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RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION. One copy one year. - - • - $2 00 One copy six months, .... 100 One copy three months, ... 50 CLUB RATES. Five copies one year, - - - - $8 75 Ten copies one year, .... 15 00 Twenty copies one year, ... 25 00 Fifty copies one year, .... 50 00 To he paid for invarriably in advance. All orders for the paper must be addressed to THE FREE TRESS. Professional Cards. JAMES B. CONYERS, A TTORNEY.AT-LAW AND Notary Tublic, CARTESVILLE, : : : : Georgia. (Ollice: Bank block, up-stairs.) iXTII.L PRACTICE IN THE COURTS OF > V the Cherokee and adjoining circuits. Prompt attention given to all business. Col lections made a specialty. june29-ly K. B. TRUTE. J. M. NEED. TKIPTE & NEEL, A T TORNEYS-AT-LAW, CARTERSVILLE, GA. \\ TILL PRACTICE IN ALL THE COURTS, > V both State and Federal, except Bartow •ounty criminal court. J. M. Neel alone will practice in said last mentioned court. Ollice in northeast corner of court house building. feb27 JXO. L. MOON. DOUGLAS WIELE. MOON & WIIiLE, Attorneys-at-La w, CARTERSVILLE, GA. V&T' Office in Bank Block, over the Postoffice. feb‘27 W. T. WOFFORD, ATTORNEY-AT-LA W, —AND— DEALER IN REAL ESTATE, ( ASS STATION, BARTOW COUNTY, GA. R. W. MURPHEY, A T TORNEY-AT- LAW, CARTERSVILLE, GA. OFFICE (up-stairs) in the hriek building, cor ner of Main & Erwin streets. julylß. E. D. GRAHAM. A. M. FOUTE. GRAHAM & FOUTE, A r r TORN EYS -A T-Ij AW. CARTERSVILLE, GA. Practice in all the courts of Bartow county, the Superior Courts of North-west Georgia, and the Supreme Courts at Atlanta'. Office west side public Square, up-stairs over W. \V. Rich A Co’s. Store, second door south of Postoffice. julylß. T. W. MILNER. J. W. HARRIS, JR. MILNER & HARRIS, ATTO BNEYS-AT-LAW, CARTERSVILLE, GA. Office on West Main Street. julylß F. M. JOHNSON, Dentist, (Office over Stokely & Williams store.) CARTERSVILLE, GEORGIA. I WILL FIL j TEETH, EXTRACT TEETH, and put in teeth, or do any work in my line at prices to suit the times. al. warranted. Refer to my pat rons all over the county. augls-iy. F. M. JOHNSON. JOHN T. OWEN, (At Sayre & Co.’s Drug Store,) CARTERSVILLE, GA. WILL sell Watches, Clocks and Jewelry, Spectacles, Silver and Silver-Plated Goods, and will sell them as cheap as they can he bought anywhere. Warranted to prove as represented. All work done by me warranted to give satisfaction. Give me a call. july!B. CHAS. B. WILLINGHAM, Stenograpliic Coxix't Reporter. [ROME JUDICIAL CIRCUIT. | I MAKE A CLEAN RECORD OF CASES, taking down the testimony entire; also, ob jections of attorneys, rulings of the court, and the charge of the court, without stopping the witness or otherwise delaying the judicial pro ceedings. Charges very reasonable and satis faction guaranteed. :^ta£2MXxaismrxs^*vmFrr-^missasjMM*3EsajmmaßmmMMßaKmanßmm Traveler’s Griiide. ~ COOSA RIVER NAVIGATIOnT”" On and alter December 16th, 1878, the following schedule will be run by the Steamers MAGNO LIA or ETOWAH BILL: Leave Rome Tuesday 8 a in Arrive at Gadsden Wednesday . . . . 6am Leave Gadsden Wednesday 7pm Arrive at Rome Thursday spm Leave Rome Friday Sam Arrive at Gadsden Saturday 7am Arrives at Greensport 9am Arrive at Rome Saturday 6pm J. M. ELLIOTT, President and Gen’l Sup’t. ROME RAILROAD COMPANY. On and after Sunday, June 3rd, trains on this Road will run (is follows: DAY TRAIN—EVERY DAY. Leave Rome 8:10 am Arrive at Romo 12:00 m SATURDAY EVENING ACCOMMODATION. Leave Rome 5:00 pm Arrive at Rome . . . . 8:00 p m CHEROKEE RAILROAD. On and after Monday, Sept. 1, 1879, the train on tliis Road will run daily as follows (Sunday excepted): I .cave Cartersville 7:40 a m Arrive at Stiiesbora 8:30 a ni Arrive at Taylorsville 8:52 am Arrive at Rockmart 10:00 a 111 Arrrive at terminus 10:50 a 111 RETURNING. Leave terminus ......... 3:00 p m Arrive at Rockmart 3:40 pm Arrive at Taylorsville 4:45 pm Arrive at Stilcsboro 5:13 pm A arrive at Cartersville 6:00 pm WESTERN AND ATLANTIC R. R. The following is the present passenger sched ule: NIGHT PASSENGER—UP. Leave Atlanta 3:00 pm Leave Cartersville 4:53 pm Leave Kingston 5:19 pm Leave Dalton 7:10 p m Arrive at Chattanooga 8:47 pm NIGIIT PASSENGER—DOWN. Leave Chattanooga 5:25 p m Leave Dalton 7:10 p m Leave Kingston 8:39 p m Leave Cartersville 9:05 pm Arrive at Atlanta 11:00 p m DAY PASSENGER—UP. Leave Atlanta 5:20 a m Leave Cartersville 7:23 am Leave Kingston 7:49 a m Leave Dalton 9:2lam Arrive at Chattanooga 10:50 am DAY PASSENGER—DOWN. Leave Chattanooga 6:15 am Leave Dalton . . . . 8:10 am Leave Kingston . . 9:43 am Leave Cartersville 10:11am Arrive at Atlanta 12:05 p m CARTERSVILLE ACCOMMODATION —UP. Leave Atlanta Arrive at Cartersville * 7:22 pm CARTERSVILLE ACCOMMODATION —DOWN. Leave Cartersville 6:05 am Arrive at Atlanta 8:45 am STOVES TINWARE. JOHN ANDERSON, (Opposite Curry's Drug Store.) HAS IX STOKE AND FOR SALE A large lot of Tinware, Stoves and Cutlery. Also, the celeorated Fly Fans, Tubs and Buck ets which he will sell In exchange for Rags, Beeswax, Feathers, Butter, Eggs and Chickens. ii '- sells goods cheaper than ever. junelO ~ COUCH HOUSE, (Kingston, Georgia.) T AND COMFORTABLE iHoiiseis now ke P k b - v W * w - Uaikey - Thc tLT,r,"viif good, plain accommo datlon^ gP Partfes wisi'’ in g boar<l through the rnminpr ™ m n one of the healthiest summer am 11 hnd ningsto. <w r(r in Three and quietest localities in Lpx? 1 '. 1 lhrec or four families can get conu 11 ooms in view of trains. Terms very reafc^ 1 - em. jly2s. AV , AV . tv AIwIA T . p hot O Gt Jl APHS ! YOUNG’S GALLERY, Shorter Block, : : : : '• Jiv’tiif/' Life size (bust) for only ten dol lars; half life size only five dollars. . His work is all strictly first-class. Makes copies oi a llsorts of pictures any size and character de sired. june29 FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE. THE “CENTRAL HOTEL,” adairsville Georgia—a three-story brick building; large yards, garden and orchard attached. Address J. C. MARTINj Uecl9-tt Adairsville, Ga. VOLUME 11. E. J. Hale & Son’s STEPHENS’ HISTORY A Compendium of the History of the United States, For Schools and Colleges. By HOll. ALEX. H. STEPHENS. (513 pp. 12m0.) 17 MURRAY STREET, NEW YORK. “The pith and marrow of our history.”—Ex u 1 resident Fillmore. “Straightforward, vigorous, interesting and im . I n,< r SSlve '”—-V. Y. Christian Union. Its tone calm and judicial; its style clear and good. We recommend it to be read by all Northern men.”— Boston Courier. A work of high excellence; well adapted to supply a long felt want in our country.”—Con necticutt Schoo Journal , {lion. W. C. Fowler , JL • L* i/.) “Worthy of high praise. It will of necessity challenge attention everywhere.”—AL Y. Eve ning Post. “Among tnc notable books of the age.”—Chica go Mail. “Narrative, impartial; tone calm and dispas sionate; style masterlv.”— Louisville Home and School. “A model compcnd ."—Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel . “Everything necessary to a perfect handbook.” —Goldsboro Messenger. “Broad enough for all latitudes.”— Kentudky Methodist. “The best work of its kind now extant.”—Mem phis Farm and Home. “A success in every way.”— Wilmington Star. “Destined to become the standard of historic truth and excellence for centuries to come.”— President Wills, Oglethorpe University. “The method admirable.” Ex-Gov. Herschell V. Johnson. “Should And a place in all libraries.”— Ev-Gov. C. J. Jenkins. “A most important addition to American litera ture.”—Prof. 11. M. Johnston , Baltimore. “Read it; study it; heed it.”— Prof. E. A. Steed , Mercer University. “Fairness, fulness,' accuracy.” Prof. J. J. Brantly, Mercer University. SCHOOL AND COLLEGE TEXT BOOKS, PUBLISHED BY Iverson, Blakeman, Taylor & Cos., NEW YORK, R. E. PARK, General Agent, THIS scries comprises among others, the fol lowing well-known STANDARD SCHOOLBOOKS: New Graded Readers, Robinson’s Mathematics, Spencerian Copy Books, Well’s Scientific Works, Riddle’s Astromics. Dana’s Geology, Woodbury’s German, Kerl’s Grammar, Webster’s Dictionary, Swinton’s Histories, Swinton’s Word Books, Swintou’s Geographies, I’asquell’s French, Gray’s Botanies, Bryant & Stratton’s Book-keeping, Catlicart’s Literary Reader, etc., etc. Correspondence respectfully solicted. Address KOB'ERT E. PARK, General Agent. Care J. W. Burke & co., Macon, Georgia. U. O. ROBERTSON, M. D., Hygienic Physician and Electro- Therapeutist, Begs leave to announce to the citizens of Bartow, Gordon, Cobh, Cherokee, and other counties of North Georgia, that for the sake of rendering his mode of treatment more universal and available, and the Health Institute equally easy of access to patients in all parts of the state, has removed from Rowland Springs to Atlanta where he has permanently established a Health Institute. The -A.tlan.ta Healtli Institute is the only institute south superintended by reg ularly qualified Hygienic Phyeicians, and the only place where aIT kinds of' curable diseases are' scientifically treated without a particle of medical drug in any town, and with success uu paralellcd by any other known process of treat ing diseases. Parties who arc, because of continued dosing and drugging, considered incurable, are re spectfully requested to visit or correspond with us. Thousands of chronic invalids, after having patiently tried the “deadly virtues of the (drug ophatic) healing art” and with no other change than that of growing continually worse and worse, have under the Hygienic system of medi cation. been speedily and permanedtly restored to health. For particulars, call at ATLANTA HEALTH INSTITUTE, No. 178 W. Peters street, or address Dll. U. O. HO BURTS ON, fel2o Atlanta, Ga. CARRIAGES, BUGGIES and WAGONS, R. 11. JONES, Cartersville, Georgia. I FEEL JUSTLY PROUD OF THE RKPU tation awarded by an appreciative people. I do a square, honest business as near as 1 know how. and endeavor to give every one the worth of liis money. All work warranted, not for a year only, but for any reasonable time. 1 say it, and defy contradiction, there is No Bettei* Work Made in America than I am Building. I have a Repository in Rome, in charge of Mr. AY. L. AV liitely, in bid Odd Fellows’ building, corner above new Masonic Temple. Wagons, Buggies, Ac., kept bv him are just what they are represented to be. All sold under warrantee. I also have a shop in Rome, at the old stand of D. Lindsey & Cos., run by It. L. Williams, where new work and all kinds of repairing will be done at prices to suit the times. Give us your trade. mchO iiiie ATLANTA PHONOGRAPH. IS THE Liveliest, Spiciest, and Sauciest Journal in Ceorgia. IN POLITICS THE PHONOGRAPH IS A purely An Independent Democratic Journal. Favors a sufficient amount of national currency to suececsfully carry on the business of the coun try. It is opposed to national banks and bond holders, opposes fraud, humbugs and corrup tion, and takes especial delight in showing up everything which tends to injure the masses. IT IS A PEOPLE’S PAPER. 1 year, $2; 6 months, $1; 3 mouths, 50 cents, cash in advance. Address AV. T. CHRISTOPHER, 32 Broad Street (up-stairs), Atlanta. Ga. A. F, MURPHY, Home, :::::: Georgia. GENERAL SOUTHERN AGENT New York Portrait Painting Company, WILL TAKE ORDERS FOR ANY QUALI ty and size portrait known to the art for less money than such work can be done for by any other house. Parties desiring portraits can send photograph, with description of complexion, hair, eyes and dress. jnncl2-tim J. C. & S. F. MILAM, Commission Merchants, COTTON BUYERS, Dealers in Standard Guanos, AGENTS FOR Metropolitan Works, Hicliinoinl, Aa. CAN FURNISH ANY KIND OF AN EN ginc from four-horse power to one hundred and fifty. SAW AND GRIST MILLS, THRESHERS, And in fact any kind of machinery. Please see 11s before purchasing. Oiucc at T. A. Foote’s store, West Main street, Car tersville, Ga. ™ b27 THE FREE PRESS. TOOMBS’ RAILROAD LOG C. He Discusses the Relations of the Rail roads Towards the State—The Na ture of Corporat ions and their Uses—Public Carriers Subject to Pub lic Control. Washington, Ga., September 15. Editors Constitution: After my last letter was written to you, I received your pa per containing a reque t 1 should give you my views upon the subject of the relations of the railroad to the state. The enquiry is eminently wise and important, and its correct solution is the foundation rock of all sound legislation in tiie meas ures for the regulation and taxation of railroads now, or to be hereafter before the legislature. I therefore comply with your request with pleasure. All corpo rations are artificial “legal persons with special names, composed of such mem bers and endowned with such power (and privileges) and such only as the law prescribes.” They are of very an cient origin; they are children of civili zation, grow with it, expand with it; they are generally useful, oftentimes in dispensable to the rapid progress and de velopment of society; but they are al ways dangerous and generally so in di rect proportion to their strength and the powers conferred upon them. While railroad comp .1 *es are private corpora tions, “mere carriers for hire, incorpo rated, as such, they are given extraordi nary powers in order that they may bet ter serve the public in that capacity. They are therefore engaged in a public employment affecting the public inter est and subject to legislative control un less protected by their charters.” It is therefore the duty of these corporations to perform all the duties as common car riers imposed upon them by the law, and in the mode and njanner prescribed by the laws, statutary or common law, and also including their several charters, and pay all taxes which may legally be imposed upon them, and to perform all other duties which the law may rightfully impose upon them. The duty of the state is to protect them in the free and full enjoyment and exer cise of all of the powers, rights and priv ileges lawfully conferred upon them. — Such are the legal relations between the state and railroads. The state has done her duty, her whole duty, and more than her duty to these corporations. She has conferred favors and gratuities upon them contrary to law and greatly inju rious to the rights and interests of the people. This has most frequently been done by careless (I wish I could say with truth never by corrupt) legislation. But such is not the truth, and, therefore, ought not be said. Perhaps the worst specimen of careless legislation to be found in the laws of the state is that the legislature has hitherto wholly neglected to provide the simple machinery by which to collect out of the railroads the taxes admitted by them to be due the state, and therefore due the several coun ties of the state. They pay nothing for the support of the administration ot jus tice in the counties while they are the greatest litigants of the courts. Nothing for public buildings in the counties, noth ing for education, nothing for roads and bridges by means of which ninety-nine hundreds of their business is done; i.: short, they escape the whole of the great public burthens. Independent of this crying evil the legislature has neglected and omitted to provide adequately for the equal and just taxation of the railroads by not imposing taxes upon the unex empted portion of the property of par tially exempted roads, or the property of the shareholders of such roads, which right is also declared to be clear and in disputable by the supreme court of the United States which has final jurisdic tion on all such questions. These, among many other things, require immediate and efficient legislation. Have the railroad corporations done their duties to the state for all the pow ers, privileges, immunities and exemp tions conferred upon them, and for the faithful performance of all her duties by the state? They have not. This is the result of my earnest and honest investi gation and search for the truth in these matters for the last ten years. So far from having faithfully performed their obligations' these corporations have generally, habitually and persistently endeavored to elude and avoid every one of their obligations to the public. 'The better to effect these objects they have usurped numerous powers never granted to them. To effect these objects inde pendent of the great powers and privi leges granted to them, they have set up a claim to and exercised sovereign, im perial powers which are now and have always been denied by all free people to any or all their departments of govern ment, and even claimed their own right to exercise them. 1. Among them, and standing at the head of all, is the surrender of the taxing power for the benefit of these monopo lies, the exemption from all taxation for limited periods and a partial and limited exemption forever. 2. The great sovereign "power, under the name of freight and passenger tariffs, fixed by themselves in defiance and con tempt of all public authority to appro priate so much of the portable wealth of the country as may fall into their hands for transportation to their own end as their necessities or rapacity maj dictate. 3. To annihilate what little competi tion is possible in view of the location of the several roads by combinations, pool ings, rebates, bonuses, special contracts, and other artful and illegal practices, and then turn around upon what they sup pose to be the ignorant public and with “wise saws and modern instances,” lec ture them upon the beauties of competi tion, of free trade, when the nature of the business and their own illegal acts have made either impossible, and firmly established an absolute monopoly which nothing can elude, avoid or destroy but the omnipotence of what Ave seek, the law. Mr. Stephenson, the great English engineer and pioneer in railroad build ing, testified before the house of com mons nearly half a century ago, that where combination was possible compe tition could no longer exist; it was worth less. Our experience to-day justifies his wisdom. These corporations further claim the right to discriminate against places, localities and persons at their pleasure; to buy shares or stock, and even whole railroads, within and without the state and do any other thing to the same end of lessening and destroying compe tition, and to “infringe upon the equal rights to the people and the general wel fare of the state.” Many of these claims have no shadow of authority to rest up on, and none of them have the least legal foundation to the extent which is claim ed for them, and all have been condemn ed, as thus claimed by the supreme court of the state and the United States, and all of them have been expressly condemn ed by the people of Georgia in their or ganic law, the constitution of 1877. It simply remains for the legislature to carry out the law of the land, and the will of the people, as thus expressed in CARTERSVILLE, GEORGIA, THURSDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 25, 1879. the organic law of the state, “by appro priate legislation.” * As to the first question, tiie state only demands of the railroad corporations to obey liat clause oi her constitution which declares that “all taxation shall be uni form upon the same class of subjects and ad valorem upon all property taxed.” This demand is fair, just and liberal to these corporations, imposes no other burdens upon them than upon her own natural, God-created children to whom she has never granted a single exclusive privilege. Tne act of 1874, imposing taxes upon railroads is in strict harmony with the constitution. Against these just provis ions, immediately upon the passage of the act of 1874, hitherto, the railroad cor porations made constant war, as well as those who had no pretext, no partial or other exemptions as those who had. They have traveled through the superior and supreme courts of the state, the supreme court of the United States, and in every single case the roads were defeated in whole or in pait, and the principle has been firmly established by the supreme court of the United States, tiie tribunal ot the last resort, and there is not a single dollar of the railroad property in the state of Georgia which is not liable to taxation, equal taxation, with the property of oth er citizens of the state, both for state and for county and municipal taxes. It is true the supreme court of the United States has decided that the Central rail road is protected as to a small portion of her capital invested in her road; also, that the Macon and Augusta and South western roads have also partial exemp tions as to portions of their property, and the Georgia railroad also falls within the principle as to part of her property. But then partial exemptions are only “boons without benefit.” They only go to the mode of taxation. The supreme court liass settled the principle unanimously, and frequently and it is no longer an open question, that an exemp tion, total or partial of the stock, or the road itself from taxation whatever; their objects of taxation are amply suffi cient to carry out the great principle of just taxation established by our laws, and our legislature have only to amend their tax laws in conformity therewith in or der to perform their constitutional duty. So much for taxation. The claim of the railroad companies to enact and execute their own freight and passenger tariffs at their own pleasure, without legislative control, is still more u ten able, illegal and disastrous to so ciety, and ought not to be done a single day by the people. Tolls and tariffs thus levied are simple spoliation in its most odious form. Such a grant of power would he a shame upon the government of Russia, or Turkey, or even the khedive of Egypt, The rail road president and some of their high of ficers are sometimes by their toadies and admirers called kings. If they have this power, they have some claims to the title; if they have it, they certainly have a great and valuable royal prerogative. Not only the modern corsairs, but the old sea-kings and other robber chiefs ex ercised this power—levied clanegeld and other exactions from the unfortunate vic tims of their successful piracies; but even these imposts were levied upon conquer ed enemies—not from friends; not under patented legal grants, but “Under the good old rule, the simple plan, To let him take who has the ]>ower, And him hold on, who can,” This can be the only foundation for such a claim. Ladrue Itollain wrote a book entitled “All Property is Theft.” This is not true; but it is true th?t all property obtained through such legisla tion as is claimed by the railroad corpo rations comes justly under that denun ciation of thal Frenchman. The enormity of this wrong against so ciety can he better illustrated by a few simple facts. When this pretended grant, which never existed at all, was first al leged to have been made, the cost of rail road transportation was from five to ten times as great as it is to-day. The great improvement in the steam engine in its practical form, in the di minution of the fuel necessary to feed it, improvement in the boiler, the construc tion of the cars, in their axles, wheels and indeed in their entire construction, in any part from the cow catcher to the tail of the train—the great discoveries in the improvement of the method of mak ing iron and steel rails, even the tele graph and telephone, all have contributed to this result. In all this these railroad kings have not contributed a particle of brains or labor. Most of these improve ments have rewarded the inventors by patents, exclusive use. When their just claims were legally satisfied, they ought to have fallen into the domain of society, dedicated to humanity. But these mo nopolists have seized them, charged for them, and appropriated diem to their own use. Shame upon them thus to wrong their benefactors. This claim to fix tariffs and pools upon all the elements that enter into the pro duction of commodities which are trans ported over the roilroads, and upon all the productions of labor and land which must be transported, is more valuable to these monopolies than the ownership of the laborer, white and black, and a lee simple title to all the lands which pro duces* the products which they divide among each other. These railroad kings must be deposed; we must make the law king, then we may joyfulty shout, O, king, live forever! The other pretensions of these kings are equally unsupported by law or right. There is uot one Avord in the charters of these companies about through or local rates for passenger or freights; not a word authorizing a charge per mile at a single cent more or less for ten miles than for five hundred miles; not a word that inti mates that from the legal starting point to the legal stopping point is not the meaning and measure ol through rates; not a word allowing discriminations be tAveen persons, bond or free, nor places, not even excepting Americus; not a word discriminating between large shippers and small shippers—between the producer of one bale of cotton and the producer of a thousand bales. These corporations take no power or priwlege except by ex press grant. These are not granted, which closes the case against them. The remedies for these wrongs—for the equal taxation and regulation of railroads, are plain, simple, efficient and sufficient for complete redress. There are others besides a change in the methods of taxa tion. They are somewhat complicated by our external relations. First, the power of congress to regu late commerce with foreign nations, be tween the several states and the Indian tribes. Secondly, the 10th section, article 1, of the constitution of the United States, for bidding the states from passing any law impairing the obligations of railroads. 3d. The right of each state to the legal control of the roads within their respect ive jurisdictions. I have already shown that our legislature must not, ought not and need not to conflict with any of these rights of others. The supreme courts have settled in our favor all we need for equal and just taxation. None of our legislation can run into the jurisdiction of our coterminous sister states, and we have ample remedies for the security of the people. Ist. We have the right of eminent do main ; the right to take all the railroads in the state for public use when the public interest demands it, by paying just com pensations. If we pay just compensa tion only, we can sell for the same after putting them under the law. 2d. The right of legislative repeal of all charters created or renewed since the new code, the Ist of January, 1833. 3d. The right to forfeit by judicial judgment all the cost of charters in the state for violation of the same. These corporations live and move and have their being in daily violations of the constitution and laws of the land, many of which are legal grounds of forfeiture. Some of them, to test the non-payment of lawful taxes, are expressly declared by the code and the tax act of 1874 to be legal grounds of for feiture. This remedy ought now to be applied. It will close the controversy forever in favor of the l ights of the state and the people. I have thus, as briefly as possibly en deavored to define the relations, legal re lations, between the state and the railroad corporations within her bounty, some of the most important of the rights and duties of such, and some of the methods by which they may be effectually enforced by the legislature. The prosperity of the commonwealth demands their enforce ment. The constitution demands it. The true interests of the corporations themselves demand it. It is a simple de mand that rights shall be respected and that justice shall be done. Industry can not revive, prosperity cannot return with oppressive national taxes, state taxes, county taxes, corporation taxes, and, worst of all, railroad spoliations crushing industry and all honest labor and labor ers. The cry for redress is going up throughout the continent. It cannot be stayed by the cry of communion and such like catch-words used to alarm and confound the simple and unwary. The monopolists and the tax-consumers will find that though driven back for a time it will be but the reflex of the advancing, not the receding strength from every breaker, until its pathway may bestrewn by the wrecks of society. It will then be too late for the voice of wisdom, jus tice and moderation to be heard or heed ed. The battle cry of “woe to the van quished” alone Mill be heard amid the jarring elements of discord. R. Toombs. HENRY CLAY. His Baptism and Religious Life—Letter from a St. Louis Clergyman Who Ad ministered the Rite of Baptism. St Louis Globe-Democrat.] Lexington, Ky.. August 27, 1879.- — To the the Rev. Dr. Berkley, St. Louis, Mo.—Dear Sir —Happening in the com pany of an old friend of yours, and a member of your church, I believe, Judge William Bulloch, of Louisville, whom I met at the house of his nephew, Mr. Ed. Shelby, it was remarked that the Hon. Henry Clay had,'before his death, made an open profession of faith in Christ, and had, under your pastoral care, united himself to the Episcopal church, in Lex ington, and that he had been immersed by you instead of being subjected to the usual effusion practiced by your clergy. Would it be asking too much of you to give some particulars of this interesting circumstance; and, if you remember anything of Mr. Clay’s religious life and peculiar views, and what circumstances induced this singular departure from the ordinary course pursued by those who seek entrance into your communion? No biography that I have seen gives any insight into the religious character ol this great man. Merely claiming a sort of general conformity in his later years to the requirements of religion, they are si lent as to what would most interest pious readers. By your kind compliance you will greatly oblige, Yours truly, W. L. Hyland. ANSWER. St. Louis, Sept. 10, 2379. —To the Rev. W. L. Ryland, Lexington,. Ky.— Dear Sir: Your letter in reference to the baptism and religious views of the Hon. Henry Clay was duly received. The associations surrounding the life of a great man are always of general in terest. And it is a pleasure to know that, after a man has been dead twenty-seven years, there should be one, at least, to revive his memory by inquiring into his personal religious history—the manner of his life and of his death. 1 had supposed that the circumstances connected with the baptism of Mr. Clay had passed into history. 1 have written a number of private letters on this sub ject, which do not seem to have reached the public eye. I propose, as you have elsewhere given your consent, to answer your letter through the public press, that the people at large may, one for all, be possessed of the fact as well as you. 1 baptized Mr. Clay in his parlor, at Ashland, at the same time administering this ordinance to his daughter-in-law, Mrs. Thomas Clay, and four of her chil dren, on the 22d of June, 1847, a few special friends only being present. The water was applied by the hand out of a large cut-glass urn,* which, among his many rare presents, had been given to him by a manufacturer of such wares in Pittsburgh, Pa. It was said this urn was the largest piece of cut-glass then known, and it was most fittingly bestowed on the greatest man, in some respects, that this country ever produced. Immediately after Mr. Clay’s baptism a religious newspaper in Louisville, whose “icish was lather to the thought,” announced that he had been “baptized in one of the beautiful ponds of Ashland.” The erroneous announcement led the people astray, and some of them have never gotten back to the truth. It may be of interest to you to know that in the baptismal service of the Pro testant Episcopal church there are certain questions asked which the candidate is supposed to answer from the book. See ing Mr, Clay did not have a prayer-book in his hand, I suggested that the use of oue might enable him to more readily an swer the questions. He replied, “I think I shall oe able to answer them. And the readiness with which he answered, and his familiarity with the service gave evi dence that he had made it a personal study, and was read}' to stand by his declarations. You intimate in your letter that you would like to know something more about his religious character than this bare fact. In a very concise way I propose to gratify you. For nineteen years, between the years 183 Sand 1858, I was the rector of Christ church, Lexington, Kj r ., where Mr. Clay and family worshipped. For four teen years of that period, up to the time of his death, in 1852, I was on intimate terms with him, saw him often when he was at home. He always had a profound respect for the Christian religion, and often express ed it to me, as he had frequently done, by the way, in public speeches. lie was involved in the turmoil and vi cissitudes of public life, which he thought uncongenial to an avowal of his faith, and waited until he saw the end of that life before taking the solemn step which bound him to Christ and His church. At his house, at his office, and by the way, our conversations often turned to this subject, but not till he felt that he was done with the cares of office, an 1 had retired from the United States senate, did he give his great mind and heart completely to the matters which concern the future life, and lie fulfilled with great earnestness his long-formed religious purpose. I have stated before that he was bap tized on the 22d of June, 1847, when he was seventy years old. He was confirm ed in the chapel of Morrison College, where my congregation then worshipped, while erecting anew church (in which, by the way, he took great personal inter est), on the 18th of July, after having made his first communion on the 4th day of the same month. He died in Wash ington City on the 28th of June, 1852, and his body, in its transit from Wash ington, under the charge of six senators, was claimed to lay in suite, in some pub lic hall, in all the cities through width it passed on its way to Lexington, and I officiated at his funeral at that city on the 10th of Julj T . Mr. Clay was an earnest man. He did nothing by halves. When his mind be came fully engaged in reference to his re ligious duty he seized and discussed ev ery vital question relating to this subject with earnestness and emotion. When the sacrament of baptism was the matter of conversation, the mode in which it should be aministered was never suggested by the one or the other. Of course it was his purpose to receive it in . the ordinary way in which ministers of the Protestant Episcopal church are ac customed to confer it. After asking me to relate if I “remem ber anything of Mr. Clay’s religions life and peculiar views,” you wish to know', supposing Mr. C. to have been baptized by immersion—which was not the case— “what circumstances induced this singu lar departure from the ordinary course pursued by those who seek entrance into your (our) communion.” I could write many things and record interesting incidents and anecdotes of Mr. Clay.’s life, as a lawyer, a statesman, and a Christian (which will probably die with me); but, as the latter is now the special subject of this letter, I can only say that he had no peculiar religious views beyond those which relate to the staple doctrines of the gospel. He loved the church for her regularity and order and the exceeding dignity and fitness with which her worship was offered. But he cared more for Christ and his mer ciful atonement. I cannot help relating here an incident in illustration of this statement which oc curred early in my ministry, lie was more affected by any tender and pathetic utterence than any listener I ever had before me. The incident I allude to was my having preached on a Sunday morn ing with more of myself in the sermon than Christ. (1 was a young man then.) I dined with him and his family the next day. Alter dinner we were walking through the beautiful grounds of Ash land, and he alluded to the sermon of the da}' before, complimenting the style and delivery as a mere public speech, but added, when I go to church I like to hear something in the sermon that will guide a sinner to his Saviour.” How the times have changed! Without expressing my mortification at the just rebuke, when I had foolishly used my office in the at tempt, as l supposed, to please a great man and a great orator, I determined from that day to preach nothing but Christ and Him crucified, and I have mainly kept to my purpose His faith in the divine authenticity of Christianity, and the atonement made by the Lord Jesus Christ for the sin of the world, was as simple as that of a child. It was enough for him to know, as he more than once said to me in substance, that, “God so loved the world as to give his only begotten Son, that whosoever be lieveth in him should not perish, but should have everlasting life.” Now, about the “singular departure,” as you express it, supposing Mr. Clay to have been baptized by immersion. The Protestant Episcopal Church holds that the Scriptures do not decide the mode of administering this ordinance, but each applicant for the holy sacrament shall receive it according to his preference, either by affusion or immersion, so that there is a proper application of water, by a proper administrator, in the name of the Holy Trinity. During my residence and rectorate in Lexington, I administered this ordinance to a number of persons by immersion. The candidates being reared under the belief that there was no baptism without immersion, and seeking union with one of the oldest churches in the world, they preferred to receive the ordinance in this inode. And what large numbers of oth er Christian people do not understand, and Baptists particularly, is the fact the baptismal office in the prayer-book of the Protestant Episcopal Church prescribes immersion as one of the modes of convey ing this sacrament. The directions given to the clergyman when he is about to administer the rite, is: “Here the minister shall take the can didate by the right hand and then shall dip him in the water, or pouring water upon him, saying, I baptize thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost, Amen.” This pre scription is given in reference to infants, as well as to adult persons. The church leaves this unsettled question of Scrip ture to be decided by the person who asks for the sacred ordinance of baptism. I simply state the fact without any pur pose‘of controversy. You will find some of the facts which you seek in reference to Mr. Clay’s reli gious life in a letter I wrote in answer to one from the Rev. Dr. Butler, chaplain to the United States senate in 1852, and who attended Mr. Clay in his last sick ness, recorded in Colton’s Life, and also in the speech made at his funeral. When Mr. Clay died the authorities and the people of Lexington determined to celebrate his recurring birthday, and to observe it all along, as a fitting tribute to the memory of her great citizen. Such a celebration was held on the 12th of April, 1853, when the officers of the state and other distinguished people, and numerous societies from various parts, assembled at that city. The honor had been conferred on me to make the oration of the day; and gathering material for this purpose I had access t> t’.e archives of Asland and traditions troin the family; but from my present recollection I did not declare in that oration the conclusion to which my researches had led me, which was, that you might find men who possessed in a small measure his magnet ic power: some also his eloquence, but that was peculiar to the man; some his courage; some his political knowledge; some his learning in the law and the con stitution, but no man who ever first saw the light of this land was his equal in the NUMBER 11. possession of all these elements of char acter combined. And, viewing him in all the grandeur and stateliness of his remarkable person, and his inflexibility in adhering to what he believed to be right, with the combi nation of bis wonderful powers, “we shall not look upon his like again.” 1 am very truly yours, etc., Ed. F. Bkrkley, Rector of St. Peter’s Church. MR. STEPHENS IN LOUISVILLE. Louisville Courier-Journal, 16tli. The testimonial to Hon. Alexandei 11. Stephens last night at the Exposition can safely be called unparalleled. It was a deference of the masses to a man who will be a historic character. At a quarter of eight o’clock the Louis ville Legion, the committee from the board of trade and the otiieers of the ex position, with Eiehhorn’s band, went to the Galt house, where Mr. Stephens was met and placed in a carriage. He was driven to the exposition, the band head ing the piece ssion aid pla\ ing stii ra g music. It was some time before Mr. Stephens could be taken from the carriage, owing to the plunging of the horses, but he was eventually placed into the building through the door at the north west corner, the music and the soldier boys preceding him. The crowd that proceeded around the platform erected for the speakers, the board of trade and others, and that bent expectantly over the railing above, was probably the largest and more intelli gent that ever assembled in the exposi tion, and showed how familiar the name of Alexander 11. Stephens is to the peo ple of Kentucky. It was an old-fash ioned, whole-souled, large-hearted Ken tucky greeting that was extended the southern gentleman. When everything was ready and the fountain stopped splash ing, and the crowd was one of silent ex pectancy, Mr. 11. C. Pindell, one of the vice-presidents of the exposition, arose and welcomed Mr. Stephens shortly and pointedly. Mr. Stephens’s response was delivered from iiis movable chair. In spite of his bodily weakness his voice is still good, and at times it rings like a clarion in a mountain defile. It was noticed that whenever he wished to emphasize any point they would roll his chair first on the right, and then on the left, and finally forward. These movements are the substitutes used by him for gestures, and they rendered his speeehe very remarka ble. His address was of an hour’s length and enchained attention. No Roman taker could have been ac corde 1 greater homage; no Pagan chariot, with the spoils of hostile cities “to deck the shrines of Rome” in its wake, ever oc casioned greater enthusiasm, than the chair of the invalid statesman. When he began to speak the crowd gathered closer, and increased momentarily. By the statuary the stacked their arms, and the boys were drawn up in line: We give in conclusion of Mr. Steph ens’s address. It is true that the thirteen original col onies were all separate and distinct. They came into thirteen states, all separate and distinct, each having all the functions of lif *, ea *h a sepa rate and independent organism, yet all miraculously and lined Together by a fed eral head. The federal bound united the wliole. But they were not, all ex actly alike. They had the same insti tutions in many respects, but not until the late chastisement, not until the most lamented war, were they exactly alike. Some called slave states. I am not go ing to speak of that subject, whether properly slave of subordination of race. Let that all go. They were not ex actly alike, but now, through the sacri fice of blood and chastisement of war, they are not all alike—from Maine, to California all alike. [Applause.] Now, then for the future. Adminis ter the government, as it ought to be, maintain this grand law, that justice shall be done to all—the humblest and the low est without distinction of race and color. That is the grand law, that no man shall hurt another, and here permit me to re fer to the dogma that is more mischiev ous in our nation than any other, and it is frequently attributed to American in stitutions—the greatest good to the great est number. No such thing. The true Jeffersonian and American doctrine now at least is the greatest good to all without injury to a single one. This is our doctrine. It extends from the highest to the lowest circle —from the humblest laborer to the wealthiest man in the country —justice to all. ours}s tem is founded upon the idea that all so ciety is based upon the interchonge of la bor and reciprocal services. That is our grand system. Now, in co c’.i s on, shall we, may we, indulge this hope for the future? Let your exposition go on. Let genius be awakened in every department. En courage the lowest as well as the high est ranks. By to doing, in the future may we not indulge in the hope that this vision of the prophet may* be applicable to this country and not only thirty-eight states each separate within its own sphere but linked together by a common spirit, a federal head —that we may not only have thirteen or thirty or thirty-eight, but may we not take in the whole coun try in a grand federal republic, the most magnifieient gevernment that was ever instituted by men. [Applause.] Every state governing itself in accordance with this principle of justice, Maine, Ken tucky, Wisconsin, California and the in fant territories of Wyoming and Dako tah, and you may drop down and take up Arizona—who cares if the number be comes a hundred, it will be a grander troup in the future, each one performing his own functions in its own sphere, all connected with this grand federal head, moving on handsomely so that whatso ever the common spirit goes all the other will go together, and the monarchsof the earth will look into amazement at this grand phenomenon of the American Sys tem of self-government. Then indeed, when we all move together in perfect harmony, and the nations of the earth may look on in wonder as the proph et and hear the motion of all together as the noise of the great waters, even of the Almighty. At the conclusion the crowd cheered most vociferously, and a great many la dies and gentlemen came upon the stand and shook hands with the speaker. He was taken into the press-room, where he was the recipient of more courtesies, and where this party drank his health in goblets of sparkling champagne. Do we Believe in Witch-Craft? “I take the position that we do not, in its broad sense, said a gentleman of years and experiece, and yet we find many of the present day carrying a Buckeye in their pocket through a kind of supersti tion, when they might be relieved by a few applications of Tabler’s Buckeye Pile Ointment.” This Ointment is made from the Buckeye, and is recommended for nothing else but Piles. Try it. It will cure you. Price 50 cents a bottle. For sale by D. W. Curry. RATES OF ADVERTISING. Advertisements will be inserted at the rates of One Dollar per inch for the first insertion, and Fifty Cents for each additional insertion. CONTRACT BATES. Space. 1 mo. 3 mos. 6 mos. 1 year. One inch, $2 50 *5 00 |T 60 110 00 Two inches, 375 750 i2 50 18 00 Three inches, 500 10 00 17 50 25 00 Four inches, 625 12 50 22 50 82 00 Fourth column 750 15 00 25 00 40 00 Half column, 15 00 25 00 40 00 60 00 One column, 20 00 40 00 60 00 100 00