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LFrarn the V tb He Remitter, Mint *7.] OORn.KSi'OXDBNCE WITH MR. OAI.HOUN’.^ Mobile, April 21, 1S45. It on. J. C. Calhoun. Dear Sir: At a democratic meeting held in this city on the 1 l*.h instant, tlie undersigntd were appointoJ a committee ‘‘to express the cordial approbation of the meeting of your pub- lie conduct, their gratitude for your services, and to offer to you on the part of the meeting such other manifestation of their respect and es teem ns we might think proper. In carrying out the purpose of this resolution, wo beg leave to assure you of the high sense felt by your democratic fellow citizens of this place, of your distinguished public services, and especially of the wisdom, firmness and pa triotism that marked your conduct as Secreta ry of Sta'o, under the late administration. Grateful as this duty is to us, wo fear that we can but lamely express the admiration felt for those talents that have lifted you so high in the World’s regard, and the devotion of whicn to the public interests has tended so much to a right understanding of our peculiar form of government, and reflected such lasting glory upon the country. It is to your public efforts that your fellow thfzons arc mainly indebted for a true exposi tion of the relative powers and duties of the State and Federal Governments. From you they have learned the great truth, that the harmony of all can only be preserved by each one’s confining ils action within the al lot ted sphere, and that the rights of the people and the States can only be properly secured by carefully guarding against the centralizing tendency of our federative system. It was mado especially our duty to thank you for the manner in which, as Secretary of State, you conducted the negotiations for the re-annexa tion of Texas. You were chiefly instrumen tal in effecting the settlement of that great question, upon which rational prosperity and the security of the south so much depend. In your official papers is to be found a noble vin dication of the character and rights of the southern people; and our gratitude is due to you for the rescue of that rich section of our continent from fanatical influence and Europe-’ an dominion. And now when every indica- lion promises the addition of Texas to our ftm- ily of Stales, thus affording security to the south ern seaboard and opening a wider field for the march of republican institutions, permit us to assure you of ourgrateful sense of your agency in effecting this great result. Many, very many of your fellow citizens in this quarter of the union, earnestly desire to see and hear you, and shake you by the hand; and for them we would pres- you to gratify their wishes. As an evidence of their approbation of your public and private life, we are instructed to tender you a Public Dinner, to be given in this place at such lime as you may designate. Wo have understood that it was your inten tion, ere long, to visit this State, and we trust that you will extend your journey to Mobile, and afford us an opportunity of manifesting the sincere regard in which you arc held by Your friends and fellow citizens, PERCY WALKER, - } THOS. HOLLAND, | THOS. McGRAN, )■ Committee. J. A. CAMPBELL, I W. II. IIALLETT, j Fort Hill, 15th May, 1S45. Gentlemen :—From somo delay in the mail, I did not receive, until a few days since, your letter of the 2lst April, informing me, that at a democratic meeting held in the city of Mobile on tho 14th of the same month, you were ap pointed a committc, to express the cordial ap probation of the meeting of my public conduct; their gratitude for my services, and to offer on the part of the meeting, such other manifesta tions of their respect and esteem as you might think proper. 1 will not attempt to express the deep grat itude I feel for the warm approbation of nfiy public conduct and services expressed by the meeting in their resolutions, and the very ac ceptable manner in which you have performed the duty entrusted to you. In performing it, you have alluded with par- icular appro bation to my conduct and services in reference to State Rights,and during that pe riod I filled, for a tdiort time, the Sla’e Depart ment under the late administration. To no part of my public life do I look back with greater pleasure, than that devoted to ex pounding and maintaining the relations botween the Federal and State Government on which the doctrine of Slate Rights depend, and it is a great consolation for me to think it has not been jn vain. The Federal Government regarded in its federative character, in which States and not individuals, are its constituents, is the most re markable ever formed; and promises, if carried out honestly unJ fairly as such, a higher degree of prosperity and happiness, than lias ever fal len to the lot of any people. On tho other hand, regarded as a national Government, in which individuals and not States arc the con stituents, it has nothing novel of remarkable about it. Instead of a great. Federal iJepublic, as it is, it would be in t|pH character a huge'- un wieldy democracy* destined to be torn in.° fragments by hoslilo and conflicting interests, and to terminate in convulsions. Such being my conviction, I felt it to be my duty to mnin- tnin the Federal character of the Government ngainst the national or consolidative, at any sacrifice and hazard, and shall continuo to do so long as it shall please the author of my being to spare my life. , . , . , . Tlie services I rendered during the period l filled the State Department were performed under great difficulties and embarrassments.— Nothing, indeed, but the magnitude of the nuostions involved in the negotiations in rc.cr- onco to Texas ami Oregm, with tho difficulties nnd embarrassments encircling them, and the ■mammons call of the country to take charge of the negotiations, cook) have meuced me to lonve mv retirement and return to public life.— Besides' thece that were intrinsic, there were manv that were of an extraneous character. Among others, tho administration was lite rally without a party in Congress nnd very fee- r>lvsup|*orlcd by the people; and the presiden- riid question was pending, which experience Wl taught me overruled in a great measure all others The negotiation 1 in reference to Texas ficst claimed my attention, because it was the most pressing and could not l>c delayed Wit.iout a hazard. In order to avoid the difficulties and embarrassments which l apprehended from the presidential election, I resolved to keep entirely aloof from the party politics of the day, and especially from questions relating to the elec tion, and to use my efforts to induce the can didates-not to commit themselves against an. nexation. I had little apprehension tha. Mr. Van Buren would, as a great mnjonly of his friend.., with Gw. iackso;, at their head, ha declared for it. The position of Mr. Clay w s d fit*p-nt* Tha mnu?s of h«5 friends in the north opposed it, which I feared would sway him. In order to prevent it it possible, I saw some of his most prominent friends, with whom 1 was on friendly terms, and used etery argu ment I could with them, to exert their influence to prevent him from coming out against it^ It was all in vain. His letter in opposition soon after appeared, nnd Mr. \ an Buren » followed shortly after, most unexpectedly to Their effect was great. Mr. Clays friends were rallied against it almost to a man, a!- • though the great body of them in the West and South were disposed to support it, and not a few of the prominent openly committed in its fuvor. It was different with Air- Y an Buren s— The great body of his supporters remained firm in its support; but an active, influential and not an inconsiderable number adhered to hij course. Indeed, the stand taken by tlie seiecied candidates of the two great parties, with the influence of the presidential question and the feebleness of the administration in Con gress and the country, seemed, for a time, to render the prospect of success almost hopeless. To these causes of opposition there must be taken into consideration another, to realize the difficulties and embarrassments that stood in the way of the success of the measure. I a - lude to abolition. It may, indeed, be truly regarded as the main spring which puts the oth ers in motion. ^ The abolition party in the North and West had taken an early and decided stand against if, nnd had gone so for as to adopt measures to influence the party in Great Brinan, and through them the British Government, to op pose it, as the most effectual means of abolish ing slavery in the United States and throughout the continent. To consummate tins grand nnd well laid scheme, it was indispensable that Texas should be prevented from being annex ed to our Union ; while the only possible way to defeat it and prevent the mighty consequen ces which would flow from it, was the annex ation of Texas. The course of the British Government at an early stage of the negotiation, mado it mnnilest that it had warmly and fully embraced the scheme. The declaration made by its minis ter at Washington to our Government before it had fairly commenced ( a copy of which was left at the Department of State after I hau en tered on its duties.) left not .a doubt on that point. It indeed, as well as avowed it, by de clarin'* that Great Britian desired to see sla- very abolished in Texas and throughout tlie world, and that she was using constant ef forts to effect it, and by inference, that she was using her influence and diplomacy with Mex ico to agree to recognize the independence ot Texas, on condition that she should abolish I saw in this declaration, thus formally made to our government, a confirmation of what l be lieved to be her scheme of policy in connection with nliich Texas should or should not be an nexed ; and that if it succedcd, its inevitable ’ r» td the final consumma- consequences woutu be t . - , f ,, tion of her great and deep (fe^gn, t ° bef °' 1 °" cd by the desolation of the soul.), lh ° F 0 * 1 ™' tion of the commerce and prosperity o*U*8 con tinent, with a monopoly on her part of the great tropical products of sugar, coffee, rice, tobac- co and cotton, which are almost exclusively, as far as this continent is concerned, the result of slave labor. Seeing all this, the question presented to me was, hoiy shall the declaration of the British government be met 1 Shall it be silently pass ed over, leaving annexation to be urged on oth. er and different grounds, or shall it be directly and boldly met and exposed 1 It is not in my nature to hesitalo between such alternatives. Mv conviction is deep, that truth, modesty and plain dealing is the true pol icy on all occasions in tho management of pub* lie affairs, including diplomatic; and I resol ved. without hesitation, to take them^ns my guides on this memorable occasion From the Baltimore American. REVOLUTION IN CALIFORNIA- Wo mentioned a day or two ago, without having any knowledge of the circumstance which led to it, that an insurrection in Califor nia against the Governor of the Province, Gen. Manuel Micheltorena, had succeeded. A let ter from Monterey, published in the Yv ashing, ton Union of Thursday evening, places us in possession of the facts. About eight years ago Don Juan L>.. Alvafa- do, Don Jose Castro, nnd others, Californians by birth, aided by several foreigners, took pos session of the town of Monterey, tho arch.ves THE TELEGRAPH AND REPIBLIC. Wednesday, June U, 1845* Office Telegraph & RFrur.Lic, > -45. y The de feat of this deep laid scheme; tlie success of annexation, (as may now be almost certainly said) the vindication of the great institution on which our safety depends, and the rescue ot the commerce of the continent from the grasp of commercial monopoly, have been tho result, and I may add as laras I am individually con cerned, your approbation, that of the meeting you represent, and if I may judge from indica tions, nearly of the whole country now of my course. But at tho time the approbation wns not so unanimous. Denunciations then, loud and deep, fell on my hend. I was charged with introducing a new local subject of little importance into the Texan is- sue, with the base design of injuring the pros pect of one of the presidential candidates, and of dissolvin'* the Union J And many, who did not go so far, cvcif southern men whose all was at stake, thought that I acted injudiciously in introducing the slave question and gTOg * such prominence; that it was calculated to have a bad party effect nnd to drive off some of the party who were not sound on the subject of ab olition, or who desired to obtain the votes ot abolitionists. But 1 pass them by without re mark or comment now, when time and experi ence and the approbation of the country sanc tion tho wisdom of tho course 1 adopted. Thu absorbing character of the negotiation in reference to Texas, did not so engross my at tention as to neglect that of Oregon. soon as the former was .sufficiently despatched and tho business of tho department brought up. I entered on that. I left it an unfinished state, and as it is still pending, 1 ant not at liberty U> speak of tho course I took in reference to it , but I trust, when it comes to bo made public, it will not be less successful in meeting your approbation and that of the country generally. It is a subject not without great difficulties; and I feel assured I shall be pardoned forex- pressing a hope that it may bo so conducted by those to whose bands it is entrusted to finish tho negotiation, os to bring it to a successful and satisfactory termination, and thus avoid an ap peal to arms. Neither country can possibly gain any thing by such an appeal, or can possi bly desire it ifitcanbe honorably avoided. In conclusion, I assurer you and through you those vou represent, that it would afford me crcat pleasure to partake of the public dinner yon liave tendered me in their name, and ol formin'* the personal acquaintance of my nu merous* friends in ycur city ; but it is not now in my power. P robnb * 9 '’ h< ? wever * ‘J?* 1 shall visit my son who resides ... your State sometime next autumn; and in that event 1 will make it a point to visit Mobile.when I shall be happy to'meet you and all my fnenis. With great: respect, yours truly, J. C. CALHOUN. To Percy YValker, Thomas Holland, Thom as M’Grnn, Wm. R. Halltti', rad J. A. Camp bell, Esqrs. It Douglas Jerrold is the writer of Mrs. Cau dle’s famed “Curtain Lectures” in Punch. and government property, chartered an pngr ]ish vessel, and sentthe Mexican General, his officers and their families to lower Caldorma, and left them there, to find their way to Mexi- co as they could. The Californians then pro ceeded to take possession of every part of Cali fornia, with the different missions, and the ma ny cattle belonging to the missions, and the dit- ferent offices of honor and profit within this de partment, The Mexicans remaining in tin. country made an effort to put them down, but failed.’ The Californians marched two or three times up and down the coast, continuing a part of the foreigners under high pay. Bus- tumente; the President of Mexico, tiie second year after this revolution, confirmed tho Cali fornians in their different employments. Du ring the time they held command they older- ed almost every Englishman and American (their former confederates) to be arrested.— Over one hundred were imprisoned in Mon terey at one time—over fifty of these in a low, damp room, less than 20 feet square, without floor or windows. In May, the same year, many of the men were chained, six and eight to a bar, put into the hold of a vessel, and sent to San Bias. Fifteen months afterwards the gov ernment of Mexico sent part of them back to Monterey—several dying from fatigue and pft- vntions. In the year 1843 General Michelto rena arrived in California with some three or four hundred officers and soldiers, and by order of President Santa Anna took command—put ting out of office some of the Californians. Last November, Senors Castro, Alvarado, and many of their countrymen, again rose with the deter mination of sending out of their country the Mexican troops. The two parties met and made a treaty. Within a month, however, they each denied the treaty and again took up arms. General Micheltorena had in his service two hundred foreigners, English, Germans and Americans, who had taken up the Government cause to put down the rebellion; and several of them were the same who helped to put the Cal. ifornians into office eight years before, and were, some years afterwards, imprisoned and shipped in irons without any trial. A large portion of the foreigners who entered the service of tlio Mexican Governmentarrived in California to wards the close of the last year over the Rocky Mountains from our Western States. 1 hose were marched with the Mexican troops, but had their own officers chosen from among them • selves, Captain John A. Sutter,a Swiss officer, (formerly of Charles X’s guard in Paris.; being their commander and leader, and a Captain Gant, or Grant, it is said.) formerly of the Uni ted Slates Army, their Captain. Hostilities were kept up between tlfe parties until the 21st of February last, when the Cali fornians succeeded in their efforts against tlie government of the regular Governor and Com mandant General, Don Manuel Micheltorena. After a final buttle, a treaty was made, by which it was agreed that every person on either side might go where he wished—the soldiers to go to San Bias or remain citizens o. California. Tho Mexican officers who wish to remain will continue to hold their commissions and pav. Micheltorena was to goto St. Bias. Don Pico has become Governor, as he is the leading member of the House of Deputies of State Le gislature; and Don Jose Custro has become Commandant General of California. Califor nia, from^Bodega to San Diego, is once more under ils own command—the Russians having left Bodega, which now belongs to Captain S. Smith, said to belong to Baltimore, who is a na turalized citizen of California. Macon, May 27th, 1845 The new post oflico law going into operation on the 1st of July, will deprive Postmasters of I a \ ability and virtue the privilege of franking. We hope our subscribers in tho country will avail themselves of the intervening time to re mit their respective dues to this office for sub scriptions and save us the postage that must accrue after that period. Arrangements have been mado to enlarge and issue this paper on ii new press and type on and after the first of Julv. With the commencement of the approa ching campaign the Telegraph will be prepared Tlie Convention, While it is the great fundamental principle of our government to acknowledge equal po litical right3, to enforce equal obligations and duties,and to mete out equal and exact justice^to all, it cannot be denied that the franchises cast up- on every citizen under our happy system, were entrusted to them as a sacred depositc for lhe encouragement of individual, as well us nation- At the formation of our fOKEItLN ADVICES. We avail ourselves to-day of the following remarks from the Washington Union on the extracts from the English prints received by the Great Western at New Y’ork from Liverpool, which follows : the forms which were then established, based all their hopes of the success of republican in stitutions upon the vitality of this principle. Here, then, while they raised the standard of the rights of man, they perceived the necessity ofa corresponding moral and intellectual eleva tion. This was the text of the Revolution — the ruling, vital principle — the hope that ani mated the patriot’s heart, os lie looked for te bear its portion of the “ dust and heat” of | ward through succeeding generations and saw battle. If not as ably, it will at least as zeal ously sustain tlie consecrated and tiine-lionorcd principles of Republicanism as any journal in the State. Will our friends aid us by their co-operation 1 REMOVAL. QJ** The Telegraph Printing Office' lias been removed to the tenement adjoining the Carriage and Saddlery establishment of Messrs. Wrigley & Hart, on Second Street. Will? Strategy. We are pleased to find that the nomination of Col. Chappell meets with unanimous appro- al. That it should be pleasing to every Dem ocrat in the district, we were prepared to ex pect ; but we scarcely hoped that our Whi, friends would receive it with such manifesta tions of pleasure, as are betokened in the last Messenger. The editor concludes his remarks by saying : “We are not prepared to say that lie will meet with opposition.’ If the Messenger’s party should adopt this course, and run no opposition to Col. Chappell we shall not question its motives or particular policy for doing so. But we will take the lib erty of warning the Democratic party of their general policy for this campaign; which is 1st, to nominate their strongest men in the SoDato rial diotriole’vvhoro tho Whig party havo a ma jority, in order to bring out all their strength at the election; and 21, in the districts where tho Democratic party are certain of success, to nominate no Whig candidate, in order to lull the Democrats into a sense of security, while they secretly insinuate a good word for Gov. Crawford, and slip in a chance representative to vote for tho rc-e'ection of that delectable poli tician John Macplicrson Berrien, to tlie United States Senate. Of the claims of Gov. Crawford tq any pecu liar merit as a financier and political reformer, as urged in the article above alluded to, we shall take occasion to discuss very fully and freely from and after the third Monday of the present month. Our whig cotemporaries have enjoyed almost a monopoly, in descanting on these topics heretofore; but when the steeds are brought fairly to the starting point, they will find there are two opinions on all these MAGNETIC TELEGRAPH. The Washington correspondent of the Jour nal of Commerce of the 20th ult. says : “ I understand that the New York Magnet ic Telegraph Company, having filled their stock, are ready to proceed to the completion of the line of communication between Balti more and New Y'ork. This design may, how ever, be frustrated by the shortsighted rapacity of tho railroad companies, the use of whose travel is wanted. In that case tho funds of the Company arc to be employed in establishing a telegraphic line between New York and Bos ton—a route which will, doubtless, prove much more profitable than the other. Should the ex periment succeed, a line from Bangor to New Orleans will soon be established and another* probably westward to St. Louis. Mr. Kendall it is said calculates that the stock of the Com pany will yield a dividend of twenty-five per cent. per annum. This estimate is founded, believe, on the postages received from the Go vernment Express Mail. *. Another scheme for forwarding the whole mail, at the rate of sixty miles an hour, which is rapid enough for practical purposes, is now in agitation. Experiments arc soon to be made, which will demonstrate its entire lensi bility. It will bo a cheap mode of transporting the mail—and is far preferable even to the at mospheric rail-road talked of in England.” ANOTHER FIRE AT PITTSBURG, This doomed city has boon visited with an other destructive fire. On Tuesday, the 27th of May last the fire broke out in a stable belong ing to Mr. Samuel Young, in 7th street, nnd in less than three licurs, about sixty or seventy houses in tho most densely populated part of the Town were destroyed. The houses were mostly occupied by those who had been burn ed out by the ever-memorable fire of the 10th of April ult., and consequently these unfortunate individuals, arc again turned loose upon the world, houseless and shirtless. Thcro seems to be no doubt but that the fire was the work of an incendiary. YVe thankfully acknowledge our obligations to the Hon. Mr. Chappell member of Congress from the State of Georgia, for a copy of Ins speech in behalf of Texas. From this ab.e document we learn that when Virginia gave to the United Stales her vast North Western 1 cr- ritory, she submitted to the following condition imposed by the Northern States upon a volun tary surrender. “There shall neither be slavery nor involun tary servitude in the sind territory.” Hence have resulted the three largo free states of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois, which have thus given a political ascendancy to the North, by tho voluntary cession of Virginia. But not satisfied with this libera! and munificent surren der of territory, they charge upon the slave States a selfish and monopolizing policy, and again wished to impose upon Texas a similar condition to her admission in to the union.— Galveston Ncics. ganizing an J directing the energies of a state, as his friends would have us believe; and in simply executing existing laws in collecting the debts due the Central Bank, and applying the naturedly suffered -them to choose their own ground lor every conflict. We do not object to tht position they have entrenched themselves in on this occasion — behind the financial abil ities of the Governor. We will meet them on that issue, and all its collaterals. And we shall moreover, take the liberty of varying the time- honored custom, by introducing a few other small issues, which wo hope they will not es teem altogether foreign. One of these will be “The war fever lies somewhat died a.vay, in ennsequouee of the indications from this side of the water, by the Caledo. nia, being less warlike than was expected from the bra*,, does of dir Robert Peel and the blusters of the English newspapers. In < onscquence, “tlie aspect of the commer cial aflairs is, on .the whole, more favorable," though the price of cotton has fallen—a sign that the English pnreha- rrovemment, those that were most friendly to j sfrs were speculating on peace. The Liverpool.correspon. b“ no*- 1 ' , , | dentof the “ New \ ork Courier and Enquirer' writes, tha. “nothing, however, of an official diameter, lias transpired upon the Oregon question; but the temperate tone ol'mo6t of the American public papers in relation to it, and the con fidence pretty generally expressed in the mercantile ad»i- ce3 from the United States, that it would net lend to a rnn- lure, have greatly allayed the uneasiness which prevailed, here ; but, of course, later accounts, and something to show the feeling of the government of the United S’ates, will bo anxiously looked for. The British prints generally express a strong desire fur peace with the United States, but contend that the only way to prevent war is to effect some compromise on the Oregon question. We leave this question in the hands of our own government—satisfied, as they must be. that, desirable as peace may be to their own countrymen, they ask only for an honorable" peace ; that, while they deprecate war, they dep- recate still more any sacrifice of the national righis or na tional honor. Perhaps we could not present, or thej could not have, a more complete exponent of the national 6e:iti- ment of America, than the extract of a letter which wa sab- join, from one of the most gallant patriots in all the West, It was intended as a private letter; and our correspondent as lie was the last to expect it, will be the first to be aiton- ished at seeing himself in print. Hut it is on this very ac- count the best expouent of the free sentiments of our coun trymen. The British prints are still blustering about war—as if they could expect that the people of the United States, who have twice defied the power of Great Britain, and twieo foiled ler in open arms, are to be intimidated from tho present support of their “clear and unquestionable rights" by any idle menaces of such journals as the “ London Times," or “Willmer’s Times,” or the still more arrogant and indecent vituperation of the " Liverpool Mail” of the 17th ult. How can Willmer’s Times serve its cause by such state ments as these lines convey ? It is well understood on this side of tlie water—it is still better known at Washington, that the British cabinet havo come to the conclusion that the present is tlie time for bring ing this matter to an issue. To let it slip would prove them as arrant bunglers as their antagonist. Diplomacy, like the chess-board, consists of a series of successful moves, and a skilful player can hardly be blamed for check mating his rival. The affair might have remained in abey. nnce another quarter of a century, as it has done durin» the last half century, and every year would have increased the means, on the purt of America, of a successful resistance— decreased, in the same ratio, the power fcf Britain to sustain, or take forcible possession of the Oregon. _ The tide of era- i-ratton, which is daily flowing to the West, would have peopled it in a few yeats with the Anglo-American race, who would have held their own against all intruders.— These advantages have been cast to the winds; and nothing appears to remain but mutual concession, or the settlement of the question by the strongest arm. Here, again, the evil genius of the President confronts him. The temple of J». nusis closed—we are at peace with the world._ Our Indi an empire is consolidated—our colonies in China art pro- gressing. The British Exchequer is full to repletion—its r.avy is in admirable trim. Our steamers sweep every ses; onr means of transporting troops, whether from Europe or from Asia, were never more complete—more perfect.— There never was a period in the nistory of this country when it was better prepared for war—never did a question exist,not on its abstract merits, but because of its concomi tant swagger, on which less diversity of opinion prevails, and with heart and soul would the dernier resort be enter ed upon and pursued- “We do not write in a partisan spirit. Nothing, Hesrea knows, should we regard as a greater national calamity than a rupture with tlie United States; and we should be lorry to say or do any thing which could in the remotest degree precipitate it. It i* painful—harrowing—even to contem plate auch a contingency. The elements of society would be convulsed; commerce Would be swept from the ocein; and the ties of interest, and even of consanguinity, would be rudely snapped asunder. Upon England it would inflict all but irreparable injury, and America would hardly suffer less intensely. May so fearful a consummation be averted! "If the President is obstinate, and will concede nothing, the party which elected may feel bound in consistency to sustain him, and the voice of the more sober and discreet portion of the Union will probably be drowned in the ara.- lanche. We sincerely hope that discreet councils will pre vail: and that both governments, conceding something for the sake of peace, may bring the matter to a timely and sat isfactory adjustment. But it is folly to biink the fact, that the 'black cloud in the West’, to which Sir Hubert I’eel so portentously alluded, looks threatening, and may burst with devastating fury.’” “What benefit can "the Liverpool Mail” promise itself, by its illiberal abuse of our strength, our institutions, and our Chief Magistrate? For example, what American heart does not scorn the following outpourings from the vial of its wrath 7” ‘"And, we ask, when did the citizens of the United States cease to carry on a civil war of cheating, robbing and swin dling, against this country ? She boasts of her honor. Can she pay her just debts? She brags of her power! She cannot make a gun to arm her most formidable frigate, the Princeton. The only national bank she ever possessed was founded upon English capital; and, according to her usual practice, and the rules of her government, she swindled and 'robbed the English shareholders. In thort, and in plain terms, the whole system qf Republicanism in the United Stales is founded on robbery. The revolution teas a premeditated act of robbery; sympathy of its leading revolutionists icilti France, teas an act of -unquestiona ble' and unpardonable viltany. These be liard words; but their truth is demonstrated in every act of that sense less and dishonored democracy. There are, however, ma ny sensible men in America—men of properly and influence who see that dishonesty does not prosper—that limits.ars set to mob rule—and that the time has come when the in stitutions of the United States must undergo a change for tlie oenersl benefit of tlie Commonwealth. These thinking men ihiuk that the time is now. We agree witU'thrm— Mr. President Polk is an instrument—and an ignorant though a useful one. While he has been flogging hie slaves, the Christian world has undertaken the duty of flogging the slave owner; and in the conflicting course of discipline, the breeder of, and dealer in, slaves, must lake tlie conse quence.” ‘ “These British journalists scarcely “know what they do." They are embittering the feelings of Americans, and con tributing, by their unwarrantable insolence, to excite onr pride, and to disturb tlie relations of the two countries.— We are a proud people, and we despise their insults and defy their threats. Can they really ao far deceire thun- 6clvcs as to suppose Wb can be deceived about the dinger which threatens their own country ? Mr. Jefferson s>id that war was a game at which two nations strove wliiclt should do each other the most harm. Have they so poor an opinion of our sagacity as to suppose that we do not sea the weak points in their entrenchments 7 Let war be wa ged, and what become* of their famished manufacturers t Let war be continued, and the threat of the western cham pion will be carried out We will scarcely have a Brilisli foot to tread the soil of this great continent. Let her mer chants appreciate the ruin which threatens her comineree. Let her financiers calculate the fate of her nocks, and die augmentation of her nationul debt. Let the language of her own papers instruct her what is to become of Ireland.” •‘‘The Liverpool Times of the Oth has a long article oa the effects produced among their ‘foreign and Irish neigh bors.’ by Sir Robert Peel's 'enormous indiscretion, in drag- ging'Mr. Polk and Oregon into the May nooth debate.’ Tha rejoiemg of die Irish at the prospect of thus being enabled to compel England to rome to terms, is dwelt upon at length, and .extracts are given from articles in some of the Iris,, papers on tlie subject. The Waterford Chronicle says li the Irish ask is ‘life for Ireland;’ and adds, that ‘if war was waging along the Canadian frontier, and if 30 sail of the French line were confronting (he English fleet in St- George's channel, they would hot long be without life for Ireland;’ it further exhorts the Irish, before they consent to bo'conciliated’ by the Mavnootli grant, to remember that the concession is made at a moment when 'England cannot depend upon the Russian woman-dogger, Nicholas, or sn? other power, to help her over this bit of a fix in which sl» seems to he placed with regard to the Oregon territory.' • “The Belfast Vindicator goes still further, and putstb'J hypothesis: ‘Suppose a war with France and America,a«“ all its embarrassments, and a people here determined :» make use of these embarrassments: would England fire • gun until Ireland was free? Who recruit her ranks’^' Forty thousand Irishmen are in her service, raising t 5 temple of her glory, but not daring to inscribe lhair 0*®*J on the entablature.’ Sven their neutrality—even our rc!“; sal to enlist in the ranks—wou'd impede her course, frightfully embarrass her. But if not merely neutral. 1’“ constitutionally opposed, how could England war wn» paralyzed—nay, a hostile right arm. 1 ’' • “The Times treats all this as mere hypothesis. very severe upon Sir Robert Peel for giving the In* ! opportunity thus to threaten. Itanys: •The integrity of tlie empire is shaken, the Frenrn callcd'to our shores to battle array, Canada is ffi««M . invasion, Oregon seized. Great Britain and Ireland aI ! 1)g agined in actual war, our army is supposed melting ' c j.. ° _u —j——• ~t a case W ** ith the Ordiaaff stamped upon all the institutions of his country the evidences of man’s capacity for self-gov ernment. But it is sufficient for our purpose now to state the facts and leave to abler hands and more extended labours, the duty of trac ing the causes and suggesting such correctives as the evil may seem to require. No one will pretend to deny that it too often happens in tins State, as well as in every other State in the Union, that merit and services are alike for gotten, and the honors nnd rewards of office too frequently bestowed not upon the most ca pable and able, but upon the paltry sycophant who has crept up by the oblique path which honor disdains. The patriotic lover of his country, no more than the sincere Christian, should be willing to see the world set in mo tion by a wooden divinity. Nor can the spi rit of our institutions long be preserved unless they are invigorated by a wholesome public opinion in the bestowal of office. To the calm and unbiassed observer the present is an im portant crisis in the history of the republican party of Georgia A crisis fraught with con sequences extending beyond the present time and reaching into futurity. It is on that ac count we desire to adJress a few words to our friends to day, without prejudice or passion, and without intending to detract from the claims of any one. Before this sheet reaches our distant readers, Hie dny appointed for the nom ination of a republican candidate for Governor will be at hand. Let us therefore arouse our Whole energies. Let the delegates to the convention be assured that no exertion the} can possibly put forth for the harmony and success of our party, and the triumph of our principles, will be more than called for by the dignity and importance of the occasion, and the great principles which the struggle will involve. Let them cast off as unworthy of themselves and of the land of freedom they inherit, the trammels of cliques and fac tions. Let them calmly and deliberately free themselves from all such influences, and enter upon their duties with an eye single to tlie honor of Georgia, and the success of republi can principles, by selecting a candidate that is able, capable, and honest — one that is faithful to the constitution — who possesses an intimate knowledge of the condition and wants of cur people, and who will be able and fearless in subjects, as the race goes briskly on. It may perchance appear that his Excellency is not j defending them. Letthem do this, and onr tri- altogether an embodyment of the united talent umph in October will be an easy one and our of Cambon as a financier, and of Carnot in or- | victory complete. We have been requested to give a statement of the ballotings at the convention held in this city last week for the nomination of Senator.— They were as follows : Col. Lamar having de Col. Chappell, 24 Mij. Napier, 24 Col. Lamar, 2 On the second ballot, Col. Chappell received 34 Maj. Napier, 17 Col. Lamar, 2 proceeds together with the sales ot reverted c ]j lie j bci n «* a candidate; on the first ballot the lands in southwestern Georgia, to the partial | votesl0(jd £, r extinction of the public debt, he has done no more than any intelligent clerk in a store could have done, or one of his secretaries, if his Ex cellency had been absent at Augusta all, instead of a portion of 1 is time. His Excellency, "e are told, is a jovial, companionable man, and lie must havo had on easy lime of it for the last two years in his big arm chair, in the snug* cozy little room south of the Executive Depart ment, or in strolling about cracking jokes in the other departments, the officers of which arc all “a clever set of fellows j” especially as no legislature met in the interval with its busi ness to disturb his leisure, or its officious scru tiny into his actings and doings. If it falls to our lot hereafter, to be at all instrumental in disturbing tlie unbroken serenity of bis Exec utive brow, by any investigations of ours, we shall endeavor not to produce a painful frown by any uncalled for rudeness. We feel however a certain presentiment that we areoneamonga multitude of others—chosen to assist in oust ing his Excellency from that easy chair, in the “mighty workshop,” but wc shall endeavor to perform the painful duty with becoming de licacy. Or, to uso a professional phrase of Dennis, the hangman, in Barnaby Rudge, we will try and l, tiork him off comfortably.” It has long been the custom of tho Govern- or’s party, as in the present instance, to make their own issues, and the democracy have good - ^ a person intentionally to induce those 'TliC right Courses It is a relief to turn from the revolting fanat icism displayed by the noilhcrn clergy of the Baptist and Methodist Churches in their lale conventions to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church of the United States, late ly held in Cincinnati; while the northern cler gy of the two former denominations, like the gicat tempter in Paradise, sat ready to blight and blast evory thing around them, as well asjde- stro ythe charity and graces, all the fair and a t- tractive fruits of genuine religion by throwing firebrands into the churches on the subject ofsla- ery, tho Presbyterian General Assembly have very proparly adopted with but 13 dissent ing voices out of ISO delegates, the following articles) ■ 1. That the institution of slavery, existing in theso United States, is not sinful on the part of civil society. 2. That slavery, as it exists in these United States, is not a sinful offence. 3. That civil Government is not bound to abolish slavery in tho United States. 4. That it is not agreeable to the word of God held in slavery to rebel against their masters. We have no room to publish the proceedings of that body, and must content ourselves by congratulating the country upon the wisdom integrity, and enlightened charity evinced throughout their proceedings. COMMUNICATED. 2Hr. Prince : I would like to know by what authority or precedent the meeting of last Mou rn unco. UH** wm uc dav we - ek took upon itself t0 appoint commit- the past and present history, and future des- j Je ' 3 in each c .,p ta i n > s district for the nomina- tiny of one Senator Berrien. YVe shall ask them if they will approve his conduct or repu diate him ? Will they—if they can—send him to the Senate to vote against tho annexa tion of Texas, in violation of the expressed will of a large majority of the people 1 (C/^TIie Democratic meetings in Upson and Macon counties are unavoidably crowded out this week. They will appear in our next. tion of county officers and candidates for the House of Representatives. Were they afraid to trust the people as heretofore with choosing {J£J**o 0n ' , t ii 0 vicissitudes their own candidates. If not, why depart 1 from the usual mode sanctioned both by the usages of the party and tlie wishes of the peo ple?"" What is to he gained by this change? It may be belter calculated to accomplish th c views of certain gentlemen than the old plan. But it will not, I atr. certain, add strength t 0 our party; nor will it bo acquiesced in by the people. RU TLAND. llobcrt Peel's preternatural interferen rouibe of the llritish constitution.' * "O’Connell made a speech at Dnndalk on t! is main)* made up of butTboneiy and bombast <■.. bare theme of repeal. ‘IJefore three months,’said he, - land may be in a i t .it* i; , the mnu muy uu in a ^ “■Good luck to her in that war, it’she does justk * ^ land ; I will not pray at all on tha other side ot 'v n0 wia; for. There is the fortunes of Knclf n ./ 1 for it,.*** -hieva evety thing for to; ami, mm- —j " y «*■ ' ’ 'n the next three months cr • and, take iny wi there be a war within tlie next three mm will he walking up to Dublin before Christina* n ' small sticks ill yonr hands, just for the i> ur P°* e ' , what ati Irish Tarliauieut looks likt. [Cheering It is rumored that Hon. Wm. O. Butlc r > ^ Kentucky willsticcced Col. Todd as Mh | '* tc ^ j Russia, whose term expires on 1st of J u '. v IR