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i:i ->n, that we sir
:'.ne:«t. thr'm ’h !i
iti H vrtnae. e
tnry«
fUl’.i
1 Con
Fr
• Jem
That vaW
M..s, Jijrniti
The mat) l
Uti
„j»l only proseoute » nr trade with the
» r parrs. Her pertinacious adherence
ifirct-l by iter intnlerahle njisresMons
<*x! waste l our fnrbfttranee arid on the
rjjr , i v of J-iin*. HI-, th* Preside it issued his proelama-
i\ o • f war a^iinst (Ireat llritain. At no period in the his-
fttnr ^orerrTmeut.lias there been more* fearful excite-
i v *i-Af.*en the two grnt parties which hove always ex-
nth- Unite l S:.n m. Now, as in 179S. ami ’9J. the
*t wi* tirrnved n?nin«t the ilepnblifap party. The
r. with a le v hoo irab’e exceptions, sympathising
he enemy, an 1 a*lvocaiing submission an*l national
lariori •—the ht’er, “ beln»ving tliat the free l)-»rn sons
.- i.-i were worthy to enjoy the liberty, which their
* oircha-rd at the priceof so much bl;»o>| and treas-
,.e n i sre nsin the m »ans adopted by Great Britain, n
• • * commenced and persisted in. which might lead to
.a • . i; f nilional clnrazter and indepeudenre. felt no besi-
M in liv-isin ' redstnnea by force in which the Ainer-
i«* t- f of t i it day would prove’to ihe enemy and to the
w ». ■!. ;hat we had n »t only inherited that liberty which
i fiVi*r« gave in, hot ol»ot!ie will and vtrcr.r to main*
tv,:) it.*** "lu the intrepid rinks of the Republican basis
sto *! A 'drew Jackson; and when the cry** To arm*,"
t>e:de : ihroiwli the length and breadth of the land, his uo-
ido b .som responded u* the call of his c a a* try, awl panted
for the strife which shoald humble the proud '’mistress of
the seas.”
v ,n v s field of lab »raad a harvest of glory open before
l. i. No sooner had the arts of Congress of February
nn l July. 1812, authorizing the President to acrept the ser
vices of fifty thousand volunteers, been promulgated, than
he appealed to the c tizens of his awn military division;
an 1 anon twenty live hundred men rallied to his standard.
To pcrsnnnccnf the. direction nf thr Preet lent, on the Tth
of J an nary, 13T3, he prwe.eded wirh his troops. through
r 1 and ice down the Ohio .an 1 Mississippi rivers, to
HVches. where he was instructed io await run* er orders.
Shortly after his arrival, he received orders to dismiss his
nn.mpond and surrender every article r»f public property
to Brigadier General Wilkinson. Looking to the -eflert of
sack an order, and ::s utter incompatibility whh aflihecir*
enm*«Tarv*es of the ease. Ocoeral Jachso.i at nitre doubted,
whether obedience was his duty. Hifl%ick list numbered 1
one h mid red and fifty, more than one-third of w!i m were I
aimble to raise their beads. To obey was to roastgn them •
an intense suffering, iWs^air aud death, a thousand miles •
from home, in an aim »st untrodden wilderness What
could be the object of such an order ? Could it be to force j
the volunteers into the regular service ? That General !
•Wilkinson intended to tnakc it available for such a purpose !
wns evident from his conduct. But so unworthy and foul a j
delicti. General J.-fcksou was unwilling to ascribe to tlie ■
government. And yet it was so viewed by his troops, and
sneb would have been the effort of obedience to its requi- |
sittons. For a large majority of them were destitute of the
mein* of returning to -their homes, and would have been I
r 'impelled to enlist to procure uj.-uibsi-tor.ce. And a more fa
in! sfhrt mill would have attended the execution of such an
order ; it wool l have v^Led an insuperable obstacle to the
procurement in future, of voMnt.-er service, for the defer.ee
of the country. What was k* to do un3er these circum-
•ranees? He knew tint obciKcnce the first great du-
tv of » soldier; and yet m obey, was to"Tdo violence to
his feelings of humanity a'^1 justice, and to cripple the fu
ture defence of Ms country. Inlluenccd l>y aucli consider-
* ations, ar,i rbe Ireltef tint fne order was given in utter ig
norance of the circumstances by which he was surrounded,
he resolved that disregard of its requisitions was the path
of duty. He m neditiiely advised the secretary of war
of his determination, with a frank avowal of the reasons
on which he acted. In opposition to the protest of Gener
al Wilkinson, and in defiance of the duplicity of his field
offi -ers, who first approve 1. and then in secret caucus, ad
vised him to abandon it, lie executed bis determination.—
Surrendering his horse to the sick, lie marched on foot
with his troop* to their homes ami discharged them in the
embrace* of their friends. At the first glance his conduct
appears reprehensible. But in v'ew of the attendant cir-
cum-tances, and the motives which prompted him, the be
nevolence of his heart, the generosity oC #i* nature and
the unflinching firmness of liis will, are presented in bold
relief and challenge our highest admiration. Jt was how
ever .v--r-!-d not pardoned, and ike expense* of his
homeward march paid by the Government.
He arrived at home in May. 1813 whence, hr knew of no
existing cause to draw him. * But the yell or the savage and
the shriek* of helpless women and children soon aroused
him from his rural retreat. The Creek Indians, hitherto
friendly, have been excited to hostility. They have been
tampered with by British emissaries, deceived and duped
by Tvcum*e!i and his brother, wearing the amulet of a niis-
>i ma«*y Prophet feotn the Northern tribes, and supplied
witlt arms and ammunition by the Spaniards at Pensacola.
The whole lengdi of our frontier presents the most appal-
lim.- scenes of savage phrenzy, and the deep forests rever
berate with the heart chilling echoes of the war whoop —
Fort MiintT.s has been carried by Wethcrford. and three
hundred whites murdered without distinction of age or sex.
The intelligence of the bloody massacre has reached Ten
nessee. and. quick as electricity, has aroused the indignation
of us patriotic ci izens. The Governor, by authority of the
Legisiaittre. called out thirty-fire hundred of ibe *m : Iitia,
and required General Jackson to assume the crmuiand and
rendezvous at Fnyeueviile at the earliest possible day.—
riiougb severely afHirtcJ wl;!. - r*«M<imi arm, ne did not
..equate lie was not the uun tu lie supinely while the tom
ahawk and scalping knife of the Indian were dripping with
the blood of his fellow citizens. He proceeded rotiLwltli
to execute his order*. He appealed to those volunteers
who had accompanied him to Natchez, and urged them to
rush to the rescue of their bleeding I nuttier from savage
cruelly. He instructed them to rendezvous at Fayetteville
on the -ilk day of October prepared in all respects for active
service. In the mean time Col. Coflee with five hundred
Cavalry was ordered to hasten to Huntsville, for the defence
of that region till the infantry could arrive. On the Tth
General Jackson joined his army at Fayetteville, and on the
10:lt took up Ills line of march io the scenes of active war
fare. He went to teach the'savages a lesson of admonition.
He went to make them feel iLc —of a power which
••because it wps merciful, they believed •mpotem." H«
went t» posh the war into the enemy’s country, and flred
with Garthagenian fierceness, to avenge the blood ol women
*ud children spilt at the tn tssacre of Fort Mrinins. He an-
vnited his troops by the mo.-*! patriotic and soul-stirring ad-
dre**es. ^ He surmounted difficulties which would nave
j -jralysed the energies of any man, less deroted to his coun
try and less willing to endure hardships for Iter sake. His
m-.j were und'sc’jilined and uninured to the privations of
camp, so th it. in ad<lition to the task of instructing them
:n mlinry evolutions, he had sometimesto silence their com-
planus at: I supj» efcs mutiny and rebellion. But in the face
ol iu^h obstacles, he prosecuted the Creek campaign to a
successfjl and victorious termination. Always cheerful
u*) ivr the tn>*t trying circumstance*, lit was a~*trnnger to
despon lency and discontent. Incessant in vigilance, lie was
uever Taken by surprise l»y Ihs stealthy enemy, and perse-
in the execution* of bis plati*,' he was never defeated.
H;* iitcrallv » unted down the enemy in *beir forest biding
places, and in six tnrittha cltaMisea thorn into peace anu
r dmtjs-ion. To inarch to battle was to march to victory—
ire hard fought fields of Tallushatchce, Talladega,
Smock I aw, Snoiichopco and Tohopacn. he crowned bis
-'row with the victor’* wreath. Ami heureforward, the
:iir.y p cnerr pursued bi* plough unmolested, whi'st his
'. s * 5 - { * * ,er kelpless infant lay down to rest, freed from the
• r < t nocturnal assassination.
It ’ i iy be that n seric*of victories in Trdian warfare do
• •• sttcil so bright a halo around the name ol the victor, as
similar achievement* over a civilized foe. But if the de-
m of the General are robe computed, by the diflicubie*
•eocotinipred. t ie privations endu«ed, the fortirnde exercis*
r i. the intellect and genius called into requisition, and the
heuefirs conferred upon his country, then the blainry ,-,f bis
t v r " a, * w ' J, ror ™ one o* the I**^riest chapters in ihe
li c of this i. ? ustr*ons injo And if in the eattmation of dis-
M u*', in"‘denis oneorred daring bis Indian campaigns
W ttc.t exht M Ins kindness and magnaniinitv as a man, his
. .rm ; ,e>s and courage a* a Generaf. On Ids return march
to b on brother. n*ler the battle of Ta'ladega. being short
7 Prov.sio”* tlie impression obtained among the army, that
i ieir (leneral was faring - sumptuously every day,” while
t ie\ were threatened with starvation. A soljfierone tnotn-
fir. perceiving him seated at the root of a tree in the act of
e mng. approached him with great humility, to make known
n-s comulaint*. hoping at the same time to have his hunger
-r: r’.d JL * f *t r - ,,1 rr aC ^*° n re P ,5eJ lo him, tliat - it liad
’ • I!. e . I l, . ,s I,,e * never to turn away a hungry man,
P . 11 W .°. 5 ln I,is P*‘ vv er to relieve ld,„. I -MW lly
ivHjtf will you wlnt I have;” and acermpanving the
*^1 i s W • . 6 •‘ ^cs 1 e^?, * ,, ' ,Tro with a few acorns, and
•• u t, tli** beat anil ouljf fne I
c ■ 11 n , t urt 8lriither, lie was greatly iinrpriseJ by
not expected supplies for Ms troops. Oisrontcot
minor," In. army, wltjrli soon ripeneil into open revolt, was
the rcstih. (ie.iern! Jackson resolved to suppress it. And
n i*i ii. they were nbont to more "IFru lie drew up
t ie sopjntecrs iii front of them, and ordered tliein pcreiiiti
-tonl v to stop tlicir progress at all hazards.
On another occasion, while in the net of deserting tlieir
Sjrner 11 nod olmononing the rouse of their country, heseiz-
s-.l a triMsket. plf.oc.1 iimself alone in fr-mi of tbecol.imn,
*" U '‘chired he would shoot the first man who should St-
srnipt to adv.inr.e- Making due allow,ore for the differ-
■enee of circumstances, this tarnished the reali.v of the high-
iy wrought picture of firmcess. drawn by Sir Walter Sw>u
*s he dceenbes Pitx J ones hid ding defiance to lloderick
WiltiM-Clxi, Alpin
But I have done. My people are all gone. I can now do I
no more than weep over the tnisforiunej of my iiathio.'*— |
The General lelt the kindling* of admiration. Being brave
himself, the linn and lofty bearing of this Child of the For- |
est, touched a resj»oiisivechord in his noble bosom. He gas'e i
\Veatherf«»r*l his option, either tn submit to the tern.s of
peace (which were, tliat tiie enemy should remove to the
rear of the army, and *eule Notibuf Fort Williams) or to J
continue the war. That he might retire and join the war ,
party if lie pleased, unmolested by his inwps ami unpreju
diced by the interview . The least that Weatherford could
have expected was »« be retained as a prisoner of war.-— ;
. li i . • i i. i? :—.i i j t
I hav3 now, fellow citizens, completed my imperfect
outline of the public caieer of the illustrious patriot of tile
Hermitage. I have proceeded upon the <•« nsuleraiion, that
his actions'properly viewed, constitute his beat eulogy, and
hive forborne to intersperse the narative. with the many
interesting reflections which are so naturally suggested.
*1 eace be still’ and pledged Ins life to the ludge. that the | Crudn as is the sketch, it portrays the iineaments of one of
same arm wbicli defended the city, should‘shield and pro- I the most remarkabfiP^orsouoges, of whom history keeps
ted the Court.* lie bowed to the judgement ami paid the the roerrd. Originating in the walks of virtuous and res-
tned t he ir.cumbent of the bench. But he enters stealthily
through the anxious crowd, lest his appearance io die
courtroom should produce excittinent, and stands before
the tribunal of his country. And w hen the .morxnurings of
the populace, ’like the sound of many waters,* were swel
ling into irrepressible phrenzy. he said to the multitude
xb of Fort Miming cried dloud for ;
.iii in. I low unlike the treatment f
ccived at the hamli of a British ulli- j
. he had die manliness to refuse to j
The blood-stained
vengeance and reti
which Jackson had
cer, when, being a b
perform a menial set vice ! j
With this interview, termiuaied die contest with the j
Creek Indians, which placed *he name e»f Jackson high on j
tUc CiKafogui-, or our bravest «nu most skilful miii anroNii- *.
linn Im. And in the spring of 1814. he received the np-
p*uniiuent of Major ixcneral of the Untied States to fill the
vacancy occasioned by the res’gnation of William Henry
Harrison.
Having conducted the Creek war, with such signal suc
cess, fie Was deemed b v tHe GoverHiiu-nt, the most suitable
person, to neg ante the terms of perin inent peace. He
w’as-tiiercf ire called on to net in a iw »-lbld c«pocky. And
oil the tenth of August, 1811, as special Commissioner of
the United States, he s icceedeu in conclud'-ng a treaty with
the Indians, conforuntole in its provisions, to the instruc
ts >us of the Secretary of War. It breathed -ather the lan
guage of demand than of erntract, was rather a capitula
tion, titan a contention. For such was the character of
l te in struct ions furnished as the basis of the tre;.ty.* By
its provisions, the Indians bound themselves * to listen no
mere to foreign emissaries—to hold no communication with
British or opouis.i garrisons; guaranteed to the United
States, the rigul* ole reeling military posts in their country,
a id a free navigad-ui of all their waters. They stipulated
also, dial they would sutler on -gent or trader to pass a-
m uig them, or hold ruy kind of commerce or intercourse
with their nation, unless specially authorised by the Presi
dent cl’the United Slnies.'*
in the progress of litis negotiation, the council insisted as
a condition precedent to the execution of the ticaty. on its
containing a reservation of certain tracts of land ; one for
Col. Hawkins, one for Mayfield, and unotber for Jackson,
as a token of gratitude for his exertions in their favor a-
gaiu&t ilus UmiUh Creek*. AU at fir.si r**fiw»»d hi* absent to
any such reservation. Ilut.n reconsideration, seeing that
a positive refusal was not only a waiver of the interests of
others, but a serious impediment to the conclusion of au im
portant treaty, he finally consented to tho reservation, spe
cified in a separate document from that containing the con
vention, with the distinct understanding, that, if ratified by
his government, that portion tf laud reserved to hiuiseif
should be disposed of for the benefit of those Indians who
had been reduced to poverty aud suffering by the w*ar.—
No action wds ever taken upon the matter by the Senate.—
But it stands a perpetual memorial of the benevolence of
his heart, and li s fidelity lo that unbending rale of his life,
mver to make htiojjicial power sub ei dent to the pro
motion oj Uis own private interest,
. Indicati ms began now to appear ut Pensacola, which ren
dered it necessary that Jncksutt should direct Iiis milita y
operations to that point. Governor Manriquez was a fiord •
ing aid and protection to the ludians who fled from the
Creek war. Briii'h troops were permitted *o visit Pensa
cola with the utmost freedom, aud associate with the Indi
ans, dressed in British uniforms. And he returned a most
insolent reply to a letter from General Jackson, requesting
an explanation oi his conduct. Jackson informed our Gov
ernment of these facts, and asked permission to reduce
Pensacola. In the mean time Col. Nichol (a British olheer)
arrived, issued an inflammatory proclamation, to excite the
citizens oi the United States to rebellion, arranged his plan
of operations, disciplined his troops on the neutral soil of
Flurida, and made an unsuccessful attack upon Fort Bow-
yer. which was garrisoned with a lew American soldiers.—
\Vbnt .was to be done / Was General Jackson to look
quietly on and permit these open violations of the laws of
neutrality, by the Spanish Governor? Or should be plant
the American Eagle on the walls of Pensacola ? Some-
llrog must be done and that speedily, to close this door
whicu was thrown wide open to the tuvading footsteps of
the enemy. To await the ktstruettons of the War De-
pvtmer.t, we»e to lose the favorable moment for action.—
To act according to the convictions of his tniud, were to as
sume a fearful responsibility. But he resolved to err. if
err lie must, on the side of Ins country. General C- fTee
having arrived on the spot, with two thousand well armed
Tennesseeans. Jackson placed himself at their head, took
possession of their town, and planted the American flag on
its surrendered rampatts. Nor did lie err. The long de
layed letter of the Secretary of War. f received snbfc
queutly to the transaction, contained the desired permis
sion, while the rules o c itr.ernattoiml law, which bis clear
head and patriotic heart anticipated, fully authorised and
sustained him. It was a movement of the utmost impor
tance to the United States. It dislodged, the British from a
strong position, confused their operation*, struck terror to
tho minds of the Indians, and taught the Spanish Governor
a lesson cfiespect for our rights, and of obedience to the
laws of neutrality.
But General Jackson s*»on relinquished Pensacola, to
fine without one syllable of compleint. And when with her
heart heaving with emotions of uralituile to the galiaut he
ro. who had defended her from insalt and injury—woman
raised by contribution and tendered butt the amount Iff tUUT
the fi te. he declined to receive it. He felt that if he had
violated the laws of his country.it behooved him to suffer
its penalty; and requested that the sum thus raised by fe
male munificence should he distributed among ll.e wid
ow-* and orphans of those who had fallen ip the conflict.
On the twenty eight anniversarv from the date of ti e
Tniposittra of this fine, it was refunded to the veteran her*
pectable obscurity, without the patronage of the great, by
the inherent energies ol bis own mighty intellect, lie forced
hjneelf upon the astonishment and administration -ol the
world, and in the language of South Carolina’s gifted son,
has impressnd ‘liis own charade- apon the litnea in which
he lived * .His character is a moral wonder in the history
of onr race, and stands out alone, iu the soliibdeof time,
like a stupendous pyramid, rising in oolossa! magnificence
until! it seems to bathe Its apex in the etherial blue. His
life.—lt"w full or toil, ofheeoic daring nf romantic adven
ture of privation and suffering. Its fruits—bow valuable
arnor*
Against a ,ruc/k Ilia back he bore,
A:» l firmly placed his «4*-l before.
" om ? come all,'mi : rock shall fly.
‘»m its fu*H! bate as soon ns I.”
?*! oppressed their mutinous dcrisn*. amlsav
»f h * r . c '. ,U:,lr >’ from disgrace. Tb***e are but
ji , Clu , * rr «»-*»oe«s which met him at every
" WM n ."f eiuergencv Neither an
r y larnisbe* a mure striking example
rage. By some,
* *• It ia held;
the chiefcsl virtue and
i the haver ,—in, 1
teak of. cannot in the world
rngsy ci.uuVct^mi, eJ. ,r
n : i,vrri,.« will, Weail^rf.irJ. at P.,rt TmiWi, after
... hi •IfH.iiri,ie.it ..f li," b.lt!e uf iBkimeka, niftmia
'Ulil'il <*xmn|(|e of l lie high w ,uVed «. :1 -nanii nitv of
. " t.—N. Fret..i" that lie ... overpowered and that I.'.,,..
• - re»i.|,nee. w ere cruelly to hi* countrymen. Ire apireared
" " lhp Ameriean cornu aider to ane for peace. The
f ci il Slid to him "1 had direcled that you should be
1 i i *"<1 hud you appeared in that way
. have known how t treat tou.” Weatherford re’
I'ce I an, in vwur power, do with ine aayou please. 1
, ""' rr - I h«»« ,!on« the -.vhite people all the harm I
u ", ^ 1 h "*«- f—ghl them, a.,.! f.nisht ihem bravejy. ]f I
uroiy. f would yet fight uni contend (o the last.—-
all _
sparac and heterogeneous population, tempt the invading
footsteps of the (oe They look to New Orleans as the
most favorable point of attack ; and thitherward. General
Jackson, on the 1st ol December directs bis march On
bis arrival at ihe city, be tinJ.ihe loyal alarmed and ready
to surrender in despair, the disaffected obstinate in their re
fusal to assist in the preparations for common defeure, the
public functionaries, including a large portion of the Legis
lature conniving at dissatisfie lion cud complaint and the
city infested with spies and traitors. Quick as lightning
bis great mind perceived what was necessary V* save the
city and the hono.- of the country, ami his indomitable will
resolved upop its execution. lie addressed bis mighty en
ergies io die work ; and in a few days the undisciplined
militia drilled and orgi: izeJ. the volunteer companies are
reviewed; and tlieir chivalry animated, the different forts
inspected and made available for defence, die despairing
and horror stricken are inspired with his own hope and
confidence of victory, disaffection and discontent are crush
ed, and in obedience to th J paramount law of necessity, the
city is placed under martial regulations, and literally con
verted into a vast military encampment. On the I6tb, the
enemy’s sails are seeugin the lakes, on die 23d they have
landed their forces within seven miles of the city, and arc
retarded by the vigorous and timely attack of the Ameri
can forces; on the 2t<t!i and again on the 1st of January,
they attack the American lines and seek to execute tlieir
plans by storm, and on both occasions are repelled with sig
nal loss, lly this time the British have learned, that to in
vade American Soil, they must gain every inch of ground by
marching over the slain corpses of freemen resolved on vie
tory or • tb die in the last ditch'” But the contest is not
ye: deci led. For eight days the two armies in sight of each
O’hir upon the same plain, direct their energies tn the pre
paration for the final blow. The pride nf Knglarid, the enn-
qnerers of Kurnpe, led by distinguished generals, were
there. Repeated defeats had wound them up lo the point
of desperation : the tarnished honor of tlieir flag must be
redeemed ; tlieir country mast not be disippoinied in the
expected tidings of brilliant viclnries; the world must be
amazed at the announcement of the continued prowess of
British arms. These were the feelings which animated
them for the decisive onset, whilst the common soldiery
were slimula ed. by the promise to be indulged in rioting
and revelling in the spoils of •• Beauty and Booty” as the
reward ef their brutish courage. Cautious as Fabius, firin’
and active ns Hannibal, Jacksnn perseveres day and night
tn making preparations to receive them; and brave as Cm
sar, lie awaits their attack with undaunted anxiety fertile
find strife. The morning of the 8tlt. “ big with the fate of
Cato ar.d of Home,” dawns, and Sir Edward Packenham,
at the bead nf bis ten thousand soldiers well disciplined
and flushed with fresh conquests upon the battlefields of
Europe, attacks with signal fierceness the American lines.
Our brave army received litem with three cheers which
“ made the welkin ring," ami then scattered among them
with desolating effect the leaden messengers tf death.
•• Then shook the hills with thunder riven,
Then rush'd the steed to battle driven,
And louder titan the bolts of Heaven,
Far peal'd tbe dread artillery.”
Packenham and Kean and Gibbs fell; nearly three thou
sand ol their^soldiers were slain; the enemy terror strick
en, retreated in confusion ; Gen. Lambert in vain sought to
rally them ; the walcliwoid of '* Beauty anti Booty ' had
no longer any charm tor tlie ear or the British soldier; the
American Eagle careering with majestic wing, swept tri
umphantly over the baule field, and on the scroll she bore
the inscription of vicTOllt glittered in the sunbeams.—
Henceforth let New Orleans be the Maralhoit, and Aitdtcw
Jackson, the Miltiadesuf America.
About the list of January a vague report reached
New Orleans of the coneiusi tn of peace, aud the enemy
retired lo their ships. This furnished a pretext to the
disaffected tu complain of the long continuance of mar
tial law.^ninl to excite dire intent aumii" the American ar
my. ith this design L utjllicr published a cntiiuinnica-
lion to one ofihc city papers highly seditious in its charac
ter which had the effect locauje some of tho coinpan e» to
desert their post*. Jackson immediately arrested him on
a charge of exciting mutiny. Judg; Ilall issued a writuf
Habeas Corpus for his release. This created a conflict
between the military an J civil power. To submit, was to
lose all be had gained aud surrender the city to sedition,
treaciiery and tlie foe. Jackson therefore disregarded the
•nan date of the Judge and ordered him to be carried be
yond di a lines of defence. Coon the otn*iaI ntmuuc'arinu
of peace, the declarati-nofmariial law was revoked. Judge
Hail returned to the city, and issued a Rule Ni. Si., against
caen
ll '* nn foreign relation*, recom-
se apnea •> ;--:u#._J uuc !flt p-i.
General Ja kson
sliuw cans
-j|»y he should not
be attached fur a contempt of the auih.uityof the Court.
Then the military submitted to the civil power, and Jack-
son exch-tugeJ the uniform of the General, for the costume
of the vitizen. He appeared in Court on-l tendered his
defence. But the court refused to heir it, ami imposed
upon him a fine ofmie thousand dollars f.»r the aliened of
fence. History furnishes no incident of more thrilling in
let esi or lofty fohliiuity. When the great law of .self
preservation demanded it. Jm-kson had made the military,
paramount to tlie civil authority. He saved the city font
being sac*e*l.lhe whole Southern territory from the des
olating nimli of the ipvading foe. and th*» country from dis
grace. In ih e assumption of a responsibility so tearful, lie
aeie 1 deliberately, coolly, and anon tbe solemn conviction
1 ,:it 11 '^' as tho only possible mode of successful defence.
1 or it time it suspended the operation of the civil law and
restrained the civil liberty of the ci'izen; but it was for the
preservation of both. Now summoned to appear
* does he net? Wilh the popular sytu*
L by q nod of liis head, lie could have
n!t;i
before the court. In
pathies at his coutr
kindled a blaze of
agnation, which would hive cousu-
*\ ulr. the instructions of the Secretary of War as
proper basis m the treaty, Ealon’a life ..l' Jackson, p. I
t ule. extract of General Armstrong*. Idler contain
the instructions uuJer dale of Julv IS. h, 1 J H. Eaton'*]
of Jacb.icn. j>. 213.
by an a ;c of the Congress of be Uniietl States, imstcd not , to liis eountsy and tlie cause ol'huinauuv!
by a party vote It was not done by his procurement; Hew is it. tint ons man acenmpIUlied eo tnucli 7 ''•N lint
nor as a boon or a charity; nur yet as a testiimmial nf point- j is tlie secret of his triumph over obstacles the ntnst embar-
lir approbation. For the continued confidence •■ftl.epeo- raising, and of bis unparrailelled_ success in all tlie great
pie an 1 the enthusiasm with which, they had twice elevated ] and stupt minus undertakings of his life? In every situa-
liitii to the highest nfiire in the world, had lung since reins. ‘ lion in which he was placed, his capabilities rose and ex-
ved all doubt on the subject. But it was in meet public n<. nfil,. nMnnn. nmi
seaiimenl, which demanded that even the ‘shadow of a
shade* of censure should not rest upon his fame.
Ahhuughthe victory or New Orleans terminated the war.
and tie ri turned lo Tennessee in the hope of rest, yet he
was notpremitted to tepnse long upon his laurels. In l5>17,
he was again sinniti ..led to the theatre nf Indian warefare.
Ami at the head of the Tennessee Volunteers and the
Georgia troops, he inflicted upon tbe Setninnles summary ,. — - - r .
chastisement, and rescued our bleeding frontier fronting i leaped fro.n pi e:n sc toconcluston.wiilit.ui traveling through
horrid scenes of savage cruelty. me lardy prnce»s of raiiocinatMui by which men usually
pander) with the emergencies of the nceasinu. until be em
phatically inndu bimseil the master spirit of the scene. He
had titr power as all limes to shape the means to suit the i
end he had in view, whether those means consisted in the |
instrumentality of human agency, or the skillful combina- j
linn and arrangement of iuaminate materials. Why was it
tints in reference to Geaeral Jackson? He had an intellect
ufmost gigantic structure; so all grasping in its operations
and rapid in its movements that with the speed of light, it
On the acquisition of Florida he was appointed Cover*
nor of the Territory, and was vested with the sole power
of organizing her Government. This dnrte wiilt his accus.
turned energy, love of republican freedom and enlightened
fjrec.tst, he resigned that office ami was elected again by
■he Legislature of Tennessee to the Senate-if the United
States. In 1822, he svas nominated by the same body rs
a candidate for the Presidency. He contested die field
warmly in the cainRpign of 1824 with Henry Clay. John
Quincy Adams, and William H. Crawford, ami received
a numerical majority of the popular vote. But neither can-
didate having a majority of the electoral college, tlie choice
for President devolved on the House of Representatives nf
the United States, who elected Mr. Adams. Tttis disre
gard of the pr pular will, increased the enthusiasm <>f the
people for Jackson, and on the 4th of March IS JO. he was
installed into the Execntivl tffice by a vote ol nearly two
thirds ol the electoral college, and was re elected iu 1832, a
second term, by a vote still more flattering.
The event of his elevation to the Executive chair, was
one of intense interest to tl.e people of the United States.
Muny of the abuses had crept into the administration ol the
government, which Mr. Jeffers-n had predicted would al
ways be the result of a latitudinarian construction oi the
Federal Constitution. To correct these, was a labor, as
delicate, ns it was arduous. Was Andrew Jackson the
man for the crisis? This was the question whose solatt m
was to he detenu ned by experiment. The people had de
eided at the ball, t l.ox. that lie was, and unquestionably that
decs! in was predicated mainly upon tlieir admiration of his
military services. He had not distinguished himself as a
statesman accomplished in the refinements of political sci
ence. But it was known that liis heart was in the right
place; that he was dev tfd to his country and unequivocally
identified with the Republican school. Of this, his past
life furnished plenary evidence, lie had exhibited it, in
the enlarged freedom which he advocated in the Conven
tion which formed the constitution of Tennessee, in the or
ganization of tlie territorial government of Florida, in the
reasons which lie assigned, for declining the appointment ol
minister to the Court of Iiurbide,* and in the position
which he always occupied iu the ranks of the Republican
party, on all gieat questions, involving the characteristic
differences of principle between tliein and tbe federalists.
And in addition to tiiis, lie bad shown, in bis military car
eer, mind and energy equal to any emergency. The re
sult has proven that tlie decision of the people was not er
roneous. and that their confidence was not misplared. His
administration will constitute the brightest chbpler of bis
public life, and au era in the annaisofour government, as
remarkable forthebei efils which it conferred upontbecoun
try, as for the bitterness with which it was assailed and
denounced.
Of the particular measures of his administration, it docs
not become me to speak, inasmuch as many of them were,
aud continue to be, the subjects of party discussmns. Let
the feelings of gratitude and reverence with which we ail
gather round the tomb of the departed patriot be undis
turbed by any remark which may kindle the sleeping em
bers of political strife. HU t.istorian will do bint ample
justice, if be lias committed errors, posteriiy—whose de
cisions will be impartial—must correct them. But I may
consistently with the proprieties of the occasion, say. that
lie presided over the federal Government for eight years;
that his policy underwent the closest, severest, most unspar
ing and able auiuiadversion and scrutiny; that it pissed
through the fiery nr-lcal, and was sustained by as Urge a
majority of the people as have ever rallied to tbe support
of any adin uistratinu save Washington’s; tliat that majority
believed, at least, that It was republican, aud in accordance
whli tke f.’imsiitciion; that liis policy lias since been twice
approved by the people, in Hie elecliolfut two sinirsioe,,
to the office of Chief SIag : strnte. both bis bosom friends,
and pledged to adhere to and carry out that policy; and
that right or wiong, all parties io the midst of heated con
test. awarded to him purity of patriotism and honesty of
purpose. And, perhaps ns a Georgian, I may venture the
opinion without offence, that tlie steadiness w ith which he
addressed himself tn the extinguishment uf the Indian title
lo land, and the uprightness with which he siond by her. in
the maintenance tfhe' sovereignty within her territorial lim
its, raise in behalf ufltis memory, peculiar claims upon the
gratitude of our beloved State. Nor can it be au unplea
sant reminiscence, that the public debt was extinguished
during liis administration.
Of liis firmness of resolution, r.f bis consistent adherence
to bis avowed policy, of bis fidelity to bis »> edges to the
couutry, nf liis disregard tn the effect of his measures upon
his own popularity, it is right tn speak. For these are the
elements which entered into the constitution of his nature
lie could not hare been true to himself, or to tlie liig.. im
pulses which God gave him. if, after having periled all
upon them, even life itself, inbhe bauIeCvld, he had not ex
hibited them in the cabinet. These traits are written in
capitals upon the very front of his administration. The
philippics uf party denunciation c»u!d never drive him from
his position Firm as a rock tu the irmpe.-t wrought ocean
he stood and the waves wete dashed into spray as they
come irt contact wit’s his granite resolves. Nor could he
be intimidated by tlie faltering of bis friends. It was vain
to wb -iper iu bis ear, the fear of rendering his admi.tistra-
lion unpopular, or suggest the dread of heavy responsibility.
•/ assume the resp-sasibilify,' struck them with speechless
silence. There is moral sublimity io thu steadiness uf
nerve with which he penned his vetoes, the coolness and
Calmness w th which he looked upon the gathering storm
of nullification, and with potent voice prt claimed, 'the
Union must and shall be preserved,' and iti the giant
muscularity with which he planted his iron heel upon the
Bank, ll was like the licad of the Behemoth upon the
cringing worm.
The singleness of his devotion to the Union of the Stales
is a prominent feature of his administration. He was a
close observer of the growth of our Republic front its in-
fanry. He knew of the agonising throes of that greut -oliti-
cal convulsion which cave it birth; what millions oftreasures,'
and what sacrifices of the best blood of Ireeinen it rest; and
that it was the result of the most disinterested patriotism,
the most enlightened wisdom nmi the most magnanimous
compromises, that history records. In his very soul, lie
believed t ieexister.ee of our liberty, to be suspended upon
the perpetuation of our Union. This feeling animated all
liis public messages, and seemed to lie at the foundation of
his whole system of domestic policy. And iu his last par
ting words to his countrymen, when ahoutto bid adue to
publicserrice, he re leiated the noble legacy bequeathed
us. by the Foili-r of his Country, 'If,' said he. ‘the Union
is once severed, the line separation will grow wider and
wider, and the controversies which are now debated ami
settled in the halls of Legislation, will then beiried in tho
fields of bottle and determined by the sword.’ * * *
•In the Union of these States there is a sure foundation
for the brightest hopes of freedom and for tli« happiness of the
people. At every hazard and by every sacrifice, this Union
must he preserved." Noble sentiments! Let them be
taught to our children as we teach them the precepts of the
Christian Religion. Let them be inscribed in letters of
gold on every politician's banner.
His slate papers a>e all remarkable documents. Remar
kable for tlie intimate acquaintance which they exhibit with
the workings of our political system, in all it* extensive and
complicated ramifications. Remar kable for the perspicuity
of tlieir style, the vigor of tlieir thoughts, ami the logical
power of tlieir arguments. Remarkable for the lofty strain
of patriotism which animates them, and the purity of mor
al semiinenl which pervades them. Remarkable fur tlieir
independence; their rank avowals of principles and policy,
their freedom from deutugogueism, anj Loin all effort lo
pander lo ihe passious of the populace. An administration
characterised by such qualihca'iniis ui its hc-d, could not
l'ui 1 to impress itself upon thu American people. It secu
red lb err confidence, and inspired them every where with
affection aud veueralieu fur their own republican iitslitu
lions.
In the management of our foreign relations, no adminis
tration har ever been more successful; none ucne lias dune
more ft adjust unsettled questions with other governments,
to increase our commercial connexions,and to gain for the
United States the respect of ail nations. He commenced
with a determination ’to ask iiolhiug ihal was not clearly
right, and to submit to nothing tliat was wrong.’—a most
sound rule of action either fur individuals or governments.
By bis inflexible adherence toil, together with the firm,.el
respectful dnd pacific lone with winch he insisted mmu the
rights nf our government, he procured for the United Stales
most valuable benefits. He restored the trade of ihe West
Indies, opened a free passage t» and from the Black sea,
and placed our commerce with 'forked on tlie same fooling
wile tlie most favored nations, -fie obtained indemnities
with Sweeden, Denmark, Brazil aud the two Sciiics for
spoliations on our cuiumerre. Am after twenty years de
lay, and after she had thrown hers-lf upon her oil coded d’g-
oity. and sought to extort a humiliating acknowledgment
fruin our government. France was forced by his firmness
ply with the solemn stipulations of her treaty, and
nfcli she long acknowledged to be due
for her unjustifiable aggressions upon
pay llic indemnity v
to the Uni’ed ditties
our naval trade.
That Gen. Jacksn
to admit:—to sav lie
may have erred, it is due to candor
it hi
marked
ament a
not would be to assert tin
not human. Bat his administration is tieveidisk’s
by consmuat? ability and throws nr.ouml our got*
lustrecfwltich posterity will hejiistly proud.
* He said that the ‘appearance of an American envoy,
with credentials to thetyran* Iiurbide. might aitl liiiii in ri
veting the chains of desputijth upon acuuidry which of right
ought in hu free.’
f I’tV. Jackson’s farewell address.
form tlieir opinions. The scinti lations of his genions were
so luminous, that liis mind never moved in die dark. liis
temperament was so saoguir?. aud his impulse sa honest
that a shadow of doubt, ns to the correctness of bis conclu
sions scarcely ever passed over bis mind. His will was so
virtuous, so indefatigable, so unyielding, sc indomitable,
so intensely bent up >n tbe success, dint it imparted a kind of
omnipotence to bis energies To these extraordinary en
dowments. be added the moral courage, to comune with
truth wherever she led him. and to dare to do right, regard
less of all eonsrquenres. He was candid, sincere, vatm-
I.carted, truthful. None could associaie with him and not
feel an instinctive consciousness of the majesty of his pies
race. It beamed from his animated eye; it burned upon
his insp red lips; and ere you were aware ofit. you found
yourself carried away, sympathising whh tne magic sua
sion of liis earn rstness, and yielding assent to liis opinions
and conclusions
Some have thought his control over men was ti e result
of a tyrannical and despotic nature This might be true,
if liis influence had been limited to the government of the
ignorant, lit* weak and t':e helpless. But it extended over
men of high intelligence, and the incumbents of official sln-
lion,who would have scorned the dictator's sceptre And
besides,lie was no tyrant, no despot in his feelings. Where
can you point to an instance of his oppressing the weak, or
lo:ding it over the defenceless? II this bad been Ids t.a
lure, think you lie would have bowed so submissively to
the weak and imbecile Judge, who punished liiin for an ol.
leged contempt of his authority, when ut liis beck, tlie pop
ulace was ready to tear liis honor in pieces? Think you,
l.e would have exhorted them to order, silence, and acqui
escence? Think you his interview wiih Wellierford. (to
which allusion has been made,) would have resulted in so
remarkable a display of humanity aud generosity ? No,
fellow citizens, be was no tyrant. He was too magnani
mously brave, and bis heart was too full of generous sen
sibilities. His sway over men sprang from no such attri-
' bute of bis nature. It was tbe influence of a great tnind
over smaller, attracted by a law of gravitation, whose ex
istence in the moral world, is ns palpable as that in nature,
which preserves harmony in the vast mechanism of the So
lar System. To come in contact with him in the moment
of auimated discussion,or when greut measures were tn be
speedily devise 1 for tlie execution of important designs,
was to coine within the sphere of an influence as potent as.
enchantment.
And whence liis utiooundcd sway over the American
mind, and his strong hold upon the implicit confidence of
the great mass of the people ? It. some degree, veneration
and devotion which clustered about Andrew Jackson, had
their foundation iu a feeling far more fundamental. The
great political sentiment which pervades the mass of the
American mind, is lie publican ism; Republicanism as con-
ti aJisiinguished from every other lorm of government; Re
publicanism as it looks lo the social and political equality
of every freeman, lo a just distribution of the burdens aim
blessings of Government, to tbe protection of the w eak
against the strong, and the shielding the laboring -nd pin-
during classes from the exuctiona which associate’ll w ealth
au 1 privileged monopolies are proue tu extort from the
fruits of their toil; Republicanism which unfe ters indus
try, capital, enterprise, commerce, couscience. tniud. This
is the Republican smuf America. General Jackmn was
the eiftliodiiuent. tlie personification—aye, the incarnation
of this all-pcrvadlii" sentiment which fills the tnindsof [he
frcemenol this land. He felt itin his very bones; for they
rejected the pomp of an imperial burial. “ 1 caom t,” said
lie. “permit my remains to be the first in these United States
to be dejmsited in a sarcophagus made for an emperor nr
king.” This is what eiuhrouevl him in tlie hearts cl his
eisuuliyil.etl.
-Fellow’ litUaN*, wo cannot appreciate the labors aud ser
vices of tiiis great man. Ho was the representative of two
co t >ries—he linked them both together by liis unceasing
toil for os. Ob! what linrdsb y lie endured what labor
lie performed, what sacrifices he made of personal ease
and comfort! Isay again we cannot appreciate them.—
They transpired amid the rugged scenes of Irnntier life,
and in the days when a great part of our couulry was a
wilderness, traversed only by the Indian in pursuit of the
bounding tleer. But those days have flown, and carried
vviih them the tomahawk and scalping knife; and left be
hind them tlie blessings uf well organised society, the re
fit etnriit* of civilization, and the sweets ol’ domestic peace
and security. In tlie prov’dence of God, Jackson was ihe
instrument of invaluable blessings tu us, to posterity, and
to the wor d. Whilst we comineuinrate ihe virtues of the
departed patriot, let our hearts swell with emotions of sin-
cent giatitude to the Giver of all good.
We approach that period when liis public career termi-
n ued. Now lie descends from the toppling heights uf po
litical life; and his farewell counsels and benedictions are
responded toby tiie grateful plaudits of an admiring nation.
Hitherto we have seen nim the master spirit in the storm
of battle, or guiding the ship of stale over the angry billows
ol political strife. Hitherto we have contemplated iheucean
tossed and fretted by the howling winds; now, we are to
gaze upon it alter the winds have retired, and its glassy
sjrlace mirrors forth the beamy of the azure Heaven.—
Now we can surrey its pearly depths, and look into iis
pure transparent waters. What a magnificently glorious
retirement! What mellow sunshine succeeds the storm!
Aiexundei pushed his conquests over the then known
wurlJ, and succeeding ages are amazed at his desolating
career. But in retirement, with ambition unsatisfied, he
w ept because there were not other worlds to conquer, lie
Tougin for glory and conquest, regardless of humauity and
the weal ol his kind. With him, the past was populated
with specties which haunted his couch, and in the future
hetcould see no mure blood to drink. For power of intel
lect and bri liancy of genius, Napoleon had few superiors.
As a general he shook Europe wiili Ida -victories, and the
world trembled at the mention of his name. Yet he ended
his days on t! e desolate Island of tit. Helena, brooding in
sadness over his disappointed ambition and prostrate hopes.
Not so with Andrew Jackson. Everything around him
only reminded him of the good he had done. The feilile
West with her teeming population, hailed him as the hero
that hud defended her from British invasion and savage
cruelly, liis adopted stale cherished him as one of the
fathers ol her admirable Constitution. The Union vener
ated h in us its savior. Civilized man contemplated him
as one ol the liublest specimens of humanity ; and the rep
resentatives of foreign thrones did him-homage. With
him the past was crowded with the lichen remiuiscencea
of Ins activity and usefulness; the present aflurded the
sublime view of n “great people prosperous and happy in
t e lull enjoyment of liberty, nnd respected by every na
tion nf the world ;"t and the future kindled into cxlatic
visions of the progressive glory of liis country, destined to
embrace within her boundary the Western verge, where
the Pacific wavy dances in the beams of the selling suu.
, To the Hermitage lie repairs—the seal uf lender associa
tions, the hallowed resting place of the remains of his de
parted companion. The energies of his frame are worn
down with public toil. He requires rest; but rest cannot
bring back the vigor and strength of manhood's prime, or
stay the sieuiiliy march of disease, which has invaded his
constitution. But he is mighty still. His great intellect
unimpaired, gluwa and brightens amid die decay of the fal
ling temple tliat enshrines it. His lull gus! ing heart, pro
lific ps ever m generous and warm eitmtii us, sends out its
fervid aspirations fur the prosperity of his country, and the
perpetuity of her liberties, communes as freely and sym
paihises us luudlyr wiih valued friends, and responds as
promptly to the claims of charity and the rites of hospitali
ty. lie kept up his intercourse with the leading men of
the country and interested himself in all that pertained to
the welfare of the government. To his mansion, ever open
to all. liis friends iroin the remotest parts of the Union,
made their pilgrimage, to enjoy liis conversation for a little
season. And in hi* reception of ihe visits of his felluw-
citizens no distinction was made—the poor, the humble,
aud ihe illiterate, were welcomed as cordially, as the weal
thy, the renowned and the learned.
In no iiiiin were ever the high attributes of greatness,
blended in more beauteous harmony, with the gentler
qualities of the heart, which shed iliei r radiance over the
family hearth. It is loo often the case that men. who have
devoted themselves to public life, lose all their relish fur
the quiet scenes and sweet endearments of liotne. The ap
petite lor excitement becomes diseased, nn i in its fevered
actum consumes Lite soft susceptibilities of the heart, which
flourish beat within the precincts of the domestic circle.—
Not to w. Ill General Jackson. Nature lined liim for the
highest and most absorbing pursuits of tlie wnrrior ar.d the
statesman, nnd yet lie was gentle and kind and affectionate
in all the relationships o|. private life ;—remarkable for the
unatlecieu simplicity of his.manners an I the paternal 6ua-
aWeness of his social intercourse. Like Osjinn's descrip
tion ol a hero. if-“ in war he was the mountain storm, in
peace he was the gale of spring.” The highest evidence of
the amiability and re idleness of bis heart, was the unabated
devotion with which,, to tlie day of hit death, he chenshed
the memory of his wife. He wore her miniature about his
person, and always spoke of her with the subdued tender
ness of fulling tears. The anticipation of resting by her
side in tlie grave, seemed to mb death of its terrors; the
hope of being re united to her in Heaven, se» med to quick
en aud ummnie his devotions Having no relations of If*
own, with the constancy of faithful Huth, he made his wife g
people his people, and her God his God ; and where si e
died, lie would die nnd there he buried. He adopted them
to his b ilium, conferred upon them his name, and bestowed
upon them the solicitude aud care of a father’s fondness.
Now disengaged from the distracting cares of public life,
memory makes its pilgrimage to his mother’s grave. Ami
oh! the many softening and subd ’
w ake to life from the tomb of by-gone days. Her affection,
\ er prayers, her lessons of piety—these come up before
him. as "fresh and vivid, as when in life’s joung morning,
they fell waiin from the lips of maternal fondness. The
rugged scenes of life have not blunted the keen sensibili-
tieaof h:s tender heart. That faith in the Bible, in God,
in Providence, in the retributions of Eternity, which was
olanted nhisbrea-t by a mother’s hand, .though it may
hot have germinated into the fruits of practicekpiety. has
remained with him, through all the vicissitudes of his
checkered pilgrimage, and now vivified by the Spirit’s
breath, it IcodiThim to the Cross of Calvary. You see yon
edifice embowered in trees, so humble and unostentations
in its appearance as scarcely to am act die notice of the
passing travel.er ? It is the Hermitage Chapel, which lias
been reared in part, by the munificence of the venerable
tenant of that rural retreat. And now it is the holy Sab
bath morning, rendered more i-harming, by '.he brightness
of nature’s beauty and tbe harmony of nature’s minstrelsy.
The people have assembled to woiship the Most High ; tlie
n an of God has delivered his message of love and warn
ing ; die hour of sa^rnmetPal* communion lias arrived;
amid the swelling melody of Heavenly music, the saints
are gathering ’round the banquet table of a Saviour’s love.
And lo ! what manly form is that peering above the solemn
throng ? Mark hisVdver lucks, his tottering trend, die tear
that steals down his furro-«ed cheek ! It is Andrew Jack-
soil. The victor of many a hard-fought battle field, the »-e
tired ruler «»f a nation of freemen, and the master spirit of
the most thrilling scenes of earthly turmoil ! He enlists
now ns a private soldier in the army of the Lord, and with
the docility of a little child, he takes his seat at the feet of
Jesus.
Andrew-Jackson was never truly great till then ; for, in
t* e language of Dr. Young,
4 *A Christian is the highest style of man.”
Henceforth until death, he acknowledged his dependence
on God nnd his belief of tlie reality of the religion of the
Bib’e. And faithful to the innate impulses of bis character
he lived consistently with bis professions and with apostolic
boldness proclaimed them to the world. He felt tl.e power
of the Christian’s faith, and enjoyed '.lie consolations of that,
hope which it inspires. Every Sabbath, when his health
w-ould a!l*»w, found him in the sanctuary, and the domestic
altar burned daily with the incense of family devotion.
The longer he 'lived and the more closely he observed
the workings of our political system, the more forcibly did
lie feel the truth of what h »always acknowledged, that pop
ular intelligence and public Virtue are the two great pillars
on which our fabric of government stated*. To be capable
of self government, the people must he enlightened to know
h«»w to govern—they must be virtuous, to give tothat.know-
ledge proper direction. This intelligence and morality the
Bible furnU*-a. Therefore as a patriot he clasped it to his
bosout and said, ‘it is the bulwark nf our liberties, the an
chor of our present, and future snfetv.*’ Its wisdom ar.d
virtue a r e inculcated into the mind, with most effect in the
susceptible period of youth. And therefore he urged the
contmunticn of the Sunday School, and said he considered
“this new system, which biended the duties of religion with
those of humanity of vast importance.”
My countrymen sir 11 we deduce nothirg valuable from
the testimony of such n man as And tew Jackson, to the truth
of the Bible and the importance of Sabbath School instruc
tion? We attach weight to his political opinions, shall his
religious and moral sentiments go for nought ? No. tie-—let
them be written with the point of u diamond on the heart of
every patriot, and every Christian; and let them palsy the
tongue of infidelity with everlasting silence.
AimI now the hand of death is upon him: he feels his iron
fingers unlie^tis heart strings one by one. .His labor on
earth is done, and kind angels beckon his spirit homeward
to the skies. His household are summoned to his bedside
to receive his blessing and his last farewell. Like Jacob,
the patriarch of Israel.* “he colled all his little grand chil
dren, with the other members of his family around him; he
took his grand children by the hind, blessed and kissed
them tenderly, told them they had good parents, that they
•oust be obedient«liildren. keep holy the Sabbath day, and
read the New Testament. * * * * * * * *1 am my
God’s—I belong to Him—I go but for a short time before
you, and I want to meet you all, white and black, in Hea
ven.” So sayiogi.is body ceased from paiu—-his spirit res
ted with Jesus
“How our hearts burn within os at the scene!
Whence this brave bound o’er limits fix’d to man?
HisGr*l sustains him in Lis final hoar?
His final hour brings glory to his God!
Man’s glory Heaven vouchsafes to call her own.
Wc gaze, we weep!—mix’d tears of grief, ofjoy !
Amazement strikes! devotion hurststo flame!
Christians* adore, aud Ivjidels? ItHste.’ 9
•It cannot fail tn interest die Bible reader to compare the
last moments of the Patriarch of the Hermitage. w*ith those
of Jacob, the patriarch of Israel.— Vid. GeLeris, Ch. xlviii
TELEGRAPH & REPU3 1 ID.
CS33 ^
Tuesday, August 5, 181.5.
FOR GOVERNOR.
ItS. BALL nclLLlSTEH,
Of Chalkuin,
For Sinaiur if the 20th Disiri-/,
A. HI. CUAPPEXA.
Ut’ Bum.
r 5’iiu .\e\( Lcs.slaUsrc.
Today Hie d< It "atfs from liic several cap
tain’s ti stik ls in ti.is couti’y, m et fur tliu pur
pose of nominating two candidates for the rep
resentative branch of the next Legislature.—
We know nut how ii is with otheis, but as for
ourself, the subject uever ieturns lo our mi. d
without an incr- asing conviction of its u. par
al eied importance. To ihe R publican party
of Georgia, as well as to ihe Slate m large, th -
complexion of It e next Legislature, in aev \ iew
ihat can bu tuk.-n of it, is a qjustion of the
gieutest magnitude, and if one whose humble
fortunes have been cast with tlie destinies of
lur people, whatever they may be, is perm tied
t'» speak, we would rrspectfellv urge upon our
friends, not only in J3ibb, but in eveiy other
county in tlie S:ate, lo put in nomination your
strongest and most capao'e men. Let tlie en
quiry be made, who these are? who can carry
us safest through tills crisis ? who will reflect
the most hono - upon liis Stale and party ? who
will most tilth defend the sacred principles of
the ni.e, or be rnosi zealous in promoting tlie
pruspeiity and welfare of tl.e other—and let
such men alone be chosen.
The republican states of antiquity live only
in the history of their leticrs and the glotious
records of their arts and arms. The descend
ants of Tlicmistocles, of l'diltiades, of Aristides,
of Pla'o and Leonidas,
*' Wield the slavish sickle, not the sword.”
And while we are one of those who have the
most undoubling confidence in the capacity of
man lo govern himself, nnd of the affections of
tlie people for the institutions they have estab.
lished, we arc of tliat number who believe that
public 1 berty cannot long be preserved under
any forms where the standards "f public men are
not high, or the incentives of an honest pat
riotism have ceased to ii fiuence the public mind
in tlie select ion of their lawgivers. From the
complicated nature of our sjstem ami the re-
lahoti of the Federal and State governments,
to preserve the independence of tbe one, and lo
ckcek ihe encroachments of the other—to,keep
each in its proper track—no systems, either an
cient or modern, ever required more enlight
enment on ihe part of chose who are intrusted
with thoirdirection than ours. While,therefore,
as Republicans, we have a deep and abiding
iutorcsl in the influence which our next Legts-
ture will exert upon the important federal mea
sures which are still open and unsettled,, as
Georgians, let us remembet with the Greek of
old, that we have “Sparta.” Let us adorn
that.
Attention Dch% r alcs!
The Delegates appointed by the Democrat
ic parly of Ihhb, to nominate suitable candi
dates for the House of Representatives, win
meet at the Conn House in this city, at 3
o’clock this evening. Punctual attendance of
” ■' ' T ' •’ -rales is requested.
STATE GOVERNMENT.
In onr last, we shewed the course rf . i
Lcgis'ature of 1840, by which the cinj !|
of the Central Bank was most ut justi(i a n
creased. Tiie influence of that p, c „j |' '
was most unfortunate. The notes of i| 1( . g*
fiont lit a t moment, began io depiec ae °
it will he seen by referring to ihe J ;
counts, published in the Constitution^: '
which we alluded, in a former number
1841, they went as low as 19 perceir*
1842, even before Mr. Crawford’s sup-^*
• lal report, on which w.e may hereafter ‘S'
they ranged as low, for a short time us f-^
to 33 per ccnt.^ Another consequent (I*
i neon aider a! e policy, wus to expose ths(jJ
Bank to heavy losses. Iis notes were at,.,
count, and iliev could not be used to pay;:'
terest of the foreign public debt, IUrj,!
either to purchase checks or d scount <]r‘”
New York. In either case iis own no‘ ei „
! be usr d, and if checks were to be pord
tlie Bank was at the mercy of the bruU.-
! diafts were to be discounted, it haj f ,
' to lake such as were not in credit eW !
1 for men of unquestioned credit and p' Jrc .
ty, could do better than take depreciate I
' per for their drafts. Hence the prubsklj]
| cons derable losses lo tbe Bank on thbeh.
I paper. The Message of-Gnvemor Mth,
to the Legislature in 1841, shews ilm;,
to the amount of 8189,000 had been ro
under protest, and that the circulation hip.
increased that year to answer the re^y
of the Legislature, and lo pay the public
81,011,734 02. The debt to the
nix Bank wes tiiis year paid, and the oc]r$t
debt ever pretestrd ns we believe was -
gushed. The Slate was lhcn disenthrall
far as present liabilities were concerned,;
credit would have been regenerated aii
deemed, but for tho infamous cflursef ^
job! ers, aided by partisans and partisan*:
to depress it; the one with the hope of;
cal and the other of pecuniary gain. ]f
notes of the Centra! Bank, issueu to n«
means of paying ihe debt to thn Plcdil
in New York, and to meet the heavy £
made upon :t by the Legis'aturc of 1610,
mauds growing out of wnig ditidcatkw
whig measures, had never oern p ti.icr;
tion, their progress to par value ' Cer tbe
January 1841,’.would have been irresis:: |
In November aud December of tbaiwu
Treasury vras strengthened by then
the lax, aud a few hundred 'Itousani <t
not exceeding four, if our memory serr-j
would have covered the entire circuit:
That the Bank sustained itself as well atj
under th**se untoward circumstances,
ed as it was in ihe meantime by the ur
enmity of the Banks of Augurfa ai.dSit;
is a matter of astonishment to us. It •&.
ing ill’s session tliat an attempt was a
reduce the tuxes, and an act f r t> atH
waspasAXl by bmti Houses ofiheGc
scmbly, anJ transmitted to lBe Govtra
liis approval. It seems to have riaciel
too late a i hour of the s ’fsitHl to be
With ids objections to ;t I efore ihe adjoun
Ti e same' L g-aLiure hud enacted ilwiu
t‘ re t of the | eh io debt should be paiJi
Central Bank, now scarcely aide tiff
under the weight that Of pressed it T
pears to have been adnpii d us a petrosi
sure of policy, for die interest was nw
be paid no: only duri g tliat year, ks
otherwise, ordtrctl. Tlie Governor scee
misc.nevous len iency of mis i npohifc i
lalton, arrested the evil and comar
i easor.s io die next General Assembly,
exuact ttiun fruin the Jet-nul ottlicS- 1 !
1812, page 55.
“ It is with extreme lehictance, dill
from t.n act of the Legislature, so ss io
•ts becoming a law, which has for it<w.'
regulation of the amount of revenue tok
from the people. Nothing but a most
live sense of duly, Could induce it
now a permanent tax law not requainf
al from year to year. The act unJet c ’ <
ration proproses to reduce-the taxes ftt* 1
be raised by that law, twenty pirCJ® 1
the supposition that tlwy are not re?-*
the exigences of government. Tte*
is doubtless based upon the opinio*****!
mitteeon Finance, that the amountof* i! |
nuc arising under the law fiom ordwj
ces, exceeds the amount required d
expenditures of the government * r 'j
centum. It w 11 be found upon in'-ij
that the amount of es'imated recap 31 ]
Treasury, ftom such sources, is gy
rated, and that tiie actual receipt*
reach the estimate by fifty thousand
mure. If the error had been deiecit-
led to this over estimate, I ant c° r 1
presume, that a i eduction would w>*^
made, which most leave the govcR®^
out the necessary means to sustains ••
meet its indispensable engagemeutt
° c hJ ll
Again, tho committee recoiiim^ *
act lias been passed accordingly! t “ i ’ ,
rest on the public d-.bt should beP 4 '
Central Batik, instead of die rre*S ,l ?J
condition of tlie Central Bank, does -
the btlieUIiat this can be a per® J * ie '
tion. It must be relieved front
quisition, or iis notes must depr , - <>
- i
become at greater tax upon *»>* r T
twenty per ccctum, on tlie omoun - I
In every view of the case then, 1 ain ^ I
u conclusion different from d u,[ 1J 1
committee has arrived, both * Iire ®|J
amount of the revenue expect*^ w _ I
under the law, and liic propriety L j
on the Central Bank permanent j’i I
of paying tbe interest or. tne p u ‘j ^ , |
lieving that die amount of i"’* 63
die act of 1S40, are absolutely ^’9; '
port the Government, «nd ^
.expenditures, I fuel bound to Wl1 I
sent.”
Th’s exercise c-f the Execu tl ' c P |