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Ttie News and Courant.
U B FBEEIAX.)
- Editor* und PiMlikrn.
H. A. CHAPMAN,>
A M WIU.IXiHAM. ( nrrmpondinK Editor.
SUBSCRIPTION RATES.
One Year . *1 00
Six Months r si
Three Months iis
THURSDAY. JUNE J 9, 1902.
The day of the “sweet girl grad
uate” is again at baud.
The State Educational Associa
tion will meet at Tybee today and
tomorrow.
The republican feint at fighting
the trusts, is as far as it goes, very
much like satan rebuking sin.
When at a glance you see those
black figures, ‘‘s2o,” standing out
clear and bold in the advertise
ment you don’t know till you look
closer whether they represent the
price of a swell suit of clothes or
a Panama hat.
The president has seemingly
started out to be a political jaw
smith of the ultra type. Ins’t it a
trifle compromising to executive
dignity to be pulling it around in
the uproarious confines of the po
litical canvas ?
The crowning of King Edward
takes place June 26th. The coro
nation ceremonies will be followed
by a great naval display off Spit
head. Of course the whole event will
be the biggest thing that has oc
curred in some time.
* Those who might design going
to Buriat for wives because they
hold m their own right large flocks
of sheep and other stock posses
sionss might do well to bear in
mind that those same women are
content with no headgear that
costs less than SIOO.
According to the New Orleans
Tinies-Detnocrat, the growth of
the cotton manufacturing indus
try of the south is eloquently
presented in the single fact that up
to May 30, this year, southern
mills took 1,423,579 bales, or 42
per cent, of the entire quantity ta
ken for consumption in the mills
of the United States. In a few
years, at the present rate of south
ern progress, southern mills will
be consuming yearly more bales
than northern mills. It will then
remain for the south to get in
creased profit from cotton manu
facturing by making the finer
qualities of goods. This will come
in time. A beginning has * been
made already.”
THAT VACANCY.
Judge Hal Lewis has resigned
his place as judge of the supreme
court, the resignation to go into
effect October Ist. This leaves a
vacancy to be filled at the next
election. The resignation coming
just before the primary, leaves the
matter in an awkward shape.
Some contend that the state con
vention will have the right to nom
inate a candidate for the success
ion. while others contend that
this method is irregular, unfair
and wrong—that the people should
be heard in the matter, and that
anothei primary should be held
for the purpose of selecting the
candith te #
\Y believe that the latter con
tention is right and that whoever
the cam.h. nte maybe ought to be
in precist iv the attitude of the oth
ers and lli.it the people have a
right to .nd should say who they
want f lie place. This is one of
those deli ate problems that now
and t o c onfront the party and
should be settled aright.
Inasmut a, however, as another
primary will entail a great deal of
expense and trouble the candidates
forth place might be allowed a
free to; all race, leaving the mat
ter eutuc-.y open for limitless en
tries
Onh „■
to ms
well. i tii \
J'GG' .. -N
- 5/i cha , .
thi.mo r-y
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1, ;t.
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• v 4u
Catarrh
Is a constitutional disease.
It originates in a scrofulous condition of
the blood and depends on that condition.
It often causes headache and dizziness,
impairs the taste, smell and hearing, af
fects the vocal organs, disturbs the stomach.
It is always radically and permanently
cured by the blood-purifying, alterative
and tonic action of
Hood’s Sarsaparilla
This great medicine has wrought the most
wonderful cures of all diseases depending
on scrofula or the scrofulous habit.
Hood's Pii.ls are tlie belt cathartic.
BONUS OH NO BONDS.
This all important question
comes up again before the people
of Bartow county for consideration
and action upon.
That the question was with
drawn and not submitted sooner
as intended is fortunate, since the
people have had more time to con
sider the matter and the commis
sioners, in their wisdom have a
much more desirable plan than at
first decided upon.
The division of the principal
into equal amounts for 'each year
makes the burden the lightest that
could be entailed by any possible
plan.
The sinking fund feature, here
tofore such a bogy to every voter,
is eliminated, and the scale of pay
ments, embodying the principal
and interest, is a descending in
stead of an ascending one.
The main question, whether it
is better to pay for the court house
by-means of bonds or by direct tax
ation, we shall treat as a strict bus
iness proposition and in doing so
we are frank to say we do not see
how any citizen can regard unfa
vorably the bond idea and fail to
give that method the preference.
The interest, it is tiue, amounts to
a considerable sum, and this, it
might be contended, might be
avoided by meeting the required
payments with the cash, but the
other advantages of the bond plan
as weighed against the other dis
advantages of the cash plan, turn
the balance well in the direction
of the former plan. If the ex
pense were met with cash, the ne
cessary immediate tax would be
so heavy as to be a burden so gall
ing as to be but illy endured by
the best circumstanced of our citi
zens and those already financially
strained could with extremist dif
ficulty meet their parts. There is
no known mode of obtaining the
money even on a short loan and
the whole debt would have to be
met in a lump. The obligation
rises up before the tax payer giv
ing it a seriou ; view as a veritable
mountain. Even if a loan could
be secured so as to and vide the
amount into more than one pay
ment, thus admitting of several
year’s levies instead of one, there
would then be an interest to be paid,
while not as much as on the bond
payments, at the same time suffi
cient to mention.
By the bond method, posterity,
which gets a share of the benefits,
bears its share of the expense.
It will take a two-thirds vote of
the registration to authorize the
issuance of bonds and apathy will
count largely in the adverse side
of the question in tt\e election,
livery citizen should resolve to
vote for bonds, and constitute him
self an agent to get his neighbor
and all others who may be uncon
cerned or opposed to bonds to vote
with him. What is best for the
general public is best for the in
dividual.
THE NOMINEES.
Iti the primary last week nearly
all the old officers of the county
who ran were defeated for a re
nomination. This was not because
of any official demerits, so far as
we know, of any of them, as they
were all considered good, correct
and efficient men in their respec
tive positions, but it was one of
those turns of politics which, while
there may be no specific reason for,
will come about.
However, the new set of men
who have been named and will be
elected in October are solid, true
| men, who will make good officials.
Tbe former representatives who did
their duty well did not offer again.
Tho e nominated are able men
who will be watchful of every in
terest of the people and will be
influential and useful. Judge
John W. Akin is ranked among
me most brilliant men in Georgia,
and his career as a legislator will
be watched with interest through
out the state. Capt. Conner, his
colleague, is a well educated level
headed man, a farmer prominent
in his calling, is possessed of a
| splendid knowledge of public mat
ters and will prove one of the best
1 members from his part of the state,
j Mr. H. R. Maxwell has filled
the sheriff’s office before and is
well acquainted with all his duties.
His deputies, Messrs. Tinsley and
Williams, have also served cred
itably as deputies.
W. C. Walton, the nominee for
clerk, is a splendid young man,
who has by grit and correct habits
has won the confidence and esteem
of the people of the county. He
took the modest step in politics
some years ago of offering for cor
oner and won out, but his friends
were just as confident of his suc
cess in this race as that. Capt. Bob
Anderson, whose fitness is so well
known, will be Mr. Walton’s dep
uty.
Mr. Henry Milner ran a splen
did race for the nomination for
treasurer. Everybody who knows
him knows he will make a safe,
competent official.
Mr. Bennett,when elected again,
will be the same good receiver he
was during former terms, and
Joseph Shaw will be a fine collec
tor, say those who know him.
The nominees for commissioners
are a clioice lot of men and the af
fairs of the county will be well
steered by them.
James Harrison had no opposi
tion and received a fine cotnpii
mentary vote for coroner and is
worthy the place.
It is hoped no independents will
run, but should any try it they are
likely to repent their folly.
The following prize story of
British marksmanship is attribu
ted by the New York Times to a
small boy, probably a Boer: “One
day the British tied ten billy goats
to tiy effects of some new shells',
so he fired about twenty shots at
them, and then went up to see
how many were left and he found
there were eleven —one had been
born.”
Cuba’s secretary of finance calls
on Cuba to live within her income.
This would’be good advice for any
count-y.
K. of P. Meeting Notice
*
A regular con
tendon of Car
tersville Lodge
No. 42, Knights
of Pythias, will
be held in the
Castle Hall Fri
day, June 20th,
1902, at 7:30 p.
m., sharp. Work in 3d Rank.
C. M. Milam, C. C.
w. H. wikle, K. R.
EAST AND WEST RAILROAD.
New Board of Directors and Offi
cers Elected In New York.
New York, June 17. —The fol
lowing have been elected directors
of the East & West Railroad of
Alabama:
John Skelton Williams, Rich
mond, Va.; J. M. Barr, Portsmouth,
Va.: J. William Middendorf, Balti
more, Md.; F. R. Pemberton, Wal
ter T. Rosen, Eugene Kelly and
George J. Gillespie, New York.
These officers were elected: John
Skelton Williams, president; James
M. Barr, vice-president; D. C.
Porteous, assistant secretary and
J. H. Sharp, treasurer.
Thousands Hare Kidney Trouble
and Don’t Know it.
How To Find Out.
Fill a bottle or common glass with your
water and let it stand twenty-four hours; w
. . j sediment or sef-
JL/JGJ CJA- J tling indicates
un healthy condi
myi ■V f tion of the kid-
IM I \ V neys! if it stains
'ft your linen il is
£L^TF? evidence of kid-
Ju\\ R ne Y trouble; too
TIVWy frequent desire to
.-*' * Pss it or pain in
‘ ” the back is also
convincing proof that the kidneys and blad
der are out of order.
What to Do.
There is comfort in the knowledge so
often expressed, that Dr. Kilmer's Swamp-
Root, the great kidney remedy fulfills every
wish in curing rheumatism, pain in the
back, kidneys, liver, bladder and every part
of the urinary passage. It corrects inability
to hold water and scalding pain in passing
It, or bad effects following use of liquor,
wine or beer, and overcomes that unpleasant
necessity of being compelled to go often
during the day, and to get up many times
during the night. The mild and the extra
ordinary effect of Swamp-Root is soon
realized. It stands the highest for its won
derful cures of the most distressing cases.
If you need a medicine you should have the
best. Sold by druggists in 50c. andsl. sizes.
You may have a sample bottle of this
wonderful discovery fC'K’*'
and a book that tells
more about it. both sentHSqlplHKlHilijwjm
absolutely free by mail,
address Dr. Kilmer & Home of Swamp-Root.
Cos., Binghamton, N. Y. When writing men
tion reading this generous offer in this paper.
The Human Lottery
"AH, if only I were beautiful
How Happy life would he.**
Many a forlorn maid has said this as she
looked into the mirror. It is the one pos
session in the lottery of. human life which
woman would not refuse.
BRADFIELD’iS
Female Regulator
for young girls on the threshold of woman
hood is invaluable. When they become
pale and languid, the eyes dull, aching
head, feet and hands cold, appetite gone
or abnormal, obstructed periods and pain
ful menses, and their systems generally
run down, they need a tonic, building uj
and their blood cleansed.
Bradfield’s Female Regulator for womef
is particularly valuable and useful owing
to its tonic properties and as a regulatoi
of the menstrual flows. Painful, obstruct
ed and suppressed menstruation is perma
nently relieved and all diseases peculiai
to her genital organs are cured by it.
Regulator clears the complexion, bright
ens the eye, sharpens the appetite, re
moves muddy and blotched conditions of
the skin and cures sick headache at once.
Of druggists at SI.OO per bottle. F
"Perfect Health for Women” can
be had free by sending us your address.
THE BRADFIELD REGULATOR CO., ATLANTA, GA,
TOOK HIM AT HIS WORD.
Why One Clergyman Cut Short a Ser
mon In College.
Presbyterian 'elders may 1 sit se
verely in judgment on the theology
ot young preachers, but for ruthless
criticism of preaching it is hard to
equal a college audience. Manu
scripts in the pulpit are considered
undesirable by them, and any ser
mon the length of which is more
than twenty minutes must be more
than passings good to gain approval.
Most unpardonable of all is an at
tempt to “play to” the audience by
a reference to athletics. This is felt
to be an obvious departure from the
preacher’s province and is not to be
tolerated. The boy's keep a memo
randum of the number of football
sermons preached each fall by min
isters of good intentions.
Occasionally the young men gath
ered against their will for worship
are rather cruel in calling*down a
clergyman who has sinned against
the college code. Yale registered
its disapproval of a prominent New
York minister in an emphatic man
ner. The preacher had begun short
ly before 11 o’clock. The college
hell chimed the quarter and the half
hour following, and all precedent
proclaimed that he should have
done. Thirty-five minutes of expo
sition had been forced on the stu
dents when the minister proposed,
“Now let us turn to the other side.”
This was too much for the boys,
who, 1,300 strong, took him qt his
word and shifted legs andgeiterally
changed position. The mass plav
was perfect and the noise very great.
The widespread shuffling refused to
die down till the clergyman decided
to leave the subject one sided and
proceed with the final hymn.—New.
York Tribune.
Knew What He Meant.
The members of the Amish, a pe
culiar religious sect, mostly agri
culturists, are very numerous in
Lancaster count}', Pa. They have
been credited with small sense of
humor, but this anecdote of a' polit
ical campaign will prove to the con
trary:
An orator sought to impress a
gathering near Paradise, in that
county, with his logic, bringing
himself down to the level of his lis
teners by a claim of rural birth.
“Why, I was raised between two
hills of corn,” he declared, “and
God’s sunshine has ever shone upon
me.”
For a moment there was a pause,
and the politician, fancying he had
made an impression, was about to
continue hie harangue, when a big
Amishman in the rear of the hall
interrupted, “A pumpkin—l know
what he mean.” —New York Trib
une.
Before the Time of Stoves.
Our modern cooks complain of
getting heated over a cooking stove
or range, but what would they say
if they were obliged to watch and
swing a crane back and forth over a
rousing and roaring hickory or oak
fire in a fireplace from four to eight
feet across while in the ashes below,
with glowing coals heaped up there
on, potatoes were being roasted,
bread in a covered skillet was being
baked or a piece of meat was being
broiled on the verv coals without
the intervention of any gridiron or
spider? If it be true that “one half
the world does not know how the
other half lives,” it is a still more
striking truth that the people of to
day do not know bow their grand
nts live' l
PLANT FOOD ELEMENTS
Nitrogen and the Way In
Which It Is Absorbed.
STATE CHEMIST’S LETTER NO. 4
Actual Quantities of Plant Food In
Soils —What Determines the Crop
Producing Power of the Soil, Etc.
Interesting and Instructive Treatise,
Naturally the nitrogen we find in the
plant by analysis next claims our at
tention. As 1 told you in my last let
ter that there are nearly eighty gal
lons of nitrogen in one hundred gal
lons of air, you would quite naturally
exclaim that there would be no need
to bother about providing nitrogen for
the crops, as they ought to be able to
obtain all they want from the enor
mous oceans of it floating all around
and about them. Yes, one would natur
ally suppose so, but alas, it is not true;
the plant is helpless to feed on the ni
trogen around it in the air, no mat
ter how thirtsy it may be for it. It is
like the shipwrecked sailor in the open
boat at sea, though parched and dying
with thirst, yet he can not slake his
thirst, though there be nothing but
water, water, all about him.
It seems as though there were a cer
tain malice in Nature in so constitut
ing plants that they cannot take the
nitrogen out of the air directly, yet
perhaps it is a good thing they cannot,
because if they could, life would be sw
easy that we probhbly would not exert
ourslves as much as we should. Ni
trogen being the most expensive ele
ment of plant food, if it were provided
free of cost like the carbon, hydrogen
and oxygen, we could grow such enor
mous crops at such small cost, that the
cost of living would be so reduced, that
a man would not have the same urgent
stimulus Oehmd him to work and to
labor that he now has.
The Form in Which Plants Absorb
Nitrogen.
But to return to our subject, the
plant requires nitrogen, but it cannot
take it through its leaves; it has to
take it up through its roots, and in or
der for the roots to take it up, the ni
trogent must be combined with nitrate.
It must be in the form of nitrate of soda,
or nitrate of lime, or nitrate of mag
nesia, or nitrate of potash, or some
other form of nitrate before the plant
can utilize it. If we put any organ
ic matter containing nitrogen into the
soil, either vegetable or animal, as cot
ton seed meal, blood, meat, or even
if we plow under green crops, they will
begin to decay and putrify in the soil,
until the nitrogen which they con
tain in the form of protein (about
which I wrote you so much last year)
is changed into a number of other
forms, being finally converted into a
nitrate ofter the decay of the ooriginal
sustance has been fully completed.
Asa nitrate it is in a condition
where it dissolves easily in water, and
Is then absorbed by the root hairs
and drawn up into the circulation of
the plant. Now the vast majority of
plants have to obtain their nitrogen
in the roundabout manner just describ
ed, but there are few favored plants
which are able to obtain their nitrogen
out of the air through the instrumen
tality of certain minute organisms or
microbes in the soil. We will have
more to say of this later on. When the
organic matters I have described
above, animal or vegetable, as cotton
seed meal, blood meat, manure o;
turned under green crops decay in the
soil, the carbon and hydrogen which
are contained in them are not ab
sorbed like the nitrogen through the
roots into the plant, the plant does
not get its supply of carbon and hy
drogen in that way. They simply re
main in the soil to form what is known
as the humus of the soil, or the de
cayed organic matter of the soil, which
improves its mechanical., condition.
gives it a dark or black color, and
serves as an excellent retainer of
moisture and heat in the soil. Refer
ring now to the analysis of a rich soil,
which I gave you in my last letter, v
find that besides the organic sub*
stance about which we have just been
talking, there are also the inorganic
or mineral substances, such as we
found in the ashes of the plant we first
analyzed.
The Various Elements Found in the
Soil.
The most abundant substance of all
these mineral or ash elements in the
soil we find to be silica, or as you are
quainted with fit, sand. You will re
member there was in this particular
rich soil 71.55 pounds of silica out of
every 100 pounds, and yet the wheat
plant grown on this soil only contained
two and three-quarters pounds of sili
ca out of every 100 pounds, and even
this was not absolutely essential to
the health and growth of the plant.
Although we find alumina in the soil,
we find none in the plant. Alumnia
is one of the principal elements of a
tflay soil. Iron, magnesia and sulphur
ic acid found in the soil are likewise
found in the ash of the plant. Only
‘small quantities of these however are
required by the plant and they are al
ways abundant in soils. Soda is like
wise found in both soil and plant, but
is not essential to the plant. Phosphor
ic acid, potash and lime are found in
only small quantities in most soils,
but exist in considerable quantity in
the ash of the plants, and each one
of them is absolutely necessary to
the life, growth and development of
the plant. For this reason, the other
elements being usually abundant, a
soil is said to be rich or poor accord
ing to its contents of potash, phosphor
lc acid, lime and nitrogen.
Potash and phosphoric acid are
usually contained in soils in small
quantity, -varying from about one-tenth,
of a pound in a hundred pounds of
the soil to one pound in one hundred
pounds. Although that amount looks,
small; let us figure it by the acre.
Weight of the Soil Per Acre.
An avereage soil, when dry, ir taken
to the depth of nine inches, will
weigh three to three and one-half mil
lion pounds to the pc re. Therefore a
soil containing one-tenth of one per
cent of phosphoric acid, would really
contain three thousand to thirty-five
hundred pounds of phosphoric acid per
acre, or as much as could be obtained
by the applicaWon of ten to twelve tons
of high-grade acid phosphate per acre.
You would at once then say that a soil
containing one-tenth per cent of pot
ash or phosphoric acid ought to be a.
rich soil and should not require any
fertilizers, but there you would be
wrong, because it matters not so much
what is the total amount of potash.
r phosphoric acid in an acre of soil
as it does t§ know in what condition
that phosphoric acid or potash exists.
Availability of the Plant-Food in the.
Soil.
The question arises, is it soluble, '
is it available? It is in such condition
that the soil water can take it up and
convey it to the roots and root hairs
of the plant, ready for absorption by
them into the plant-circulation? That
is why we find it necessary to put
acid phosphate and kainit and other
fertilizers on lands which are being,
constantly cropped; it is because the;
constant cropping has exhausted or
drawn out of the soil the soluble phos
phoric acid and potash, available to
the plant, and we must either put on
a fertilizer containing them in a solu
ble form, or we must let the soil rest
a while, that is “lie fallow,” in order
that a fresh supply of plant food may
be made available by the slow action
of the soil water, the action of car
bonic acid, and the other organic acids
resulting from the decay of vegetable
and animal matters in the soil. If
you cannot afford to either put on fer
tilizer or to let your land “lie fallowy.'
then your next resource is to rotate
your crop; that is, to plant on the soil
which has begun to fail you some
other erop of a different nature, which
may not require so much of a certain
element of plant food as the previous
crop did. For instance, follow .cotton
with peas or clover.
What Determines the Crop-Produeir.g
Power of the Soil.
In considering the capacity of a soil
to produce crops we must remem
ber one thing, and that is that the &•
sential element which exists in the
smallest amount settles the qustion of
th crop-producing powr of a soil. That
is to say, if a soil is vry rich in avail
able phosphoric acid, nitrogen, lime,
magnesia, and the other essential ash
elements, and yet be poor in available
potash, that soil cannot produce heavy
crops without the application of an
available potash fertilizer. If that soil
has only available potash enough in
It to produce ten bushels of corn per
acre, or two hundred pounds of seed
cotton per acre, then all you are going
to get out of that soil is ten bushels
of corn, or two hundred pounds of
seed cotton, no matter whether there
was available phosphoric acid and ni
trogen and lime, etc., in the .soil
enough to produce forty bushels of
corn or fifteen hundred pounds of seed
cotton. This brings us to the question
of soil analysis, which we will treat in.
our next letter.
JOHN M. McCANDLESS.
Grass Under Trees.
It is often very difficult to get
grass to grow under the shade of
trees, and yet in places where some
thing-green to cover the ground is
very desirable a number of plants
have been named as being adapted
for furnishing these green surfaces.
The common periwinkle is one of
the best known. Another excellent
thing is some of the species of hy
periuin. Two European species, H.
calycinum and 11. androsmeefolium,
thrive particularly in these compar
atively dry and shady places. An
other very fine thing is the Japanese
honeysuckle. It keeps very low and
perhaps is a better substitute for
grass than many of the others nam
ed. There are two forms which can
be employed for this purpose, one
frequently known in catalogues as
halliana and the other form as the
Lonicera brachybotria. This is more
generally known as the Japanese ev
ergreen honeysuckle, although the
varieties at;e all more or less ever
green. This particular one is moi
fond of trailing than the others.--
Meehan’s Monthly.
Where Sponges Come From.
Sponges are found in all part of
the world. Three hundred
species are known to natures ts,
some of which are found evA on
our own coasts. The numbr of
these which have a commerce va l*
ue is, however, limited. The songes
of Syria and the archipelago*re the
best and are used for the tclet and
for delicate operations in rt and
industry. The species in the
Bahama islands are of verjbaferior
quality, but their modeAe price
has led to their extensiv<*se. The
Tunis sponge, which islxtremely
durable, is aiso very usefb as it is
adapted for very roug purposes.
These practically com}sc the use
ful sponges, though ifilable spe
cies are also found on^ e coasts of
Africa. * / \