Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

b We *ro determined to continue Musters, and to (i.) s) \vc hnva to drew ihe rein tighter day l»y di'. v to be amur-d tint we keep them in com plete ehttCix. I!mv lur this process will go on depends won' y and solely on the Abolitionists. NY li :n tlioy desist we can r< I i*. W o may not before. I do not moan bv all tki-i to say that we or • n a state of actual alarm ami tear of oar slaves; but under exiting circumstances we r»!i >ui I he hi iiablv stupid not to increas • oar vi* tji'sii-e mi Hreagtlion uf 'lends. You see Kfi a 11 c £ulogy The ;e of < men of tli creative |>i s _"ier of the D. left the earth, surrounde.l liy 1; All I revolution i aver tins passed a way, clariition of In te[iende Washimt.n lie* m ar i more. That his id hi ml of bis Me ill imlebondence, rep ive region. Jefferson sleep. lUCello, whence his eyes or Virginia. Madison, tlie Inst survivor i our con.-tiiutinn, lives only in our he say that the heroes, in wtum the iin brigliily, do ant live farevert They rvants. Adams, the ie modest grave-yard m the hcii.'hi-' ui 1. - (looked Ills beloved f the men who made iru. Uut who shall e of God shone most were tilled with ill vinii' ui Mi ■ fruits ui your lab in. I speaic irec- ly a id ’ c iii li.lly—not as a colonist, who, though a si tvolioldcr lias a master; bat as a “roe m in, holding Under God, and resolved to li hold my fate in ray own bunds; and I assure you I that my sentiments and feelings anti determin- I niions arc those of every slave-holder in tiiis ■ country. The rematch and ingenuity of the abolitioa- 8 isls, aided by the invention of runaway slaves— I in which (acuity, so far as improvising ftlscliood K goos, the Africa a race is without a rival—have 8 succeeded in shucking the world with a small i number of pretended instances of our barbarity. I Tito only wonder is that con.rdcring the extent I of oar country, the variety of our population, 1 its fluctuating character, and the publicity of .all 8 oar transactions, the number of cases collected 8 is so sin ill. It speaks well for ul Yet ef I these, many are false, all highly colored, some I occurring half a century, most of them many * years ago, and no doubt a large proportion of I them perpetrated by foroigaers. With a few | rare exc-ptions the emigrant Scotch and Eng- [ bsfa are the worst masters among us, and next to I them our Northern follow-citizens. Slavehold ers, born and bred here are always more hu- I mane to slaves, and those who have grown up to I a large inheritance of them, the most so of any I —showing clearly tlint the effect of the system i^ to fusltfr kindly feelings. I do not mean so I much to impute iiinn/u inhumanity to foreign* I crs. us to show that they come here with false I notions of the treatment usual and necessary I for slavos, and that newly acquired power here 1 us every where else, is apt tj bo abused. I cannot enter into u detailed examination of the [ rases stated by the abolitionists. It would be disgusting and of little avail. I know nothing of them. I iinveseen nothing like them, though born and bred here, and have rarely heard of I tiny thing at all to be compared with them.— Permit me to say that I think most of your | facts must have been drawn from the West In- dio$, where undoubtedly slaves were treated much moro harshly than with us. Tiiis was [ owing to a variety of causes, which might, if L necessary be stated. One was that they had | at first to deal more extensively with birbari- [ ana fresh from the wild* nf Africa ; another, and a leading one, the absenteeism of Propri etors. Agents are always moro unfeeling than owners, whether placed over West In dian or American slaves, or Irish tcnnnlty.— We feel this evil greatly even here. You de- I scribe the use of thumb screws ns one mode of nunishment among U3. I doubt if a thumb screw can be found in America. I never saw i, or heard of one in tiiis country. Stocks are rarely used by private individuals, and con finement still more seldom, though both are common punishments for whites, all the world over. I think they should be more frequently resorted to with slaves, as substitutes for flog ging, which 1 considct tho most injurious and least efficacious mode of punishing them for ! serious offences. It is not degrading, and un. less excessive, occasions little pain. You may bo a little aUonishci, after ali the flourishes that have been made about “ cart whips,” See., when I say flogging is not the most degrading punishment in the world. It may be so to a Wtlfuy man to fllUjfl oouai»i««) l,«vr 10 «| to the whito boy? That necessary coadjutor of the school m ister, the “ birch,” is never thought to have rendered infamous the unfortunate victim of pedagogue ire; nor did Solomon in his wisdom, dream tiiat he was counselling parents to debase their offspring, when ho ex- Ir »rted them not to spoil the child by sparing ti»e rod. Pardon me for recurring to the now exploded ethics of the Bihlo. Custom, which, yon will perhaps agree, makes most things in this world good or evil, Ins remove 1 all infa my from the punishment of tho lash to the slave. Your blood boils at the recital of stripes inflict ed on n man, and you think you should be frenzied to see your own child flogged. Yet see how completely this is idea), arising from the fashions of society. You doubtless submit ted to llio rod, yourself, in other years, when tlio smart was perhaps as severe, as it would be now, and you have never been guilty of the folly of revenging yourself on the preceptor, who, in the plenitude of bis “ irresponsible power,” thought proper to chastise your son Sio it is with tlio negro and the negro father. - [to nr. CONTINUED.] The Cainanchee chief Buffalo Hump, dur ing his recent visit at Torrey’s trading house, related that about two months ago, Ito went iqto Mexico to oiler peace to that people, tn I took with him. Insides Irs own family, his bro ther, an obi grey beaded chief and another, making in all four men, two women, and one child. They arrived at the town of Presidio liio Grande, and were received with profes sions of friendship and directed to proceed to SkiuFernando. Upon reaching tho latter place tbuy made the usual demonstrations of friend ship nnd peace, and were escorted to tlio pub lic ilQWiro. Before dismounting, however, Buf falo Hump suspected treachery, and imntedi. atily ordered bis party to prepare to defend thorns Ives to ihc last extremity, declaring tiiat th y wore < n trapped by the Mexicans. In an his'-unt tlioy were tired upon by a large bo ly of armed men concealed in the adjoining bou se , aud now for the first lime discovered by the unsuspectingOamanches. Three men ami one woitiau were killedl B iflalo Hump suc re ded in making Ids escape, leaving bis wife mid child in the hands of the Mexicans. Mr. Kiikmen, owner of the race mare p< vtonn, in a letter to the editor of the N. Y. Spirit of the Times, speaking of tlio treat ment received by him daring Uis northern Hieing tour, says : “Indeed my trip has been one ofunalloy- ril pleasure, but for the theft of my two sin-, blc boys (Mink and Eldridge,) by'somo of the Abolitionists about Philadelphia. I hope die'r philanthropy will not evaporate with the ciunmission of tlio crime; and that, afief ta king the boys from my protection, they will nut suffer them to become the victims of wont and dissipation, as is the common fate of the miserable runaways about that city, whom ■ they have first deluded and then abandoned.’ A Hint for the Ladies.—A celebrate 1 wri ter says there is only one pssrago in the Scrip- ires where the Indies are required t ) kiss the :n, and that is in the "tflden rule: *■ W liat- . "ever v<: won! I that men should do unto you, :.i vc even so unto them.— iioston l*ust. The Post Mast' r General lias sent to tlio • : ■Vi" it'll) .Mexican dollars to be coined into ■ • and half dime*, for the u*o of the people uder the n-w Post Office lew. • - m, tconceptual wbicti called America into lining; they liv ed For llioie conception*; and their deeds praise iliein. Wc are met to commemorate the virtue* of one who shed his blind for our independence, look part in winning the teirilury mid forming llie early insulations of ihe West, and was iiiioued with all the great idea* which constitute llie mo ral force of our country. On the spot where he gave bis solemn fealty lo the people—here, where he pledged him self before the world to freedom, to the constitution, snd to the laws—we meet to pay our tribute to the memory of the last great name which gathers round itself all the associa tions Jiat form the glory of America. South Carolina gave a birth-place to Andrew Jackson.— On iu remote frontier, fur up on the forest-clad bnnkiof the Catawba, in a-region where thcscttlc.'d were just beginning to cluster, his ere first saw the light. There his infancy sported in the ancient lore sis. and uis mind was narsed to freedom by their inlluenrc lie was the youngest son of an Irish emigrant, of Scottish origin, who, two years after the great war of Frederic of Prussia, fled to America for relief Iroui indigence ami oppression. Uis birth was in 1767. at a time when the peoplifof our land were, but a body ol depen dent colonists, scarcely inure tnnn two millions it. number, scattered along an immense coast, with no army, or navy, or union; and exposed to the attempts of Kngtaud to control America ,by the aid of military force. Uis boyhood grew up in the midst of the contest with Great Britain. The first great politicuhtrolh that reached his heart, was that all men are free and equal; the first great fact that beamed on his understanding, was his countty's independence. The strife as it increased, came near tho shades of his own upland residence. As a boy of thirteen, he witnessed the scenes of horror that uccumpany civil war; and when hut a year older, with an elder brother, lie shouldered his mus ket, aud went forth loatrike a blow for his_country. , Joyous era for America and for humanity! JJut for lum, the orpliau boy, the events were full of agony anil grief— His father was no moro. Uis oldest brother fell a victim to the war ot the revolution; another (his cumpauinn in arms) died of wounds received in their joint captivity; his mother we.it down to the grave a victim to grief ami efforts to rescue her sons; and when peace came, he was alone in the world, with no kindred to cherish him, and little inheritance but his own untried powera- The nation which emancipated itaelffrom Riitish lule or- ganixes itself: the confederation gives way to the constitu tion—that grand event of the thousand year* of modern his tory—ia accomplished: America exists as a peiple, gains unity as a government, and takes its place as a nation among the powers of the eaith. The next office to he performed by America, is the taking possession of the wilderness. The magnificent western val ley cried out to tho civilisation of popular power, that it must he occupied by cultivated man. Behold, then, our orphan hero, sternly earnest, consecra ted to humanity from childhood by sorrow, having neither father, nor mother, nor sister, nor surviving brother,so young aud yet so solitary, and then fore hound tlie mure closely to collective man—behold him elect for his lot lo go forth and assist in laying the foundations of society in the great val ley ofibe Mississippi. At the very time when Washington was pledging his own and future generations to the support of the popular institu tions which were to be tlie light of the human race—nt the time when the institutions of the Old World were rocking to their centre, aud tlie migli'y fabric that had come down from the middle ages was tailing in—the adventurous Jack- son. in the radiant glory and boundless hope and confident intrepidity of twenty-one, plunged into the wilderness,cross ed the great mountain-barrier that divides the western wa ters from the Atlantic, followed the paths of the early hun ters n,*a f-y,;-,.. all d. not content with the nearer neigh borhood to his parent Slate, went still tuntic ml the west, till he found his home in the must beautiful region on the Cumberland. There, from the first, he was recognis ed as the great pioneer: under bis courage, the coming em igrants were sure to find a shield. The lovers of adventure be<*an to pour themselves into the territory, whose delicious climate and fertile soil invited the presence of social man. The hunter with liis rifle and his axe, attended by his wife and children; the herdsman drivnig the few cattle that were to multiply as they browsed; the cultivator of the soil—all came to the inviting region.— Wherever the bending mountains opened a pass—wherev er the buffaloes and the beasts of the forest bad made a trace, these sons of nature, children of humanity, in the highest sentiment of p irsoual freedom, came to occupy the beautiful wilderness whose prairies blossomed everywhere profusely with wild flowers—whose woods in spring put to shame, by their magnificence, the cultivated gardeus of man - AnJ now that these unlettered fugitives, educated only by the spirit of freedom, destitute of dead letter erudition, bat sharing the living ideas of tlie age, had made their homes in the west—what would follow? “Would they degrade them selves to ignorance and infidelity? Would they make the solitudes of the desert excuses for licentiousness? Would the doctrines of freedom lend them to live in unorganized Society, destitute of law* *nd fimlmi^ntiand At a time when European society was becoming broken in pieces, scattered, disunited, and resolved iutoits elements, i scene ensued in Tennessee, than which nothing more beau trjuy^grami la ituurdcd iu the annals of tlie race. These adventurers in the wilderness langed to conr.e to- getl. or in organized society. The overshadowing genius of thei - time inspired them with good designs, and fiiled them wi-.h the counsels of wisdom. Dwellers m the forest, fieest of tho free, bound in the spirit, they came up by their re presentatives, on foot, on horseback, through tlie forest, along the streams, by the buffalo traces, by the Indian paths, by the blazed forest avenues, to meet in convention among the mountains at Knoxville, and frame for themselves a consti tution. Andrew Jackson was there, the greatest man of tiiem all—modest, bold, determined, demanding nothing for himself, and shrinking from nothing that his heart approved. The Convention came together on the eleventh day of January, 1796, and finished its work on the sixth day of February. How had the wisdom of the Old World vainly tasked itself to frame constitutions, I hat could, at least, be the subject of experiment; the men of Tennessee, in less than twenty-five days, perfected a fabric, which, in its es sential forms, was to last lorever. They came together, full of faith and leverence, of love to humanity, of confi dence in truth. In the simplicity of wisdom, they framed their constitution, acting under higher influences than they were conscious of— They wrought in sad sincerity, Themselves from God they could not free; They builded better than they knew; The conscious stones to beanty grew. In the instrument which they framed, they embodied their faith in God, and in the immortal nature of man. They gave the right of snffiage to every freeman; they vindicated the sanctity of reason, by giving freedom of speech and of the press; they revetcnced the voice of God, as it speaks in the soul of man, by asserting the indefeasible right of man to worship the Infinite according to his own conscience; they rs'ablished the freedom and equality of elections; and they demanded from every future legislator a solemn oath “ne ver to consent to any act or thing whatever that shall have even n tendency to lessen the rights of the people.' These majestic lawgivers, wi>er than the Solous, and Ly- curguses, and Numas ofl the Old World—these prophetic founders of a State, who embodied in their constitution the sublimest truths of humanity, acted without reference to hu man praises. They kept no special record of their doings; they took no pains to vaunt their deeds; and when their work was done knew not that they had finished one of the sublimest acts ever performed among men. They left no record, as lo whose agency was conspicuous, whose eloquence swayed, whose generous will predominated: nor should we know, but for tradition, confirmed by what followed among themselves. The men of Tennessee were now a people, and they were to send forth a man to stand foi them in the Congress of the United Stales—that avenue to glory—that home of eloquence —the citadel or popular power; and, with one consent, they united in selecting the forem-jstmsn among their law givers —Axiinxw JacksoK. The love of the people of Tennessee followed him to the American Congress; and he had served but a single term, when the State of Tennessee made him one of its represen tatives ill llie American Senate, where he sat under the aus pices of Jefferson. Thus, when he was scarcely more than thirty, lie had gui ded the settlement of the wilderness; swayed the delibera tion of a people in establishing its fundamental laws; acted as tlie representative of his organized State, disciplined to a knowledge of the power of the people and the power of the State?; the associate of republican statesmen, the friend and companion of Jefferson. Tlie men who framed the constitution of the United Stales, many of them did nil kno v the Innate life and *®lf- preserving energy of their work. They feared that free dom could not endure, and they planned a strong govern, ment for its protection. During hit short career in Congress,'Jackson showed his quirt, deeply-seated, innate, intuitive faith in human free dom,and in the institutions of freedom. He wnsever.by his vote* and opinions, found among those who had confidence in humanity; and in the great division of minds, this child of the woodlands, this representative of forest life in the west, was found :n -dually and firmly on the side of freedom. It did not occur to him to dount the right of mat ui the free development of his |xiwers; it did not occur to him to place a guardianship over the people; it did uot occur to him to seek to give durability to popular institutions, by giving to government n strength independent of popular will. From the first, he was attached lo tile fundamental doc trines of popujar power,and of the policy tlat favors it; and* though his reverence for Washington surpassed his rever ence for any human being, he voted against the address from the House of Representatives to Washington on his retirement, heeause its language appeared to sanction the financial policy which he believed hostile to republican freedom. During his period of service in the Senate. Jackson was elect 'd major eeneral by the brigadiers and field olficera of the militia nf Tennessee. Resigning Ids place in the Sen- nte, be was made lodge of the supreme court in law and equity; such mu the confidence in Ids integrity of purpose, his clearne i ofjadpmeot, and Ids vigor of will to deal justS ly among t*»e. turbulent who crowded into the new, settle- meins of Tennessee. Tims, in tlie short period of nine years, Andrew Jackson wtis signalized by as many a- idenres of public esteem could fall on the hit nf man. The the defender of its stations, ho w hi h: Fond of private life, ho < otlicc, but tlio whole count lure," they cried, “nevei thought and independence ment.’* Jlui alter a few years, re! caret of the bench, lie gave hinise! independent life of a husbandman, ment the fame of natural intelligent prompt, frank, tnd ardent soul.” e resign V demanded his designed that v if mind should b< lie id till ngrant and the pin- •rvicc. *\Na nr powers of lost in retire- self from the iviiv and the •d into re1iro ned was cherished as _ m His vigor of character cotisl t Hod him firs: sniongall with whom he assorist^i.' A private tnaaas he was, bis name was familiarly spoken round every hearthstone in Tennessee. Men loved pi discuss Ins qualities. All discerned his power; aud when the vehe mence and impetuosity of his nature were observed upon, there were not w anting those who saw, beneath the l lazaig fires of his genius, the soli titj ol his judgment His hospitable roof slicbered the neer; and, as they made their way tolhoirnew homes, they filled the mountain sides slid the valleys with his praise. Connecting himself, fora season, with a man of business, Jackson soon discerned the misconduct ofui| associate. It marked his character, that he insisted, himself, on paying every obligation that had been tontracled; and, rather than endure tlie vassalage of debt, he instantly parted with the rich domain which his early enterprise had acquired—with his own mansion—with the fields which he hiiusell had first tamed to the plauglishare—with the forest whose trees were as familiar to him ns hi* friends—and chose rather to dwell, fora lime, in a rude log-cabin, in the pride of independence and integrity. On all great occasions, Jackson’s influence was deferred to When .Teffeisnn had acquired for the country the whole of Louisiana, and there seemed some hesitancy, on the part of Mpain. to acknowledge our possession, the services of Jacksou were solicited by the national administration, ana were not called into full exercise, only from the peaceful termination ol tlie incidents that occasioned tho summons. In the long series of aggressions on the freedom of the seas, and the rights of the American lhig. Jackson was on the side of his country, and the new maritime code of re publicanism. In his inland home, where the roar of the breaker* was never heard, and die mariner was never seen, he resented the couiiuued aggression on our commerce and’ on our sailors. * . , When tlie continuance of wrong compelled Ihe nation to resort to arms, Jackson, led by the instinctive knowledge of his own greatness,yet with a modesty that woulJ have hon ored the'uio.-t sensitive delicacy of nature, confessed his wil lingness to be employed on the Canada frontier; and it is a fact, that he aspired lo tho command to which Winchester was appointed. We may ask, what would have been the nine a candidate. He feltsensihly that he entitle culture, and little familiar with let- ver obtruded his opinions, or preterred iiut, whenever his opinion was demanded, eady to pronounce it; nod whenever his , . did not shrink even fiom lil.ed by tho most cultivated men result, if the comtnaud of the north western army had, at the opening of the war, been intrusted to a man who, in action was ever so fortunate, that his vehement will seemed to havo m ide destiny capitulate lo his designs? The (uith of duty led him in another direction. On die de claration of war. twenty-five hundred volunteers had risen at his word to follow his standard; but, by cuuuterinanditig orders from the seal orgorernmeut, the movement was with out effect. A new and great dargerhung over the West. The In dian tribes were to make one fast effort to restore it to its solitude, aud recover it for savage life. The brave, relent less Shawnees—who, from time immemorial, had strolled from the waters of the Ohio to the rivers of Alabama—were animate ! by Tecuinseli and his brother the Prophet, who spoke to them as the voice cf the Great Spirit, and roused the Creek nation to .desperate massacres. - Who has not heard of their terrible deeds when their ruthless cruelty spared neither sex nor age? when the infant and its mother, the planter and his faintly, who had fled for refuge to the fort- ress. the garrison that capitulated—all were slain, and'not a vestige of defence was left in the country? The cry of the West demanded Jackson for its defender; aud though his arm was then fractured by a ball, and bung in a sling, lie placed, himself at tlie head of the volunteers of Tennessee, and resolved to terminate forever the hereditary struggle. Who can tell the horrors of that campaign? Who can paint rightly the obstacles which Jackson overcame—moun tains, the scarcity nf untenanted forests, winter, the failure of supplies from the settleinenls, the insubordination of troops, mutiny, menaces of desertion? Who can measure the wonderful power over men, by which his personal prow ess and attractive energy drew them in mid-winter from their homes, across mountains and morasses, and through trackless deserts! Who can describe the personal heroism of Jackson, never sparing himself, beyond any of his men eitcuuuicibq; *»d and fatieue, sharing every labor of the camp and ol the march, foremost in every danger; giving up his horse to the invalid soldier, while'he himself waded through the swamps on foot? Kune equalled him in |lower of endurance; ami tlie private soldiers,’ as they found him passing them on the march, exclaimed, “he is as tough as the hickory." "Yes," they cried to one another, “there goes Old Hickory!" Who can narrate the terrible events of the battles of Emuckfaw, or the glorious victory of Tohopeks, where the anger of the general against the faltering was more appal ling than the war-whoop and the rifle of the savage? Who can rightly conceive the fleld of Enotocbopco, where, the g eneral, as ho attempted to draw the sword to cut down a ying colonel who was leading a regiment from the field, broke again the arm which was but newly knit together; and, quietly, replacing it in the sling, with his commanding voice arrested die flight of the troops, and himself led them back to victory. In six short months of vehement action, the most terrible Indian war in our aunals was brought to a close; the proph ets were silenced; the consecrated region ot the Creek na tion teduced. Through scenes of blood, the avenging hero sought only the path to peace. Thus Alabama, a part of Mississippi, a part of his own Tennessee, and th* highway to the Florida*, were his gifts to the Uuion. These were ■ uis uupiswi Genius as extraordinary'99 mlliinry evenis can call Forth, was summoned into action, in this rapid, efficient, and most fortunately cond acted war. Time would fail were I to track our hero down the water courses of Alabama to the neighborhood of Pensacola. How he hinged to plant the eagle of his country on its bntdemems! Time would fail, and words be wauling, were I to dwell on the magical influence of his appearance in New Orleaus. Hia presence dissipated gloom and dispelled alarm; at once he changed the aspect ol despair into a confidence of security and a hope of acquiring glory. Every man knows the tale of the heroic, sudden, and yet deliberate daring which led him, on the night of the twenty-third of December, to precip itate his little army on his foes, in the thick darkness, before they grew familiar with tlieir eucamproent, scattering dis may through veteran regiments of England, and defeating them, and arresting their progress by a far inferior force. Who shall recount the counsels of prudence, the kindling words of eloquence, that cuslied from his lips to cheer his soldiers, his skirmishes and battles, till that eventful morning when the day at Bunker's Hill had its fulfilment in the glo rious battle of New Orleans, and American independence stood before the world io the majesty of victorious power. These were great deed* for the nation: for himself lie did a greater. Had not Jackson been renowned for the ve hement impetuosity of his passions, for his defiance of oth ers' authority, and the unbending vigor of his self-will ?— Behold the savior of Louisiana, all garlanded with victory, viewing around him the city he had preserved, the maidens and children whom his heroism had protected, stand in the presence of a petty judge, vvho gratifies his wounded vanity by an abuse of his judicial power. Every breast in the crowded audience heaves with indignation. He. the pas sionate, the impetuous—be whose power was to be hum bled, whose honor questioned, whose laurels tarnished, alone stood sublimely serene; and when the craven judge trembled, and faltere 1, and dared not proceed, himself, the arraigned one, bade him take courage, and stood by the law even in the moment when the law was made the instrument of insult and wrong on himself—at the moment of his most perfect claim to the highest civic honors. His country, when it grew to hold many more millions, the generation that then was coining in, has risen up to do homsge to the noble heroism of thatliour. Woman, whose feeling is always right, did honor from the first lo the purity of his heroism. The people of Louisiana, to the latest hour, ill cherish his name as their greaiest benefactor. Tlie culture of Jackson’s mind had been much promoted bv his services and associations in the war. His discipline of himself as the chief in command, his intimate relations with tnen like Livingston, the wonderful deeds in which he bore n part, all matured his judgment and mellowed his character. ....... Peace came with its delights; once more the country rushed forward in the development of its powers; once more the arts of industry healed the wounds that war had inflicted ; and. from commerce and agriculture and manu factures. wealth gashed abundantly under the free activity of unrestrained enterprise. And Jackson returned to liis own fields and his own pur suits, to cherish his plantation, to care for his servants, to look after his stud, to enjoy the affection of the most kind snd devoted wife, whom he resjiected- with the gentlest deference, and loved with an almost miraculous tenderness. And there be stood, like one of the mightiest forest trees of his own West, vigorous and colossal, sending iu summit to the skies, and growing on iu native soil in wild and inim- iubie magnificence, careless of beholders. From ill parts of the country he received appeals to his political ambition, and the severe modesty of his well-bnlanced mind turned them all aside. He was happy in his farm, happy in seclu sion, happy in his family, happy within himself. But the passions of the southern Indians were not allayed by the peace with Great Britain; nnj foreign emissaries were still ninongihem. to inflame and direct their malignity. Jackson was called forth by his country to restrain the cru elty of the treacherous anil unsparing Seminoles. It was in ihe train of the events of this war t'iot he placed the A- inerican eagle on St. Mark’s and above the ancient towers ol* St. Augustine. 'His deeds ir. that war, of themselves, form a monument to human power, to the celerity of his ge nius, to the creative fertility of hi* resources, his intuitive sagacity. As Spain, in hisjudgment. had committed aggres sion, lie would have emancipated her islands; of the lie- vsus, he caused the reconnoissatice to be made; and, with an army of five tliousaiui tnen, he stood ready to guaranty her redemption from colonial thraldom. But when peace was restored, and his office was accom plished, his physical strength sunk under the pestilential influence of the climate, ard, fast yielding tn disease, ho was borne in a litter across the swamps of Florida towards his home. It was Jackson's character that he never solici ted aid from any one; hut he never forgot those who ren dered him service in the liourol need. At a time when all arouni him believed him nearhisend, his wife hastened to liis side; and, by her tenderness and nursing care, her pa tient assiduity, and the soothing influence of devoted love, withheld linn from the grave. He would have remained quietly at his home in repose, hut that he was privately informed, his good name was lo be attainted by somo intended congressional proceedings; he came, tnerefore, into the presence of the people's repre sentatives at Washingtnn, only In vindicate his name ; and, when that was achieved, he was once more communing with his own thoughts among the groves of the Hermitage. It was not liis own ambition which brought him again lo pioneer of thewildernass. I the public view. The affection or Tennessee compelled IS their taw river, the sole j him to resume a seal on the fl »r of the Am.-rican Senate, representative of the ?iato In the P.-uate. tho Tiiglo- tin mil- : nnd, after years of the intensest political strife, Andrew itary command,.tlie high' st injudicial office. He scorned to I Jackson was elected President of the United c-talos. he recognised as the first in love of liberty, the fir t it: ihc 1 Far from advancing liis own pretensions, lie always kept science of legislation, in judgment, and integrity. I' them bvfc, tod had fur years repressed the solicitations of I hi the station which had.bee our nation had proJuced. Behold, then, the unlettered man of the .West, the nur- sli ]•' of the wilds, the farmer of tho Hermits ge, little ver- sadio books, unconnected by science with the trsditionof lh,. na-t. i :iisod by li;.* will of the pen]do to I lie highest .pin- uncle of honor, to the central post in the civilization of re publican freedom, to the station where all the nations of the earth would watch liis actions—where liis words would vi brate through the civilized world, and his spirit lie the mo- ving-star to guide the nations. What policy will he pur- sue'? What wisdom wild he bring with him from the fin- est? What rules of duty will he evolve Troin the oracles of his own mind ? The ina'n of the West same ns the inspired prophet of the West; he came as one free from the bonds of hereditary or established custom; he caine with no superior but consci ence, no orsclebut his native judgment; and, true to liis or igin uud his education—true to the conditions nnd circum stances of his advancement, he valued right more than usage; he reverted from the pressure of established inter est* to the energy of first principles. We tread on ashes, where the lire is not yet extinguished; yet not to dwell on his cateer as President, were to leave out of view the grandest iliustrntions of bis magnanimity. The legislation of the United Stales had followed the precedents of the legislation of European monarchies; it was the office of Jackson to lift the country out of the Euro pean forms of legislation, nnd to open tn it n catecr resting on American sentiment and American freedom. He would have freedom everywhere—freedom under the icstrainls of right; freedom ot industry, of commerce, of mind, of uni versal anion; freedom, unshackled by restrictive privileges, unrestrained by the thraldom of monopolies. The unity of his mind anil his consistency were without n parallel. With natural dialectics, he developed the po- lilieal doctrines that suited every emergency, with a precis ion and a harmony that no theorist could hope to equal.— On every subject in politics—I speak but a fact—lie was was thoroughly nnd profoundly and immovably radical; and would sit for hours, and in a continued flow of remark make the application of his principles to every question that could arise iii legislation,or to the interpretation of the constitution. His expression of hiinsetf was so clear that his influence C ervaded not our land only, but all America and all man- ind. They say that, in the physical world, the magnetic fluid is so diffused, that its vibrations are discernible simul taneously in every part of the globe. So it is with tliq ele ment of freedom. And as Jackson developed its doctrines ftoin tiieir source in the mind of humanity, the popular sym pathy was moved and agitated throughout the world, tilfhis name grew everywhere to he the symbol ofpopular ; tower. Himself the witness of the ruthlessness of savage life, he planned tho removal of the Indian tribes beyond the limits of Re organized States; and it is the result ol his determin ed policy that the region east of the Mississippi lias been transferred to the exclusive possession of cultivated man. A pupil of the wilderness, his heart was with the pioneers of American life towards the setting sun. No American statesman has ever embraced within nis affections a scheme so liberal for the emigrants as that of Jackson. lie longed to secure to them, not pre emption rights only, bntmore lean pre emption rights, lie longed to invite labor to take pos session of the unoccupied fields without money and without price: with no obligation except the perpetual devotion of itself by allegiance to its country. Under the beneficent in fluence of his opinions, the sons of misfortune, the children of adventure, fiud their way to the uncultivated West.— •Therein some wilderness glade, or in the thick forest of the fertile plain, or where the prairies most sparkle with flowers, they, like the wild bee which sets them the exam- ple of industry, may choose their home, mark the extent of tliejr possessions by driving stakes or blazing trees, shelter their log-cabin with boughs and turf, and teach the virgin soil to y ield itself to the ploughshare. Theirs shall be the soil, theirs the beautiful farms which they teach to be pro ductive. Come, children of sorrow ! you on whom the Old World frowns; crowd fearlessly to the forests; plant your homes in confidence, for the country watches over you; your children grow around you as hostages, and the wilder ness, at your bidding, surrenders its grandeur of useless luxuriance to the beauty nnd loveliness of culture. Yet beautiful and lovely as is this scene, it still by far falls short of the ideal which lived in the affections of J ickaon. His heart was ever with the pioneer; uis policy ever favored the diffusion of independent freeholds th'oughout the labor ing classes of our laud. It would be a sin against the occasion, were I to omit to commemorate the deep devotedness of Jacksnn to the cause and to the rights of labor. It was for the welfare of the la boring classes that he defied all the storms of political hostil ity. He longed to secure to labor the lruits of its own in dustry; and Tie unceasingly opposed every system which tended to lessen their reward, or which exposed them to be defrauded of their dues. The laborers may bend over his grave with affectionate sorrow; foi never, in the tide of tiiqe, did a statesman exist more heartily resolved to j rotect them in their rights, aod to advance their happiness. For their benefit, he opposed partial legislation; for tlieir bene fit. he resisted all artificial method* of controlling labor, and subjecting it to capital. It was for their benefit that he loved freedom in all its forms—freedom of the individual in personal independence, freedom of the States as separate sovereignties. He never would listen to counsels which tended to tho centralization of power. The true American system presupposes the diffusion of freedom—organized life in all the parts of the American body politic,' as there is or ganized life in every part of the human system. Jacksnn wns deaf to every cuunsel which sought to subject general labor to a central will. His vindication of the just princi ples of the constitution derived its sublimity froni his deep conYVrtlon that this strict construction is required by the las* ting welfare of the great laboring classes of the United States. To this end, Jackson revived the tribunicial power of the veto, acd exerted it against tl.e decisive action cf both branches ot' Congress, against the votes, the wishes, the en treaties of peraonai and political friends. "Show me.” was liis reply to them, “show me au express clause in tne consti tution authorizing Congress to take the business of State legislatures out of their hands.” “ You will ruis us all," cried a firm partisau frieud, “you will ruin your party a"<! your own prospects." 'Providence,” answered Jacluoit, "will take care of me;” and he persevered. In proceeding to discharge the debt of die United States —a measure thoroughly American—Jackson followed the example of his predecessors; but lie followed it with the full consciousness that lie was rescuing the country from the artificial system of finance which had prevailed through out the world; and with him it formed a part nf a system by which American legislation was to separate itself more and more effectually tram European precedents, and de velop itself more and more, according to the vital principles of our political existence. The discharge of the debt brought with it, of necessity, a great (eduction of the public burdens, and brought, of ne cessity, into view, the .question, how far America should follow, of choice, the old restrictive system of high duties, under which Europe had oppressed America ; or how far she should rely on her own freedom and enterprise and power, defying the competition, and seeking the mar kets, and receiving the products of the world. The mind of Jackson on this subject reasoned clearly, and without passion. In the abuses of the system of reve nue by excessive imposts, he saw evils which the public mind would remedy; and, inclining with the whole might •f his energetic nature to the side of revenue duties, he made his earnest hut tranquil appeal to the judgment of the people. The portions of country that sufferedjmost severely from n system of legislation, which, in its extreme character as it then existed, is now universully acknowledged to have been unequal and uujusl, were Jess tranquil; and rallying on the doctrines of freedom, which made our Government a limit ed one, thev saw in the oppressive acts an assumption of power which was nugatory, because it was exercised, as they held, without authority from the people. The contest that ensued was the most momentous in our nnnals. The greatest minds of America engaged in the discussion. Eloquence never achieved sublimer triumphs in the American senate than on those occasions. The coun try became deeply divided ; and the antagonist elements were arrayed against each other under forms of clashing authority menacing civil war; the freedom of the several States was invoked against the power of die Uuited States; aud under the organization ol a State in convention, the re served rights of the people were summoned to display their energy, nnd balance the authority and neutralize the legis lation of tho central government.’ The States were agitated with prolonged excitement; the friends of freedom through out tho world looked on widi divided sympathies, praying that the union of the States might he perpetual, and “also that the commerce of die world might be free. Fortunately for the country, nnd fortunately for mankind, Andrew Jackson was at the liidin of state, the tenreseuta- tive of the principles that weie to allay excitement, and to restore the hopes of peace and Freedom. By nature, by impulse, by education, by conviction, a friend to personal freedom—by education, political sympathies, and the fixed' habit of his mind, a friend to the rights of the Stales—un willing that the liberty of the States should be trampled un-' der foot—unwilling that the constitution should lose its vig or or be impaired, lie rallied for the constitution: and in its name he published to the world “The UnioS: it must be preserved.” The words were n spell to hush evil pas sion, and to remove oppression. Under his guiding influ ence, the favored interests which had struggled to perpet uate unjust legislation, yielded to the voice of moderation aad reform; and every mind that had fora moment contem plated a rupture of the States, discarded it forever. The whole influence of the past was invoked in favor of the con stitution; from the council chambers o r the fathers, who moulded our institutions—from the hall where American independence was declared, the clear, loud cry was uttered — "the Union: it must be preserved.” From every battle field of the revolution—from Lexington and Bunker Hill— from Saratoga and York:own—from the fields of Eutaw— from the cane-brakes that sheltered the men of Marion—the repeated, long-prolonged echoes came up—"the Union: it must be preserved.” From every valley in our land— from every cabin on tlie pleasant mountain sides—from the shins at our wharves—from the tents of the hunter in our westernmost prairies—from the living minds of the living millions of American freemen—from the thickly coming glories of futurity—the shout went up, like the sound of ina- n* waters, "the Union: it muxtbc preserved." The friends of the protective system, and they who had denounced the protective system—the statesmen of the North, that had wounded the constitution in their love of centralism—the statesmen of the South, whose minds had enrried to its ex treme the theory nft-t*:e rights—ail conspired togethei: all breathed prayers for the perpetuity of tho Union. Under the prudent firmness ofJurkson—under the mixture of jus tice and general regard for all interests, the greatest danger to our institutions was turned aside, and mankind wa» en couraged to believe lhar our Union, like our freedom, is imperishable. The moral of the great events of those days is this: that the people can disaern right, aud will make their way to a L-ht; that tne < mind of the euce; that tin ole bun ion, ha ml,and there- nppe il l'roi knowledge of fore with it tl improving ex! lation of to day must be made quietly, ingty, to the more enlightened colic row; tnat submission is due to the popular will, in the con fidence that the people, when in error, will amend theirdo lugs; that in a popular government injustice is neither to lie established bv force, not to lie resisted by lorce; in a word, that the Union, which was coii iitntc-d by consent, must he preserved bv love. It rarely .falls to the happy lot of a statesman to teceivfc such unanimous applause tioui the heart ot a the unjust leg* uestly. petseve the dead demands tl measures should not pass i which, his vigor of character conflict with opposing parties ted. d. Duu tlie course of ? progress of ost violent and p ekson came to tl i hi rotrat : Tr f the ir laws on the contemplated with awe the unmatched hardihood of hia cnqractor : and Xapnleon. had lie possessed his disinterest ed will, could never have been vanquished, .lack.sen never was vanquished. He was always fortunate. He conquer- ed the wilderness ; he conquered the savage ; he conquer ed the bravest veterans trained in the battle fields ol Ku. rope ; lie conquered everywhere in statesmanship ; and, when death came t«> eei the mastery over him, he turned that Inst enemy aside as tranquilly as he had done the fee- blest of his advers.-ries. and escaped from earth in the tri umphant consciousness of immortality. Iii.* body Iras its fit resting-place in the great central val ley of the .Mississippi ; his spirit testa upon our whole ter ritory ; it hovers over the v.iles of Oregon, and guirda, in advance, the frontier of the Del Norte. Tlie fires of par* ty . ;>.rn are quenched at his grave. His faults and frail ties li ive perished. Whatever of good lie has done, lives, tered, still spread the dame of patriotism through the Arne rican breast; his counsels were still listened to with reve lence ; and, almost alone among statesmen, he in his re tirement wa3 in harmony with every onward movement of his time. His prevailing influence assisted to sway a neighboring nation to desire to share our institutions; his ear heard ttie footsteps of the coming millions that are to S ladden our western shores; and his eye discerned iu the im distance tlie whitening sails tnnt are to enliven the wa ters of tlie Pacific with the social sounds of our successful commerce. Age had whitened his locks, and djmmea his eye, and spread around him the infirmities nnd venerable emblems of many years of* toilsome service; but his heart beat as warmly as in youth, and his com age was as firm as it had ever been in the day of battle. But while i 113 affections were still for his friends and his country, liis thoughts were already in n better world. Tiiat exalted mind, which in active life had always had unity of perception and will, ;vhich in action had never faltered from doubt, and which in ccutlC’lhad always reverted to first principles and gene ral laws, now pvc itself up to communing with the Infinite. He was a believCJC ffCTO feeling, from experience, from conviction. Not a shanu'W of scepticism ever dimmed tlie lustre of his mind, l’roud phiiOSOD^ ! will jou smile to know that Andrew Jackson perused revereiffiv kis Psalter and Prayer-book and Bible t Know that Andrew Jackson had faith in the eternity of truth, in the imperishable power of popular freedom, in the destinies of humanity, in the virtues and capacity of the people, in hi3 country's institu tions, in the being and overruling providence of a merciful and ever living God. The last moment of his life on earth is at hand. Itis the Sahbatli of the Lord; the brightness nnd beauty of summer clothe the fields around him : nature is in her glory : but the sublimest spectacle on that day, on earth, was the vic tory of his unblenching spirit over death itself. When he first fell the hand nf death upon him, “May my enemies,” he cried, “ find peace; may the liberties of my country endure forever.” When liis exhausted system, under the excess of pain, sunk, for a moment, from debility, “ Do not weep,” said he to his adopted daughter; •* my sufferings are less than those of Christ upon the cross ; for he, loo, as a disciple of the cross- could have devoted himself, in sorrow, lor man kind. Feeling his end near, he would see all his family once more ; and he spoke to them, one by one, in words of tenderness and affection. His two little grandchildrtn were absent at Sunday-school. He asked for them ; and as they came, he prayed for them, and kissed them, and biessed them. His servants were then admitted : they gsthered, some in his room, and some on the outside of his house, •clinging to the windows, that they might gaze aud hear.— And that dying man, thus surrounded, in a gush of fervid eloquence, spoke with inspiration of God, of the Redeemer, of salvation through the atouemeut, of immortality, ofheav- For he ever thought that pure aud undefiled religion was the foundation of private happiness, and the bulwark of republican institutions. Havingspoken of immortality in perfect consciousness of his own approaching end, lie bade them all farewell. “ Dear children.” such were his final words, “ dear children, servants, and friends, I trust to meet you all in heaven, both white and black—all, boili white and black.” And having borne his testimony to im mortality, he bowed his mighty head, and, without a groan, the spirit of tlie greaiest man of his age escaped to the bo som of his God in life, hi* career had been like the blaze of the sun in the fierceness of its noon-day glory ; his death was lovely as the mildest stiuset of a summer’s evening, when ihe sun goes down in tranquil beauty without a cloud. To the ma jestic energy of an indomitable will, he joined a heart capa ble of the purest and moat devoted love, rich in the tender- est affections. On the bloody battle-field of Topoheka. he saved an infant that clung lo the breast of irs dying mo ther: in the stormiest moment of his Presidency, at the im minent moment of decision, he paused in his way. to give good counsel to a poor suppliant tiiat had come up to him for succor. Of the strifes in which he was engaged in his ear lier life, not one sprang from himself, hut in every case he became involved by standing fix th as the champion of the w -ak, the poor, ami the defenceless to shelter the gentle against oppression, lo protect the emigrant against the ava rice of the speculator. His generous soul revolted nt the barbarous practice of duels, and by no man in the land have so many been prevented. The sorrows of those that were near to him went deeply into his soul ; and at the anguish of the wife whom he lov ed, the orphans whom he adopted, he would melt into tears, and weep nnd sub like ? child. No man in private life so possessed the hearts of nil around him: no publ'C man of tiiia country ever returned to private life with auch an abiding mastery over the affec tion* of the people. No man with truer instinct received American ideas • no man expressed them sa completely, or so boldly, or *o sincerely. He was as sincere a man ns ev er lived. He was wholly, always, and altogether siuccre and true. Up to the last, he dared do anything that it was right to do. He united personal courage and moral courage be yond any man of whom history keeps tlie record. Before the nation, before the world, before coming ages, he stands forth the representative, for liis generation, of the Ameri can mind. And the secret of his greatness is this : By intui tive conception, he shared and possessed all the creative ideas orliis country and his time. lie expressed them with dauntless intrepidity ; he enforced them with an immovable will; he executed them with an electric power that attract ed and swayed the American people. The nation, in liis •t : mc. had not one great thought, of which he svas not the boldest nnd clearest expositor. Ilislors does not describe the man that equalled him in firmnessof nerve. Not danger, not an army in battle array, not wounds, not wide spread clamor, not age, not the an guish of disease, could impair in the least degree tue vigor of his steadfast mitid. The heroes of antiquity would have TELEGRAPH & REPUBLIC. Tuesdays July lo, lS4o. FOR GOVERNOR, .11. II..&.!<Ei TIcALIsISTER, Of Chatham. For Senator of the 20th District, A. SI. CSIArPEL-L,, Of Dims, From his home in % Tennessee, J sidency resolved to lift American Ie forms of English legislation, and to pi currency in harmony with the principles of our gove ment. Jdccamo to the Presidency of the Uuited Stales solved to deliverthe govermnet from tlie Bank of the Ui cd States, and to restore the regulation of exchanges to tl rightful depository of that power—the commerce of il country, lie had designed to declare iiis views on tl subject in his inaugural address, but was persuaded to t linquish tiiat purpose, on the ground that it belonged rail ertoa legislative message. When the period for addres sing Congress drew near, it was still urged, that to attack the bank would forfeit his popularity and secure hi defeat. " It is not,” lie answered, "it is not for myself th I eare.’ It was urged that haste was unnecessary, as the bank had still six unexpended years of chartered existence, " I may die,” lie replied, " before another Congress come together, and 1 could not rest quietly in my grave, if I fail ed to Jo what I hold so esseutiul to the liberty ol'my cou try:” And his iirst annual message announced to tlie conn- try that the bank was neither constitutional nor expedient In tiiis he was in advance of the friends about him, in ad vance of Congress, and in advance of his party. This no time for the analysis of measures or the discussion of questions of political economy; on the present occasion we have to contemplate the character of the man. Never, from the first moment of his administration to th_ last, was there a calm in the strife of parties on the sulject of the curreru/y ; and never, during the whole period, did he recede or falter. Always in advance of liis party—al ways having near him friends who cowered before the har dihood ofbis courage, lie himself, throughout all the contest, was unmoved, from the first suggestion of the uneonstllu- tionality of the bank, to ;be moment when.he himself, first of all, reasoning from the certain tendency of its policy, with singular sagacity predicted to unbelieving friends the com ing insolvency of the institution. The storm throughout tne country rose with unexam pled vehemence ; his opponents were not satisfied with ad dressing the public, or Congress, or his cabinet; they threw their whole force personally on him. From all parts men pressed around him, urging him, entreating him to bend. Congress was flexible ; many of his personal friends faltered; the impetuous swelling wave rolled on, without one sufficient obstacle, till it teached his presence; but, as it dashed in its highest fury at his feet, it broke before his firmness. The commanding majesty of his will ap palled his opponents and revived hi* friends. lie, himself, had a proud consciousness that his will was indomitable.— Standing over the rocks of tlie llipllaps, and looking out upon the ocean, “ Providence,” said he to a frieud, “ Pro- videmm may change my determination ; but man no more can do it, than he can remove these Rip Raps, which have resisted the rolling ocean from the beginning of lime.” And though a panic was spreading through the land, and the whole credit system as il then existed Was crumbling to pieces and crashing around him, he stood erect, like massive column, which tlie heaps of falling ruins could not break, nor bend, nor sway from its fixed foundation. [At this point Mr. Bancroft turned to aildress the mayor of the city of Washington ; but, tiudiug him not present, he proceeded.] People of .the District of Columbia : I should fail of a duly oil this occasion, if I did not give utterance lo your sentiment of gratitude which followed General Jackson in to retirement. Dwelling amongst you, he desired your prosperity. This beautiful city, surrounded by heights the most attractive, watered by a river so magnificent, tlie home of the gentle and the cultivated, not less than the seatof po lilieal power—this city, whose site Washington had select ed, was dear to his affections; and if he won your grateful attachment by adorning it wi h monuments of useful arclii lecture, by establishing iu credit, and relieving its burdens lie regretted only tiiat he had not the opportunity to have gonnected himself still more intimately with your prosperi ty- As be prepared to take his final leave of the District, the mass of tlie population of this city, and the masses tlat had gathered from around, followed this carriage iu crowds, A1I in silence stood near him, to wish him adieu ; and as the cars started, and be displayed his gray hairs, as he lift ed his hat in token of farewell, you stood around with heads uncovered, too full of emotion to speak, in solemn si lence gazing on him as he departed, nevermore lo be seen in your midst. Behold the warrior and statesman, lii3 work well done, retired to the Hermitage, to hold converse with his forests, to cultivate his farm, to gather around him hospitably his friends! Who vas like him? He was still the load s.ar p rotest ed debt, in New York, metllie nppi'O ot the American people. His fervid thoughts* frankly ut- 1 The State Government. In our last number we showed tiiat when Governor McDonald entered upon his admin, -istralion, be found, (o use the language of Gov. Gilmer, “ihc credit of Ihe slate sacrificed and her character disgraced bj’ tlie protest in an other state, of a debt of $300,000.” Never in onr political history, was the public Treasury at so low an ebb, or the country at large in so embarrassed and suffering a condi tion. Tlio treasury was empty; the banks had suspended ; creditors were pressing tlie collection of tlieir debts and demanding specie which was not to be had, and debtors were driven to the last degiee of desperation. To mitigate tiiis general distress, the Central Bank discounted in 1S40, notes to the amount of $700,000. At page 10, of tlie Journal of the Senate of that year, Gov. McDonald, in his annual message,_says that “this institution,, with a liberality becoming it, administered to the general relief with all the means at ils com mand. It could not have done more without exposing its issues to a ruinous depreciation, which* would have been far more calamitous titan the evils intended to be remedied by its hind interposition.” Tln3 discount while it was a great relief to the people, affected the credit of notes little or none. In January, 1840, preceding the distribution, they were at a discount of from 6 lo 7 per centum in Au gusta, and in the close of December of the same year, tRey were at a discount of from 5 to 6 per centum. In April anterior to the dis count, they were at their greatest depreciation during that year, being from 10 to 12 per cent. In May, they were at 3 per cent, (see the table of discount published in the Constitutionalist of 27th May. During that year the Central Bank made arrangements for tlie payment of the priatiorsof the Legislature and paid the amount set apart for the support of common schools. Gov. McDonald informed the General As- embly that if the appropriations of the Leg-* isluture, which were annually increasing in amount, were to be met by the Central Bank,, it must cease its operations ns a Bank, collect! its debts, speedily recall its circulation which created an obligation paramount to all others,- and wind up its affairs. As a remedy for this evil, he recommended ihe Legislature to re sume the entire amount of slate taxes, “which,’” he remarked, “had for some, years been given to the counties with but little benefit to them,- but greatly to the injury of the^finunccs of the- State.” This was the first step towards the resusci tation of the fallen credit of the State. The” Legislature responded to the recommendation" of the Executive, by lire re-enactment of th® tax act of 1804, and directing the whole amount of tax to be paid into the treasury. The State Government could derive, however, no benefit from tiiis act prior to the first day of December,. 1841. It will be remembered that the Legis lature of 1840 was Whig, by a large majority, and that il was confidently believed tiiat the next election would bring into power by oi> overwhelming vote, a whig Governor, who would begin his administration with a treasury revived and replenished by the adoption of the recommendation of the democratic Governor. If such a result had not been looked to, we do not think we can be charged with a spirit of illiberally by surmising that tiiis necessary and wholesome policy would not have been adopted. The South. Last year when Texas called on us for ad mission into the Union, she was treated con temptuously by a party in this country. Sho sought for friends, nnd 11 j03- were few- nnd far between. Annexation was branded as a ‘hum bug.” But now- that our government having bid her come, she takes her stand proudly among the sister slates, and cannot count tho host of those who have always been friendly to her cause. There are those who know no cri terion of judging the merit of a cause, but by its success or failure, and that legion now join the .early friends of annexation in the joyful shout of welcome, as the star splanged banner is run up on the flag staff of every military pest in Texas, and waves proudly overll.at happy land. Nay,with a twelfth hour zeal they almost outvie those who have borne tlie burden and heat of the day, in manifestations of j >y. But Texas knows her friends. This forms a new era in the history of our country—especially the Southern portion of it. Wo have no allusion here to the numerical strength, gsined by the South, in Congress.—• The north lias the majority and must have; her States are more populous and she lias the Pacific fir her boundary, which we will aid Iter in maintaining, while the shortsightedness or foo lish generosity of our representatives, has suf fered the Indian tribes to occupy the lands west of us. The voice of tho South will have its due weight in the Senate, by the new acccs-