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AN ISLE OF
SKULLS FOUND.
Awful Desolation of Spot Which
Once Supported Life-
EXPLORERS TO VISIT PLACE.
California Islands That War* One*
Inhabited by a Race That Is
Now Extinct.
•
Cor. Chicago Record.
Sail Francisco, Cal., Nov. 28. —
An expedition of scientific students
has been made up iu Los Angeles
and Pasadena to explore thorough
ly th* Channel islands off that part
of the coast of California known as
Santa Barbara and San Buenaven
tura counties during the next six
months. The party is to be sus
tained bv Stanford University
largely, and to a less extent by
several denominational colleges in
southern California. Anthropo
logical and archaeological students,
who have*spent several weeks each
on these islands, say they are one
of the very richest fields for work
in that department of knowledge
on the Pacific coast. The Chan
nel islands constitute California’s
only archipelago, with the possible
exception of the rocky and scanty
Farallone islands. They have
been objects of romance, legends,
curiosity and mystery for a gen
eration or more.
Notwithstanding all the islands
are w'thin eighty-two miles of
California’s shore, they are solitary
and unfrequented, and years roll
by with visits to them of less than
fifty people annually. Each island
has its own particular strange, un
canny traditions of the tribes of
red men, and each has countless
tiaces of an occupation by thou
sands and thousands of Indians.
When Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo,
the Portuguese navigator, sailed
up the coast of California in 1542
he stopped for a day or two at
each of the Channel islands, and
liis records bear testimony that on
the islands of Santa Barbara, Bata
lina, Clemente and St. Nicholas
there were “a vigorous and lusty
race of natives, who thronged the
*Ures of JkUk „4yau
at the white-sailed ship of the navi
gators. Today the islands stand
as they did over 350 years ago, but
the natives are only a memory,
represented by immense quantities
of stone implements, barrels of fine
wampum and literally cartloads of
human bones.
EIGHTY MILKS FROM COAST.
St, Nicholas island lies eighty
miles immediately opposite the lit
tle city of San Buenaventura (re
cently called by the more modern
and easy name of Ventura) and is
the most interesting of all the
channel islands from many points
of view. As far back as the mem
ory of any person in southern Cali
lina runs hundreds of white skele
tons have dotted the valleys and
hillsides. Strange utensils of ser
pentine sandstone and steatite are
found there among the human
bones, and the island and its erst
while inhabitants have a history
so curious that it is difficult of com
pfehdnstail
tii f.'ijs tile Franciscan padres
itt the Santa Barbara mission,learn
ing that there were but sixteen of
the strange and almost extinct In
dian race then living there, de
termined to rescue them from the
island. They went over in a sloop .
and succeeded, as they thought, in j
getting all on board. At the last j
moment an Indian woman returned ;
for her child and one of the fre
quent storms of the Channel islands
springing up, the sloop was driven
away without her. The sloop went
on the rocks of Point Conception
and all were lost. Sixteen years
later Capt. George Nidever and
two men went from the coast on a
sloop to hunt otter off St. Nicholas.
On landing they were, like Crusoe,
astonished to discover human foot
prints in the sand. They saw no
one, however, and a storm com
pelled them to put to sea. It was
two years thereafter that the ad
venturous captain, revolving in his
mind the sight of the footprints in
the uncenny island, determined to
go and discover and bring over the
lonely woman of whom he had
vaguely heard. Men accompanied
him, and at length they saw on the
surf-beaten shore a woman with
long tawny hair, dressed in a queer
garb of colored bird skins and
scraping with a bone knife the
blubber from a seal.
They surrounded and approach
ed her stealthily, and. although
suddenly confronted, she did not
appear in the least afraid, but
smiled, and then, falling on her
knees, prayed to the sun. The
wild woman offered no objection
when by signs she was made to un
derstand that she was to go with
them in the boat.
last of her race.
They reached Santa Barbara
across the rough sea, and the first
thing the Indian woman saw was
a man riding a horse. She had
never seen nor heard of any object
like it. and thought the man and
horse were one> and she knelt on
the shore and ofie ed her devotions
to it. Two weeks afterward the
last inhabitant of rock-ribbed,
tempest-tossed St. Nicholas died
from eating food to which she was
unaccustomed, furnished by her
rescuers, and the curtain fell on
her race forever. The woman,
known as the ‘‘Lone Woman of
Nicholas,” has been the subject of
a score of romances and poems.
St. Nicholas is ten miles long
and four miles wide at the widest
point. Its topography shows a
nearly level plateau, with an eleva
tion of 800 to 1,090 feet. Two
thirds of the surface is covered
with drifting sand, and the remain
der grows a species of nutritious
grass and moss, on which a thou
sand sheep find pasture. Several
spriugs have been discovered, but
their water is slightly brackish.
Of late years the island is rarely
visited, except by sheep shearers
and shell gatherers, who make an
nual trips in schooners, fishing
smacks or Chinese junks.
The only safe landing ground at
St. Nicholas is at Coral harbor, a
pretty cove formed by two sand
stone arms thrust out from the
main barrier of the shore. The
entrance is but six or seven yards
across, and the water within is as
placid as a lake and sufficiently
and ep to float a vessel of twenty
tons burden. On the bleak, sil
very strip of beach immense white
pelicans are to be seen at almost
any season of the year, promenad
ing with stately dignity. On the
approach of the dingy they spread
their heavy pointed wings and
vanish over the rocks. Farther up
the slope of the beach there is a
dilapidated shearing shed, and a
weather-worn shanty belonging to
Chinese shell gatherers. Nothing
more desolate than the general ap
pearance of the island can well be
imagined.
DESOLATION IS COMPLETE.
As far as the eye can trace there
are barren levels with innumerable
pVTftYtVI u otfce ~ SlfcoST
Not a vestige remains of the ma
terials used in the construction of
these rancherias. Hundreds of
shell mounds are scattered about,
and are found to consist of aston
ishing numbers of mollusks, the
bones of every species of fish found
in the channel, skeletons of seals,
sea elephants, whales, sea otter,
the island fox and various aquatic
birds. Without question these
animals were used for food by the
tribe that once thronged these
boundaries There are also nu
merous canine skeletons, several
of which indicated a species of bull
terrier. Judging from the immense
quantities of dead land mollusks
eveiywhere, there must have been
a time when the island supported
a luxuriant vegetation. Of all
this verdure nothing is seen today
but a few stunted thorn bushes,
and new and then a cactus forlorn
ly reaching its grotesque arms #ut
of the interminable sweeps of sand.
WOMAN
I# LIKE 4 DELHfATT
mus/oal /msntuman
In food condition she Is sweet and lovable,
and sings life’s song on a Joyful harmonious
String. Out of order or unstrung, there Is
discordance and unhappiness. J uit as there
Is one key note to all music so there is one key
note to health. A woman might as well try
to fly without wings as to feel well and look
well while the organs that make her a woman
are weak or diseased. She must be healthy
Inside or she can’t be healthy outside. There
are thousands of women suffering silently all
over the country. Mistaken modesty urges
their silence, While there i* nothing more
admirible than a modest woman, health Is
of the first importance. Every other con
sideration should give way before it. Brad
field’s Female Regulator is a medicine fot
women's ills. It is
est way to cure leu- ’'
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backache and gen- > | |
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tng with other so- j \iwSf Lfwrfrf' ;
called remedies. I SMb
We are not asking Jr 7*
you to try anuncer- J
(ainty. Bradftald's
has done for others Jim
Sold in drug storea H
THE BROHEID
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An examination of some of the
mounds discloses all sorts of cu
rious utensils—stone cooking pots,
ollas, mortars, pestles, drills, bone
needles and fish hooks, shell beads,
charm stones, pipes, cups and a
few arrow heads, spear points and
swords made of bone. The ab
sence of many weapons proves the
peaceful attributes of the islanders.
Small imitation of boats and fish
carved from crystalized talc and
serpentine also shows a rudimen
tary knowledge of the art of sculp
ture. In many places conical pihs
of small black pebbles contrasts
oddly w'ith the white sand. In
some instances these pebbles are
packed in abalone shells. No trace
;is seen of the "brush pens” in
which a woman for years found
her only shelter from the cutting
winds and sand. Nature, ever un
mindful of the individual, long
since merged the superhuman ef
forts of this courageous life into
the universal fate of an entire race.
Indeed, every foot of this strange
island is eloquent of the extinction
of almost unheard-of people.
A tiip along the west coast of
St. Nicholas island over a vast ex
tent of shell mounds sets one to
wondering how it was possible for
a limited population to consume
such prodigious numbers of mol
lusks. In fact, the infinite variety
of mollusea on St. Nicholas is said
by biologists not to be exceeded
by any other known region of equal
area. The shore line is of coarse
sandstone, burrowed by the pound
ing surf i.ito fantastic alcoves,
bridges, columns and caves. Some
times these savage cuts form rude
effigies bearing a surprising like
ness to living creatures, One of
the most conspicuous is the exact
counterpart of the neck, breast and
body of a bird with an alert hood
ed head. This piece of nature’s
sculpturing must be forty feet long,
and beheld from a distance looks
quite as perfect as if fashioned by
man. There are hundreds of pho
tographs of this freak of nature
sold all over California.
Going westward from this gnaw
ed, surf lashed wall the ground
makes a gentle descent to a wide
mesa, terminating in a steep es
carpment. The atmosphere from
this elevation is so delicately clear
that the eye can readily distin
guish the peaked tops of all the
channel islands, several of them
being forty miles away. Immed
iately at our feet there stretches
away a dreary desert of stupendous
istic of the place were heaps of the
bones of whales, their arrange
ment and packing so systematical
ly correct as to have withstood a
century’s sweep of winds over this
exposed point. But one human
skeleton has been found here, its
bleached, dismembered aspect in
keeping with the driven desolate
ness of the spot. The merciless
blast had piled the sand dunes all
about, but spread no kindly drift
over this‘‘rough sketch of man.”
All around are the casts of roots of
trees in the shifting sand, ranging
all the way in size from coarse fiber
to several inches in diameter.
These semi-petrifieations are in
tact, the wind haviug swept them
clean of the loose earth. They
yield a metallic ring when tapped
with a rock or shell. A still more
remarkable feature of this desert is
a stone forest, the bioken columns
composed of Indurated sand.
At the extreme west end of the
island there is a colossal precipice
tooo feet in height, its charmed
and slitted face softened by a lux
uriant growth of emerald moss and
jicheus,
AN ANCIENT BATTLEFIELD.
The most grewsome of all the
sights on this strange island is to
be seen on the broad plateau south
of the Chinese camp at Coral har
bor. Here acres of the naked sand
are littered with hundreds of dis
jointed skeletons, and present the
most reckless illustration of the
‘‘ground plan” of humanity that
imagination can picture. Meas
urements have been made by sev
eral scientists of the thigh, leg and
arm bones, and literally bushels of
skulls and other parts of the hu
man frame have been brought to
Los Angeles from St. Nicholas is
land for investigation. The gen
eral opinion is that the Indian race
that swarmed over the island was
much larger than any civilized
race of today and that some of the
men must have been seven feet
three inches tall. The skulls of
this extinct tribe often measure
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TNC eiNT.ua MNHNT, rt NU.UT ITMIT. NEW *IT.
several nc les more t tan some of
other large skulls of today. Many
skulls found lying about on the is
land show that their possessors
must have suffered death from a
club or blunt battle ax. No one
has ever yet found a skull on St.
Nicholas that shows marks of a
bullet. There are many collar
bones and shoulder blades broken
and crushed, so that it is evident
their owner was killed by some in
strument such as a war club or a
bowlder. Scientists say that the fav
orite weapon in warfare with the
Aleutian savage tribes a century
and more ago was a club or blud
geon, and this fact fits with the
****** J Tr4!*: IIIC ITT tl l I'd IIS
came down and completely des
troyed the people on Channel is
lands.
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MARK TWAIN AS A BOXER,
Advises Civilized People to Keep
Out of China.
New York, Nov. 24. —“If I were
in China I wouid be a boxer,” said
Mark Twain, who was guest of
honor at the Berkley Lyceum of
the Public Education Association.
His remark consideraly startled
h s hearers, most of whom were
women.
Why should not China,” he
asked, ‘‘be free from foreigners,
w o are only making trouble on
her soil? If they would only all
go home what a pleasant place
China would be for the Chinese!
We do not allow Chinamen to
come here, and I say in all serious
ness that it would be a graceful
thing to let China decide who shall
go there.
‘‘China never wanted foreigners
any more than foreigners want
Chinamen, and on this question I
am with the Boxers every time.
The Boxer is a patriot. He loves
his country better than he does
the countries ol other people. I
wish him success. The Boxer be
lieves in driving us out of his
country. I am a Boxer, too, for
I believe in driving him out of our
country.”
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