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Experience having sealed the point, that
1 Iris Trade cannot Ac abolis'ted by the use of
force, and that blockading sqnaclrmis serve on
ly to make i( mere profitable and morn cruel,
I am surpris’d that the attempt is psrsisted in,
wt less it serves as a cloak i® some other pur-
p'ses. 3' would ho firr bettor than it now is,
fertile African, if the trade was free from all'
restrictions, an J left to the mitigation and decay
■which time an! competition vfo. surely bring
nbout. If kidnapping, both secretly and by
war ma le for tint purpose, could be by any
means prevented in Africa, the next greatest
blessing you could bestow upon that country
world Fa to transport its actual slaves in com-
fortablo vessels across the Atlantic. Though
they might be perpetual bondsmen, still, they
would emerge from darkness into light—from
barbarian to civilization—from idolatry' to
Christianity—in short from death to life.
I3ui lotus leave tha African slave trade,
which Ins so signally defeated the Philan
thropy of the world, nnd turn to American
Savory, to which you have now directed your
1 tension, and ng-iinst which a crusade has
been preached as enthusiastic and ferocious as
that of Pofor the Hermit—destined, I believe,
to be ob nit at successful. And here let me
say, there is not a vast difference between the
two, (bough you may not acknowledge l».—
The wisdom of ages has concurrod in the jus
tice and expediency of establishing rights by
prescriptive use, however tortious in their ori
gin they may have been. You would deem a
man insane whose keen sense of equity would
lead him to denounce your right to the lands
you hold, and which perhaps you inherited from
a long lino of ances’ry, because your title was
• derived from a Saxon or Norman conqueror,
and your lands ware originally wrested by vio
lence from tho vanquished Britons. And so
would the New England Abolitionist regard
any ono who would insist that he should rcsto'e
his farm to tho descendants of the slaughtered
Red men to whom God had as clearly given it
as he gave life and freedom to the kidnapped
African. That time docs not consecrate
wrong, is a fallacy which all history exposes;
sad which tho best and wisest men of all ages
and professions of religious faith have denied.
The means, therefore, whatever they may have
been, by which the African race now in this
country have been reduced to slavery, cannot
affect us, since they are our property, as your
land is yours, by inheritance or purchase and
prescriptive right. You will say that man
cannot hold properly in man. The answer is,
that he can and actually docs hold property in
his fellow all the world over, in a variety of
forms, and has always done so. I will show
presently his authority for doing it.
If you were to ask me whether I was an ad-
vocato of slavery in tlse abstract, I should pro
bably answer that I am not, according to my
understanding of the question. I do not like
(odoai in abstractions. It seldom leads to any
useful ends. There are few universal truths.
I do not now reniomber any single moral truth
universally acknowledged. We have no as
surance that it is given to our finite understand
ing to comprehend abstract moral truth. A-
part from Revelation and tho Inspired Wri
tings, what idea should we have even of God,
Salvation and Immortality ? Let the Heathen
answer. Justice itself is impalpable as an ab
straction, and abstract liberty the merest phan-.
tasy that ever amused the imagination. This
world was made for man, and man for the
world as it is. Ourselves, our relations with
one another and with all matter are real, not
ideal. I might say that I am no more in favor
ofslavery in the abstract, than I am of poverty,
disease, deformity, .idiorjr- or an y other ine-
« -»*v n ‘ in0 condition of the human family.
»>.... X ». . r - , jJj
a Millenium sucii as God has promised. But
what would it amount to ? A pledge that I
would join you to set about eradicating those
apparently inevitable evils of our nature, in
equalizing the condition of all mankind, con
summating the perfection of our race, and in
troducing the Millenium / By no means.—
To effect these things belongs exclusively to a
Higher Power. And it would bo well for us
to leave the Almighty to perfect His own works
and fulfil his own Covenant^, Especially, as
the history of all the past shows how entirely
futile all human efforts have proved, when
made for the purpose of aiding Him in carry
ing out even his revealed designs, and how in
variably he has accomplished them by uncon
scious instruments, and in the face of human
expectation. Nay, more, that every attampt
which has been made by fallible man to extort
from the wo rid obedience to his “ abstract”
notions of right and wrong, lias been invariably
attended with calamities, dire, and extended just
in proportion to the breadth and vigor of the
improvement. On slavery in the abstract,
then, it would not he nmias to have as little as
possible to say. Let us contemplate it a a it is.
And thus contemplating it, the first question
we have to ask ourselves is, whether it is con
trary to the will of God, as revealed to us in
His Holy Scriptures—the only certain means
given us lo ascertain His will. If it is, then ala.
very is a sin. And I admit at once that every
man is bound to set his face against it, and to
emancipate his slares should he hold any.
Let us open these Holy Scriptures. In the
20;h chapter of Exodus, seventeenth verse, I
find the following words : “ Thou slialt not cov
et thy neighbor’s bouse, thou shalt not co'vet
thy neighbor's wife, nor his man servant, nor
his maid servant, nor his ox, nor his ass, nor
anything that is thy ■eighborV*— which is the
Tenth of those commandments that declare tha
essential principles of the great mornllaw de-
livarevl to Moses by God himsolf. Now, dis-
•carding all technical and verbal quibbling as
wholly uaworthy to be used in interpreting
the Word of God, what is tho plain meaning,
undoubted intent, and true spirit of this com-
mandment 1 Does it not emphatically and ex
plicitly forbid you to disturb your neighbor in
the enjoyment of his property; nnd more es
pecially of that which is here specifically men
tioned as being lawfully and by this command-
iDcru made sacredly his ? Prominent in the
catalogue stands his “ man servant and maid
servant,” who are thus distinctly consecrated
as his property nnd guarantied to him for his
exclusive benefit iu tlie most solemn manner.
You attempt to avert .the otherwise irresistible
conclusion that slnvery’ wai thus ordained by
(Jod, by declaring that the word “ slave” is not
used here, and is not to 'be found in tne Bible.
And I have seen many luarned dissertations on
this point from abolition pons, (t is wall
known that both tho Hebrew and the Greek
.words translated “servant” in the Soripture,
,-mean also and most usually " slave.” The
yse of the one word instead of the other wm a
.more matter of taste with the translators of the
Bible, «s it has been with all the cotnmenta-
ttors and religious writers, the latter of whom
■have, I believe, for the most part, adopted the
term “ slave,” or used both terms indiscrimi
nately. If then, these Hebrew and Greek
words include the idea of both systems of ser
vitude, the conditional and unconditional, they
.ihouhl r.s the major includes die minor propo
sitions, be always translated “ slaves unless
the sense of the whole text forbids it. The
real question, then is, what idea is intended to
be conveyed by the words used in the com
mandment quoted 1 And it is clear to my
mind that ns no limitation is affixed to them,
and the express intention was to secure to man
kind the peaceful enjoyment of every species of
property’, that the terms Men-servants and
Maid-servants include all classes of servants,
and establish a lawful, exclusive, and indefea
sible interest equally in the “ Hebrew Brother
who shall go out in the seventh year and “ the
yearly lured servant,” and those “ purchased
from "the heathen round about,” who were to
be “ Bond-men forever,” as the property of
their fellow-man. You cannot deny that there
were among the Hebrews ** Bond-men for
ever.” [TO HE CONTINUED.]
DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION.
Milledoeville, June 10, 1845
At a Convention of tho Democratic party of
Georgia, assembled this day in the Represen
tative Chamber, for the purpose of nominating
a candidate for Governor of Georgia, on mo
tion of the Hon. Francis H. Cone, of the coun
ty of Muscogco, Gen. Valentine Walker, of
the county of Richmond, was called to the
Chair, and conducted thereto by Messrs.
Walker, of Morgan, Sanford and Johnson of
Muscogee; and on motion, Fred. H. Sanford
and Geo. W. Fish, requested to act as Secre
taries.
The counlies being called in their order, the
following delegates appeared and took their
seats, to wit:
linker.—Berj. 0. K-uon.Itobart 6. Hoaks.
Baldwin.—John W. A. 8a«furd, Tomlinson Tort, and
John G- Park. .
Bibb.—Robert Oollinj, Samuel It. Strong, W. G. Smith,
Oliver II- Prln e.
B^yan.—C.M. Holers.
Burke. (Auintillian Skrine, Robert II. Gray, XV.E. Jahn-
Bullt!—John Handrick. Jamea II. Stark, S. II. Sander*.
Campbell.—Thomas A. Latham.
. Carroll.—John Springer, K. Young.
Chatham.—John VV. Ander«on, John E. Ward, Solomon
Cohen. G. P. Harrison, 1L M. Goodwin.
Cherokee.—Joseph E. Brown. Joshua B. Cox.
Chattanooga—Leander W. Crook.
Clark—Wm. L. Mitchell. H. C. Flournoy, E. S. Hoppin.
Cobb J.S. Bulloch, N. M.Calder, J.M. Anderson.
Columbia—Thomas E. Beall.
Cotccla—William U. Anderson.
Crauford—A. J. Colbert. G. U. Hunter.
DeKalb—C- Murphey. J.B. Wilaon. Daniel Johnson.
Booty—lion. A. A. Morgan, Samuel P. Jones.
Early—Wm. K. DeGraflenreid.
Elbert—Benjamin Burch, Jai. Brawncr, Martin Deadwy-
ter, Robert McMillan.
Effingham—Geo. W. Boston. Daniel Remshart.
Fayette—John D. Stell, John J. Whitaker, J. I. Whitaker.
Forsyth—A. Thornton, J. A. Groen, H. L. Sims.
Franklin—Samuel Knox, ft. A. ft. Neal, E. W. Morris.
Green—R J. Willis, It. L. McWharther.
Gwinnett—Jamea P. Simmons, Kinchin Rambo, James
MpGinnis. John C. Whitworth.
Habersham—J. It- Matthew*. It, W. Owena.
Hall—Dr. Wm. Daniel, Joseph Dunagan. E. M. Johnson,
G. G. Thompson.
Hancock—B. T. Harris, George Bell, Judkini Hunt and
Richard M. Johnson.
Harris—John L. Blackburn, 11. J. Crews, P. Ingram, J.
A. Lyona.
Heard—Win. B. W.Dent, N. Tompkins, Giles S. To.np-
kina. ,
Henry—J- L. Head, W. L.Kiinbell.
Houston—T.M. Furlow, J.M. Kelly, Carlton Wellborn
8. J. Bryant.
Irtcin—Geo. Wilcox. W. S. Moore.
Jackson—John Williams, D. M. Barnes, it. C. Jarratt,
Samuel D. Thurmon.
Jasper—John Robinson, Charles S. Jordan, James M.
Darden, B. F. Keene.
Jones—Joseph Day, John W. Gordon, James Gray. Elbsrt
Hutchins.
Laurens—William Godfrey,
irt—L. B. Mercer.
Liberty—Joseph Jones, Wm. M. Maxwell, Jot in M. B.
Harden.
Lowndes—Wrn. L. Morgan.
Lumpkin—M. H. Goth ivright.. J. S. Maynard.
Macon—William L'-ckctt. „
Madison—Isaac Simmons. It. B. Gholson.
Monroe—M. M. Mason, R. Redding, G. Clark, T. B. Wit-
liams. •
McIntosh—Chorlea Spalding. \V. J. Dunwody, Edward
W. D. T.a Gal.
Meriwether—Thomas Persons, John W. Slack, J. W. B.
Edwards.
Morgan—Sottn R." nawxms.'^v. ix — iravrs, Isaac Walker.
Murray—O. H. Kenan, Mark A. Cooper. A. N- Hargrove.
Muscogee—Francis H. Cone, Jas. Johnson, A. Lcvison,
Willis P. Baker, jr. L. F. W. Andrews.
Hr.wlon—N. P. Hunter, G. T. Anderson.
Oglethorpe—John W. Cardwell. L. M. Johnson.
Paulding—John A. Jones. Edward A. Chisholm.
pike-f- A. Gaulding. Jeremiah Kendall, Francis A, Hu-
Pulaski—M. Jolinid.’’. J- v - Mitchell, Charles S. Hawley.
Putnam—Wm. Turner, Radian Bass, Andrew Reid, J.
M. Adams. ,
Randolph— L. A. Goneke. Riley Garrett, Richard Davie.
Richmond—Valentine Walker, Thomas J. Walton, Daniel
Mixer, P. C. Guieu.
Scriren—W. 0. Cooper.
Stewart—A. B. Pope, Robert Rives, Daniel Mallet, U. G
Mitchell.
Sumter—Lovett B. Smith, Basil Lamar. Edwin R. Brown
Talbot—E. B. Smith, Win. G. Little, Levi B.Smith.
Tattnall—B. Stripling.jr., W. II. Edwards.
Telfai,—M. Wilcox, J. C. Rogers.
Troup—Wm. MeCaaley, Wm. B. Prior, Wm. B. Stokes
George C. Alford.
Twiggs—W. W. Wiggins, W. M. Tarver, Elisha Davia
Upson—II. B. Mabry. Willis McMullin, Wm. McKinny,
William L. Fletcher.
Walker—John Wicker, R. M. Ayeock,
Walton—Howell Cobb, Orion 'Stroud, James Jackson
Wm. W. Nowell.
Warren—Wm. H. Blount, G. V. Neal, A. T. Kandriek
Wm. Gibten.
Ware—T. Fort. J. G. Park.
Washington—I. H. SafluM, ft. Warthen, 8. Rabiaon, 8.
Smith.
Wilkes—Oliver L. Battle. I. T. Irvin, jr.
Wilkinson—R. Hour, Joel Rivers, Cary Cot.
The following counties wer* reproaentad by proxies, to
wit:
Appling—by the Pulaski delegation.
Camden—hy the Chatham delegation.
Cases—Jonathan Jones.
Bade—ft. M. Aycock; Jao. Wieker.
Decatur—L A. Ganeke.
Floyd—LeaaJer W. Crook.
The Convention being thus organized, on
motion of Dr. Tomlinson Fort, the Hon. Jo
seph Day, of the county of Jones, was unani
mottsly chosen .to preside over the Convention
and a committee consisting of Messrs. Fort,
Spalding, Cone, Saffold and Bullock were se
lected to inform him of his appointment, and
conduct him to the Chair, which duty being
performed, he ably addressed the Convention
upon tbs objects for which it had assembled,
and tendered his acknowledgments for the hon
or conferred.
On motion of Dr. Fort, Fred. H. Sanford
was chosen Secretary, and Geo. W. Fish, Esq.
Assistant Secretary.
On ra' t’on of James Gray, Esq.,
Resolved, That the rules adopted by the Le
gislature of the State of Georgia, for the gov
ernment of their proceedings shall govern the
proceedings of tliis Convention, so far as they
arc applicable to this body.
On motion of the Hon. Francis H. Cone,
Resolved, That no person shall bo consid
ered as nominated as the candidate of the Dem
ocratic party for the office of Governor, unless
bo shall receive two-thirds of the entire vote
cast.
Resolved, That the delegation from the
counties not represented in full be authorized
to cast the entire vote ofsuch counties.
On motion of the Hon. John A. Jones,
Resolved, That each member who is entitled
to more than one vote, put the number of votes
on the face of his ticket, and the name of his
county, and his own name on the back of the
ticket.
On motion of Mr. Bulloch, of the county of
Cobh,
Resolved, That this Convention will now
proceed to select hy ballot a candidate for the
office of Governor of tl e State of Georgia.
Previous to the balloting, the following letter
was directed to be read by the Secretary, and
made a part of the proceedings of this Conven
tions
M1LLEDGEVILLE, J une 16, 1815.
Dr. Tomlinson Fort:
Dear Sir—The Democratic Convention
have now assembled for the purpose ofselec ing
their standard bearer in the approaching Gu
bernatorial election. 4 lie names ol several
gentlemen have been spoken ol for nomination,
and among them my own. lor this mauites-
tation of confidence and kindness, I can find no
language adequate to express nty gratitude to
my personal and political friends. And it is
with some hesitation, that I take the liberty of
interfering with their wishes, in reference to the
use of my name in connection with that distin
guished appointment. But from tho other far
more worthy’ and distinguished gentlemen,
whom their respective friends are desirous to
honor, the Convention cannot err in the selec
tion of cither. AH are capable and with patri
otic devotion, identified with Democratic prin
ciples. And yet theso very acknowledged
qualifications may lead to a zeal on the part of
their resp :ctivo friends, hazirdous to the har
monious action of the Convention. Hence, tho
fewer the names presented for nomination, the
more remote tho possibility of unkind feeling.
I beg leave therefore through you, to ask nty
friends it the Convention to permit my mme
to be withdrawn. I am influenced to this
course, neither by unwillingness to reudor any
service to my party, within the compass of my
poor abilities, nor by the vain supposition, that
I should bo nominated, and therefore it is ne
cessary to decline in advance; but by a sense
of duty suggested by the palpable indications
before me.
But I do not withdraw from the great contest
before tho people. I shall stiil claim the proud
privilege, to do battlo foi the nominee whoever
he may be. 1 have long since expunged tho
word defeat from my Democratic vocabulary*
Let the Convention present the standard beat
er, and I rally under his banner, nothing doubt
ing, that a glorious victory awaits the Democ
racy on the first Monday of October next.
With great respect,
I am your obedient serv’t,
H. V. JOHNSON.
The name of Col. Geo. W. Towns, of the
county of Talbot, being withdrawn by L. B.
Smith, Esq., a delegate from that county, the
Convention proceeded to ballot, and the ballots
being received and examined, it appeared that
the Hon. MATTHEW HALL McALLIS-
TER, of the county of Chatham, having re
ceived two-thirds of the votes given in was de
clared to be the duly nominated candidate of
the Democratic party of Georgia, for the office
of Governor.
On motion of Col. Latham, of the county of
Campbell,
Resolved, That the nominee hy acclamation
be announced as unanimously nominated.
On motion of Col. James H. •Btark, of the
county of Butts,
Resolved, That a committee of five be ap*
pointed by the Chair, to inform the Hon. M.
Hall McAllister of his nomination as the candi
date for the office of Governor by the Democ
racy of Georgia.
Whereupon, the Cliair appointed Messsrs.
Stark, Jones of Liberty, Walker of Richmond,
Kelly, arid Murphy, that committee.
On motion ot Wm. L. Mitchell, Esq., of the
county of Clark,
Resolved, That a committee of five be ap
pointed to take into consideration the propriety
of an efficient organization of the Democracy
of Georgia.
Whereupon, Messrs. Mitchell, Daniel, Cohen,
Turner, and Cone, were appointed that com
mittee.
The Convention then adjourued until 4 o’
clock, P. M. — * o CLOCK, p. M.
The Convention met pursuant to adjourn
ment.
Mr. Mitchell, from the Committee appointed
to take into consideration the propriety of an
efficient organization of the Democracy of
Georgia, made the following report, which was
taken up, read and agreed to, to wit:
Your Committee are fully persuaded of the
importance of the organization of the Party, by
this Convention, and that for this purpose they
recommend the adoptiou of the following reso
lution :
I. Resolved, That this Convention appoint
a Central Committee of eighteen, of whom nine
shall he a quorum, to consist of two persons
from each Congressional' District and two addi
tional persons from tho county of Baldwin,
whose duty it shall be to appoint committees of
correspondence and vigilance in each county of
the Slate, and to perform all such duties, and
devise all such plans as in their judgment shall
contribute to the success of the party, and said
Central Committee shall remain in office till the
meeting of another Convention of the party, the
meetings of said committee shall be held in the
city of Milledgeville, or at such other place as
said committee shall agree to—and said com
mittee shall have power to fill any vacancy in
their otvn^number upon the principle of this res
olution.
The Central Committee appointed in accor
dance with the foregoing resolution are from
the 1st Congressional District.
1. Charles Spalding tip Solomon Cohen.
2. John Forsyth ip James M. Kelly.
3. Henry G. Lamar David Kendall.
4. Thos. A. Latham tip Gilbert D. Greer.
5. John Lewis tip John Reavers.
6. Wm. B. Wofford tip Wm. L. Mitchell.
7. Fleming Jour dan tip Wm. Turner.
S. Quintillian Skrine tip Eli II. Baxter.
Baldwin County, II. V. Johnson & Jno. W.
A. Sanford,
On motion of Mr. Daniel, of the county of
Hall,
Resolved, That the following resolutions of
the Baltimore General Democratic Convention,
held in May, 1844, be adopted as tho political
principles of the Democracy of Georgia, to wit:
_ 1. That the federal government js one of
limited powers, derived solely from the consti
tution, and the giants of power shown therein,
ought to be strictly constructed by ail the de
partments and agents of the government, and
that it is inexpedient and dangerous to exercise
doubtful constitutional powers.
2. That .the constitution does not confer up
on the General Government the power to com
mence and carry on a general system of inter
nal improvements.
3. That the constitution does not confer au.
thority upon the federal government, directly or
indirectly, to assume tins debts of the several’
States, contracted for local internal improve
ments, or other State purposes; nor would such
assumption be just and expedient.
4. That justice and sound policy forbid the
federal government to foster ono branch of in-
dusliy to the detriment ofanother, or to cherish
the interests of one portion to the injury of an
other portion of our common country; thatev
cry citizen and every section of the country has
a right to demand and insist upon an equality of
rights and privileges and to complete au ample
protection ol persons and property from domes
tic violence or foreign aggression.
5. That it is the duty of every branch of the
government to enforce uiul practice the most
rigid economy in conducting our public affairs,
and that no more revenue ought to be raised
than is required to defray the necessary expen
ses of the government.
C. That Congress has no power to charter a
national bank ; that we believe such an institu
tion ono of deadiy hostility to the best interests
of the country, dangerous to our republican in
stitutions and the liberties of tho people, and
calculated to place the business of the country
within the control of a concentrated money
power, and above the laws and the will of the
people.
7. That Congress has no power, under tho
constitution, to interfere with or control the do
mestic institutions of the several States; and
that such States are the sole and proper judges
of everything appertaining to their own affairs,
not prohibited by the constitution ; that all ef
forts of the abolitionists, or others, made to in
duce Congress to interfere with questions of
slavery, or to take incipient steps in relation
thereto, are calculated to lead to the most alar
ming and dangerous consequences; and that all
such efforts have an inevitable tendency to di
minish the happiness of the people, and endan
ger the stability and permanency of the Union,
and ought not to be countenanced by any friend
jo our political institutions.
8. That the separation of the moneys of the.
government from banking institutions, is indis
pensable for the safety of the funds of the gov
ernment and the rights of the people.
9. That tiie liberal principles embodied by
Jefferson in the declaration of independence,
and sanctioned in the constitution, which makes
ours tho land, cf liberty, and the asylum of the
oppressed of every nation, havo ever been car
dinal principles in the democratic faith; and
every attempt to abridge the present privilege
of fat coming citizens and the owners of soil
among us, ought to be resisted with the same
spirit which swept the alien and sedition laws
from our statute book.
Resolved, That the proceeds of the public
lands ought to bo sacredly applied to tile na
tional objects specified in the constitution: and
that we are opposed to the law lately adopted,
and to any law for the distribution of such pro
ceeds among the States, as alike inexpedient in
policy, and repugnant to the constitution.
Resolved, That we are decidedly opposed to
taking from the President the qualified veto
power by which he is enabled, under restric
tions and responsibilities, amply sufficient to
guard the public interest, to suspend the pas
sage of a bill, whose merits cannot secure the
approbation of two-thirds of the Senate and
House of Representatives, until the judgmant
of the people can be obtained thereon, and
which has thrice saved the American people
from tho corrupt and tyrannical domination of
the Bank of the U. Stales.
Resolved, That our title to the whole of the
untrammelled by conditions, a peaceful, honor
able and advantageous settlement of their dif
ficulties with Mexico, if they should see fit to
adopt that mode of adjustment.
Thus influenced, he accepted the good offi
ces of the two powers, which with those of the
United States, had been previously invoked by
Texas, and placed in the hands of their Rep
resentatives a statement of conditions prelim
inary to a treaty of peace, which he declared
he should be ready to submit to the people of
this country for their decision and action as
soon as they were adopted by the Government
of Mexico. But he emphatically reminded
those functionaries for the special notice of
their Governments, that he was no more
than the agent of k thc people; that he could
neither direct, control nor influence their
decision; and that his bounden duty was to
carry out their determination, constitutionally
ascertained and expressed, be it what it might.
Our Representative at the courts of France
and Great Britain, in addition to the task of
strengthening the friendly dispositions of those
Governments, was also especially instructed to
press upon their attention, that if the people of
Texas should determine to put an end lo the
separate existence of the country, the Execu
tive, so far as depended upon his official action,
must nnd would give immediate and full ef-
.fect to their will.
The circumstances which preceded and led
to an understanding with Mexico have thus
been stated, and the people, speaking through
tiieir chosen organs, will now determine as
they shall judge right; but iu the meantime,
and until their pleasure can be lawfully and
constitutionally ascertained, it is the duty of
the Executive to secure to the nation the ex
ercise of choice between the alternatives of
peace with the world arid Independence, or
Annexation and its contingencies, and he has,
therefore, to issue the following proclamation.
Whereas, authentic proof has recently been
laid before me, to the effect that the Congress
of Mexico has authorized the Government to
open negotiations and conclude a treaty with
Texas, subject to the examination and appro
bation of that body; and further, that the
Government of Mexico lias accepted the con
ditions prescribed on the part of Texas as
preliminary to a final and definite treaty of
peace :
Therefore, I, Anson Jones, President of the
Republic of Texas ; and Commander in-Chief
of the Army and Navy, and Militia thereof,
do hereby make known these circumstances to
the citizens of this Republic, until the same
can be more fully communicated to tho .hon
orable Congress and Convention of the peo
ple, for their lawful action, at the period of
their assembling on the the 16 th of June and
4th of July next; and, pending the said action,
by virtue of the authority in tne vested, I do
hereby declare and proclaim a cessation of
hostilities, by land and by sea, against the Re-
for, as he wished hir
Hi
um to bo near him i'.
last moments. He was instantly remove-' 1
his bed ; but before he could be placed tl^ 1
he swooned away. His family .and serva^
believing him to be dead, were verv -
Territory of Oregon, is clear and unquestiona- public of Mexico^ or against the citizens and
alarmed, and manifested the most intense g r -
however, in a few seconds reaction took
and he became conscious ; and raised hi
and said : “My dear children, do rot
s e )'es,
Rnevf
air. well aware of my situation ; I have ^
ed much bodily pain ; but my sufferings ^
but as nothing compared with that which
blessed Saviour .’endured ‘ u -* °' ,r
that accurst
cross, that we might all be saved who put ft •
trust in him.” He first addressed Mrs. jJ? r
son, (his daughter-in-law,) and took leave r
her, reminding her of her tender kific] Ro C1
manifested towards him at all times, anfl es^
cially during his protracted illness. He n f!‘
took leave of Mrs. Adams (a widowed s ; s .‘ c
of Mrs. Jackson, who bus been a mem&er f
the General’s family for several years,) j n
most kind and affectionate manner, remind!
her also of her devotion towards him during
adopted
ble; that no portion of the same ought to be
ceded to England or any other power; and that
the re-occupation of Oregon and the re-annexa
tion of Texas, at the earliest practicable [>eriod,
are great American measures, which this con
vcntion recommends to the cordial ^support of
the democracy of the Union.
On motion of Mr. Hunter of Crawford,
Resolved unanimous 1 y, That the friends of
the different gentlemen, whose names have been
before this convention for nomination, and
withdrawn or run, hereby pledge themselves to
use every fair and honoroble means to secure
the election of the candidate for Governor, nom-
mated by this convention, and recommend a
spirit of harmony and union to our political
friends throughout the State. r ,
v'ii iinniuitvii me noil. AlOWCil tUOUD,
Resolved, That the thanks of this convention
be returned to the presiding officer for the able
and efficient manner in which he has dischar
ged the duties of his station.
On motion of S. Cohen, Esq., of Chatham,
Resolved, That the thanks of this convention
be tendered to the Secretaries for their faithful’
discharge of the duties of their office.
The convention then adjourned sine die.
JOSEPH DAY, President.
Fued. H. S.kfosd, j Sccre[a ,; e ,.
Geo. W. Fish,
From the N. O. Picayune. 13th insl.
FROM TEXAS-IMPORTANT.
The Beginning of the End.
The sieamship New York arrived here yes
terday afternoon fro.U Galveston which place
she left on Sunday last, the 15th inst. Pres
ident Jones has issued another Proclamation,
announcing the result of tho negotiations tj;2l
have been conducted by Capt. Elliott with tho
.Mexican Government.
Captain E liott came passenger in the New
York, perfectly content, it may be presumed,
with himself for having produced confusion
iu Texas as lie did in China.
tiadc thereof.
Jn testimony whereof, I have caused the Great
Seafof the Republic to be herennlo affixed.
Done at Washington, this fourth day of
June, in the year of our Lord one thou-
[l. s.] sani eight hundred and forty five, and
of the Independence of the Republic
the tenth.
By the President: ANSON JONES.
Ebe.n’u Allen, Att’y. Gen.,,
and. Acting Sec’ry of State.
We proceed at once to lay before the pub
lic this third Proclamation of the President.—
How many more are to follow we cannot trust
ourselves to guess. His Excellency has got
in the vein, and they may succeed one another
toUic^“ crack of doom,” like the spectres of
Banquo’s issue to the vision of Macbeth, un
less they are cut short by the vox dei—which
in this regard signifies the voice of the people.
A PROCLAMATION.
The Executive is now enabled to declare to
the people of Texas the actual state of their
affairs with respect to Mexico, to the end that
they may direct and dispose them as they shall
judge best for the honor and permaneuti nter-
ests of the Republic.
During the course of the last winter it reach
ed the knowledge of the Executive, from va
rious sources of information (unofficial, indeed,
but still worthy of attention and credit) that
the late and present Government of Mexico
were disposed to a peaceful settlement of the
difficulties with Texas by the acknowledg
ment of our Independence, upon the under
standing that Texas would maintain her sepa
rate existence. No action, however, could be
taken upon the subject, because nothing authen
tic was known until the month of March last,
when the Representatives of France and Great
Britian nearthis Government, jointly and for
mally renewed the offer of the good offices of
those powers with Mex.co, for the early and
peaceful settlement of this struggle, upon the
basis of the acknowledgment of our indepen
dence by that Republic.
It would have been the imperative duty of
the Executive at once to reject these offers,
if they had been accompanied by conditions of
any kind whatever; but with attentive watch
fulness in that respect and great disinclination
to entangling alliances of any description, or
with any power, he must declare, in a spirit of
justice, that no terms or conditions have ever
been proposed by the two Governments in ques
tion. or either of them, us the consideration
of their friendly interposition.
Maturely conuidcrieg the situation of affairs
at that time, the Executive felt that it was in
cumbent upon him not to rcjoct this oppoiti-
nity of securing totlie pcoplo of this .country, ,
ACCOUNT OF GENERAL JACKSON’S
LAST MOMENTS, FROM HIS FAM
ILY PHYSICIAN-
Wn are favored whh the oritiinn] of the
following letter, which will be found interest
ing to all our readers '. — Daily Union.
Nashville, Tenn.. 9th June, 1845.
Dear Sir: It is probable, before this let
ter shall have reached you, you will have heard
of the death of. our venerable friend, General
Andrew Jackson, who departed this life on
yesterday afternoon, precisely at six o’clock.
Knowing that you have been left his papers,
and being well assured that you have always
taken a lively interest in him while living, and
believing you would be pleased to know some
thing of bis last momenls-in life, I have tnought
proper to make you this- communication, as I
saw much of him during his last illness, and
was present at his death. I have been fre-
rjuently in his family, as physician, for several
years past; and on my return home from the
east, in April, I visited him in company with
his particular friend, General Robert Arm
strong. We found him very feeble, laboring
uglier a dropsical affection—particularly that
form ot u."°P s y known as anasarcha. He in
formed me he opd sufficed much bodily pain,
in consequence of tht g re! R elusion or swol
len condition of his extremities. 2 bo cougli
which had harrassed him so much fur }’L^ rs r
had nearly or quite left him ; but his difficulty
of breathing appeared to be increased. I pre
scribed for him, and visited him occasionally.
The remedies appeared at first lo afford him
considerable relief, as it respected his dropsi
cal condition ; but his system had been so uk-
dermined by. previous disease, that medicine
appeared to have loSt its impression or effect.
The dropsical effusion returned, and I was re
quested to visit him on the 1st of this instant,
and found him suffering excessively from the
distention occasioned by the accumulation of
water. 1 immediately tapped him, and drew
off a very considerable quantity of water,
which afforded him immediate relief. He took
an anodyne at night, and Informed me, the
next morning, that he had passed a better
night than lie had done for the last six months.
Drs Robertson and Waters were in consul
tation on the next - morning. We agreed on a
prescription, which was administered, and
which gave him temporary relief. This was
all we could expect to obtain, considering bis
situation. 1 was sent for again on Saturday,
the 7th instant. The messenger informed me
that the General was much worse. I hasten
ed to the Hermitage, and found him very
much exhausted. He had great difficulty in
respiration, in consequence of an accumula
tion of water in his chest. He requested I
should remain will) him, as he was well aware
that his dissolution was near at hand. He took
an anodyne and expectorant, and appeared to
pass the first part of the night tolerably com
fortable. He had not been able to lie down
for the last six months. He had to be propped
up in h;s bed at night, and in his arm-chair du
ring tho day. On Sunday (morning, the 8th
illness. He next took leave of his
son in the most affectionate and devoted map
ner. He next took leave of his grandchildren
and the children of Mrs. Adams. He kissed’
and blessed them, in u manner so touching\
impressive, that I have no language that can do
this scene justice. He discovered that them
were two of the boys absent—one of his grand,
sons and one of Mrs. Adams’s. He inquired f 0r
them. He was informed that they were at the
chapel, attending Sunday shook He desired
that they should be sent for. As soon as they
came, he kissed and blessed them also, as
had done to those with him. By this tine
most of his servants had collected in his roots,
or at the windows. When he had taken leave
of them all, he delivered one of the most in.
pressive lectures on the subject of religion thst
1 have ever heard. He spoke for near half
an hour, and apparently with the power of in.
spiration; for he spoke with calmness, with
strength, and, indeed, with.animation. 1 re .
gret exceedingly, my dear sir, that there was*
no one present who could have noted down his
precise words. They might have been read
with profit, and would have been fondly cher.
islied as a precious gem by all the good and
great of the land.
In conclusion,he said: “ My dear children,
and friends and servants, I hope and truit to
meet you all in heaven, both white and black "
The last sentence he repeated—“ both white
and black,” looking at them with the tenderest
solicitude- Willi these words, he ceased to
speak, but fixed his eyes on his grand-daughter,
Rachael Jackson, (who bears the name of hir
own beloved wife ) for several' seconds. What
was passing through his mind at that moment,
I will not pretend to say; but' it did appear^
me that he was invoking the blessings of Hear-
en to rest upon her. The lecture to his family
was awfully sublime. His implicit belief m
the Christian religion, and in the plan of salva
tion as revealed in the Bible—his great anxiety
that they should believe in religion, as taught
by the holy Scriptures; and that, in so doing,
they would insure their eternal salvation, and
join hint in heaven;—such sentiments, from
sqch a man, at such a time, are enough to put
to flight all scepticism oh the subject of lit
g'°n. __
Major Lewis arrived about two o'clock.—
The General appeared to know him, when he
spoko to him. As T before stated, the General
had to be propped up in his bed ; and Major
Lewis supported his head until he breathed bis
last; which was precisely at six o’clock, p. m.
Thus died the greatest and best man of the age,
or, perhaps, of any age. r
lam,‘with great regard, your friend and
obedient servant,
JNO. N. ESSELMAN.
Francis P. Blair, Esq.
FUNERAL 0F GEN. JACKSON.
The following interesting aceouut of the last
ceremonies over the tomb of General Jackson
is from the letter of a gentleman in Nashville
addressed to another iu this city : :
Nashville, June 10, 1845.
“ My Dear Sir :■ I have just returned
from the Hbrmitage, where I attended the fu
neral of General Jackson. It was estimated
fairly, I think, that from 2,500 to 3,000 per
sons were present. There were rising two
hundred carriages in attendance, to' say noth-
ing.of the horses which, as fastened to the boughi
of the trees in front of the Hermitage yard, lit
erally filled the woods. At 11 o’clock, a. m.,
Rev. Mr. Edgar took position'in the porch,
front of the . front parlor, and pronounced a
most appropriate prayer—happily alluding to
‘this great and distinguished, man of our na
tion, who had lived as a patriot and Christian,
and invoking tho blessings of Heaven to sus
tain and comfort tire bereaved. A psalm was
^ung next, commencing—
\v7if ahoald we atari and fear to d\e1
What ir.’noroua worms we ars,’ Asc. Ac.
“Mr. Edgar’s ser.non was the best thst /
i 1 »’..ll A-/MV, 1ms lm«. He endeavored
ever heard fall from Ids lips- He endearoreif
to do full justice to the high public and pri
vate character of Gen. Jackson ; and Iiecsmd
much nearer to the accomplishment of Iris ob
ject than I had expected lie C°uld: His text
was from a passage in the Revelations ’ ‘These
are they which came out of great tribulalKUr
and washed their robes white in the Hood oi
the Lamb.’ The sermon was nearly an bC rJf
in length. A hymn was then sung, another
prayer offered, and then the body vras w
moved from the front parlor, where it had rt*
mained during service, to the hearse, and borne -
down, outside.ef the garden, as far as the bu
rial place, where the fence had been removed
that it might be brought through to the grave.
There was some little difficulty in lowering the
he'
body into the vault, in consequence
too large dimensions of the box which r
the coffin; but this was soon overcom. -
Mr. Edgar made a series of w has'’a < e
marks, admirably suited to th.
occasion. The emire servi .c ;losod by v:a
vorite psalm’of the Gene. ’’V^which Mr. BJ
gar said was often spok ’; ifbyhim
ing-
“ I have never vjtncss • ral -si°»
>1,
oral
of half the so’ ini: ,,, woman
and child ,y cd t ■ ;hat man
kind had one cf test and best
benefactors. • .
“ T " ; i's > jam, that little o f
nc .• mp m ■ • if i be observed 'at hi*
. . w . burial: neverthe! ■ iiie Nashville Blues tvero
instant, (the day on which he died,) on enter- pio -nt v ,-ir.d were permitted to fir 0
ing hjs room, I found him sitting in his arm •_» i >■ ms over the grave,
chair, with his two faithful servants, G- • Th . • r. seem to be resigned. Mrs-
and Dick, by his side, who had just r - .most inconsolable; her little chil-
him iroiu his bed. I immediately ’ arcely sensible of their loss. Hi*
(but the Imnd of death was upon u ■ son (Andrew Jackson) manifest* *
formed fais son that he could c c ense of his bereavement. I hare d' u |
a few hours; and ho immed t . n you a few particulars, which I
u servant for Major Williai-
General's devoted friend. M
formed mo that it was tho Gene '’••
that, in case lie grow worse, or was
be near his death, Major Lewis shorn
lought might not be ruititute of interest.
.t to
e sent
McCurry, tho murderer of Paul Roux, m
Baltimore, expiated his crime on th® gari 0 **
on the 27th inst.