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NIGHT LAW SCHOOL ATTORNEY’S HOBBY Helps Stenographers and Clerks to Legal Degrees. Okmulgee, Okla.—A law school which holds classes at night, so clerks, stenographers and others who must earn a llvllhood during the day may satisfy an ambition to become lawyers, Is run as a hobby by \V. L. Merwine, Okmulgee attorney. Merwine. too, must work In the day, ns Im la dependent on Ids professional practice. The law school, he says, Is Ids contribution to Ids city. Merwine Is dean of the school and the students are Its otllcers. Several members of the Okmulgee hnr help the enterprise by teaching subjects with which they are most familiar. The classes meet In the basement of the city library. Twenty-six graduates have taken the state bar examination and only one of them has failed. Miss Jewell Russell of Tulsa, who last spring re ceived the highest grades In the Okla homa bar tests, began the study of law under Denn Merwine. Does Not Seek Students. The Okmulgee school does not seek students. Persons In other states and In other Oklahoma cities have asked whether they may enroll, but the dean has advised thorn to go elsewhere If possible, explaining the Institution Is intended for Okmulgee men and wom en who must work. The school had Its beginning several years ago, when three young men, em ployed in an abstractor's olllee, asked Merwine whether lie would devote n small amount of Ids time to instructing thorn la law. The school was Incorporated In 1020 nnd the students divided into senior and junior classes. Since then a score or more of ambitious young men and women have attended the night meet ings. • Laggards Drop Out. "The students enroll because they have n real desire to learn,” Merwine says. “A person In the class'who does not apply himself soon finds tils sur- rounflings uncomfortable nnd some what tn shame drops out. For those willing to work, however, there Is the utmost co-operntlon.” To meet expenses the school charges tuition of $50 n year, hut this Is as sessed at the convenience of lhe sin- dents, some paying In monthly Install ments and others waiting until gradua tion. Dean Merwine was horn In Ohio In lSfll. Mo worked Ids way through TTiilo Northern university at Ada and later practiced law at Columbus In partnership with Charles TV. Allison, a first cousin of President McKinley. ZOO 13 HOBBY OF j BULGARIAN KINC Boris Collects Animals Front All Parts of World. Soda, Bulgaria.—Among royal hob-, bles of European monarchal the zoo logical garden ot King Boris attracts particular Interest because of its value as a national acquisition, as well hs a means of amusement for the king. ; Like Ids father, King Ferdinand, King Boris is nil enthusiastic student of naturni science, nnd has continued the work started by his father, the founder of (lie royal zoological gar-, don of Sofia, until It has become one of the finest In Europe. Rare specimens of animals from all parts of the world have been collected l'or the king’s zoo, and Boris is con-' stoutly sending representatives to dif ferent quarters of the globe to gather additions to Ids collection. , The zoo, although belonging to and maintained by the king, Is open to the public. It Is In every respect modern ized nnd adapted for the acclimatiza tion of the animals brought to it. Three hundred species of auimul are now In the zoo, comprising more than 1,800 specimens, among them lions. from Abyssinia and Senegal, Indian elephants, zebras from Rhodesia, American blsons, Tibetan jackals and llamas, African leopards and mnny other mammals, as well ns a fine collection of birds nnd fish. The king himself lias bunted many of the animals and birds for the zoo. Only a few yenrs ago be found in the mountains of Bulgaria some beautiful specimens of the rare bearded eagle, which lie captured. The Royal zoo logical garden here now boasts the only pair of mates of the bearded eagle In captivity. The zoologlcnl garden which be founded continues to be the chief In terest of his son. New Mesa Verde Coal Produces Much Wax Pittsburgh, Pa.—Over three gallons of wax has been extracted from one 'ton of Utah eon* !« the United States bureau of mines laboratory here. The wax Is essentially the ordi narily known stuff used in candles. The coal yielding the wax Is Mesa Verde, one of the least-known In the United States nnd one of the most recent, that Is, eoal which was formed In geological times that are recent ns compared with eastern coals. The bureau of mines first extracted the tar from the Utah coni, getting about thirty-two gallons from a ton, and then from the tar obtained It per cent of wax. In announcing the re search the bureau says: "It Is sug gested that the high wax content of tars of this tort might he directly exploited to yield an Important In crease in by-products with very little preliminary development work.” Spider Is Called a Harmless Fellow Gainesville, Fla.—C. B. Merrill, as sistant entomologist of the Florida state plant board, can’t understand why people think spiders arc poison ous. Maybe It’s because they look that way. Anyhow, they’re wrong. Merrill says those familiar with the facts know the only spider considered dan gerous is the half-inch long, jet black fellow with a reddish mark shaped like an hour glass on the under side of Ids abdomen. He may have a lot of other tricks, too, If anyone wants to stop long enough to see. Ills home Is outdoors, usually under, loosely plied boards or firewood. Plan to Utilize Power From River Shannon Dublin, Ireland.—Where the River Shannon flows Ireland has launched n scheme to develop electrical power. The Free State government financed a project, costing $25,000,000 and Is attempting tu enlist public support by Inviting every one to visit the scene of construction work. Within a period of several months ‘o.dttO persons have made the trip nnd been shown through the plant by government guides. The Free State Is the smallest consumer of electricity in Europe and the authorities are anxious to arouse public interest and a demand for better facilities. Population of China Stationary 200 Years Peking.—Gen. IIo Clii-kung, the Nationalist mayor of Peking, has launched a campaign to Increase China’s birthrate, lie was Indignant at the discovery that China’s popula tion had remained stationary at 400,- 000,000 for more than 200 years. Mayor llo, a Chinese scholar, about thirty years old, says that, according to a census taken in the days of Em peror Clden Lung, there were 400,- 000,000 Chinese then. Though more than two centuries have passed, yet China’s population Is still recorded at 400,000,000, while llie populations of the United States, Great Britain, Ja pan, Russia, Germany nnd France have shown remarkable Increases. The mayor attributes this partly to the backward state of Chinese med ical science, which has permitted a high mortality rate to develop among the poorer class. England Moves Five Meters in 300 Years Paris.—That the distance between England and France has Increased five meters during the last 300 years Is one of the possible deductions from new longitude reckonings made pub lic by the Paris observatory. The longitude between Paris and Greenwich taken In the reign of Louis XIV in the Seventeenth cen tury was 9 minutes 20 seconds and 93 hundredths of a second. The new measurements reveal a difference of two hundredths of a second, which reduced to linear measurement is five meters or about five yards und a half. Scientists point out that the differ ence may be due to the greater ac curacy of modern instruments. On the other hand, it may also be due to the generally accepted theory of tli" movements of the continents. The World Moves New York.—George M. Bistany, hunter, Is going to Africa with the firm intention of not returning until he can bring a white rhinoceros alive from the Sudan. It has never been done yet. Winning Smile Malden, Mass.—Thomas J. Gnrrity, letter carrier, has received a $1,000 check. For 40 years he has delivered mall to Mrs. Bessie L. Eaton. “He Is a fine man who dally gi’eeted me with a smile and a word nj cheer,” she said, ;(explaining her gift. Tackles Big Job Mexico City.—Antonio Rios Zer- tuche, Inspector general, has institut ed a reform In the police department. For years policemen carried oil lan terns. Now they have pocket Hash- lights. 133 Americans Take Citizenship in Mexico Mexico City.—In the last twen ty yenrs 133 Americans have given up their United States citizenship to become naturalized Mexicans. The Americans occupy sixth place In the list of foreigners who' have taken out Mexican citizenship papers In the period mentioned. Chinese to the num ber of 1,147 became Mexicans, as did 028 panlards, 179 Syr ians, 170.Germans and 150 Jap anese. A total of only 3,202 persons became naturalized Mexicans in this time. Blaine for the re duced figure is placed at the doors of unstable Internal con ditions and wlrnt Is termed an antiquated, over-seveie natural ization law. The government now is at work on a new and more lenient-law. RUSS OFFICER r"v NAME TO FOOL C2A.: Buried With Great Cere mony in Empty Cachet. Berlin.—Among the strange stories being dug out ol the archives ol tIn Russia of the czars by Soviet invest! gators and writers is one concerning Paul L, the “mud czar,” whose brlel und stormy rule was brought t,i an end In 1 SOI by his assassination by a group of otllcers. Tills tale, as given In the German press, runs as follows: •‘One day Czar Paul was awakened from Ids midday siesla by a load cry for help outside Ids door, lie angrily ordered Ills adjutant to give him the name of the wretch who had dared in terrupt Hie Imperial nap. The adju tant was in a pickle for a moment, hut a happy thought saved the day. lie answered calmly that the offender was ‘Lieut. As Well As.’ Only a Name. "Now tills ‘Lieut. As Well As’ laid a strange history, lie existed only on the rolls of his regiment, thanks to the mistake of a clerk who, In copying the names of Lieutenants PelrolT, Souiinoff, ns well ns IvanolT, had in error writ ten ‘As Well As' In capitals. When the mistake was discovered it was too late to make a correction, as llie order was about to he submitted to the czar for Ids signal lire. Consequently, (he regi mental commander decided to enter ‘Lieut. As Well As' on the rolls, so that the czar would have no occasion to reprove him for the mistake. "This was the nonexistent officer named by the adjutant as the dis turber of Paul's slumbers. Tne irate ruler ordered the offender to he sent to Siberia at onoe on foot and added a penalty of 100 lashes for good meas ure. There was nothing else to do but to continue the game. An escort of four soldiers was sent to Siberia, and from tj-vory Important stage of the route reports were dispatched to the czar telling of the ‘victim’s’ hard ships. Remembers Victim. “About two years later the czar suddenly recollected the case of the exiled ollieer, am in a moment of mag nanimity, pardoned him. From then on Paul kept ‘Lieut. As Well As’ in mind. Soon lie made him a major and a few months later a general. Then (lie af fair began to get risky, ns the czar ex pressed a desire fiersonnlly to meet Ids new general. As llie members of Ids entourage dared not ask another ollieer to play the part of ’Gen. As Well As,’ the czar was informed that the general was suffering from a seri ous illness, and a few days later it was announced that the valiant warrior had die, ‘Gen. As Well As’ was hur led with full military honors. The whole regiment escorted (he empty coffin to the grave; every detail was carefully observed and the name of the general was entered upon the list of dead dignitaries.” PIRATE ISLANDS NOW AID CANAL COMMERCE Private Citizens Aid Migratory Bird Survey Ware Shoals, S. U.—How the United States Department of Agricul ture is aided b,y private citizens In obtaining data on the habits and life histories of migratory birds was re vealed here by W. T. O’Sliields. Capturing a chimney swift, O’Sliields found it carried an aluminum leg band on which were numerals. He sent the numbers to the bureau of biological survey, which Informed him that the bird was handed a year ago at Tallahassee, Fla., by Charles O. Handley and II. L. Stoddard. The information revealed by the bird's (light, the bureau said, will be valu able to its study of bird life in America. ' The bureau added that such volun tary assistance on the part of persons anywhere in the country can be aug mented by prompt reports on tagged birds. South China Aspires to Economic Rebirth Canton, China.—“Trade revival and promotion of native Industries,” is the slogan of South China merchants, who are seeking, to stage a comeback from Hie lean times experienced dur ing the [mst yGur. Co-operation with the government to eliminate communism, harmonious terms with labpr, eliminate the for eign middlemen with Chinese and stilt other phrases are being passed about throughout the province of Kwang- iitng as Canton's merchant princes seek a trade revival and the prosperity that lias not been Canton’s for years. At a conference of delegates from provincial chambers of commerce, held here and attended by 300 repre- | sentallves from all parts of the prov ince, appeals were made for unified of forts toward a general trade revival. Two Classic Gardens The two most celebrated wits of the world have each of them left us a par ticular picture of a garden; wherein those great masters, being wholly tin confined, nnd painting at pleasure, may be though; to have given lt full idea of what they esteemed most ex i coilent In this way. These (one may observe) consist entirely of Hie useful part of horticulture,*• fruit trcea, herbs water, etc.- The pieces I am speaking ot are Virgil's acemitil ot the garden of the old ('nrycinii, and limner's ot that o! Alciimtis.—Pope, in The I Guardian. AVERAGE Cl1R CONTAINS COTTON BAGS COTTON BALE 2G9 000 BALES YEARLY WRAPPING ^ 120,000 BALES TIRES 219,000,000 LBS.IN 1927 UPHOLSTERY TOPS CURTAINS CARPETS PADDING LININGS ELECTRICAL INSULATION RUBBER TUBING BRAKEBANDS TIRE COVERS TENTS AND SPORTING GOODS AIRPLANES AND DIRIGIBLES SE/ARS-ROEBUCK AGRICULTURAL FOUNDATION King Cotton lias greatly extended his dominions In the Industrial field In recent years und Ids scouts are constantly looking for new regions to con quer, says the Sears-Roebuck Agricultural Foundation. The fiber has ten thousand* uses and more are befng discovered every year. These new uses and the extension of old uses have maintained or lncreasd per capita consumption of cotton in spite of the reduced dimensions of women’s dresses and competi tion from other textiles. Formerly, cotton was used nlmost entirely for clothing, but other uses are taking an increasing share of the crop. Among the many Industrial out lets are automobile tires, auto bodies, cotton bagging and baling, airplane cloths, rubber goods, artificial leather, awnings, wall coverings, traffic mark ers, power belting, electrical insulators, cleavage und binder cloths in road construction, gears, truck wheels, and other machinery parts. Tire production in the United States requires about 500,000 bales of cot ton annually. In 1927, 219,000,000 pounds of cotton fabrics were used in tire production, according to the Rubber Association of American. Colton Is used also by the nuto industry for upholstery, tops, curtains, carpets, tire covers, padding, linings, electrical insulation, rubber tubing, and brake bands. All these uses were relatively unimportant twenty years ago. Cotton bags used in the wholesale grocery trade for sugar, flour, salt, coffee, potatoes, and similar commodities require about 200,000 bales of raw cotton and waste every ygar. The cement industry consumes cotlon bugs equivalent to about 45,000 bales, the bakery trade, 20,000 bales, nnd the fer tilizer Industry, 4,000 bales. Bags for handling coal, mail and money also take small amounts. It is estimated that if cotton bags were used for packag ing nil commodities to which they are adapted In the wholesale grocery trade alone, about GOO.OOO bales of raw cotton and waste would be required an nually. If cotton cloth were used ns a bale covering on 00 per cent of the average cotton crop, about 120,000 bales would be required for bnggirg. It is esti mated that the withdrawal of this amount, chiefly of low grades, from the supply would raise the seasonal average price of cotton by about 5 ,i cent a pound, or $1.25 a bale. This would be about enough to pay for the covering, so that producers in the aggregate would, In effect, get their bagging with out cost. Tests have shown that cotton lias advantages over jute bagging through making a neater package, reducing dead weight and lessening waste in removing from the bale, but jute coverings cost less except in years of extremely low’ cotton prices. Attempts are being made to produce a light cotton bagging that can be sold in competition with jute. Uotton textiles nre more extensively used In aviation than any other fabric and this use is growing rapidly. Its lightness, strength, durability un der vibration, ease of repair and low cost make lt the best textile for tills purpose. The outer covering of the Graf Zeppelin contained 20,000 square yards of cotton cloth and 40,000 square yards were used in Its 30 gas cells. Cotton manufacturers have found it possible to increase the popularity of cotton clothing through more attention to design, harmonizing patterns with style tendencies, faster colors nnd using competitive fibers with cot ton. As- a result of these efforts, cotton dresses are in greater vogue at present than for several years. The use of lOS-inch bedsheeta rather than t'.ie 90-inch length sometimes sold Is a means of extending the use of cotton in an old and standard prod uct, and opens up an additional outlet for 30,000,000 square yards of wide sheeting annually. Awning manufacturers have launched a three-year cam- i’ palgn to increase the use of their product and estimate the possible gain In their market at 25,000,000 square yards annually. The use of cotton traffic -markers In place of paint on city streets is estimated to require 5,000,000 square yards of cotton fabric a year. Cloth to make a clenvage plane In cement roads will take about 5,000,000 square yards this year and Its use as a binder in putting an asphalt surface on ordinary roads opens up an Immense market. Every mile of such road would use a minimum of 3,520 square yards of fabric. The United States Department of Agriculture, the Department of Com merce, find the Cotton Textile Institute nre co-operating in a survey of the utilization of cotton, trying to find in what industries it is used nnd whore Its use may be extended. They have found cotton being used in 150 differ ent ways on the farm, aside from the household. Household uses, aside from clothing, number over 100. Railroads use cotton in over 40 different ways Building trades make considerable use of cotton. Modern steamboats use mucl more cotton goods tlinn sailing vessels. The development of new uses and the extension of old uses are essen tial to sustained, progress of the cotton Industry from the standpoint of hot 1 cotton producers and manufacturers, the Foundation asserts. Efforts in tliii direction deserve warm support. Award Left to Women The Publisher’s Weekly says: “The French Fomina Vie Ten reuse prize of 5,000 francs Is awarded annually on the same day as llie Goncourt prize. It is offered conjointly hy the Femina, n magazine much like the American Vogue, and the Vie lieu- reuse, njioflier French monthly perl odical, to the host work of Imagina tion in the French language, prose or poetry, hy n man or woman. The unique tiling about lids prize Is that (lie jury of award is made up entirely of French women writers." Beautiful Italian Lake Lake Como is classified as the most beautiful and celebrated of tlie llaliiin lakes, situated in Lombardy, at the western foot of the Bergainese Alps. 30 miles north c.f Milan. Its elevu tion is 050 feet, Its area uhnut 55V> square miles. Its greatest length t.’i miles, its greatest width not quite 3 miles and its greatest depth 1,305 feet. The southern part divides m Bcllaggio into two arms—tlie eastern called Lake Lecco, the western retain ing the name Lake Como, nnd having the city of Como at its extremity. Artis’ Cdcl Instinct Perhaps tlie strangest of living wentlier prophets are certain stnail yellow ants, common in Florida which build H eir nests In the sandy soil. Twenty-four hours at least before a heavy rain those creatures become busy, carrying their grubs up from their underground tunnels Into die upper stories o( their mound How these eyeless Inserts nre aware ol tlie coming change is beyond man's understanding, but their instinct Is certain, and it is an instinct that nev er fails them. Science Warns Industry Of Benzol Poison Perii Washington.—Benzol poisoning lias been found u distinct health hazard In mnny chemical laboratories as well as in certain manufacturing plains, re ports J. J. Bloomfield of the United States public health service, in lab oratories in which tests nre made in connection with rubber, paint, oil and varnish, benzol is extensively used not only In the tests but as a solvent for cleaning apparatus and the ldnub and arms of the workers. The concontrnti "■ more than KM parts of benzol io e»cry million parts of air in the workroom constitutes a henllli hazard. Substitutes for this sub stance are recommended to lie used us far as possible, particularly fm cleaning. The number of white blood cells is considerably reduced in chronic ben zol poisrning. and the nature of the cells also undergoes change. Routine physical examinations of the workers. Ineluding examination of llie blood, are recommended upon employment and frequently thereafter, as a means of checking this condition in plan's where benzol cannot be dispensed with altogether. Confusion as to Ownership Is C!e?.?ed Up. Washington, D, A recent agree ment among (lie United States, Nic aragua and Colombia in regard to a l!P,n(|flll Of litlle Islands and low-lying sand banks In (lie western Caribbean sou clears up n long-standing con fusion as to their ownership und con trol. They nre bits of >lnnd that, de spite their smallness, may lie of con siderable Importance in the years ahead, according to a bulletin from the Washington (D. C.) headquarters of the National Geographic society. They lie from 40 to 225 miles off the eastern coast of Nicaragua. Once Lair3 of Buccaneers. "The group of isles, keys, and banks, rising from relatively shallow water, 1 and similar ones to the north, nlmost form a harrier across the Caribbean,” says the bulletin. “Parallel to the eastern side of this near-barrier and close to It is the teeming ship lane that extends from the Panama canal to llie passage between Culm and Haiti and thence on to the eastern ports of the United States. If the Nicaraguan canal Is ever built, the main stream of traffic to its Atlantic' entrance must pass even closer to Hie shallow waters marked by the scat tered Islands. “A stream of ships lias been moving along these routes ever since early Spanish colonial days. And from some of lliese isles buccaneers swooped out to prey on the galleons that took' treasure from Panama and Cartagena north toward Cuba and Haiti. “All of the islands and keys af fected by the recent three-cornered agreement have long been claimed by Colombia, yet that country Is 400' miles from the nearest of the isles, while they are relatively close to Nic-, aragua, Honduras, Costa Rica and Panama. It must be recalled, how ever, that Colombia, until n quarter of a century ago, embraced the entire j Isthmus o/ Panama, and that its claim to some of the islands runs back a century or more. When Panama was a 1 part of Colombia, some of the islands were almost as close to the territory of the latter country ns to Nicaragua. “By Hie recent treaty the islands were divided into three groups. The northern group, comprising Quito | Sueno, berrnna and Roncndor banks nnd keys tire claimed hy both the United Stains and Colombia. The j United States maintains on each of them a lighthouse to aid navigation. It was agreed that Colombia shall raise no objection to tills use of the keys; and Hint on the other hand the, United States shall not object to Co lombians fishing over the banks nnd j near the keys. Only small areas of sand and coral rise above the waters, nnd tlie tiny patches cannot be used save as sites for lights, and ns tem porary bases for fishing operations. “The middle group consists chiefly of true islands: I’rovidencln or Old Providence and St. Andrew or San Andres are tlie principal ones. Santa Catalina, sometimes listed separately, is virtually a part of Providenein, be ing separated from lt by a narrow channel only. San Andres, seven miles , long nnd an average of one mile wide, is tlie largest of (lie group. On it Is a considerable settlement, San Andres village, which is the seat of Colombian government for tlie island territory. On tlie entire, middle grout) nearly 3,000 people live. Among thorn nre a number of American planters nnd mnny Jamaica negroes. A ridge of ^ hills, with crests reaching 310 feet In ■ height, runs down tlie center of San Andres. Nicaraguan Islands Leased. “The third group covered by the agreement consists of two islands, Great Corn and Little Corn, only 40 miles from Hie Nicaraguan coast. j ! These are also true islands ns dls-j tiuguislied from the outlying keys. The claim of Nicaragua was recog- j nized to these bits of land. Great Corn is two nnd a half miles long hy two miles wide and Little Corn is about one and a half miles long. Hills sev eral hundred feet in height rise on Great Corn while Little Corn lias an elevation of about 50 feet. About 300 people live on Great Corn nnd use Little Corn, seven miles away, ns pasture land for their cattle, i “Great Corn nnd Little Corn are likely to lie Hie most important of all tlie islands to tlie United States since they lie only a few miles off the At lantic entrance to tlie proposed Nic araguan canal. Botli nre under lease to Hie United States government. ! “The four true islands, Providenein, Sun Andres, Great Corn, and Little Corn, are well nigh Ideal places to live In the Tropics. All tire free from swamps and healthful. Tlie land, prob ably of volcanic origin, is fertile and grows vegetables, tropical fruits nnd coconuts to perfection. It was on these ! islands, hack in tlie Sixteenth and Seventeenth centuries, Hint some of tlie most notorious of the pirates of the Spanish Main had theii lairs.” Quite Different Tlie golfing novice finished his first gnme and airily handed Ids score card lo llie secretary, with tlie remark: "Two below bogey I" “But,” protested Hie official, “this is nowhere near bogey!” The novice looked hurt. “Compare Hie score," lie said, "with tlie figures on (lie card, and you’ll see The secretary looked. “Great Scott, man,’’ lie roared, "that's tlie length of tlie course in yards." Fishermen on Skis In Dungeness, England, it Is shingly, Hint the fishermen wear kind "t ski which enables them walk with ease along the vast stretch of shingle. It is made ot a fiat piece of wot that straps onto the foot, very nun after t!>» umiinet of the ski, and makes walking quite a pleasure who without I belli tt is almost Lnpossib lo get along.