our currency in lieu of them, a feature in tho plan should he an authority given to tho sec retary of tho treasury io dispose of the bonds abroid for gold if necessary to coin* pleU? the contemplated red-mptioii and cancellation, permitting him to use the proceeds of such bonds to take up and can cel any of thu notes that may be in the treasury or that may b? received by the government on any account. While I have eud -avored to make a plain statement of tho disordered condi tion of our currency and thu present ihun gers menacing our prosperity, and to sug gest a way which leads to a safer linanciul system, l ltave constantly had in mind the fact that many ot my countrymen, whose sincerity J do not doubt, insist that tho cure lor the ills now threatening uo may he found in tun single and simple remedy of tho free coinage of silver. They contend that our mints shall bt? at once thrown open to tho free, unlimited and independent coinage of both gold and silver dollars of full legal tondqr quality, regardh-ss of tlie act ion of uny other gov ernment an l in mil view of the fai t that the ratio between the metals which they suggest calls lor one hundred cents worth in the gold dollar at tlio pres nt stand ird. and only fifty cents in intrinsic worth of silver in the silver dollar were there in finitely stronger reasons than can bo ad duced for hop nx tlmt such acti >n would secure for u« a bimetallic currency. Moving on lines of parity, an experiment so novel and hazardous as that proposed might well stagger those who believe that stability is an imperative condition of sound money. In conclusion, I especially entreat tlie peoples’ representatives in th * congress, who are charged with the reap m*dl> llty of inaugurating measures or the safety and prosoer.ty of our common country, to promptly and effectively consider tho ills of our critical financial plight, I have suggested a remedy which my judgment approve. I desire, however, to assure the congress that 1 am prep tred to co-operate with immcdi t**ly there- j them in per.cciing any oilier thorough and and that 1 will 11-rated tlmt on the 33th day of June lMM, it had fallen to $34,873 025, , - . . . • - i,11iis losing by withdi wwuls morn than 1 ibor with them in every patriotic en l $1.\00>,00 in live months and dropping or to further the interests ono K ,l,l { r( / eligibly 1) low its situation when the sale of $50 000,000 in bon is, was effected lor its replenishment. Tnis depressed condition grew worse, and on tlio -4th day of Novcmb *r 1891, our gold reserve being reduced to $57,009. i'll, it became necessary to again strengthen it. This Was cbmo by anot Iter sale or bonds amounting to $V) oou.o -o, from which there was r ? ili/.ed $ .8 538,5 )), with which tlie fund was increased to $111,142,021, on the it !i day of December 1H.M. agdn dis appointment awaited the anxious hope for r-IDf. B-tveen Dec. 1st 1894, and early in Feb. 1897, a period of scarcely more than two months after tho soeorid rein- f rci-mcnt of'our gold reserve by the sale of bonds it Imd lost by such withdriwals more than $9 ())••,0«> and had fallen to $11319.181. Neirly $.3.im».p0) had hern withdrawn within the month immediately preceding tins situation. in anticipation of impending trouble, 1 had on Jan. 2<, 1895, address*il a e immu ne ilim to the congress, fully setting forth our difficult ies ami d ing •raus posi tion. mid earnestlv recomm •tiding that authority he given the secretary of tho treasury to issue b mds b aring a low rate of inter st payabl • by tneir terms in gold, f *r the purp »so of maintaining a sufficient gold reserve, and alsi f >r the redemotion and cane din* ion ot outstanding United Si iti's notes and the tre isury notes Issued for the purchase of silver under the law of 1893. This recommendation did not. how ever, meet with the approval of congr-ss. In February, 1895, tuerefore, the situa tion was exceedingly critical with u [re serve perilously low anil a refusal of con gressional ni l everything ind iented that the end of gold payments by the govern ment was imminent. The results of prior bond issues had b; j en exceedingly unsatis factory. and tho largo Withdrawals of gold immediately succeeding their public sale in upon market gave ris*J to a ruutiouuble procti* gladly leav- tho Bare of our countrymen whom in our respective places of duty we have under taken to serve. Lynching uf ltallam. The deplorable lynching of several Italian laborers In Colorado was nat urally followed by international repre- snt at ions, and I am happy to say that the best efforts of tho state in which the outrages occurred have been put forth to discover mid punish the authors of this atrocious crime. The dependent families of some of tho unfortunate victims invite by their deplorable condition gracious provision for their nreds. These manifestations against helpless aliens may be triced through successive stages to the vicious Pudronia system, which, uncheekol by our immigration and contract labour statutes, controls workers from the moment of landing on shores, mid farms them out in distant a nd often rude regions, where their cheapening competition in the fields of bread-winning toil brings them into collision with other labor interests. While welcoming as we should those who seek our shores to merge themselves in our body politic ami win personal com petence by honest effort, we cannot regard such assemblages of distinctively alien laborers, hired out in tlie mass to thp profit of alien speculators and shipped ii it her and thither as the prospect of gain may dictate, ss otherwise than repugnant to tin? spirit of our civilization, deterrent to individual advadeement. and hindran ces to the building up of stable commit tees resting upon the wholesome ambi tions of the citizens ami constituting th* prime factor in the prosperity and pro gress of our nation. If legislation qan reach this growing evil, it certainly should lu attempted. [.Signed] GroYfr Cleveland.