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About The news. (Cartersville, Ga.) 1901-1901 | View Entire Issue (April 26, 1901)
Afflß&GfßL v HINTS ° Wrm \VUt for Got**. ff a cow gives 16 quails of milk per day she must consequently consume at least an equal quantity of water. If the water is ley cold she ••’ill not drink because she thereby becomes chilled. She will fall off in her yield r milk because she rmir-t produce !l unless she drinks a quantity suffi cient for th ■ milk and the demands ef her body. She voids u aially a large quantity of water. Tlo •”&( r fo • .ii * c >„s must therefore be v armed if the Oow of milk is to continue. (•riftin Wtieviln. Ii is paid that the grain wbevil has a natural dislike to salt, ami that wheat or other grain stored In salt sacks was not touched by them, while that in other sacks in the same pile was badly lnft sted and virtually ruined by weevils. If this is true it would be a simple matter to dip all grain sacks in brine and dry them be fore using, or perhaps to surround the grain bins with salted sacks. It is ari experiment worthy of trial in the grain-growing regions. It is cheaper ami as easily triml as the bisulphide of carbon treatment, and we think could not injure the grain for seed or any other purposes. The grain does nod absorb the salt, but it stands as a fence around it to repel toe weevil. An H Mb Sepnmtord. Whether it is desirable or not to buy a separator depends noon circum stances. Do not trust all stories of the enormous increase of yield of Imtter because of the separator. To be sure the separator removes practi cally all the, butter fat, but more than that it will not do. The ultimate pro fits will depend upon what the indi vidual dairyman will or will not do. Foe instance, I do not think it advis able to mix fresh warm cream witli ttiat previously separated, or wa-m or diluted cold cream with fresh milk. These additions always contain more or less animal odor or are otherwise tainted. They should be ao-ated and cooled before mixing. Neglect of any one of the many necessary precau tions will result in more loss than can bo made up by the use of a separator. -1/ W. Zahrn. in Orange Judd (farmer. Cow Pea* in NorthH*n State*. If the cow pea lias any place in the farming of the northern states it is ■rot as a forage crop, either as hay or ensilage. Some have succeeded in making fair ensilage by mixing a little with corn, one-fourth part or less, but Others have failed. When the pea vines are fit to cut it is not good hay auakiug weather, and they need a great deal of curing. A small patch for the hogs to feed upon, or for the bens to pick the peas from, mav do very well, but the use for them is on •otne of the outlying lots of poor soil, so far away that It will not nay to draw manure from the barnyard to them. Sow the cow peas there, as they will grow where clover will not. Vid on some acid phosphate aiul pot ash to give them a start, and plow th< ;m under in the fall. Then sow rye as a winter cover crop to prevent the nitrogen from being lost in winter. Plow that under in the spring and add more phosphate and potash, and the |icas and rye will have furnished or ganic matter and nitrogen enough to grow almost any crop that may be •wanted there. This requires some labor, but tt Is cheaper than paying 20 ©eats a pound for nitrogen in chemi cals or the commercial fertilisers. Mock* aut! >etJl mar*. In planning an orchard of any kind ©f fruit trees the relative value of •tucks and seedlings will often occur t > the orchardist. Not every one who goes into commercial fruit growing realizes the importance of understand fog when to raise seedlings and when t(* depend upou grafted fruits. Graft fag Is more rampant todav than ever before, and it looks as if all our fruit fn fhe next generation will be from grafted stock. This of course is due to the success of some of our best •rafts, which will produce their best fruits only when successfully grown on good, thrifty seedling stocks. We have practically turned the matter of nising seedlings over to the nursery •n°-n. and then we set our voung or chards with these stocks and graft the improved varieties on them. Personally T -onld advocate the •rowing of good seedling stocks on the farm more generally than is the ease today, and not trust everything tt* the nurseryman. 1 do not say that the latter is giviug ns anything less than what he agrees to, and there are ■Quay times when w e must depend upon him to supply us with our needs. But the fruit grower who does not have his own young nursery cf seed tag stocks must fail to reach the all •round results which en experienced •rower obtains. We must know something of the trees from their first ©tart In life up to the time we cut them down for kindling w o od. This eati come only by planting a few seeds ©very year in a small nursery where the stocks of future trees can be tend ©l and watched. Seedling stork should possess above •II other things strength and rigor. Th*' stock that is "ak j n any way can hardly he desirable for grafting purposes. The reason we select th<‘ seedlings fo- stock !i because of their superior hardi •oas and rapidity of growth. The tear* is supposed to lie of a weaker aid. and it gain.:, strength and vigor from the sap of the stock. If this latter is not in perfect condition wa must expect to see the fruit interior in quality or amount. We cannot always get the best j seedling wtock when brought from a long distance. The change of soil and | climate affects it badly oftentimes and puts it back for several years. Wecannot afford to make the graft until it has become accustomed to the new soil and surroundings and has recovered some of its thriftiness. This delay is not only aggravating, lint very often very unprofitable. Good seedling stock taken from the home nursery seldom causes such a serious setback, and if one tree does it should be quickly replaced by another. But 1 even if we depend upon the nursery man for our stocks, it is alwavs well : to supplement them with a few raised . in the home orchard. Then when one I or more of the purchased stocks fail supplant it immediately by one from the home nursery. In this way we can avoid these v ide gaos in orchards , which are the result, of the failure of some of the original trees. —C. S. i Walters, in American Cultivator. Fruit 1!• in the 8 urine. Now that it is nearly time for the fruit trees to blossom it would be well | for farmers who desire large crops of fruit to consider the matter of the pol- I lona!ion of the blossoms, which is so : necessary in securing perfect fruit, j The various experiment stations have j been at work in the direction of pol i lenation for several years, and the j Cornell station has performed excel lent service in calling attention to the facts which have not been well under stood by fruit growers. It may not be known that scarcely one fruit blos som in 10 sets fruit, even in the most favoralde seasons and with the most productive varieties, and trees mak ing very vigorous growth may drop their blossoms, while brown rot or apple or pear scab and pear blight may also destroy them. As all farm mers understand, however, frost will Injure blossoms, and even flowers that are apparently uninjured may be so weakened as to be unable to set fruit. Rain during the blooming season par tially prevents the setting of fruit, chiefly by destroying the vitality of ihe pollen, injuring the stigma, or by preventing fertilization because of the low temperature. The washing of pollen from the anthers, however, sel dom causes serious loss. The position of an orchard, the soil, the protection in the form of windbrakes. the sudden appearance of severe cold, or a warm spell of weather in February or March all affect the fruit to a certain extent. The trees that have the greatest number of blossoms do not always produce the most fruit, as lo cal conditions may not be as favor able as for some other trees in the same orchard. The main cause of the unsatisfac tory fruiting of orchards over the whole country is self-sterility. Any tree is self-sterile if it cannot set fruit unless planted near other varie ties. The cause nf splf-sterility is the Inability of the pollea of a variety to fertilize the oistils of that variety. Poor stamens and pistils are also causes. An indication of self-sterility is the continued dropping of fruit from isolated trees or solid blocks of trees of one variety. Self-sterility is not a constant characteristic with any variety, as the same variety may be self fertile in one place and nearly self sterile in seme other. Well-fed trees are less likely to be sterile with their own pollen than trees that are poorly nourished. When sitting out new orchards the trees should he of mixed varieties and not a solid block of any one kind, and where orchards are already established and the trees are unfruitful it will probably be found profitable to put a few grafts of another variety in each tree. In the matter of preventing loss of fruit by spraying it. has been found by experi menting with apple trees that the number of blossoms saved is quite large compared with trees that re ceived no treatment, in many cases the crop being doubled. It is safe to claim, however, that the majority of growers allow their trees to overbear and carry too large a crop to matur ity. instead of thinning out the fruit at an early stage. First save the blossoms by spraying to destroy in sects and parasites and reduce the fruit on the trees later. Some kinds of fruit do not require ! mixing with other varieties, while others perfer to be with varieties best adapted for the purpose. European and Oriental pears can fertilize each other, and many varieties of the do mestic, Japanese and native plums are likewise inter-fertile, provided they bloom at the same time. The pollen of some varieties will give larger fruit than that of others when it falls on or is applied to the pistils of either self-sterile or self-fertile varieties. Among our common orchard fruits cross-pollenatiou seldom has an imme diate influence on the size of the fruit itself, but cross-pollenatiou probably gives better results than self-pollena tion with nearly all varieties. It Is ad- I visable and practicable to plant all va | rieties of orchard fruits, be they self ■ sterile or self-fertile, with reference , to oross-pollenation. Insects are prob -1 ably more important than wind for ! carrying pollen from tree to tree, i hence growers who have but one va j riety in a solid block have been bene fited by the varieties growing in some neighboring orchard, which may even be some distance away. but this should not be relied upon, as the safest plan is to have at least two varieties of all kinds of fruit, the two varieties to j come in blossom at the same time in order that the one may provide poiien j for the other. —Philadelphia Record. There are no trial trips on the sea of matrimony. THE WEEKLY NEWS, CARTERSVILLE. GA. SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. In Florida a trial i3 being made of growing tomatoes under glass. The piaut does well, but the fruit isn't as good as when grown out doors, nei ther is it a: plentiful. The experi ments will be continued. Twenty percent of {.he total num b r of deaths reported in No-wav are now caused by tuberculosis, which is an increase so alarming that the gov ernment is now taking active meas urer; to fight the disease. All systems of electric lighting now in commercial use are exceedingly wasteful, since much of the developed energy produces heat rather than light. A form of electric light that promises much is the vacuum tube, which is caused to glow by induced ciiri < nts of high frequent jj, or by act ual conduction of a low tension cur rent through rarefied vapors. These lights give a beautiful, soft glow, fill ing the whole tube. Experiments are being made on the Wannsee railroad between Berlin and Zehlendorf, Germany, to .determine the precise value of electric propul sion as a substitute for steam. The train used consists of eight ordinary cars and is provided with an electric motor-car at each end. the advantage of this arrangement being that the reversing of the train at the terminals of the journey becomes unnecessary. Thus far the electric power has proved to tie about IS percent cheaper than steam-power. The long droughts so common in Southern Russia are said to be due chiefly to the absence of woods, and the government has fo- some years been considering the advisability of afforesting the treeless plains. Crown land3 are being systematically wood ed, and seedlings and saplings have been given out at low rates to land owners, hut little has yet been done. Irrigation has, however, been success fully carried out in riverless regions. The plan which is adopted is to con struct dams across valleys and gullies, forming reservoirs in which rain and melted snow is collected and stored. When astronomers are-making hero ic attempts by planting observatories on lofty mountains and on desert plateaus to overcome the effects of dense, impure and unsteady air in ob scuring telescopic vision, it strikes j one as odd that the interoosition of a light-absorbing screen in the eyepiece of the telescope should be found to j improve the vision. Such however, i according to Professor See and Mr. ! Peters o r the United States naval j observatory, is the fact. By inter posing a cell, filled with a solution of j picric acid and copper in alcohol, he- j tween the eye and the lenses of the eyepiece, they find that the definition with a telescope, in viewing stars and ptmiets, materially improved. PHOTOGRAPHY AND PRINTING. How Ihe Best Photographer* Study Tlieir Subject*. In an article on “Photography as a Fine Art.” in Everybody’s Magazine, Charles H. Caffin suggests the difficul ty which confronts the artistic pho tographer in his attempt to make a fine portrait. “The painter,” he says, “enjoys the opportunity of studying his subject’s character and character istic pose and expression m manv sit tings, and can gradually elaborate the recold of what he sees, striving to make it comprehend or suggest the tanv-sidedneßs et - his subject. This, however, is a great gift, and few there be that find it; but it constitutes the grandeur of the great portraits of the world. I have heard of a photog rapher inviting to his studio some one whose portrait he wished to take, and on many occasions in the unrestraint of conversation studying his charac teristics, and then one day, by a little ruse, securing a negative-plate when the subject thought it was something at his side that was being photo graphed. But this is obviously im practicable as a rule, and the photog rapher must ordinarily rely upon quickness or sympathy and compre hension, upon his ability to cultivate confidence at short notice, and the power of rapid decision as to pose and lighting, so that he saves the sitter the oppressive feeling of being operat ed upon. One can imagine the diffi culty of this, and it is surprising how the best photographers surmount it. There is another side to the portrait, which is that, besides being a good likeness, it may be a beautiful pic ture, and one is inclined to believe that in this respect the photographers succeed more often than the painters. Indeed, one may go further and assert that, in this country todav, the por traits by the best photographers at tain a higher average of all-round ex cellence than those by the best painters. Th Latest Cure for Measles, Dr. Chatiniere, an eminent Paris practitioner, has just brought to the attention of the Academy of Music anew discovery for the cure of measles. It consists simply of con fining the patient in a room with the windows hung in red shades or cur tains through which the sunlight en ters. The physician says he has demon strated the efficacy of reddened sun rays in 12 cases of well-developed measles, cures following with wonder ful rapidity. The discovery is the result of obser vations among peasants of the Vosges, Caucasus. Finland and other countries, the women have a habit of en veloping children suffering from measles in red cloths.—Paris Corre spondence. New York World. I "'!' y .5sL fW wM llijjs *?* *?* *?* Tlse !• fair!wit for Summer. Already the coolest of shirtwaists are in the windows of the large shops and give evidence that the coming summer will be a carnival of gauzy exquisiteness. Guimpes of white or gandy, with colored batiste or lawn, delicate embroideries in artistic de signs, tucks and insertions, bolero ef fects and simple shirtwaists are shown in a variety of color and fashion that is positively bewildering. For whole gowns there are the daintiest mulls and silk mousselines, as well as fine wash fabrics almost as sheer and deli cate. Tiling* Women Mintilrl Know. Fortunately she can he just as dain ty, pretty and altogether feminine while knowing the principles of design ing, building, plumbing, ventilating, heating, lighting and protecting from dampness the home, the making of fires, the disposing of garbage, disin fecting of rooms, and general hygienic and sanitary requirements, as she could be were her whole mission in life to look pretty. That a few wideawake, practical women have taken a stand against dark houses is evidenced by the better provisions for good lighting that may be noted in a large number of the newly built city houses and fiats. When suen protests become far reaching enough to make the renting of dark houses difficult, then they will disappear completely and forever.— Ella Morris Kretschmar, in the Wom an’s Home Companion. A Cure for Tired- Nerves, A lady’s fingers are much cleverer than the hired man’s to prick out deli cate seedlings, to bud roses or graft trees, and skilful to practise all the delicate arts of propagating plants. It is surprisingly easy to raise a large stock of perennials and shrubs, to pro duce rose bushes, to multiply anything of which the smallest scrap or seed can bo procured. Work of this kind has a specially soothing charm for tired nerves and equals the most per fect rest cure. It will not injure the finest lady to prepare potting compost, to hoe or rake among her plants, to spread among them the beneficial mulch by which the hired man would probably kill many of them when roughly shovelling it against the stems. Only a lady knows how to tend the young rose shoots and exter minate the marauding grub or green fly. Some very great ladies in Eng land will not trust a gardener among their flowers or even to train fruit trees or nail up climbing roses.—Anna Lea Merritt, in “New” Lippincott. laying Gathers. Laying gathers is a time honored operation as irritating and nerve-wear ing as it is necessary. Since learning to accomplish the same result in a far easier way, the present writer has taught the knack to several friends and all, without exception, are enthu siastic. Use a long, strong needle; that is, a coarser one than you would ordinarily use for the work in hand. Gather the needle full, keeping the thimble finger at the eye of the needle, so that no stitches escape onto the thread. When you can force on no more cloth, still holding the thimble in place, with the thumb and first finger hold the gathers firmly onto the needle at the point end. With the left thumb and first and second fingers, pull the gathers, two or three at a time, straight down from the needle with a swinging motion, sliding the fingers under the material and pulling down with the thumb, beginning at the left and work ing toward the right. When the work is slipped onto the thread, it will be as flat as if each gather had been pain fully “scratched” into place. The two processes are practically accomplished in one, and after a few trials and with a little patience, you will never go back to the “good old way.”—Good Housekeeping. New Belts for Spring. The new leather belts are almost universally of round form, and make no concession to the advocates of the “dip” front. Tne prettiest have rows of stitching that cause the outer sur face of the belt to be slightly corru gated. Leather and velvet are also combined, the latter laid in a single band in the centre of the wider leather belt, and stitched on both edges. Two or three rows of. narrow velvet are banded in similar manner on belts that measure one and a Ifalf inches wide. Frequently the ends of the velvet rib bon are continued to varying lengths beyond the end of the belt, and are tipped with long gilt “spikes.” The most novel of such belts are finished with a gilt drop or spike. Whether few or many of these strands are shown, their length is from 15 to 20 inches. The same idea of drop trimming, but carried out In ribbon, is also applied to stock collars, that are finished with full rosettes, and from five to seven pendent strands. These pretty ornaments are known as L’Aiglon, and though a prominent feat ure of the shops for a month or more, their possibilities are still being devel oped with a view to combining the ro settes or pompons with the light wool spring gowns.—Harper’s Bazar. Correct Pont lire During sleep. The correct posture for sleep is to lie on the right side with the limbs stretched out to their full length, and the arms either straight down by the body or in any comfortable position, provided they are not raised above the head; the mouth should be closed, and all the muscles of the body should be relaxed. The lungs work with greater delib eration during the hours of sleep, and if the arms are raised above the head at this time and for any period the ac tion of the heart drives the blood away from the arms and sends it to the head, frequently making one very rest less when it does not prevent sleep entirely. As all food enters the stomach at the left side, passing out at the right, the necessity for lying on the right fide when sleeping is obvious. Again, the heart is on the left side of the body and during sleep it should be as free from pressure as during the waking hours; this is best obtained by reclining on the right side. Do not sleep flat on your back; sleep ing in this posture causes the muscles of the throat to relax and the jaw to drop. In this position one not only snores but also invites the coming of wrinkles, and as the neck shows age quite as soon as the face this posture should be faithfully guarded against.— American Queen. Tlio New Flat Collars. • The fashionable French dressmaker is trying to force the fiat collar, rea sonably arguing that it is the proper companion of the 1860 sleeve. An ex tremely ingratiating model of the new est Parisian neck decoration is shown in stitched taffeta over which a flat circlet of ribbon threaded lace is laid. For such a collar a many looped knot of ribbons or a quaint cameo brooch is the proper finish. Quite the nearest approach to the flat collar we have reached on this side is a graceful rolling lace neck band, which does not rise very high under ears and chin, and is shaped in front in two long points finished with tassels of white silk floss falling from little halls of gilt. This and the afore mentioned type of collar are destined to play a prominent part in the com pletion of the foulards and sweet sum mer cloths already making springtime in the show windows. Our American spring and summer and the pretty round throats of our women are persuasive agents in the popularization of the low and easy neck finish. For the present, however, high and ornamental stocks and scarfs have the field to themselves. Only the extremely fashionable women who flaunt their new plumage well in ad vance of every season are swathing their throats in stitched chokers of white satin with wing backs of a con trasting shade of panne. All the nar row string ties of satin clasping the base of the choker in front display jeweled ferrets on their ends. Such a modish little stock in white, mouse gray, gilt and sapphire blue is illus trated in the group along with a pow erful rival in black and peach pink atin. The black satin top shows a delicate vermice.il pattern of gold thread and the lower tightly drawn pink satin half is drawn about the stock twice, fastened with smart little gilt pins in front, and, after tying in a four-in-hand bow, lets fall two broad ends, fringed and embroidered in gift.—Washington Star. fpo R'SVofrtif's&r Silk flannel is a pretty material for shirtwaists. Braid will he used on many of the new spring gowns. Corduroy jackets worn with cloth skirts are very stylish, especially tne black or brown corduroy. The new silk gingham waists made with vest, tie and broad sailor collar of a solid color look well and other cot ton materials are made up with vest and revers of white pique. A flat tulle hat in delicate ecru is trimmed in front with a single big pink poppy. A pink tulle has a creamy yellow rose for its sole adornment, and a black one is decorated with an im possible but lovely blue rose. The latest Parisian fancy is a black stock of mousseline de soie, decorated with slanting lines of Roman pearl and fastened at the left side in a fluffy butterfly bow. This is worn with even ing dress, and is regarded as tremen dously chic. Panne cloth is a lovely material for shirtwaists to be worn at this season. It domes in all shades, and has a sheen like that of panne velvet, but with the warmth of flannel. Big gold buttons are generally used on shirtwaists made of panne cloth. Gold tags for finishing neck ribbons or streamers increase in popularity. The spikes are varied in style and many new shapes are shown in flat tags. Some are pointed, others square, and a few nave decorations of colored beads or hits of enamel Some short petticoats are made with a single front breadth of ordinary width and four narrow gores on either side, each finished with a point at the lower edge. The handkerchief ruffles are to be seen on the long skirts, which are a mass of ruffles upon ruffles. Very pretty is a dark green flannel waist made with a vest of white flan nel finely tucked, and on either side of the vest tne green is cut out in fancy shape and stitched with dark green silk. Avery light gray with a white vest made in this same way is very dainty. A Delicate Flavor. The addition to a mayom three or four drops of garlic imparts a flavor not easily rec * but which adds much to the de ness of the salad. Some cooks what they call a “flourish of ma , the mayonnaise. With this a garlic an indescribable “far away vor is given which cannot offend i most delicate taste. Prune Je. Make a syrup with a pint of ff ,. a and six ounces of sugar; add theta! of an orange and the grated p ee i, a lemon. Wash a pound of prunes boiling water and then stew them the syrup until they are quite tend Take them out and, after remov; the stones, pass them through a sia Add an ounce of gelatine which i been soaked in a little cold water tol syrup. When it is dissolved, pour a few drops of carmine and strain through muslin. Mix the sieved prui and the syrup together, and when n ei ly cold pour into a mold which h been rinsed with cold water. Ser the jelly surrounded by custard i cream. Savory Fondled Ejjiju. Break an egg very carefully into coffee cup and sprinkle it lightly - salt and pepper. Have ready stewpan containing some bo tea which has been nicely carefully slip the egg int and poach it in the usual • it is done place it on ar: round of buttered toast; small quantity of beef tea qu a little corn flour and pou, the egg. Another way of st poached egg is as follows; Break anew laid egg into a butte; teacup, season it with salt and pap t and place the cup in the stewpan col taining sufficient boiling water to read to rather more than half way up the cup; as soon as the egg is set turn ii carefully on to a piece of hot buttered toast. During the time the egg is cooking boil a small quantity of cream in a saucepan, season it with a little celery salt and pepper and add a tea spoonful of chopped parsley to it; pour the cream over the egg and serve at once. < Point* In Cooking Flih. The first thing to learn about fisl cooking is that an underdone fish ist fish ruined —an offense to the palatal an indictment against the cook. Tbi second thing to bear in mind is, thJ the simplest methods give the enjoyable results. Elaborate fish dish-1 es we may well save for forma! ew tertaining for our social enemies (crit ics) to dazzle the eye and excite envi of skill; reserving for the home tablj for our intimates and the gustaton wise among our guests the perfectioj of simple broils, etc. Never “bone” a fish, as by such mi tilation of the tissues the naturi juices are lost, leaving the flesh dr< and flavorless. Boning is quite com monly practiced, hut never by cook who are fitted by instinct and by tti best intelligence for the duties of theij office. How to clean and treat tit many varieties of fish preliminary t cooking, may not here be entered inti space forbidding, and instruction froi one’s dealer or butcher is therefore ur gently recommended.—Ella Morri Kretschman, in Good Housekeeping. Household Hints. Vinegar and brown paper will heal! bruise or “black eye.” Wash table silver in boiling bo water; this will keep it bright withou polishing. A little salt added to an egg / It, and the egg consequently beatt a froth more quickly. A nice filling for sandwiches raayb* made by mincing or pounding ’ very fine, mixing it to a paste cream or meiced butter and seaso to taste. A salad that is liked by soffi made by combining raw oysters W' sil chopped walnuts and bits of celerj served on lettuce leaves with Fr® 1 * dressing. In the healing of burns and where there is danger of contra scars, rub the new skin several tir day with good sweet oil. Persl this rubbing until the skin is sot flexible. Windows, as every housek* knows, should never by any chan cleaned when the sun is shining them, for the water drying more Q> ly than it can be wiped away 1< the glass streaked. If you have never tried saving lemon and orange skins to add ti bath water, do so. Not only will t* impart to it a pleasant odor, 6 tonic properties that render it P e£} liarly cooling and refreshing. , Wash silk stockings in a lath® luke warm water and white s' Rinse thoroughly in clear water, wrong side out and wring dry cloth. When nearly dry stretd' shape in the hands, but do not if J Quilts of wool are supersede, degree the down quilts which h long held sway as the most and of bed coverings. The new % quilts may be had in a variety iy shades of silk, with a Hi* Shetland wool of fine quality.
