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Sales of NEGROES muat be made at a public auction
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Notice for the sale of Personal Property must be given in
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Notice to the Debtors and Creditors of an estate must be
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Notice that application will be made to the Court of Or
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FOUR MONTHS.
Notice for leave to aril NEGROES must be publiahed
for FOUR MONTHS, before any order absolute shall be
made thereon by the Court.
•Citation's for letters of Administration, must be publish
ed thirty (In i/i— fer dismission from administration, month
ly tt z months—fa dismission from Guardianship, forty
dayt.
It u t. k s for the foreclosure of Mortgage must be published
monthlv/orfour months— for establishing lost papers./or
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by the deceased, the full space of three months.
Publications will always be continued according to these,
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REMITTANCES BY MAI L.—* A postmaster may en
close money in a letter to the publisher of a newspaper, to
pay the subscriotion of a third person, and frank the letter if
written by himself.”—Amos Kendall. I‘. M. G.
ling it the red and genuine Barrel wheat.
But the secret was at last discovered ; lie used,
before threshing his wheat, to select the best
sheaves, and striking them over the side of the
empiv barrel as it lay on the floor, three or four
times, before laving them down to be clean
threshed, lie obtained in this way a very supe.
rior seed wheat, which the whole country cov
eted at a double price. Thus the largest and
ripest kernels were separated and collected
without labour or difficulty, and a profitable
business was curried on, until bis neighbors
discoverd how to make “Barrel wheat’' for
themselves.—Boston Cult.
38teccUan£.
From the Washington Globe,
Astonishing Fact in Relation to the
Egypllnu Pyramids.
The materials of which the pyramids are
constructed, afford scope for long dissertation,
because, independently of the science und skill
requisite for their adaptation, the distances
from which most of them were brought prove
that each Monarch’s sway extended all over
Egvpt and Lower Nubia, if not beyond; ami
in relation to this subject we gather the follow
ing facts from the second lecture of Mr. Glid-
don’s new course ;
Geologically considered, Egypt is a very pe
culiar country, the qn»rries of different kinds of
stone lying at great distances from each other
SgrtraUttral.
From the Sew England Farmer.
Discovering’ Deficiencies in Soils.
Mr. Editor—Our scientific friends who (to
their credit be i. said,) lecture nml write for
the laudable purpose of instructing the fanner
in the philosophy of his art, and to show him
the conditions upon which depends his best
success in the pursuit of his business, frequent
ly dwell upon and explain the importance of
his knowing in what properties his soil is defi
cient, so that he can supply them, and thus in
crease his crops. Now, in reference to this
desideratum, I ask—IIow can w. do it?
Farmers—real working farmers—such as
compose the great mass of our yeomanry —
cannot he supposed to be analytical chemists :
they have neither the knowledge nor the means
requisite to analyze their soils, nor the pecunia
ry ability to pay the professed chemist for do
ing it.
To ascertain, as we are told we should,
whether our soils are deficient in lime, gyp
sum, soda, potash, <kc., seems to me no easy
matter for one who is not versed in chemistry—
and I ask, Hnw can wc do it ?
The importance of the thing I fully appre
ciate, and would fuin accomplish it, if 1 knew
any simple way of doing it; hut I cannot, for
the best of reasons, set myself down to attain
the knowledge requisite to enable me to ana
lyze soils according to the principles of chem
istry.
True, we need to learn—it is much for our
interest to learn—what deficiencies exist in our
soils, which common manure cannot supply—
but, How can we do it ?
Verv respectfully, yours,
PELEG PLOUGHSHARE.
Smitfivillc, March 18, 1S45.
It is very true, as “ Peleg” siys, that it is
not in the power of farmers generally to ana
lyze their soils for the important purpose of
delecting and supplying deficiencies ; and per
haps no tetter course could be recommended
for such to pursue to attain this ond, than to
make experiments on a small scale with such
substances as our correspondent mentions, and
if any beneficial effect results from the use of
any particular substance, as gypsum, ashes, or
bo.ics, then, on the same kind ol soil, an exten
sive use of that substance may be made.
The mixing of different kinds of.soil, in the
compost heap or directly on the field desired
to be improved, is one of the surest and cheap
est wavs of amending a particular soil.
To ascertain whether a soil is deficient in
lime, Dr. G. B. Smith, of Maryland, gives the
following directions: “Takes handful here
Hnd there from the whole field, say twenty
handsful in all; mix well together, then lake a
handful from the whole mixture, put it upon a
shovel, nnd hent it red hot; then take it from
the fire an I let it co >1 ; when cold, pulverize
it to a fme powder, and pour upon it good ci
der vinegar; (diluted muriatic acid is best, but
vinegar, if good, will do.) If u foams conside
rably, you want no lime in the soil ; if it do
not foam, then lime is wanted.”
To learn wiiat deficiencies probably exist in
a long cultivated soil, it is important to know
the constituents of the crops which have been
taken from it—then the particular matters
which have been extracted, may bo returned
in some form or other, as in hones, silica, ash
es, gypsum. Much valuable information has
been given on this subject in original and select
ed articles which have appeared in our pages i the ancient Taprohane
in distinctly marked localities. If you see a
piece of basalt on the beuch of the Mediterra
nean, you know that there is no basaltic quar
ry nearer limn between the first and second
cataract, and, when you find a block of gran
ite at Memphis, you know that no granite ex
ists but at the first cataract—nearer than the
peninsula of Mount Sinai. Every civilization
and e tended dominion is indicated in these
facts, and when we reflect upon them, wc al
most think we witness the work of transporta
tion going on ; that we see the builders, and
the buildings themselves in process of erection.
The blocks of Arubian limestone used in the
interior of the pyramids were brought from the
ancient quarries of Toorah, on the opposite
side of the Nile, distant about 35 or 20 miles
from cadi pyramid. These very quarries are
vast hulls, as it were, excavated in the living
rock, wherein entire armies might encamp, are
adorned with now mutilated tablets, recording
the age of their respective opening by different
Pharaohs, not only show the very beds whence
the slupt-ndous blocks of some of the pyramids
were taken, but are in themselves works as
wondrous and sublime as the Memphite pyra
mids ! nay, at the very foot of these quarr es
lie the countless tombs and sarcophagi of num
bered generations of ancient quarrymen !—
These quarries are of intense at dialogical in
terest, because the tablets m them record that
stone was cut in them for Memphis, on such a
day, such a month, such a year of the reign of
such a king ; and these kings begin from the
remote times before the sixteenth dynasty, and,
at diffeient intervals, come down through the
Pharaonic period with many of the others, till
we reach the Ptolemaic epoch, and end with
I.atin inscriptions similar to others in Egypt,
attesting that “ these quarries were worked”
in the propitious era of our lords and emperors
Serverus and Antoninus, thus enabling us to
descend ulmost st* p by step from the remote
antiquity of 2,200 years B. C. down to 200
years after the Cluistiun era. The hand of
modern barbarism, prompted by the destruc
tiveness of Mabommed Alt, has, since 1S30,
done more to de/uce these tablets—to blow up
many of these halls in sheer wantonness, than
has been effected by time in 4 000 years !
Every atom of the .hundred thousand tons of
granite used in the pyramids was cut at Svene,
the first cataract, distant 640 miles. The
blocks, some of which are 4.9 feet lung, had to
be cut out of their beds with wooden wedges
and copper chisels; then polished with emery
till they were as smooth as lookinj glass, and
then carried by land half a mile to the river—
placed on rafts and floated down 640 iNiles to
Memphis—brought by canals to the foot of the
Lybiaii chain—conveyed by hind over gigantic
causeways from one mile to three in lengtt? fo
the pyramids for which they wero iniende !,
and then elevated by machinery and placed in
tin ir present position, with a skill and a ma
sonic prccisiun that has confounded the most
scientific European eng’neer with amazement.
Tnc very basalt sarcophagi that once held the
mummy of the Pharaohs, in the inmost recesses
of throe pyramidal mausolea, SA feet long by
broad and 3 deep, were all brought irom
Lower Nubia, from the basaltic quarries of the
second cataraci, not nearer than 750 miles up
the river!
Looking into the interior of the pyramids,
there is still much to stagger belief—to excite
our admiration. In tho pyramid of five steps,
the upper beams that support the roof of the
chamber are of oak, larch, and cedar, not one
of which trees grow in Egypt, and establish
the fact of the timber trade with Illyria, Asiu
Minor, and Mount Lebanon in ages l<>ng before
Abraham ! In the fragments of a mammy the
cloth is found to be saturated with “ Pisasphal-
tum”—Jew s pitch or biiumen Judiacum, com
pounded of vegetable pitch from the Archipela
go, and of the asphnltum ol the Dead Sea in
Palestine; we find gum arabic that does not
grow nearer than 1,200 miles from the pyra
mid, attesting commerce with Upper Nubia.
The gold leaf came from the mines of Snakim
on tho Red Son, or from remote Fazogln.—
The liquor which cleansed out the body ol the
mummy was cedria, the fluid rosin of the pinus
cedrus, lliat grows not nearer than Syria.—
The spices send us to the Indian oce m—the
aloes to Succatra—the cinnamon to Ceylon,
and then the arts and
THE SPANISH INVASION.
From a Sermon by Prof. Wm. Bacon Stevens,
of the University of Georgia.
Several times, during her colonial strte, was
Georgia on the brink of ruin, and only saved by
the signal interposition of God. '1 he settle
ment of Oglethorpe hnd given great offence to
the Spaniards in Florida ; and they, in con- .
junction with troops and forces from Cuba, re- .
solved on its destruction. They came with an
overwhelming force—cavalry, artillery, infan
try, marines and bombardiers. As the large .
fleet sailed up towards the garrison o| Ogle- j
thorpe ut Frederica, they hoisted a red fL.g at j
the mast-head, the bloody emblem of e.xierm- J
mating vengeance. The fate of Georgia and i
the two Carolinas depended on the issue. ;
The Spaniards are full of joy—the capture^ of
Oglethorpe was certain—the fite of Frederica,
Savarman, Charleston, was sealed. They dis
pose their fleet in naval order—they land their
forces amidst the roar of artillery—they are ea-
gar for the attack—but, just as they are about
to begin the work of death, the question of
precedency between the Governor of Augus
tine nnd the General from Havana, produces a
rupture between the Commanders, and they
withdraw and encamp for the night in separate
bivouacs. Learning tliis fiom a prisoner, O-
glethorpe, with that resolution and courage
which rose as dangers thickened, resolved to
attack them separately under cover ofthe dark-
nes. His plan was about succeeding, and they
were within a short distance ofthe Cuba furce
when a Frenchman, who had come down u-
mong tho volunteers, fired his gun and fled to
the enemy. Thus discovered, Oglethorpe sta
tioned drums in different parts of the wood, so
as to represent a large army, and then beating
the grenadier's match, returned to his garri
son. Aware of his weakness, which he knew
the Frenchman would represent to the Span
iards, he wrote a letter to him in French, as
if from a friend, urging him to try and make
them believe that tho English were in almost
in a defenceless state, that he should under
take to pilot up their boats and galleys, so as
to bring them under thc hidden batteries in ihe
wood; but tQ say nothing to them about the
several ships of war whit h he expected from
Charleston. This was delivered to a Span'sh
prisoner, who promised to hand it to the
Frenchman. The Spaniard on hisarrivnl in
camp, was taken before the General and sear
died ; when the letter, which was not direct
ed, was found upon him; upon the offer of
pardon, he confessed that he had promised to
deliver it to the Frenchman, who, therefore,
was immediately taken into custody ns a dou
ble spy, and placed in irons. The contents
of the letter sadly puzzled the officers ; but the
casual appearance of three vessels off the bar
the next morning, which the Spaniards sup
posed was the van of the naval reinforcement
spoken of, led them to believe it all, and
struck their army with such a panic that they
hastily retreated to their ships, leaving quanti
ties of stores and munition behind, and in a few
days not an enemy’s ship remained in Georgia.
The firing of that gun, the desertion of the
Frenchman and the consequent derangement
of their intended attack, was, in the estimation
of Oglethorpe and his army, a fatal stroke to
the colony—its destruction seemed now more
inevitable than before. But, in the overruling
providence of God, this event, so fraught with
apparent evil, was turned into highest good.—
But for this stratagem, Georgia, would have
been conquered by the Spaniards, and annex
ed to the dominions ofPhihp II.
within a few years pist, and our correspondent
will find some useful hints upon it in Dr. Jack
son’s remarks commenced in our last number
and continued in this.
For more satisfactory and valuable informa
tion on the subject of his inquiries than is here
given, v/e refer our correspondent to Prot ssor
•Johnson's instructive Lectures on Agricultural
Chemistry—n work which every farmer in
“Smilhvillti” and elsewhere, should own, who
can lead and reason.
sciences brought to bear upon the pyramids that
I inns' have arrived at perfection long before
j that day, are not only themes for endless re-
fleciions, but oblige us to confess that in chro•
! nology we are yet children.
Among his novel and strange assertions in
relation to the science of the ancient Egyptians,
Mr. GAddon maintained that from the very na
ture of their country, and the vast fossil re
mains in their quarries, &c., the Egyptian
Seed Wheat.
We arc told, that, in tho Island of Jersey,
England, where the firmers sell their produce
and live upon the refuse, it is customary for
thorn to lie their wheat in small sheaves, and
by jinking each twice or thrice across a bnv-
rJ ivliiio lying on its si lo on the floor, a .Mi|.or-
rine sumplo of wheat is obtained for maiket,
after which the sheaves are thrown by, to be
clean threshed iu the evening of winter by
lamp light.
I have just met with tho account of a firmer
in Vermont, to whom his neighbors resored for
tri». purpose of securing seed wheat ol superior
priests must have been geologists ; and re
ferred to his “ chapters,” page 49—fir the re
marks of the priest of Solon, “ You mention
ed one deluge only, whereas many happen
ed”—and otiier evidences, that the Egyptians
recognised in their mythology and chronology
ofthe world vast periods of time, anterior to
the creation of man.
“ The upper ten thousand.”—“My dear,”
said Mrs. Parvenue To her husband, on retiring
to their room the other night, “How long have
you been engaged in the importation of Guano?”
“About ayeur, my love.”
“ I wonder, my d'-ar, that you should engage
openly in such a vulgar occupation, and more
especially without letting me know any thin
about it.”
‘•Why, my dear, how does it affect you I”
“ 1 should have pursued a very different line
of conduct, and not commenced pruning my ac
quaintance just now. I supposed you was en
gaged only in the importation of tea, coffee, and
silks, by tho cargo.”
“ I have been for a few years past engaged
jn t lie importation of those articles, but the Gu i-
.no trade is so profitable that 1 thought I would
dip into it in a quiet kind of way; but I had no
idea tliUt it was generally known.”
“Well m? dear, I am s> rry you ever enga
ged in it. I’vfl done all I o»nld to elevate the
family to a goad standing in the fashionable
world; I’ve sacrificed almost everything, and
submitted to many inconveniences, moriifna
lions and rebuffs, and bore up under all with
much apparent nonchalance; 1 ve succeeded
in attracting the attention of sundry fashionable
old bachelors, they uppear fascinated with my
assumed navicte, though their adulation is rath
er nauseous; yet, as you think it helps us a-
long. I’ve contrived to swallow it.”
“Well, my love, what is the matter now 1
any new rebuff! I tho’t your party ol ‘a few
friends’ went off very well the other night,
and was quite a recherche affair.”
“That’s the trouble—the confounded party
is the cause of all my present uneasiness. The
comparatively few persons leftou are not sat
isfied that the hundreds invited, many of whom
they have ascertained I had never spoken to
before, should be designated as a few friends ;
especially as among those left out are several
who imagine that they have contributed to our
present elevation nnd that their shoulders have
been made use of, to place us in our now al
most fashionable position. And there’s that
spiteful Mrs. Ferret, who procured my invita
tion to the Bachelor’s Ball a few years since,
is so provoked at not being invited that she is
not only circulating round that y<>ur grandfath
er was a silversmith (on rather a small sen'w,)
and that if I was not actually a chamber-maid,
before marriage, I was humbbr companion to
Mr. Mallei—that even you had not loll'd in
the lap nfluxury in your early days, and that
both of us tog* ther could not trace the deriva
tion of our language to its orig nal source !—
But all that is nothiugto that little monkey of a
daughter of Iter’s telling our Maria, in school,
this morning, that her fa ther was only a man
ure dealer.”—N. Y. True Sun.
From the SationalIntelligencer.
Sir Robes t Peel and Hr. Guizot .or Mr.
Guizot and Sir Robert Peel:
for we do not know which of these two great
men should yield the precedence to the other.
Age cannot settle the question, for they are ve
ry nearly of the same age; station cannot de-
termineit, foreach occupies the place of Prime
Minister to his native country; talent might
resolve the difficulty with'the particular friends
and partisans of each, but not with the public
generally; nor would a reference to the claims
for priority o » the part of the countries which
they respectively ornament and serve, lead to
a more satisfactory solution. One thing is cer
tain, the peace, the prosperity, and the hap
piness of the nations of Europe depend more
upon the judgment and the wisdom, the tem
per and policy of these two distinguished in
dividuals, than upon tiny other, and upon all
other moral, political, and physical agency
whatever.
We find the following parallel and compar
ison between the Prime Ministers of France
and England in a late foreign journal, and,
without wishing to be understood as adopting
all the opinions and conclusions which the wri
ter expresses, and maintains, we think there is
sufficient of point and piquancy in the observa
tions to render them interesting to our
readers. The writer is evidently a political
opponent of Sir Robert Peel, and therefore,
what he suvs must be taken “cum grano satis."
After narrating the leading events in the life
of Mr. Guizoiainl enumerating his various lit
erary productions, be proceeds to say:
There is uoiking in the poor humble scholar,
the son of an advocate guillotined for his prin
ciples, travelling en diligence, or by a vorturi-
er from Nismes to Geneva, to resemble the
silver-spoon-fi d son of a successful Bury cot
ton.spinner. pursy, prudent, and prosperous,
who was enabled, after tliiriv years of manu
facturing prosperity, to give his hoy Robert
a large fortune, and who gave him the advan
tage of a private education, and a private tu
tor, long before he was sent to Harrow. In
entering the gymnasium at Geneve, poor Gui
zot had no advantages, and labored under ev
ery disadvantage of poverty and proscription.
In entering Harrow, Robert Peel had every
advantage that wealth could bestow, anil came
with the prestige of b>ing the son of a loyalist
who had subscribed .€10,000 for the carrying
on of the war. In four years’ sojourn at Ge
neva, Guizot become, in spite of every disad
vantage, master of the Greek, Latin. English,
German, and Italian languages. In four years
sojourn at Harrow, Peel could construe Hor
ace and Juvenal, rend 32schylus and Demos
thenes, write Latin verses tolerably and a
hundred to one never made a false quantity, so
thoroughly was he drilled in prosodv. Ir»
1803 Guizot had sounded the depth ofancient
and modem philosophy, had travelled from
Plato to Kant, and found nothing barren,
while forty years later, Peel with every ap
pliance, had never got beyond Pale}’.
‘•In 1804, when Peel was entering Christ
Church with probably <€1000 or <€1200 a year
allowance, a private tutor to cram with, and
horses and grems ad libitum, Guizot was
running tho rounds of the law schools of Pans,
poor, on foot, and perhaps penniless, Peel,
at the end of his academic course, had achiev
ed some of the volumes of Blackstone, whilst
the poor penniless Huguenot had gone through
die Code and the Digest, and read the com
mentators, from Ulpian down to Gravina and
Pothier.
In 1809, when Peel had attained his ma
jority, and was looking to be launched into pub
lic life by his rich faflier, Guiz»t was writing
essays to soothe ihe nvnd of n amiable and
accomplished woman who became his wife.—
This was at once chivalrous, natural, and ro
mantic; failings which have never been at any
time attributed, whether a man qr boy, to Ro
bert Peel.
In 1810, where Peel had. we believe, en
tered Parliament, and was erving ‘jiear, hear,’
behind the Minister of the day. Guizot being
exactly of the same age. had published ‘Die-
lionnnlre des Sy* onvnics.’ containing a philo
sophical dissertation on the particular character
ofthe FieachJantrunge, and had also gi*en to
the world his‘Lives of the French P ets\-—
When, two years latter, Guizot was laborious
ly engaged in translating from the Spanish, in
studying the history of primitive Christianity
and German philosophy, mid filling the supple
mental chair of history at the Un varsity. Peel
was toasting the ’immortal memory’ in the
Castle of Dublin, swearing f> alty and fidelity
to the Irish Orangemen and Protestants. Hnw
well arid truly lie has kepi his faith with both
parties, let the history ofthe Iasi sixteen yet rs
proclaim tiumpet-tongued. In 1811 and 1812
Guizot, by tvs influence and teaching, elevated
the tone of historical discussion, and gave
breath and comprehension, to the disquisitions
of a professor’s chair. In the same years
Pesl sought, by his vote and influence, still
more by his speeches, to fling us back into the
dark ages of bigotry and oppression. In 1814
Guizot was called to the office, because he
was a Bourgoise, a Protestant, and a Liberal;
and thtfty years later he remains faithful to his
earlier convictions. About the same period
Peel was elected for Oxford, because he was
n ultra-Protestant, and in spite of his being a
writer or a speaker. If Peel had been born in
the country of Guizot, and of his religion, can
any man in his senses think he ever would
have been a great political writer, a great his
torian, a great teacher and prolessor, and am
bassador of the first class, much less the most
prominent and powerful Minister ol France?—
This is the fair way to test the abilities of the
one and of the other. Give Guizot in Eng
land tin' moneyed, social, and scholastic ad
vantages of Peel, and lie would have achieved
one hundred fold more tiian Peel has done.—
th
tnd nus-
There is
Place Peel in
would have been
tenth-rate writer.
‘•These two men havp, however, some quai-
iles and attributes in common. They are both
men of great personal integrity, of blameless
lives, and of strict morality. There is some
thing austere and puritanical in the aspect of
Guizot; something cold, suspeioua,
trustful in the countenance of Peel,
an occasional diyness, dogmaltcalness, and
want of suppleness and vivacity in the French
Minister; and who can say tiiut Peel is gay,
debonnaire, or playful? His jokes, elaborate
ly prepared, are for the most part disastrously
lugubrious nnd leaden. Guizot ofien seizes
on a leading idea, carefully chosen ; he rings
the changes on it, artfully works it up, em
broiders it elaborately, and produces it with
all manner of fringe, furbelow, blonde, and
gold lace. Peel adopts the same trick, and
supplies by action and grimace the absence of
that copiousness and fertility possesses in a
greater degree by the French nan. Guizot
seldom breaks out into those bursts which cap
tivate and enthral in Berryer, which seize up
on the auditor against his wdl, and hurry him
along with the speaker, breathless, agitated,
and contre cceur. In this, too, lie resembles
Peel, who though lie possesses great talent,
consummite tact, and a flowing diction, is ne
ver eloquent, in the s nse of Sited or Macau-
Icy. Guizot is rarely so eloquent as to render
captive the understanding ; hut as a rhetorician
and adeclaimer Re is greatly superior to Peel,
who, in the lower and more despicable art of
a mere tactician may lie pronounced his supe
rior. There is a certain stiffness about Gui
zot, and he rarely unbends ; Peel never un
bends. But Guizot, on the other hand, has
hundreds upon hundreds of attached personal
friends, who admire him as a man and are
proud of him as a man of learning and of let
ters—one of live glories of France. Peel, on
the contrary, out of his own family, does not
appear to have a single attached personal
friend.
“Ill conclusion, superiority is unquestiona
bly due to M. Guizot. As a scholar, a writer,
a mail of general information, of liberal ond
elargect views, he is greatly superior to Sir
Robert Peel. Out of the tuck of official life
aud rhe ordinary routine of tin English univer
sity education, Sir Robert Peel is a man of
extremely limited attainments. Of foreign poli
tics & foreign governments lie knows- absolute
ly nothing; but fie is never taken at fault in the
House of Commons, for on all these subjects
he hears a conveniently copious cram, and ne
ver betrays ignorance. As an orator we would
also accord to Guizot the preferable place. If
he be occasion «Uy mure pedantic and didactic,
his scholarship is more Full, ample, and satis
factory. He speaks from a great repartory of
facts and learning, and in this respect resem
bles Macaulay. Peel, on such occasions,
merely dispenses to Ins audience his recent ac
quisitions within the previous three weeks,
made up by him, or got up by clerks, for the
marketable and pressing occasion.
“Peel is at ways decorous, decent a nd respect
able, but lie is also sly and demure. Guizot
is decorous and respectable from principle,
and though there may be some of the sourness
of the Puritan in his composition, there is
none of the more vicious leaven of the Maw-
worm or the Turtiifle.”
“ The estimated loss to the revenue by ^
abolition of the duty on cotton wool talcin
as a guide the amount received last year
not be less than <£680,01)0'. [Hear, A« ar ,»i
Here, then, we see that upwards of f 0Ur
hundred and thirty articles which enter j nto
the manufactures of Great Britain, have, Un
to this time, paid taxes rota the treasury 0 f
Great Britain of <£}.000,000, or upward of
$5,000,000? And every dollar thus taken
was a direct tax on the manufacturing clas$_J
This, ii added to the tax levied by the landed
e position of Guizo', and he 1 gentry on the btead and meat of the same clas,
third-rate lecturer and a ' 1 r ' -• ’
by means of the monopoly given rhem in the
I corn law, would make the tax levied on ih e
manufactures of the kingdom at feast 820,000
! 000! And yet the class, thus burdened vith
a charge equal to the whole amount of the re
venues of our own government, we are told,
are protected by such a tariff!?
From the Washington. Globe.
TIic Protection Given by England to
Her ,11:131 u(nrtures.
We imtic-d bat the other day the repetition
in the National Intelligencer of the impudent
falsehood which has been so often tei'ented in
this country as to pass for truth, »iz : That
England's impost duties favored her manufac
tures, and t at to this protective system her
superiority in species of industry is ascribablc.
In reply to this, we stated the fact that the
manufacturing capitalists of England Were at
this moment combined in a great league for
free trade against that restrictive leg-sl >tion,
which, so far from protecting British manu
factures by levying duties on foreign fabrics
coming in competition with them, levied tlu'ies
which operated as a heavy tax on British fab
rics in their own home markets, and forced the
capitalists todepriss the wages of their ope
ratives until they were reduc'd almost to the
starving point. The duty most dis'ressing to
the manufactures is that excluding foreign pro
visions and giving tho monopoly of providing
bread and meat for the manufacturers, which
enabled the land owners to e.vtort immense
tribute from the manufacturing class. Against
tlie burden of the corn laws, the league of ma
nufacturers, therefore, is principally directed.
Sir Robert Pee], the English premier, who
holds his po«'-r from the landed aristocracy,
Bourgoise, and How well lie kept his promises j dare not break down their monopoly; but, to
relieve tl»e m mufacturing interest, proposes to
all the world knows
“In 1814, Guizet, withdiit fortune or fami
ly. uiideitook tite perilous tRsk of warning
Louis XXIiI, and resumed, having accom
plished Ins object, his place at the facutlv of
take off the tax from a multitude ol" imports
which also fell upon the manufacturers, hut
which accrued as revenue to the treasury.—
These duties lm proposed, in it s late speech.
letters. Fifteen years Inter, Sir Robert Peel, lo abolish, as a partial deliverance of British
. . • n 151* 1 1, .. ‘ monnHiO i.rmv „ r> ..IT....I
the heir to forty or fifty thousand pounds
3’ear, uncnvicted and unbelieving, sut render
ed his public opinions on a vital quesiT'ii, to! ties. I o show to what extent the ma ufactu-
suit the momentary purpose ol George IV.— rersi have been burdened bv taxes on their ma-
manutac urers from oppression, not as uffon
protection by excluding foreign c mmodi
Immigration to Texas —We are informed
by Mark Izo I, Esq., who Iive3 about 15 miles
west of Natchez, in Louisiana, on the road trav
elled by all emigrants to Texas who cross the
Mississippi river at Natchez, that for the la?t
two and a half mouths, four wagons u day have
passed his house on an average Much of this
quality very fiue in appearance, remarkably , emigration is induced by the prospect of annex
productive and of early m iturity ; he readily
commanded three dollars per bushel, when ttie
prmeof wheat was a dollar and a quarter, cal-
tmn, and is mostly from this State. It adds
greall/to the Mississippi land.—Natchez Cou
rier.
Matrimony.—Some men think themselves
very clever in tantalizing t! cir wives; some,
unpossessed of feeling th'-mselves, may not un-
derstand how a vile word or stupid net can vex
a keener soul, but it is meet to know and re
member this, there is no gi eater crime than to
take a woman from her lather’s hearth, where
she stood in blooming independence, to load
her with the cares of a family and then to tram
ple on her hopes, by proving that he is no bet
ter than those for whom she never cared or
sighed ; that he is no worthier than those who
are forgotten in her dreams, and passed unheed
ed as she clung with fondnuss to his arm.—
Children of disappointment, why do women
consider their lovers the choicest among the
sons of man ?—C huzzlewit.
ntary purpose ol ueorgt
In all l lie laws of progress and progression in
England, Peel was the inveterate opponent,
until their passage had become inevitable, and
then he burdened the honest originators with
the incumbrance of l.is tardy, doubtful, and
discreditable ht lp. In all the speeches, dis
courses, and writings of Guizot there are tip-
parent lofty and profound sentiments, great
power of expression, dignity of character, and
lucidity of views and of purpose. In all the
speeches of Peel there are no I ofi y or profound
views, no attempt at generalization, no philo
sophical truths are enunciated, no grand
terials, we quo’.e from Sir Robert Peel’s speech
at ihe opening of the present session of Parlia
ment :
“ The articles on which wc propose to abol
ish the duties will be those gent rally which
are the raw materials of our manufactures.—
The list of these articles co'itains 4-30 specific
items ; and, as that list will he printed. I do
not think it necessary to make such a trespass
on the patience of the House as to read over | j
the whole of them. / think it, therefore, better
to postpone the minute consideration of- those
articles till another opportunity • but I may
From tte Georgia Jeffersonian.
Abolrfioit Spies in flic South.
The N. Y. Herald ofthe 12th ult. hast| le
following suggestions. They are worthy of at.
tention, and there are more reasons than the
opinion of the Herald for believing they are t 0
no small extent true.
“We have some reasons for believing that
the abolitionists of the Noitli, and those w|| 0
intend to become so in the next great Presiden
tial contest, have been preparing some secret
missions to the South, for the purpose ofcol.
lecting all sorts of stories, incidents, and re
ports, relative to the treatment which the slaves
rec« ive from the southern planters. These se-
cret missionaries or spies, under the name of
piiilosop 1 ers, religionists, philanthropists, are
now sent for h to the south, charged with pick,
iug up all sorts of information relative to the
system of slavery in those regions. It is expect
ed here, and gi-nerally understood amongst the
initiated, that in the next great Presidential
contest, the Whig party in the free States vvi.l
be completely changed, and become in fact
an abolition party to all intents and purpose!,
and in order to prepare the public mild for that,
it is necessary to collect this species of inform
ation.
“In corroboration of this intimation, which
has been given us, we see the commencement
ofa series of letters in the Tribune, purporting
to be furnished by a correspondent travelling
in the south, and descriptive of the treatment
given to the slaves by their masters. This
will probably be followed up in other journals,
and in other forms, during the next year or
two. The probability is that the attempt on
the part of Massachusetts to send public agents
to Cnuileston and New Orleans, fur the pur
pose of contesting the police laws of those cit
ies in the United .States Courts, in reference
to the slaves, is merely an open and undiscuis-
ed movement, similar to the one we have alrea.
dy described, originating in the same quarter
and for the same purpose s.
“We give these views to our sonthern read-
ers merely lo put them on their guard. As
further developemei.ts are made in the North,,
we shall-add fresh information.—But at pres
ent there is every reason to fl-ar that prepara-
ti ms are in progress, on the cait of the fina-
tics of the North, for the purpose of introdu
cing the slave question into the next Presidon-
tail contest, if not into the previous state elec
tions, and which may take a course to give the-
abolitionists the ascendency in tho General
Government, nnd finally break the-Union into-
fragments. In Boston, and in other places,,
it is already openly announced that they wilt,
not stop short of that in the accomplishment of
their fana ical purposes.”
We have, on more occasions than one, seen
men favoring this description, among us, who.
became restless a> d figetiy the moment the sub
ject of slavery was i .trodaced, showing an in
tense anxiety to give their views and opinions,
and evincing how deeply they £-Tt interested on
th«’ subject. They are generally suffered to
pass without hindrance or molestation- With
that frank and cordial hospitality peculiar lo
the South, they are received as gentlemen, and
trusted so; and no one feels disposed to curtail
tern oftheir f> ir proportions and privileges an-
American citizens, of enjoying and expressing,
on <tll proper occasions, tne free and hones?
convictions of their minds, in regard to any
tiling and cv -ri tliii g proper to be spoken.—
But let it once be ascert flned that Southern
hospitality only invites to Northern audacity,
that our kindness begets effrontery, and that
Northern men come among us as agents ol
Northern fanatics, for the purpose of “spying
out the nakedness ol the land,” and aggravate
d misrepresenting a system of internal
police of which they .-ee but little and know
less, because we are unsuspicious and they ca#
do so with impunity, and we would not be
come responsible for their safety for five min
utes. The best and wisest men among us would
say, take them to the nextlree ami let them
swing, wilhoot judge or jury. Self-preserva
tion is the first law of nature, of which the
South has had much reason to be fully aware
for the last few years ; and a spy for Northern
abolitionists, whatever might be tus garb orpre-
tensions, would find but little safet y among us
after being full v known. We know that of all
delusions, rel gious fanaticism is the most pov -
erful, and u dor its influence men will risk life
and bravedeath ; still it may he ns well to in
form these deluded fanatics that they come *■
mong us with halters about their necks, art! u
they prefer the use of them to our kindness
and hospi'ality, on tlieii own heads light the
responsibil ty.
The Sew I’osiukc Law.
The main provisions of this iaw are as fob
lows:
1. Single letters, i. e. letters weighing hail
an ounce or less, go 300 miles far Jive cents,
and greater distances for ten cents. Ever} -
additional half ounce (or part of half un’ouncf)
is considered an additional letter.
2. Newspapers may be sent by the publish
ers thirty tni.es from the place of puhlicati® 0 '
free of postage. For greater distances th*
swelling sentiments expressed. K>* is c rtain- i state the total number of articles that will be
ly acute, .subtle, ousiness-like, dexterous,‘cun
ning of fence,’ guarded, plausible, of good
temper, tact, and dialectic, capital at hitting the
house between wind and water, and exquisite
in seizing on tho weak or impracticable parts
of a theory or a plan. But, apart from these
•small wares and this left-handed wisdom, has lie
ever uttered tin or ginal sentiment, or electri
fied the House with one spark of genius or el
oquence, or caused the heat ts of his auditors
to palpitate with those feelings that at once de
light and dignify the mind of man?
“If Guizot had enjoyed the fortune of Peel,
he would have been, as he is even wi'l out it
a far more learned nan, a man of larger views,
of greater power of expression, whether as a
absolutely swept away from the tariff will hr
no less than 430. These will include those fi.- j
brous materials, such as silk, hemp, and flax,
which now pay a nom inal duty ; yarns of dif
ferent kinds, with the exception of worsted i
yarns, which arc subject to some peculiar regu-
lations. He also propose to abolish the duty \
on furniture woods.
“ / think the loss of revenue by the remis- I
sion of the duties on all these 430 articles will
be about <£320,000. I now come to that arti
cle which, of all others, is the most important \
to the manufacturing and commercial prosperi- 1
ty of this coun'ry. [Loud cheers ] / come
now to cotton wool [hear, hear] and the duty
upon it.
rates tire as heretofore.
3. Printed circulars on cap or letter paP* r
are charge t two cents a sheet for all distances
4. Pamphlets, magazines, &.C., two and 3
If cents for each copy sent of no greaie 1
weight than one ounce ; and one cent adJih° n-
a! for every additional ounce. But no cop/
exceeding eight ounces in weight can be trait*'
rnitted. No bound book of any size can **
sent by mail.
5. Members of Congress can frank letter*.
«Scc-, as much as they please, boih in scsji 011
and recess, provided the package does note*’
ceed two ounces.
G. Private mail expresses forbidden on!'* 3 '
vy penalties. Persons sending letters by 83
unlawful mode are made punishable. Any p e ‘
son who shall deposit a letter at anypl aCt
be carried by unlawful means, is subject lo
fine of fifty dollars for every offence.
he
Progress of refinement.—The Vickb ur ?
Constitutionalist says that no smoking of cig*^
or pipes is permitted in any church in V|C* J ‘ |
burg.