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FOREIGN MANNERS AT TABLE.
A recent English traveller in Europe writes
as follows:
[ t it-amusing to watch the conventionalities
of ■different people at our dinner table. One
dwa Frcnchin in, picking his teotli with a
• . i llA ; i a sautMUfiicmc, mu c
fork, reproved a young.uenrnn for,Ppi* I , «• *. f .
iuin, ^ v i. . ° . . ed by.a similar overthr
.-IK’ n id offensively collecting bis saliva Bnd ? ,
i, on Ibo iloor. .“V, convious,”
, J ['il-other, rood hotnorodly, - b„t L really «■ *!>! “ I
was obliged : it was either, Inal or ftwaltaw il..
A Belgian who, regards with.disgusijlhc cton-
veving of peas to the mouth'on the.pokit of a
knife, has no seruplu in combing his .headat
table. CO npleting his toilet with a smajlmirror
with which he examines tbo slate -of his bask
teeth. An Italiun, who affects the fi-e gen-
tlem.n, a id looks contemptuously. upon the
holiday clothes of Verviors who coine to spend
their Sunday hero, will not only spit, and do
worse, but help himself to strawberries with his
well worn toothpick. A German sits at break-
fast with his wife with his hat on, though out
of doors lie can hardly keep it on liis head for
bowing. Yesterday, a geii’leman helping a la
dy to cliampaignc, saw something in the wino,
and dipped his finger into the glass to remove
it, then filled up the glass and politely presum
ed it. On all sides you aoo tbo old principle «»f
•* fingers before forks” amply carried out in.
theso days. Some of the ladies pick their
bones with relish, and, forgetting that napkins
arc liberally supplied, scrupulously lick their
fingers afterwards. Even thu pretty young,
lady will persist in drugging her culluts off the
dish by tlio hone. I believe I am the only
person who gets the knife and fork 1 changed at
every change of plate, hut lies affectation l
mean to discontinue. The practice is, after
carefully wiping and polishing the plate with a
piece of bread, and swallowing it, to take an
other piece and wipe the knilb and fork ; thin,
at any rate, is belter than having them polish-
• ed up by a common towel, which must happen
if every one sent them away with their plates.
I am sorry to observe that our guests, of all
countries, lose all sense of restraint and deco
rum, when there is a chance of a favorite dish
escaping them. Waiters »re then vehemently
called to, se zed if possible, but wearing no
coat tails this is not easy; but quietly and deep
ly cursed if they miss an expectant. After n
man has well heaped his own plate, I have
known him to turn to a neighbor with an ** Es
voulcz-vous, Monsieur!” I was amused one
day with a fut plethoric fellow who came in
Jato and sat next to me. The bouilic was go
ing round, but passed him while eating his soup.
However, as S"on as he could change hisrplate,
lie helped himself to cauliflower, and looked
out sharp for the meat, which came not, and
was rapidly vanishing, nt5’ neighbor on the oth
er side having just cleared one dish at his sec
ond helping. Unluckily, two waiters in suc-
cession. not noticing ti nt ho was already pro
vided, handed hint vegetables again ; when he
started up. mid in a state of great excitement,
shouted * fli-sh, flesh!” continuing the sentence
with whnt I should consider, from the tone and
manner to be the heartiest curse I ever heard
in my life.
They may call our countrymen rude and
bearish—and there arc some curious specimens
go abroad—but 1 am satisfied no person from
Wappittg oi-St. Benet Slmrehog would do these
things. Nay, I am equally sure that, for genu
ine, real politeness, that does the civil tiling
without any flourishing, they ore not to be
matehad abroad. Ii is much to be wished that
they could get rid of their cold and -apparently
sulky manner ; these I dislike, bccuuso we
hate our down faults in others.
Spanish Government then issued a manifesto
to tbe Governments of Europe, precisely like
that which Mexico has lately issued to the same
powers. The Spanish protest contained the
following clause::
", “ But the governments fortunately know, by
a sad experience, the effects which are produc-
•ow of principles..' They
consequence of its propagation, not
governments, than to the
integrity of uations, nnd-.are well nware oftho
consequences to:Enrope of sanctioning in Ame
rica, as some pretend, the undefined right of
insurrection.” ■ -
All this gasconade ended in the recognition
of MeXlCO. The ru'Iors of.Mexico are now,
true to their parentage, playing offthesamo va
pors upon thu United States.
' From the Washington. Confutation.
THE RIGHT SPIRIT.
The recent demonstrations in Parliament
upon rhe subject of Oregon, have been met by
the presses and the people of this country in thu
right spirit. The response of the press has
been very generally received, and with very
few exceptions, Democrats and Whigs, with
patriotic firmness, are determined to support
the President in the sentiments and the princi
ples of his inaugural, which seems to have caus
ed tho British statesmen to ussumn such a sud
den altitude of defiance. Mr. Polk has thus
the gratifying tissurnnee, not only that Ins sen
timents am approved by the great majority of
the American people, hut that he will he sus
tained with ready and unyielding firmness, and
at all hazards, in his efforts to defend <>ur rigi-ts,
or to adjust our title, to the Territory of Ore
gon--. \ •
The imprude nt and excited language used in
tho British Parliament, and by the British
press, will not have the least effect in retard
ing all reasonable efforts on the part of the Ad
ministration to settle by negotiation, and upon
the most amicable terms, the whole subject in
dispute. We know that it was the purpose of
Mr. Buchanan to take up the question exact
ly where Mr. Calhoun had left it, ar.d to
press it with all his ability, prudence, and zeal,
Co ihe earliest possible conclusion. That pur
pose, we learn, has in no wise changed, but ne
gotiations are still in progress. Certainly, a
people who stand ever ready to vindicate tlreir
rights, by the extreme and dreadful appeal to
physical force, can but rejoice if the whole
question shall be adjusted upon terms honorable
andsatisfactory to both nations. Most sincere-
ly do we trust that such may yet be its final and
peaceful termination.
From the X. York Morning Xctct.
LETTERS OF MARQUE.
• It is generally conceded that the only means
by which Mexico, in case she obeys the call of
certain papers among us, and declares war, will
have as a means of annoyance, only the right
of granting letters of marque within her power.
-Vs she has no marine of her own, it becomes
an interesting question how far other nations
inay plunder us under her authority. On this
subject, Vattel, book 3d, chop. 15, remarks as
follows:
“There is no doubt but they (privnte per
sons) may with a safe conscienco serve their
country by fitting out privatceis, unless the
war be evidently unjust. But, on the contra
ry’, foreigners taking commissions from a prince,
to prey on a nation, absolutely innocent with
respect to them, are guilty ofnn infamous prac
tice. The thirst of gold is their only induce
ment, and however their commission may as
sure them impunity, it cannot wash away their
execrable guilt.”
From this it would seem that our South Ame
rican friends could legally turn their enterprise
into the Mexican service by accepting commis
sions. Tito largo English capitals which are
now employed, according to official informa
tion, in furtherance of the Brazil slave trade,
may be occupied in the more 1 uidablc em
ployment of pirating in Brazilian and Portu
guese hands, on American commerce. The
execrable “guilt” of the transaction will trou
ble them but little. In relation to the move
ments of .Mexico, however, it maybe well to
recur to the existing treaty with that country’,
which, under date of 1831, provides as follows :
“ Thirdly, if any’of thu articles contained in
the present treaty shall he violated or infracted
in any manner whatever, it i* stipulated thnt
neither of the contracting parties will order or
authorise any nets of reprisal or declare war
ngainst the other, until the party considering
itself offended, shall have presented the oilier u
statement of such injuries and damages, and
demanded justice and satisfaction, and the
same shall have been either refused or unrea
sonably delayed.”
Article 26, of ihe same treaty, provides that
in case of war, six months notice shall be giv
en to merchants on the coast, and twelve months
to those in the interior. 'Flio.se provisions eith
er mean something or nothing. If they mean
anything, the preliminary steps for a war have i
not yet been taken. What has Mexico done 7 ;
Her minister has protested against our recog- j
union of the right of Texas to treat, and her
government issued a manifesto to the courts of
Europe. Now, in March, 1822, the President /
of the United States issued a massage, propo- 1
sing the recognition of Mexico. The Spanish '
minister, Jo..quin de Auduagn. made a protest, ■
of which that of Almonte is nearly a copy, sub
stituting Texas for Mexico. John Q. Adams,
answered tho protest, stating—
“ Under these circumstances, the Govern
ment of the United Slates far from consulting ;
the dictates of a policy questionable in its mo.
rnlity, yield'd toon obliuntion of duty, of the i
highest order, by recognizing as independent
States, nation* which, alter deliberately assert- !
ing their right to that character, have main- '
FACTS FOR THE PEOPLE—THE TRIBUTE
EXACTED FROM THEIR •« UXCOXSCI-
OUS PURSESP
The operation of the TardF system of taxa
tion is so gentle and insinuating in its mode of
reaching the “unconscious purses” of the peo
ple, thnt intelligent persons usually astute in
seeing their own interests, arc often greatly de
ceived. The delusion which takes possession
of the mind on this subject under the influence
of party appliances, can seldom be removed by
any course of theoretical reasoning, however
well sustained. Stubborn facts, appealing di
rectly and feelingly to the purses of the uncon
scious victim of this delusion, can alone pene
trate the thick incrustation of error which par-
tvishi throws around his mind. We have seen,
with astonishment, men ol intelligence gravely
nnd earnestly contending that “ high duties
make cheap goods,” and the delusion was sus
tained by a supposed appeal to pretended facts.
Another year has passed by, and we are.fur
nished with additional facts for testing the truth
of the doctrines advocated by the two parlies.
We have before us the importations of foreign
goods for the year 1844, and the amount of du
ties actually’ pain into our Treasury under the
present tariff law. From this authentic source
we will select a list, including some of the most
essential necessaries, together with their value
and the duties actually paid in 1S44, to which
we invite the attention of our readers:
Articles.
Value.
Leather roods
*77,187
$23,216
'* boot) and *bo«A
83.SM
8*36.1
Hats. Iaghorii, &c.
7I3.1S3
210.719
Molarses
2.933.753
1,122,429
Sugar, brown
6.793,540
4,396,437
Haisim. Muscat-1
318.143
234.753
Pepper
59,037
93.669
Nutmeg*
97,533
19.942
Cloves
56.021
29.251
Cassia
65.433
56.682
Pimento
■46 765
43.499
Camphor, crude
67 496
12.227
Indigo
1.145.067
69,585
Bleaching powder
111.093
26.748
Cordage, tarred
68,349
56.226
Hemp
262.363
101,504
Pins, solid hooded
20.0 M
11.453
pound
22 921
11.474
Sail
911.512
659,4*1
Coal
236.963
152.377
IJar Iron, rolled
1,065,692
947,280
•• •* hammered
583.065
200.983
Iron, cables and parts
29.773
23.127
Other manufactures
461.653
297,015
Total amount
*16,000,000
49.COO.OOO
From this table it appears that, on importa
tions made in the year ending July 1, 1844, and
valued at about sixteen millions of dollars, the
amount of duties actually paid into tho Treasu
ry’ was about nine millions of dollars These
questions now naturally arise: From whose toil
and labor was this heavy tribute of nine mil-
lions exacted ? Was tin- loss sustained by the
foreign producers or by thu home consumers
of the articles 1 Have 'he prices of the arti
cles, enumerated above, fallen since the tariff
act was passed in 1842 l How have the pri
ces of agricultural produce compared lately’
with the prices, previous to the imposition of
tho tariff ? Theso are all questions which ap
peal directly to the interests of the great mass
of the people. To our minds tho answer to
them is so obvious, that it is.a matter of sur
prise that two opinions should exist. We will
not, however, enter into any discussion on the
inferences to be drawn from the facts present
ed when taken in connection with the facts in
reference to prices known to all—we are con
tent to furnish the materials on which others
may reflect and make up their own minds.
[Nashville Union.
Southern M. JE. Convention.—The Louis
ville Journal of the 1st inst. says: “The Meth
odist Convention commences its session in this
city to-day. A large number of delegates are
here, and we judge, from our knowledge of a
portion of them, that they will constitute a
highly enlightened body. May a spirit of fer
vent patriotism and of pure and undefilcd rc-
ligion guide them in their important delibera
tions. ”
Wo also learn from the Louisville Courier
that H. B. Basconib, D. D., President of the
Transylvania University, has just issued in that
city a book of 165 pag'-s, under the following
title: “Methodism and Slavery, with other
matters in controversy between the North and
■South, being a Review of the Manifesto of the
Majority in reply to the Protest of the Minor
ity of the late General Conference of the Me-
the idolatry of wealth.
This insane and insatiable passion for »rcu-
mulatii u. evar ready,'when circumstances fa
vor, to seize upon the- public mind, is that
“love of money widen is the root of all evil,’
that “covetousness which is idolatry.” It
springs from an undue, an idolatrous estima
tion .of the value ol property. Many are feel-
niTthat nothing, nothing will do for them, or
(heir children, but wealth ; note good charac
ter, nor well trained and well executed' facul
ties, not virtu*', not the hope of heavcS—noth
ing but wealth. It is their god. and ffie god
of their families. Their sons are-growing up
to the same worship of it, mid to un.equully
baneful reliance upon-it for-the future ; they
are rushing into expenses, which the divided
proporty of their father’s house will not ena-
ble them to sustain ; and .they are preparing
to be, in turn and front necessity, slaves to tlio
same idol. How truly is it written, that “they
lamed and established it against all resistance j i|,odist E. Church, in the case of BEhon An
which had been or could be, brought to oppose I .1..... >> - 1
Teis was said in behalf of that Mexico which
e w seeks to do ein er over Texas, the posi-
o-i of wh*ci) i‘- "tronpoi- than her’s was. Tlio
drew.
The greatest compliment ever paid br one
military character to another, Was paid by Fre
derick the Great to Washington ; His hand
is as an army, and his licnj as a state council.”
that’ will be rich, fall into m my temptations
and a snare, and fall into many foolish and hurt
ful lusts, which drown man in destruction nnd
perdition !’’ There is no need that they should
lie rich, but they wilt ho rich. All the noblest
functions of hfo may be discharged without
wealth, all its highest honors obtained, all its
purest pleasures enjoyed; yet 1 repeat it, no
thing will do Imt wealth. Disappoint n man
of this, and Ito mourns as if tho highest end of
hfe were defeated. Strip loot ol this, and
this gone, all is g->ne. Strip him of this, and
I shall point to no unhoard of experience*
when 1 say, he bail rather die than live!
HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS OF VIIlOINIA.
The R'chmoi d Enquirer 1ms tlio follt wing
notice of this interesting work :
Inteucstinu Vold.me.—Wo have a new
hook before us, of which we can speak con
amore. It Ins burst upon us unexpectedly—
and filled us not onlv with surprise, but delight.
It come* over our Virginia senses,
- Like ihe *weet South
Thai breathe* upou a bank of violet*, (
Stealing, and giving odor.” ,
We hail it with pleasure, nnd recommend it
to the patronago of the Vitginians, as well as
to the citizens of other States. It is styled
Historical Collections of VirginiaContain
ing a collection of the most interesting Facts,
Traditions, Biographical Sketches, Anecdotes,
&c-, relating to its History and Antiquities—
together with Geographical and Statistical
Descriptions—to which is appended a Histori
cal and Descriptive Sketch of the District of
Columbia—illustrated by over one hundred
Engravings, giving Views of the Principal
Towns. Seats, of Eminent Men, Publfc'Buil-
dings, Relics of Antiquity, Historic Locali
ties, Nature! Scenery, &c.—by Henry Howe.”
[ Published at Charleston, S. C., by Bab
cock Sc, Co., 1845.j
Mr. Howe is the author of a similar Histori
cal, Geographical and Pictorial account of
New York and New Jersey—and we are
proud to find mat he has next turned his foot
steps to the Old Dominion. We cannot do
justice by a few strokes of the pen, to the va
ried beauties, and values of this unique pro-
duction. It opens with an “ outline history”
of the State, at different periods of her dura
tion—embracing 128 pages. We have not
been able to peruse the whole ; but it appears
to be well authenticated, and happily put to
gether.
The last or eighth chapter of the outline is a
very rapid sketch of the transactions,“ from
the close of the American Revolution to the
present time.” Tnen follows a variety of cu
rious and useful “ Miscellanies, Historical and
Descriptive,” covering32 more page*, in small
type—embracing the “ Statistics and Census
of the counties of Virginia”—List of the mem
bers of Congress from Virginia, from the adop
tion of the Federal Cunstuution, down to 4th
March. 1845—and then, a particular descrip
tion of the locality, statistics, history, and pic
turesque beauties of every county in the State,
interspersed with a Biographical Sketch of the
great men, now no more, whom she has produ
ced, ns well as Pictorial Views of some of tho
principal towns, natural scenes, ancient monu
ments, or of the great dead, by which .every
county has been distinguished. In the •S'-cond
county, for instance, which appears in the or
der of arrangement, Albermale, we have a
Pictorial representation of the University and
of Monucello, with a neat Biograpical Sketch
of Mr. Jefferson. :md the fic simile of his au
tograph : and. also, rapid sketches of M'-rri-
weilier Lewis, who was born in Albermale. and
of William Wirt, who once resided.there. ; In
Amelia, we* have brief sketches of Col. Wm.
Archer. Major Joseph Eggleston, Wiffinm
Branch G les. &c., Augusta county furnishes
copious details—in pictorial views of the Vir-
ginia Lunat'c Asylum at Staunton, the Insti
tute of the Deaf and Dumb, of the Cyclopean
Towers near the Augusta Springs, and a view
of Wier’s Cave—the statistics of the county
of course—an I biographical sketches of Dan
iol Slieflry, Gen. Robert Porterfield, Judge Ar
chibald Stuart, and John, Andrew, Charles and
William Lewis. There are copious sketches
interspersed through their spveral comics, of
Gen. Washington, Patrick Henry, Joint Mar
shall, John Randolph, with a view of his dwel
ling house on the Roanoke, and of Henry
Clay. In Chesterfield county, we have a long
description of thu Coal Minps. In Henrico
county, there is a view of Richmond, anti ol
her situation on James Rivnr, of the burning of
the Richmond Theatre, and of the old Church*
(St . John’s on the old Hill,) which is elussip
ground, but unknown to many strangers, ns
being the Church, though smallur than it
is now, where, in the Virginia Conven-
lion of ’75, Patrick Henry thundered a-
g £.:st the common oppression of America,
and uttered that imm-Ttal sentenco: “Give
me Liberty, or Give me Death ” It cxhibiis
ulso, a view of the Old Stone House, Main
street, said to he tho “oddest dwelling in Rich
mond.” Mr. Howe’s account of James City
County, is rich in description and in pictures.—
Here are the ruins at James own—William
and Mary College, in Williamsburg-—the Old
Gunpowder Magazine, celebrate! in Revolu
tionary lor*—the remains of Lord Dunmore’s
Palace—the Old Capitol—witli biographical
sketches of Bishop Madison, and Peyton Ran
dolph, first President of the American Con
gress.
In a word, the whole book, extending to 544
pages, and embracing a rapi 1 sketch of the City
of Washington, with sorrw of her beautiful
public buildings, is full of historical informa
tion. biograpical characters, and of Pictorial
views. It opens with a fine engiaving of the
surrender at Yorklown, from Trumbull’s pic
ture. its frontispiece is a collection of por
traits of the distinguished Virginians, and of
tbe Arms of the Commonwealth, and it gives
besides a map of Virginia. It lias pictorial
representations of the principal towns in the
State—Richmond, Norfolk, Petersburg, Fred
ericksburg, Lynd.burg, Winchester, Abington,-
&c. &c. Mr. Howe has made the tour of tlio
Stale, and over a Erge portion of it on foot.—
The whole book is very handsomely bonnd,
nd sells for S3 50. We reccominend it to the
atronage of the Virginians in particular.
From the New York Weekly News.
THE GERMAN Lt AGUE.
•The March number of the Westminster Re
view contains an article on the tendeiiC'CS of
the German Zoll-verein, or Commercial
League, now in rapid progress ol development.
A variety of publications have appeared dur
ing the past year elucidating the principles of
the League, and advocating plans for its ex
tension and stability. While great diversity of
opinion prevail? in all that is purely specula
tive, it is conc ded on every side, that already,
under the new system, the prosperity ol the peo
ple has wonderfully increased. Within the
limits of the League, tlio antiquated walls and
cumbrous bulwarks of the rest- ictive system are
levelled to the ground , and, although -its legis
lation on foreign trade is of a jealous and hos
tile character,this is not inherent toils fcrtnsti-
tution, and need not last longer than the preju
dice, passions or ignorance to winch it owes its
existence. The League now consists of thir
teen different States, comprising a population
of 28,000.000, blessed with unrestricted com
mercial intercourse. This is the essential Fea
ture oftho constitution of the League, w ule the
League Tariff’ is an incident subject to modifi
cation or total abrogation. It is stated that tbs
principal statesmen and politicians of Germany
nro favorable to free trad*}; but, that their
wishes are overborne by the morbid state of
public opinion created in thu manufacturing
districts by tbo writings of the champions of
the monopolists ami class interests. How like
our own country, where it has been only by
slow nnd painful steps that the more enlighten
ed section of the democracy lias succeeded in
obtaining, a recognition, even as yet but par
tial, of the rights of the many to protect them
selves without legal molestation, against the en
croachments of monopoly’. We have no fear
of the ultimate result, for although age may
‘givp strength to monopoly by extending its
ramifications, by the accumulation of capital
and the power of capital, still the day must come
when ils oppressions can only be sustained by
a force unknown to the constitution. What
will become of monopoly then 1
No commercial system can be named which
has enlisted so much enthusiastic approba
tion as the Zoll-verein. There is no special
attachment entertained by the people of the
United States, of England or France, for their
respective systems which are mainly sustained
by specious compromises between omfl cting
interest or pretensions. The curious d stribu-
tion of favor and seventy scattered over a volu
minous Tariff, suggests none ol the glad emo
tions which it is i.'te property of freedom and
freedom alone, to excite. As has been re
marked, the constitution of the League is frec-
d'*m, while restriction is its incident; but, al
ready, while the sentiment of well-being is fresh
in the hearts of tlio people, are the sophistical
tools of the monopolists at work and endeavor
ing to prove that the major parts of the bene
fits received are to bo atiiribnted to the League
Tariff, and that those benefits are susceptible
of infinite increase by infinite diversity and
complication of customs’ duties. It is precise
ly ns if the people of thu United Stntos, while
rejoicing in sudden emancipation from the
thraldom of customs on the frontiers of the se
vend States, were invited to S'-e in the Tariff
enforced on their sea coast, the source and
prime cause of their prosperity and happiness.
Peoplo abroad arc aw.no of the grounds on
which the State declined to ratify the trea'y
negotiated by Mr. Wheaton. It not only ex
acted more from this country than it yielded in
return, but by involvi-'g a question of deferen
tial duties, was a direct invasion of the powers
Of Congress under whose authority the exist
ing duties are levied. Tits was not all. It
was not discovered untd the treaty was alrea
dy before the Senate, that by virtue of treaty
stipulations with England, Hint country would
be entitled to claim, in the event <>f its adoption,
aU the advantag'-s intended to be conferred ex
clusively on the Zoll-verein. Here again, by
a retroactive effect, would the whole of that
part oftho Tariff' which contemplated articles
of British manufacture, have been nullified by
the ratification of u treaty with a third power!
The folly and precipitation of the late adminis
tration could scarcely have been rendered more
conspicuous. The non-ratification occas on d
a very severe disappointment to the Pruss an
government, and this was natural, since was
calculated to bestow great advantag'-s on the
Leauue States. In favor of the United States,
it provided for n reduction of tho duty on to
bacco, and for the permanency of the present
exemption from duty of Anierican cotton, two
highly desirable stipula'ion.s. which we trust a
wiser statesman titan Mr. Tyler may secure for
us. ' In’ maintaining the present duly on tobac
co. the League perpetrates the mischief of nnur-
isliing a forced branch of agrcultural industry
at tlio expense of the consumer. The extent
to which this is done may be judged from a re
cent statement taken from a Bremen publica
tion, Weser Zcitung. The League derives
from its own culture, annually, 405,01)0 cwt.
of tobacco, and imports from the United States
the further quantity of 235,000 cwt., equal to
32-4 per cent of the whole quant ty supplied by
this country to Europe. In the eight years,
between 1834 and 1842. tho consumption of
foreign leaf tobacco, had increased 67-G per
cent, and it was estimated that in a few years
the qunntity required from the United Stales
would be 450,000 cwt. These estimates are
made with reference to the tobacco required for
consumption alone, independently of which
Germany receives annually from the United
States, 4S0.000 cwt. of leaf tobacco for manu
facture and re-exportation.
It seems, therefore, that our interest in this
branch of trade, already of great magnitude, is
susceptible of i defin'te increase, if the battle
against monopoly enn bo fought as successfully
in the League Congress as it must be here—
Which country will have the start in sweeping
away the cobwebs of restrictive enactments,
future history will tell. Prussia or America?
A favorite theme of discussion with the wri
ters of the League is its extension. One pro
ject is a scheme of foreign c< Ionization, so vi
sionary and unfeasible, that it wore waste of
timo to exhibit its details. It could originate
only in iheCQURtry of F'ehte and Hegel. A
more practicable measure would bo the virtual
admission of the United States into the League.
Of course, this could not be done without a re
laxation on our part of our own hostile com
mercial code, but this wc do not despair of ac
complishing, all the soo’-er with the aid of ex
ternal inducements. The organizations for emi
gration on a large scale, which are in progress
n f Ihrmtlt'Aia in AVi-ftt ran rt /sf tin,-»» •• ».a.i,LI
held in Germanv that it -would be desirable to
direqttbis migratory population and capitai to
land which sbu'dd he under German domina
tion, to tho Mosquito shore, for instance. It is
not doubted there, that such an influx into an
Unsettled country must create wealth, the arts
and their attendants, nor is it seriously disputed
here, except by some very small and insignifi
cant factions, the natural sores of the body poli
tic. There is no danger of our retrogading in
our policy towards immigrants. All are wel
come to our shores, and not the least welcortie
are the Germans.
Col. Elmore and the Mission to England.—
We understand (says the C»lumb.a Chroni
cle.) that a friend of Col. Elmore arrived in
Charleston last week frmn Washington, autho
rized to press opon Inm tiie Mission to Eng
land, and finding him absent on a visit to this
place, sent an express here after him. We
have not yet learned his decision, hut would be
much gratified if he could make arrangements
to accept tlio post. We believe it is the gener
al desire of his friends that he should do so.—
A desire winch arises from an appreciation of
his talents, and an anxieiy to see Inm in a situ
ation where lie could have scope enough to de-
velope his ability. Differing, us we do, with
Col. Fhnoreon many of tbe political questions
of the day, we have an exalted opinion of his
tulen's and integrity. As a statesman lie is
second to none of bis party in South Carolina,
and no one possesses bis personal influence,—
not even Mr. Calhoun himself His peculiar
talents are better adapted to a diplomatic sta
tion, than those of that eminent man. In the
discussion of an abstract question Mr. Cal
houn is probably his superior; but lie lacks
that knowledge of men and things which Col.
Elmore possesses in a high degree, and which
is so necessary to a diplomatist. In his politic
al career in this State lie has succeeded in ev
ery thing he has undertaken; and, although
his will has apparently been law, he has been
comparitively exempt from tbe jealousy of ri
vals. In accomplishing his purposes lie never
descends to artifice or cunning—the resources
of little minds—lie is no wire-puller, but with
a boldness ai.d frankness, which indicates pa
triotism, he ‘■teadily pursues his object. His
great power lies in personal discussion. He is
earnest without being overbearing, firm with
out stubbornness, and persuasive without dic
tating. As a political leader iie possesses the
tact to silence prejudice, curb the rash, and
stimulate the dull. Probably no politician_in
the State has ever been freer, too, from tho im
putation of sordid motives. It is known that
he has made great pecuniary sacrifices to de-
velope the resources ot this Statu. We al
lude to his persevering efforts to sustain the
Spartanburg Iron Works. IIis patient per
severance in this object, despite the embar-
msments in which it has involved him, is one
of the highest evidences of his patriotism.—
That he will eventually succeed in litis en
terprise, wc have scarcely a doub’. Indeed it
is in reference to it, in some degree, that we
wish him to accept of the Mission. Occupy
ing that high position in England, lie could
have access to information that might be made
useful in the manufacture of iron, and enable
hint on his return to .prosecute the enterprise
with greater success. We shall wait with anx
iety his decision.
HON. BENJAMIN A. B1DLACK.
Mr. Bidlack lias been offered the situation
of Charge to Bogota, and will probably accept
the honor thus kindly tendered to him. He
lias represented a portion of the constituency
ofPennsylvania during the last four years, faith
fully and efficiently, in theCo’ gress of the U-
nited States; and the estimate in which his
services and moral worth are held, is evinced by
the extraordinary unanimity with Winch all
parties and persons in his State and elsewhere
join'-d in recommending him to the favour of
the President.—Constitution.
THE FLORIDA CASE—NOV-EL i,
INTERESTING QUESTION'. *
It seems that the act of Cer.gresi of;},* ,
March, 1845, admitting Florida and "
the Union, did not contain any pro\bi 0|) ^
teh transfer of’the cifacus pending in tl le ^
rior courts of the Territory to the'new
courts of the United Stales created rj,,, 1 /
It was seriously apprehended that, if
triei court should be organized nnd put |. f l
erifioO 'before Congress should have protj^
for the omission', it would arrest these C J^
where they are, and put th- rh out of C( ,
to tire great prejudice of the interests 0 f./
United States. The government intere*tj•
litigation in Florida are said to he imnv r ,j. 1
Under all the circtVmsta'ndes, the P rev ;^
very judiciously declined to appoint ihe offj c
oftlie new court. Until Congress shall have 1
opportunityyif smpjd fing their omission ft J'
vide for the transfer of the caucus, ii'nd i, I
thus kept the affair disembraiassed of tlie'c! a -.(
ing jurisdictions of the several tribunal^'m
leaves the superior courts of the Territorr;,
possession of the same powers which they jj,,'
exercised heretofore, <S:c.
Wc learn, furthermore, that the district)'
torncy for East Florida addressed a leliqrtoir,
Solicitor of the TY6-isury% asking instruct*,.!
upon the subject^ which, passing through p,
Ostial fot ms, lias drawn foith coucnrringn,^
ions from the Attorney General and Sulicj],,
which have received the approbation of
President—that the appointments should ^
and indeed cannot, at this time he made. 1 |
Since then we h.tVe understood that the
licitor has truYtsmuted his instructions to tK«
United States A'torney, in whr'ch he hmf u '; (
discussed the questions involved ; andthtc-
clarions became to will be readily undrntooi
when we add that "the United States Att.irnev
Was insfi-uctcd 10 proceed in the causes ftri)^
. present, as- if tire act for the admission of fi 0r ,
da into the Union had not passech
This being a m liter of much public contcr.
ment and general interest, \ve do not hctcen,
any good reason why the same should not b.
laid before the public whom it most concern.
At all events we shall apply for leave tu tri;
and publish copies of these interest tig coning,
mentions; and if successful, they will shonh
appear in our columns. Washington Unitr.’
of format : on in every part of Germanv, would
not only naturally come to look upon this coun
try as the future home of their members, but
with more extended commercial intercourse,
their'plans would be more complete unci eco-
nnmical. - A printed circular promulgated in
Germany during tbe year 1841, shows that the
niimher of individuals who, on the average of
the last few years, annually migrate from tier-
many, chiefly to ihe United States, is about
30,000, nnd that they carry with them at feast
a capital of four millions of our money. It is
FATAL affray—a man killed.
As chroniclers of passing events, it becomes
our painful duty to announce the sudden death
of Dyer Davis, of this county. Various re
ports are in circulation respecting this unfortu
nate affair, but the following is a brief state
ment oftlie particulars, so far as wo have been
able to gntherthem-
It appears, that on Saturday evening last.
Mr. Davis being very much intoxicated, called
at the house of Mr. Rohert Fluker, and hav
ing caded Mr. F.. to ihe gate, after a few mo
ments conversation, Davis became abusive, and
finally assaulted Fluker, who being less athlet
ic, was badly beaten in the affray—others in
the mean time, interfered nnd parted them.
But Davis still dissatisfied, again assaulted Flu-
ker, swearing that lie inte> tied “to bear him to
death.” Fluker, however, by this time had
drawn a pocket knife, and warned Davis of the
fact, ami not to approach him, at tho peril of
his life. Davis rushed upon him—threw him,
and while upon him. received a wound upon
tbe side of the throat, which dividing the jug
ular vein, lie died in a fw minutes. He has
left a wife and young family, who have our
sympathies.
Mr. Fluker has always been considered a
peaceable, good citizen ; and tal 1 hough this oc
curroncc is most melancholy, we believe with
the whole community, that if there ever was a
case of justifiable homicide, this was one.
The verd'Ct oftlie coroner’* Jury, was that he
came to his death “on the 10th of May at the
house of Robert Fltiker, by the said Robeit
Fluker. with a small pocket knife, in bis own
d* fence.’’—Sandcrsvillc Trlrscnpe.
New Post Office Regulations.—Among the
instructions from the Postmaster General to
the deputy postmasters throughout tlio Union,
relative to the operations of thu new post of
fice low, the following, n-ga-ding the transmis
sion of money for newspaper, subscriptions, is
worthy of all praise, as well as of general pub
licity^ It is us follows :
** Money for newspaper subscriptions not ex
ceeding $10 in each case, may be paid to a
Postmaster for the purpose of being paid to the
pub! shur of a newspaper at any otlrer office.—
I lie Postmaster is, in each case, to give to the
person paying the money, a receipt therefor,
and to advise forthwith the Postmaster, who is
to pay said amount of such deposit. Upon pre
sentation of this receipt, the amount is to he
paid over. The Postmaster receiving the
amount is to debit himself therewith in this ac
count, and the Postmaster paying that amount
is to credit himself therewith in his account of
contingent expenses.”
This is an arrangement which will entitle
Postmaster Johnson to the thanks and gratitude
of the newspaper press of the country.
VIRGINIA ELECTIONS.
The result of the elections tfiiiapiwgkn
greatly surpassed our most sanguine expecia.
lion's. From all licit we-have learriCthfronitbe
different parts oftlie Stale, our majority m the
Legislature on joint ballot, will not be short of
twenty ; and if the Democratic gains continue
to come in as they have dune for the lastm*
days, it would not surprise us if wc shoiilj
h i ve a majority of thirty. The Old Dominioa
has again covered herself with glory! So much
for the indefatigable zeal and determined spirit
of the true Republicans of our country. T|«
indicated complexion of the next Legislature
augurs well f>r Messrs. Carson and Lovett,
who. we understand, have already given notice
to Messrs Wall and Catber, oflheir delurmim.
lion to contest their claims to sea's in the Howe
of Dclegat'-s. We wish them every succta;
for we have no notion of the election of a coun
ty being carried by persons who have no other
right to vote, except upon the faith of a deed
or tfeed< eonveving lands lying, for sug t tic
sellers or buyers know, in the rn<>on, or some
other mote distant planet. Much has been
said about the McDonald voters, or “serf?,” as
they are called. T'ne.se are bad enough,'emj
body knows, but they are . not ii patching &
some of the spurious Frederick votes. By tie
bye. how pleasant “Lord Angus” must fed,
after incurring all the disgrace llmt lias, and al
ways should attend such a transaction, then to
meet with so disastrous and lamentable a de
feat! We reckon ho wishes tImre for wIio«e
lives his serfs hold their land, or rather hi*bud,
were dead. And then there is poor William
Cast-out Rives. He should learn the li-ssmi,
**. Know thyself.”
-From present appearances, wc shall carry
at least thi'feen. if not fourteen mouthers vl
Congress, of the lift' cn. to which this State ii
enti'led. John S. Pendleton, fiom the old fed
eral' Loudoun District, will, we think, stanl
sol tatv and alone amongst the Virginia Repre
sentatives. He was o- ce ol the rig t fifth, ta
he has been acting with the self-'tyfad Whig
party so !o"g, that by this time perhaps, lie htt
persu -ded himself that lie lias never changed.
And we t»>i; k that it m quite likely he has iM
undergone a thorough change, particularly it
relation to a United States Bank, Prot retire
Tariff, &c-; for if our memory is not at fault,
ho was certainly o thodoX according to the
Democratic creed, upon these subjects, os re
cently as 1840. But what effect going to Chili,
and then funnfeg for Congress in a Bunk anil
Tariff" District, might have in uprooting and
eradicating his old predileciit ns and prejudices
we cannot as yet s«y. Be this, however, as it
may, Mr. Pendleton is i roan of a fine orderof
talents, an orator surpassed by but few, and*
gentleman of the old Virginia stamp. Bathe
will be in the midst of an array of talent from
this State, which will dim much the lustre of
his Congressional career. It is needless for u<
to enumerate them. They, or many of them-
have, already attained n high standing and w*
many laurels; and from their shining talents*
course pf brilliant usefulness js vet expect**} 01
them.
We cannot close our reflections upon, tins
topic, without adverting to the calm which fcs>
succeeded the tempestuous excitement of tii*
recent canvass, and availing ourselves of ft, to
say that the Democracy should n**\V Ulrji tiicif
eyes to the future. Eet the past he f •ri’dt cni
except so far as we can derive a lessoft. Vft
should remember our harmonious and untiring
efforis only to bo emulated—and our discord
and errors only t>> be avoided as the rock on
which our political barque may, in an unguard-'
cd hour, be Impelesslv wrecked.-
Starvation in Poland.—Letters from Polin'!
Duelling in Louisiana.,—The Convention
now in session to alter the constitution, have in
corporated a section in the general priitiiions
of the co- stitmion, which disfranchises and
renders ineligible for onv civil oflite ufider the
State nny person who shall hereafter fight n
duel, be a second at a duel, or carry a chah
lengc to fight a duel.
state that the distress there is frightful; peopi"
were dying at times of hunger, sometime*
cold. The harvest last year was destroyed
by the overflow of the Menial. The dextriicj
lion ol cattle occasioned by the want of fo°d
was considerable. The prospect for fhrs Test"
is no better,- for half the wint'ei* gri.'n' ?s gone*
and the great masses of siioXv still lying otftW
ground threatens fresh inundations.
A Lost son.
ULYSSES EWING left my pfaceof Res
idence the 1st of Feb. A. 0. 1844, for
purpose of hunting business ?n the l«>;ver coun
try, and ha's never returned nor written fo M
Paretns, nor have we ever heard any thinfcff
him, on which we could rely. I thcrwff
mbit sirrfcnrely request of evetyedito#
Texas and the United States,- to give thi* #“ •
vertisefi/ent u few publicatforts; and sltoufd
ny perso'n tvlio may notice tins have it In tfH*
power to let me know where he isj they wtjV
! confei a lasting fuvour On his Parents bjr wrr
I ting to thetfi upotl the subject, and direct th* 1
i letter to - JOIlft B. S'. EWIN0
I Lamar County,-T<J>) J ’