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In the liistorv of the United States is now upon
us. livery persouof intelligence desires to keep
p k‘*‘ with the course of its events. There is uo
better way to do so than to subscribe for
The Macon Telegraph.
Its news facilities are unsurpassed by any paper
in the South. In addition to the fullest Associ
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ence by wire and letter from all important
points in Georgia and the neighboring States.
During the present session of Congress W ash
burton will be the most imp rtant and most in
teresting news centre in the country. The
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the verv best that can be had.
Its regular correspondent furnishes the latest
news and gossip in full dispatches, trequeut
special letters from Hon. Amos J. Cummings,
nu mber of Congress trom New York. Frank G.
Carpenter and W. A. Crottut, three of the best
known newspaper writers at the .capital, dis
cuss the livest and most important issues ot the
day.
The Telegraph is a Democratic Tariff Reform
paper. If is thoroughly iu line with the policy
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TERSE TARIFF TALK
By Hon. Judson C- Clements in
the House of Representatives.
He (lives Some Strong Reasons for TarifT
Reform.—The Surplus in the Treasury
Should be Reduced.
Mr - Clements said:
Mr. Chairman: That condition of
American citizenship which revels in sec
tional hate and spite, which enthralls the
citizen in whom it lives and moves to
such an extent as has been demonstrated
here to-day, is the object of pity rather
than of resentment. I will not take the
time of this committee in making any
reply whatever to it. The measure be
lore the committee is one of national im
portance. It is one which affects the in
terests of all classes of people in all sec
tions; and we come here, at least in theo
ry, as the trustees and the representa
tives of the American people. We ought
to accept that trust in a spirit of frater
nity, in & spirit of patriotism which looks
to the building up and not to the tearing
down of any section, and to the prosper
ity of the whole.
The propositions to revise and reduce
tariff and internal-revenue taxes and to
simplify the tax-collection laws embodied
in the pending bill are practical business
questions.
Upon a wise and just determination of
these questions depend in a large meas
ure the prosjierity and happiness of the
sixty millions of people that Congress
has the honor to represent.
This decision must affect in greater or
less degree, either for good or evil, all
classes of the people, whether poor or
rich, of whatever profession or occupa
tion, and of whatever political persua
sion. Therefore these propositions
should challenge our highest wisdom, and
should call into exercise our most con
scientious care. They should command
our deepest sense of jusf ice, that we may
not be guilty of any injustice to any, and
at the same time our broadest patriot
ism, that we may look well to the pros
perity of all. The discussion and con
sideration of the measure should be can
did, and with a view to the greatest good
and not merely party antagonism or po
litical advantage, for the country is
greater than any political party, and the
country’s welfare is more important than
the success of any party. Again, that
party serves itself best which serves the
country best. The people ask now as
they have asked before for substantial
relief, and when they ask for the “bread’’
of even-handed justice they will not be
content with the “stone” of mockery and
delay. Those who have opposed the
pending bill have all, so far as I remem
ber, without exception, devoted their
time largely to a discussion of the gener
al and abstract doctrine of free trade.
To this extent it seems to me the debate
has been irrelevant. It is not a question
of free trade.
Gen 1 ‘men on the other side of the
House have seen proper to discuss from
the beginning of this debate down to this
time the Confederate constitution and
the abstract and general principles of
free trade. Why, my friend from Mary
land [McComas] a few days ago talked
about the new South and his great love
for her, and among other affectionate
words, said:
“To-day every old soul-driver of the
South is a free-trader.”
That is the way a practical business
question is met by the representatives
and trustees of the people. I will not
Dike the time to go from one gentleman
to another who have spoken upon the
floor about the Confederate constitution
and free trade and make fitting response
on this question. We do not live twenty
five years ago. Slavery has been settled
and abolished. There is no question of
free trade before this House.
As was suggested by the President of
the United States in his message, he pre
sents for your consideration a condition,
not a. theory; not an abstract proposi
tion of free trade or of protection, but a
condition which must be met.
What is it? An overflowing surplus in
the Treasury of $150,000,000 over and
above all the needs of the Government
for any purpose; and for the last three or
four years the figures show that this has
been increasing year after year. It is
greater this year than it was last year,
and greater last year than the year be
fore. The public debt is being paid
off, and the interest account is being di
minished. and therefore there is need for
less money instead of more of it in the
Treasury. That is the condition, and
not only that but the entire circulating
medium of the country, both in the
Treasury and out of it, counting the pa
per money of all kinds for circulation as
money, is # only about sl,l-00,000,000,
or about $23 per capita of the people of
the United States. About one-fourth of
it all is locked up in the Treasury, and a
great deal more is locked up in the banks
of the country. So that the actual cir
culation of money amongst the people is
far less than the total amount I have
named.
Now, we will have within this year an
accumulation of about 75,000,000.
That is excessive and unnecessary taxa
tion amounting to about $1.25 to every
man, woman, and child in the whole
country. It is contributed to the vaults
of the Treasury this vear beyond the
eed s of the Government and beyond the
legitimate purposes of appropriation to
spend it and pay it back among the peo
ple, where it can fulfill its proper and le
gitimate functions as money. Allowing
five people to a family, that amounts to
about $0.25 for each head of a family,
taken in one year absolutely from his
earnings by the power of the Govern
ment beyond its necessities.
This is the condition of which the
President speaks, and with which the
country is confroted. Financial disaster
was last year diverted by the wise policy
of purchasing the bonds at a premium,
by which a sufficient amount of the
hoarded surplus was again put in circu
lation to avert teinjiorarily the threat
ened disaster, but the cause of the evil
remains. .This policy ought not to be
forced upon the Administration of pay
ing, not only principal and interest, but
a premium on the indebtedness of the
Government, simply because we have
money iu the Treasury and it must, be
put in circulation. Let the policy be
adopted of reducing the revenue so that
this surplus money shall not come into
the Treasury, but shall be left to circu
late among the people, retaining only
that amount of revenue which is neces
sary to support the Government eco
nomically and honestly administered.
Then there will be no danger of a finan
cial panic."* There is not sufficient circu
lating medium in the country. If ve had
none of it locked up there would not be
enough for the demands of this great
country, with its constantly and rapidly
increasing population, expansion, and
development of business. What we need
is less taxation and greater volume of
money—circulation.
The present condition of affairs is one
which it takes no prophet to foretell will
certainly lead to financial trouble in the
near future if persisted in. It is simply
a question of time under the present poli
cy, when a sufficient amount of the cur
rency of the country will be locked up in
the vaults of the Treasury to cause gen
eral panic and disaster in all parts of the
country. If you start and continue the
process of withdrawing from the human
body, however slow the process, its life
blood, we all know what must be the
certain result. The body must succumb
and perish. The result to the business
interests of the country of the process of
absorbing its circulation is no less doubt
ful or uncertain—it is only a question of
time. If we will not, as I believe we
should, increase largely the volume of
money or that which represents it. let us
at least revise the tax laws so as to leave
what there is beyond the actual wants of
the Government among the people to
perform its proper functions.
The policy ot paying a premium upon
our bonds in order to discharge them be
fore due can only be justified upon the
ground of the existing surplus. Would
it be good business policy for an individ
ual to make a great sacrifice in order to
raise money to pay the principal and ac
crued interest in full and a premium be
sides to discharge a note before maturi
ty? By reason of the unwise legislation
of the past most of our outstanding
bonds are not payable until the year
1907—nineteen years. It is not pleasing
to him who admires even-handed justice
to all to see the favors that have been
shown the few at the expense of the
many in relation to the bonds of the
Government. First, the non-interest
bearing green-backs, worth not more
than 70 cents on the dollar, and for
which the Government did not receive
more than that in actual value, were
funded in interest-bearing bonds, noil
taxable. Then the interest was made
payable in coin. Then silver was demon
etized so that the interest became paya
ble during the period of demonetization
in gold. And now when the Government
desires to pay off any ot the bonds before
maturity, so as to put into circulation
part of this surplus so necessary to the
business of the country, it can only do
so by paying principal and accrued in
terest and premiums. The true business
policy is to cease the collection of excess
ive revenues, and then the necessity for
paying premiums will cease—pay the
bonds, principal and interest, only as
they mature and not before.
Shall we then blindly go on and quib
ble over the Question whether the Demo
cratic majority in this House or the Re
publican majority which gentlemen on
that ski** hope will be in the next House
shall perform this duty? Why shall we
not all of us, as American citizens, not
as partisan politicians, engage in this
patriotic work and do our duty as the
trustees of the American people?
A few days ago the gentleman from
Pennsylvania [Mr. O’Neill], an honora
ble and distinguished member of this
House, admitted in his place on the floor
that the tariff needed revision and reduc
tion, and that the work of revising and
reducing it ought to be done. But the
partisan spirit which seems to actuate
that side of the House as a party of an
tagonism is fairly illustrated in his re
marks, from which I read:
“Mr. O’Neill, of Pennsylvania. Mr.
Chairman, I do not favor what is called
the review of the tariff to-day. I want
to review the tariff and revise it when we
have a Republican President and a Re
publican House of Representatives. [Ap
plause on the Republican side.]
“Mr. Patchings. We would have to
wait too long for that.
“Mr. O’Neill, ot Pennsylvania. I want
to have it done in a House of its friends,
not in a house of its enemies. [Applause
on the Republican side.]”
You condemn President Cleveland for
recommending that which in a large
measure was recommended by President
Arthur. Secretary Folger and other
Republican officials have repeatedly made
recommendations very much in the same
direction. In the tariff debate in the
Forty-seventh Congress many Republi
can Representatives admitted the neces
sity of revision and reduction. The Tar
iff Commission, a majority of whom
were Republicans and who were appoint
ed by President Arthur, after traveling
over the United States and hearing from
all classes of people, the beneficiaries of
protection as well as others, under oath,
and a very careful and intelligent study
of the whole question, recommended a
reduction of about 20 per cent. In the
Republican national platform of 1884
there appears the following promise:
“The Republican party pledges itself to
reject the inequalities of the tariff and
to reduce the surplus, not by the vicious
and indiscriminate process of horizontal
reduction, but by such methods as will
relieve the tax-payer without injuring
the laborer or the great productive in
terests of the country.”
You taunt us with the charge of inca
pacity to reduce and revise taxation, and
yet in the face of repeated official utter
ances and platform pledges and in the
face of your present admission of the ne
cessity of such legislation you seem con
tent to propose nothing yourselves and
only find fault with the President and
the pending bill.
The Democratic maiority is only seek
ing to carry out the Democratic pledge
and to reduce the unnecessary burdens
that bear not on Democrats only, but
upon all the people, and which keep con
stantly on hand the great and demoral
izing evil of a surplus inviting extrava
gant and profligate legislation and ex
penditures. Republican Representatives
in this House are not without responsi
bility. though they are in the minority.
Mr, Chairman, is it not possible for
gentlemen to meet the actual situation?
Can they not forget the Confederate con
stitution and slavery and dead issues
and deal with this vital question affect
ing the interests of all the people of this
country. The Republican party is pledg
ed to a policy of this sort. The Demo
cratic party is trying to redeem its
pledges. T 1 e gentleman from Michigan
[Mr. Brewster] said in his speech the
other day that—
“ For three years the executive depart
ment of the Government, as well as this
House, has played fast and loose upon
this great question until the necessities
of the Government have compelled the 1
administration to take some position
upon the tariff question.”
The gentleman forgot to read the plank
in the Republican platform of last .year,
in which—
“The Republican party pledges itself to
correct the inequalities of the tariff and
to reduce the surplus.”
In reply to the gentleman from Michi
gan, who charges that the President has
“played fast and loose”on this question
or any evasion of it. Now, will gentle
men come up and fulfill their pledges
made to the people in their platform
pr or to the last Presidential election?
Mr. Chairman, if it were possible for gen
tlemen to forget to what political party
they owe allegiance and that there is
some possible hope of securing political
advantage on questions of this sort, we
might have patriotic, careful, conscien
tious disposition of these propositions
and a decision in the interest of the
whole country.
********
But gentlemen say that the reduction
of taxes proposed in the pending bid will
destroy American industries. This is the
wail that is always heard when the ef
fort is made, not to destroy property or
interfere with a right, but simply to di
minish the special advantages of the few
enjoyed at the expense of the many.
It is amusing to hear some of the dole
ful predictions of the calamities that arc
to befall the country, particularly the
South, as it is beginning to bud into
prosperity by manufacturing, etc. We
are told that if we tear down this system
of protection we will bring ruin on these
new industries.
I want, as a sample of these prophe
cies, to read a few lines of a speech de
livered in the Forty-Seventh Congress on
the question of quinine, which had been
put on the free list in 1879. When a Re
publican Congress was trying to revise
the tariff, or at least pretending to do so,
in the Forty-seventh Congress, there was
a proposition to put 10 per cent, back
on quinine. In the discussion of that
question Mr. Kelley said :
“All that is said in general about
cheapening these vital drugs I assent to;
but I say to the gentlemen on this side
their whole theory in reference to protec
tion, as has been said on the other side,
is a shain, a snare, and a delusion, for
moderate projection will give you pure
quinine and cinchonidia and keep down
its price.
“I say to gentlemen on that side of the
House who prate of a revenue tariff that
we are entitled to some revenue from
those costly and important drugs. The
letters from druggists already read hold
that this duty distributes over four hun
dred and thirty-five grains to the ounce,
can not be felt by the consumers, and it
is merely transferring the guaranty, so
the manufacturer may have a chance in
his own market, for the retailer who buys
at whatever price he can buy sells at the
same rate, because no coin will measure
the reduction of duty.”
Continued on Sixth Page.
BAKER <& HALL,
The moat extensive dealers in North Georgia in
General Hardware,
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS,
BUGGIES, WAGONS, HARNESS, ETC.
Can supply anything from a Knitting
Needle to a 100-horse power Engine.
Sash, Doors and Blinds.
Engines, Saw Mills, Blacksmith Tools,
Guns, Pistols, Powder, Shot, Etc.
We assure the farmers that they need not go el sew he: e for anything they wane
in our line, for we have everything they need in their business at prices that can
not be beaten. In fact we are headquarters for Hardware, Agricultural Imple
ments, and Machinery for this section.
HAIfCD 9. || AI I Ranlrorc We do a General Banking Business and
BHnbll V IWkkj DdllKCOi and solicit deposits, Loans made com
mensurate with security. BAKER & HALL, West Main Street,
CA.H TEFISVIIjirjE. GA
Dr. SALMON'S
# HOG CHOLERA SPECIFICI W
CHICKEN POWDER. —SHEEP POWDER, 81
ICATTLE1 CATTLE POWDER.—CONDITION POWDER. W
W * f PREVENT & CURE HOG CHOLERA. 4|
Off . DESTROY & PREVENT HOG LICE & WORMS, if
WE CAN < CURE CATTLE MURRAIN,TEXAS FEVER, &c. if
CURE CHICKEN CHOLERA & CAPES. W
l CURE SHEEP ROT, TAPE WORM, &c. /
MANUFACTURED BY THE VETERINARY MEDICINE C0..-Jf
_ NASHVILLE, TENN.
For sale by T. A. Stover, Cartersville, .T. P. Hawks, Cassville, Shelton & Childers,
Pine Log, J. G. B„ Erwin, Erwin, W. H. C. Lloyd, Fairmount, Jno. B. Boyd, Sonora,
J. M. Anderson, Folson, Dr. Thos. Johnson, Adairsville.
the liVery stable
O 3E*
CRAWFORD A FIELD
Always Keaily with the Handsomest Turnouts,
Polite
Treatment
Horses and Mules kept on hand for sale, and our accommodations for drovers can
not be surpassed anywhere.
Thankful for the past liberal patronage and asking a continuance of the same, which
we hope to merit by careful and prompt attention to business we are,
Respectfully, CRAWFORD & FTEPI>,
ap!2l-tf East Side Railroad near Court House.
JdkTd hT . JLJIL
rwy VV yT VTT a TT'T'TTTTT WTTTi
The man who has invested from three JU We offer the man who wants service
to five dollars in a Rubber Coat, and (not style) a garment that will keep
at his first half hour's experience in mM m nma ■■■ him dry in the hardest storm. It is
a storm finds to his sorrow that it is Iftß I called TOWER’S FISH BRAND
hardly a better protection than a trios- Ef KIL I “ SLICKER,” a name familiar to every
quito netting, not only feels chagrined m ™ " Cow-boy all over the land. With them
at being so badly taken in, but also ■ IH Sk I the only perfect Wind and Waterproof
feels if he does not look exactly like Coat is “Tower’s Fish Brand Slicker.”
Ask tor the “ FISH BRAND’’ Slicker k 8 Sssfi BIQ and take no other. If your storekeeper
does not have the fish brand, seo.i for descriptive catalogue. A. J. Tower, 20 Simmons St., Boston, Mass,
►X* *l* *~l* v r *~I ’ ’'l” *V* ’t* *.l” *%* >r y ►J'* *•!** *%• *V* ►%
teESLICKERwa^M
t)lLlUiVl.fl Ever Haile.
Don’t waste your money on a (rum or rubber coat The FISH BRAND SLICKBI
■uamped with the above is absolutely uxiier and %eir.d proof, and will keep you dry in the hardest storm.
■ trade mark. Ask for the "PISH BRAND” slick* r and take no other. If your storekeeper dow
jpot have the "nsH braxp”, send for descriptive catalogue to A. J. TOWER, SO Simmons St .Boston, Mass,
' CURES WHERE ALL ELSE FAILS.
fed Best Cough Syrup. Tastes good. Use
E3 in time. Sold by druggists.
snsraEga
t| I believe Piso’s Cure ||
$ for Consumption saved ra
lj my life. —A. H. Dowell, m
m Editor Enquirer Eden-
gj ton, N. C., April 23, 1887. a
The best Cough Medi-
S cine is Piso’s Cure tor H
Consumption. Children
3 take it without objection.
H By all druggists. 25c.
■■ Best Cough Syrup. Tastes good. Use
Ed in time. Bold by druggists. gl
THE GOWER BUGGY
is still being handled bv us. Being
made of first-class material and a
home institution, the reputation of
which lias long ago been made, we
make a specialty of it. However, we
keep a full line of other work, whicl ,
we fully guarantee. We also handle
the celebrated
TENNESSEE WAGON
I Leather and Gam Belting.
Plows, Harrows. Corn Shellers and
all kinds of
Agricultural Machinery.
Wagon and Buggy Harness, Saddles,
Bridles, ete., in great profusion at
VERY LOWEST PRICES.
ARBUCKLES'
name on a package of COFFEE is a
guarantee of excellence-
ARI9SA
COFFEE is kept in all first-class
stores from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
COFFEE
i-. food v\Vn exposed to the air.
■” ■ •’ —- '•'.d-nhermetically
- ■. A.\s—.2>..
Wlo Are You For.
Bartow county is entitled to name
State Senator this year. Go to your dis
trict meeting and express your choice. M.
F. Word is not in the race, but he wants
you to call on him for Drugs, Paints, Oils,
Cigars and nice cold drinks. You can
also get a lump of ice to cool ofl’ with at
his store. mavll-tf
When you want a nice umbrella and a
cheap one, come and see me.
J. G. M. Montgomery.
Careful
Drivers,