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STANDARD & EXPRESS. CARTERBVILLE, GA.. NOV. 7nf, 1371. Agricultural Department. [From the Southern Cultivator. ACiHICULTUKAL SOCIETIES. SngKMtlom Concerning Organization and Working Os. The following wi;s written by us ft short time ngo for the Southern Watchman. Its object was to suggest the re-organization of our local Agri cultural Society upon a cheap basis, and one which at the same time, it was hoped, might render it more effi cient than such organizations usually are. As the subject is one of unusual interest, we re-produco it here. The tendency is to make Fairs the chief and most important matter upon which energy and money is to be ex pended. Oar suggestion is to make work the leading object. To have a grand Fair, money and plenty of it is needed, but it may very properly be asked, is much money needed to have a really good, useful Agricultural Society? A Fair and a Society are by no moans identical things. Indeed we may question whether Fairs as ordinarily conducted are either necessary or tributary to the success or efficiency of an Agricul cultural Society. We are disposed to think they are not, and with the per mission of our readers, will present our views on the subject. This can be best dono by asking and answering two questions, Ist, what aro the legitimate and leading objects of such a Society ? 2d, what the most effective, practical and economicel means of acccomplishing those objects ? In answer to the first question, we mention first of all increase of knowl edge ; the great desideratum with the farmer is to find out how to make larger crops, raise more stock, &c., &c., with the same expenditure of money and tabor. This is the funda mental problem which includes all others. The next most important ob ject of such a Society, is the diffusion of knowledge—that is making the facts discovered and the experience gained by each member, the common proper ty of all the members. The third and last object we will mention is, the'de velopement of a spirit of generous ri valry, of an esprit de corps, and the do ing away with the prevailing, though entirely unfounded public opinion, that the farmer’s calling is beneath that of the lawyer or doctor or preach er. The Ist question asked was, how may the above objects be practically, effectively and economically accom plished. Ist, Increase of knowledge. This can bo obtained only through ex periment or trial. Who could tell be fore trial whether any particlar fertili zer would pay on this, that or the other crop, on this, that or the other kind of land, or in what quantities it would pay best in the cases supposed? Under what conditions will subsoiling pay —not do good, but pay —who can answer, until repeated trials are made on different soils through a series of years—which is the best plow for any particular work, which the best gin or cotton press? These and hundreds of similar questions can only be an swered by trials. Now the very mul tiplicity of the deeply important mat ters that must bo cleared up by expe riment, renders it impossible for one farmer to make all the requisite expe riments. Hence the necesity for co operation, that one may try this and another that, each one directing his energy upon a different point, and thus the whole held of investigation be quickly and methodically explored. Now suppose the making of experi ments _ required an outlay of money, still if each member of a Society was called upon to make but one or two, the expense to each would be very small. In point of fact, however, an extremely large number of the experi ments which it is desirable to make, can be mode by each farmer’s va rying the methods of plowing, ma nuring, planting, time of planting, cul tivating, &c., of a small portion of his crops, say a half or whole acre of each. This could be done with little or no expense to him, and yet the aggregate results of a hundred members of a Society’, testing a hundred or more different points, would be of incalcu lable value, and the reader will please observe that all of this can be accom plished without a dollar being expend ed by the Society itself. To test implements or machines, a few of those might have to be bought; it is altogether probable, however, that manufacturers would furnish such as are necessary, either gratuitously or at greatly reduced prices, in consid eration of the advertisement that the trials would give their wares. Should such expectation, however, prove de lusive, different members could by agreement purchase different imple ments for their ordinary work on the farm, and these could be brought to- gether and tested at the meetings of the Society. Here again we think ve ry little money need bj expended by the Society. The second object mentioned, to- j wit : the diffusion of knowledge, can best bo accomplished by meetings for reports and discussions. The hisiory of Agricultural Societies shows that, I as usually managed, it is exceedingly j difficult to securo full and regular • ° i meetings. It is easy to get a crowd , at a Fair—very hard to get one at a ] simple Society meettng. Our propo sition is to combine somewhat the two—-to make every meeting an occa sion for the exhibition of such articles as might be appropriate to the season 1 at which it was held—in early spring of rye, barley, clover or other green crops, of strawberries, cherries, Ac.— Later in the season, of email grains and later fruits—in the fall, of cotton, corn, potatoes, apples, pears, At*.- of | stock at any season when it might be I convenient to the owner. But that upon which wo should rely mainly to awaken interest in the meetings and secure attendance upon them, would be an arrangement at every meeting for a test of the relative value of some one kind of implement or machine, or of skill on the part of mechanics or laborers. These announced in ad vance, would give the people some thing to talk about, would awaken curi osity and secure full attendance. The meetings should be held, say once in every two or three months— the members and their families and frieuds assembling together each bringing a luncheon, and a simple “basket dinner bo spread”—no admis sion fees be asked, no high, expensive wall to shut out curious eyes—no gate keeper, no costly amphitheatre from which to view the racing of horses— no monkey shows and baby shows.— Some simple buildings in which to spread a dinner or take refuge from suu or rain, a moderate area enclosed by the simplest and most inexpensive fence would answer every purpose. Premiums might be dispensed with, except in cases where the making of experiments involved outlays exceed ing the returns; in snch case, a plow or other implement of some use to the farmer might be awarded. Let the honor attendant upon success consti tute the reward—to most men it is worth more than cups or pitchers or plate. Exprit de Corps. —The meetings described above, would certainly awaken a feeling of brother-hood and develope a spirit of generous rivalry. Each member would be desirous of having his mite of expe rience to throw into the common treasury, or some product of his skill or knowledge to contribute to the current exhibitions. But as an adjunct and a most efficient one to the meetings of the Society, there should be sections of the Society, composed of members residing in the same neighborhood, who should in company visit each others farms successively, at intervals during the year. These inspections constitute in our opinions (based upon consid erable observation where such prac tices obtained) the most powerful stimulus which can he brought to bear upon a farmer. No one is will ing that his keen-eyed neighbors should see poor, half worked crops upon his farm—he would be ashamed of poor stock, poor mules, poor gear and poor plows—of dilapidated buildings, gates or other fixtures— of gullied hills and undrained Lot toms. Every one would be anxious to come up at least to the standard of the best farmer in his “ section.” Whilst the best, finding the others gaining on him, would be stimula ted to advance still farther ahead— and thus a rapid onward movement would be established. Soon a gen erous rivalry would become estab lished between the different “ sec tions.”—Thought would be stimula ted, energy developed and experi ments instituted. The laborers, too, would become stimulated, as well as their employers,they would be asham ed of grassy crops and of slovenly work. Praise bestowed by the visi ting gentlemen upon any who did work well, would soon be reported throu|4i the whole neighborhood and stimulate the sluggards and lug gards. These visits might also be made occasions of delightful, social inter course- A dinner or farm barbecue might succeed the inspection, and thus the ladies with their various domestic departments, the garden, the poultry yard, &c., &c., be drawn into the onward moving current. _ +> The oldest tree on record in Eu rope, is asserted to be the cypress of Somma, in Lombardy, Italy. This tree is believed to have been in exis tence at the time of Julius Caesar, forty-two years before Christ, and is, therefore, 1911 years old. It is 106 feet in height, 20 feet in circumfer ence at one foot from the ground. I Putting; in Wheat. A crop of wheat is often half as large as it should be from the faulty preparation of the ground. Manure and lime are supplied as abundant ly as may be, but the land is tilled in such a manner that the suface water is always about the roots of the wheat, and the first frost heaves out the plants. It is too commonly the case the fields are plowed from the outside to the center, leaving, as a consequence of a few years plow ing, a high bank around the fence, and a hollow in the centre of the field, with four diagonal hollows meeting there. This gives no chance for the water to get away ; it lies and saturates the surface. Now, let the field be plowed in bauds, say 14 paces or 22 feet wide ; there will be a dead furrow, causing drainage at least six inches deep at each of these i spaces, which will bring the surface water at least below the level of the wheat. Besides there will be a num ber of water-courses which will car ry off the surplus water, and by means of a connecting furrow it may be generally conducted away from the field altogether. However much it may be advantageous to under drain land, in many cases, from want of the necessary capital, it can not be undertaken. Then the best possible substitute must be found. Surface-draining by means of ridges and open furrows is the best sub stitute, and if this style of plowing is properly performed, where the subsoil is not remarkably retentive, the ground may be kept dry enough to prevent throwing out during win ter. Above all things, the fashion of plowing around fields should be abandoned when wheat is to be sown. It may answer for spring crops, but a better and neater plan of plowing, and one leaving the ground in a better condition, could be easily substituted. Generali}’, it may be concluded that the ridge and furrow system of plowing is in all cases better on undrained land than the flat system. Where the land is un derdrained a swivel plow makes handsome work, and entirely avoids the effects of plowing around the field. Tell your lady readers to mend their tin pans with putty. It is very easily done, and is much better than to throw them away. Put it on the outside; let it dry thoroughly, and they will never have to mend that place again. I have them that I have used for 20 years.— Exchange. An improvement of ten per cent, only in the corn crop from judicious selection of seed, would add a value of fifty millions of dollars to the ag ricultural income of the county. The cultivation of the olive was commenced on Cumberland Island, Georgia, in 1793, by Mrs. Greene, the widow of General Nathaniel Greene. The trees planted by her are still vigorous, and likely to live a century longer. Col. W. D. Lewis resigned the Secretaryship of the State Agricult ural Society, to take effect in Febru ary. A correspondent of the Prairie Farmer, who tasted the Scuppernong grape at the Richmond exhibition of the American Pomological Society, confesses that it is a much finer fruit than he expected to find it. A correspondent of the Depart ment of Agriculture, writing from Victoria Cos., Texas says that the prospect of the pecan crop is worth five times as much as that of the cotton crop. t # • ITEMS. “Culfee, what do you t’ink de mose useful ob de planets—de sun or de moon?” “Well, Sambo, I t’ink de moon orter take de fust rank in dat article.” “Why you t,ink so Cuffee?” “Well, l“ tell you: kase the moon shine by night, when we wane light, and de sun shines by day when we don’t!” The young lady who was caught smoking by her mother, excused her self by saying it made her smell as though there was a man about. A Richmond paper makes the re mark that “it matters not in what condition a man may be placed, pro vision is made for his assistance, * he can get to it.” Trying to do business without ad vertising is like winking at a pretty girl through a pair of green gog gles. You may know what you are doing but nobody else does. A man whose wife hanged herself in his presence, on being asked w’hy he did not prevent the tragedy, re plied : “ I cut her down three times last week, and I can’t Ic always cut ting her down.” The Rum Friend is a poem by Wm. C Burleigh, in which the rum seller sees in a vision the long pro cession of his victims, maniacs, mur derers, heart-broken widows and orphan children, pass before him. It is to those who, by patient con tinuance in well-doing, seek for deathless glory, that eternal life is promised. The man that speaks plain truth is a cleverer fellow than he is gen erally taken for. TOMMEY, STEWART & BECK. ■■aurt •W «- ■-»«- la st ■■ t WHITEHALL TREET, ATLANTA, GEORGIA. State Agents for Low’s Patent Improved SHIJVGLE SAV I\ U MACHINE, AIIDiEYAET 8 PATENT AND SELF-FEEDING Machines, Capacity of Machine* fiv • to oiMXtt Shingles per «lav, ami BURT’S LATHING MACHINE • manufactured by C. ft. k ft. BURT. ALSO, AGENTS FOR Portable SU'aiu Engines of all Size FPi INCH BURR A!s D ESOPUS MILL STONES, Bolting Cloths, etc. Sycamore Powder Company Hifle and Blasting Powde HUNK ICDTT & BELLINGRATH, dealers In oook and Hearing 8 V Q Y 1 8> . Orates and Tin Ware, y- '■ Tinners’ Trimmings, mate Mia it ties, • Wrought Iron Pipes, For Steam, Gas, an and Water. DRAIN PIPE, RUBBER IiOSE, PUMPS. STEAM FITTINGS, OIL CUPS, GLOBE VALVES, STEAM GAUGE’S AND WHISTLES, HYDRAULIC RAMS, GAS FITTINGS AND FIXTURES, SHEET IRON, GLOBE AND PATENT BURNERS, TINPLATE, LEAD, COPPER, AND BRASS, WATER CLOSETS, WASH BASINS, &C., &C. Buy Hunnicutt & Bellingrath’a Columbia Cook. A'O. 9, Marietta street. *ITLAJTTA. HUNNICUTT ¥ BELLINGRATH. No. 9, Marietta Stteet, ATLANTA, GA., | Plumbers, find Pitters, COPPER SMITHS AND SHEET IRON WORKERS. ROOFING, in all its branches, in Tin and Corrugated Iron. —fob 14-w9m PATTIULO & BAKER, DE ALE RS IN E AMELY (IR 0C E EIE S, WEST MAIN STREET, CARTERSVILLE, GA., At the 0d Stand ofR. C. & J, E, ROBERTS, part BACON—SIDES. HAMS, AND SHOULDERS. LARD-TIERCES AND CANS. FLOUR AND MEAL. VINEGAR—FRENCH WINE AND CIDAR. SALT, RICE, &C. SUGARS—“A,” “B,” “C” AND DEMARARA. MOLASSES AND SYRUP COFFEES—RIO, LAGUYRA, AND JAVA. TOBACCOS AND CIGARS. CHEESE—FACTORY CREAM AND ENGLISH DAIRY. BUTTER-GOSHEN. CANNED MEATS—COVE OYSTERS, SALMON, AND LOBSTER. SARDINES CANNED FRUITS—PEACHES, PINE APPLES, CORN. PRESERVES & JELLIES BUCKETS, TUBS, BROOMS, BASKETS, WASH BOARDS. WELL BUCKETS &C PEPPER, ALSPICE GINGER, CINNAMON, CLOVES, NUTMEG, AC TOMATOES, PICKLES, SODA, STARCH. &C. POWDER—RIFLE AND BLASTING, FUSE, <tC. Dgg’-A CHOICE VARIETY OF SEED IRISH POTATOES. The above, with niauy other articles too tedious to mention, is offered to (he it Profits FOR CASH. COUNTRY -ItOI>UCJ2 bought or Bartered V»d sold. Cah and see us and our Goods. feb. 18 wly PATTir.LO & B U£Elt Best & W, IMJN STHI&T, CAHTEBBVIU.E, Wholesale aaad Retail mrF3gentt Por Popular Patent Medicines. Family Medicines and Physicians’ Prescriptions, accurately Compounded. feb. 24-ts “THK OIVi; DRUM STORE.” R E D VP IN E & FOX, DEALERS JflN Pure Drugs, Medicines and Chemicals, Paints, Oils, and Window Glass. TI AVKOTNCREAStn OUR STORAGE CAPACITY AND ENLARGED OUR GENER AL JLSTOCK, we are to offer to the trade inducements unsurpassed bv anv house in the Southern country. Call and examine for yourselves, at Nos. 11 and 13, Corner of White* hall and Alabama Streets, ATLANTA, GA. RED WINE & FO\ Spt, 25-wlv T The People’s Drug Store. New Brag Store Just Opened INT THE EMPIRE BLOCKS No. 1 Whitehall Street. iTLANTA. GERRqi^ J. M. Hendleinau, M. lb, Wholesale and Ke t aiJ llpngglst. TluVi* o >eu;'S ,v th * above stand. and intend keeping a find-class stock of Drt.p-« cine*. C hemicals. Paints. Oils. Glass, and all article* usually k«|w i:» a Ur-t-oi - ~ more, nuil respect folly invite the attention ot Physicians, Families. Merchants and Tn.; . ' •»ur stock. 1 keep nothing but flrst-cias* goods, ami guarantee the pur in of them attention will lie paid tothe “ * anic «l«r Prescription Repart m©n t, Which will l'P tiiioeily ur.dcr me own supervision, ami having had many years' e\i , ri I guarantee satis faction. ‘ F nee. n-p Sole i i'cni for Ihc sale of the only iiilalliible reined lor Dyspepsia anil Nervous Debility tlisieovereil. mar 20,1871 -wty THERE'S NOTHING LIKE LEATHER! 0 ° The Cash System Triumphant! I. T. BANKS, THE GREAT BOOT, SHOE. AND LEATHER MAN OF ATLANTA, wuo adopud The CASH SYSTEM AND STICKS TO IT! lias arrived with au enormous stock of goods in his line, which lie is prepared to sell cheaper than any other house in the city cun or will sell the same qnnlitv ¥o® 48R, WIT! He answers because lie adopted tho CASH SYSTEM; Buying exclusively for Cash and sellinglg only for Cash on delivery, consequently ittak' NO 15 A D DEIS T S To be made up in extra profits out of his customers. He saves from sto 10 per cent , - ell goods he buys in the regular way, and 15 to 20 on JOB LOTS, and gives his customer* the benefit, of it. Give him a call and satisfy yourselves. och2:i-wtf RUBLE & HIGHT, AGENTS FOR RUSSELL & COS CEI.EBR.iTKD DOUBLE FAS, PIVOTT CYLINDER THREE HITGH SEAR THRESHER, *A.nd Separator, and also, Improved Sol f-ltaking' Reapers and Mowers. |osf Heteuati A NED SUPPLY OF ddtbrat’ii Jfarm : - fflaps, IMPROVED SINGLE AND DOUBLE STAR CORN SHELLERS. Improved Peacock Plows, Cast-Steel Excelsior Plows., Silver Steel Clipper Plows -All sizes. THE EUREKA SMUT AND SEPARATING MACHINE, GALE’S COPPER-STRIPPED FEED CUTTER, ■AY-miBSIS, Maimey’s Beq ad*€ast Sec tier and Cultivator, And General Stock of Well Assorted AGEIUOTUEAL IMPLEMENTS, always on Hand, i FARMERS CAN OBTAIY FROM US DUPLICATES OF ANI parts of machinery which may BREAK OR WEAR OFT. We keep nothing which cannot he warranted No. 1 of its kind. I 1 inding by long experience in this trade, that it is much more I profitable to keep none but good, substantial and reliable Imple ; meiits Soliciting your orders, we are, Respectfully, RUBLE & HICfHT, AgrcuKural Dcpol,Cor. Market and Eight Streets, Chattanooga, Tennessee. JanlTth 1871—ts. J- If - AnJwawn. G. W. U'cls. Yo, 20 Alabama Street, Atlanta, Georgia, Opposite the Passenger Repot. DEALERS IN AGRICIIUTURAE IMPLEMENTS, STFiEL HAY-RAKES, COTTON GINS, COTTON SCRAPERS, COTTON PRESSES, POST HOLE RIGGERS, MORSE POWERS, STUMP PULLERS, COTTON SWEEPS CIDER MILLS AC., «&C., «&U- Machinery Os All Kinds. AGENTS for 11. & F. BLAXDY, Manufacturers of Portable and Stationerv Engine*, Saw Milk. Corn and Wheat Mills, Bone Mills, Machines. &e. Also, Agents for Schofield’s Cotton Presses anil Horse Powers. Agents for Wayne Agricultural Works, Reapers, Mowers, Stock Scales, &c. . .. Agents for Bremon’s Threshers, both Separators and Overshots, ranging from one to six no!- power, and Wheat Fans. We will also sell Pitts’ Machine, Aultman & Taylor eight and ten horse power Separators. Having negotiated special contracts with the bpst Manufacturing Establishments in the coun try, we are enabled to offer all Goods at Manufacturers’ Prices, with Freight added. Farmers and Dealers are requested to call and see us before purchasing, and send tor pitiCE LIST. ANDERSON & WEILS. mas 25—sivtf Opposite Passenger Depot, A TLANTA, 0A-