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From Ike Federal Union- GOV CRAWFORD’S INVESTIGATING COMMITTEE. Il will be remembered, that a few weeks av». “ Committee was here, at the rail of his Excellency, to investigate fully, the affairs of the Central Bank. What has that committee done? Why aro not the people informed of the condition o( the Institution, into who.se op erations they were commissioned to examine? The Whig party expect to elect Mr. Crawford, by trumpeting his praises, for having, as they assert, resuscitated the credit of the Centraj Dank. They say, his skilful financiering has appreciated its bdls to par vulu*. Aro the people to take these statements upon credit, or, to use Whig parlance, nre they to receive them as true, “with, a generous confidence.!"— There has 1>**cd no session of the Legislature, since their adjournment in December, 1813, to acrutini-io the official conduct of ins Excel lency. \Y e should like to know whence the' Whig press derive their facts, on winch tlit y ■ hasc their assertion) of hi* talismauic ski.l tit finance and Banking? Wid they point to the isolated fact, that Central Bank hills are now at par, and that they shortly rose to that point af ter the election of his Excellency 1 They know full well that the bills of that institution were rapidly appreciating at the time of Gov ernor Crawford’s election, under the whole some operation of the Legislation of 1842. It is a non sequiter, to siy, that because the hilts of the Central Bank rose to par under Mr. Crawford’s administration, ergo, it is to be as cribed to his wisdom aid ability. We ask again, xvhat hus his Excellency done which was not directed by previous legislation? So far as facts are presented to the people, there is no ground for the extravagant boastings of th'i Whig press, over their nominee. in the absence of an intervening session of the Legislature, tho Governor was authorised to appoint committees, to examine into the fi nancial condition of the State, and to investi gate the nfliiirs of the Central Bank. The former of ihcso committees lias made its re port—ths latter met, commenced their duties mid adjourned until about the first of October, that is to say, untilaftert/ic'clection. Why? If Mr. Crawford, has in truth, exhibited such as tonishing wisdom in the management of that institution, why has not his investigating com mittee published the facts, on xvhich the Whig prc’3 rest ITs claims upon the confidence and suffrage of the people ? A majority of that committee are Whigs, who fee I a deep interest , in his re-election. If there be facts connected with his conduct of the Central Bank, which would justify the swollen encomiums tlint nre heaped upon his Excellency, tins keen sighted committee would surely have discovered them. Then why not divulge them to the people?— In reply to enquiries, similar to these, we have heard it stated that there were large amounts in the hands of attorneys for collection, on account of the Bank—that a full report could not be made xvithout a statement from those .attorneys, of the condition of the claims in their hands; and that the committee adjourned to allow time for such statements to bo forwarded to the Cashier. This is a satisfactory reason for not reporting/«//y; but it is no reason for xvithhol- ding from the people, information of the condi. tion of the Bank, as far as the committee had prosecuted their labors,—much less does it jus tify an adjournment until after the election.— There was ample t'roe to have met at a much earlier day, and to have made a full report, so the people might act advisedly upon the merits of his Excellency’s financial skill. We make these remarks, not to arraign and censure the committee. We recognise their riofl't to :•= run extent to do as they have done. But, from this state of facts, we think the inference very clear and forcible, that the committee found nothing in the conduct of the Executive, worthy of commendation—and nothing which could cast censure upon the Democratic party. That committee was in session some ten or twelve days, perhaps longer; if it had discover ed much, aye, any thing which would reflect credit upon “ the powers that be,” it would have been blazoned forth with all “the pomp and circumstance” of Whig boasting. And if they had detected any thing reproachful to the Democratic party, there would scarcely have lieen found room enough in all the Whig sheets in the State, to have contained their vindictive enchinntions. . Georgians, there is eloquence in the silence of that committee, which warns you not to receive as true, the assertions of the Whig press, unsustained by undeniable cvi. dence. ’ mighty source; in imagination to s'und by the ! sacred fountain, at which Demosthenes slaked his thirst; pilgrims like Tally, to tho same consecrated spot, ourselves to quaff its pure and limpid waters, and then to mark their continu ous flow, more or less clear or turpid, adown the stream of intervening ages. It would be pleasant if our time, and the oc casion prompted even n brief consideration of this interesting tlicma; however hurried, of the ... «.u- «r « c r irin .s I*. Jr iVgL’ftBi'JSSS^rSStS3TSS art of Oratory. You would recognize in it, not indeed tne sword of the spirit, but, though an earthly weapon, nevertheless one tempered above, and vouchsafed to man by the bemfi- cence of his Creator, to vindicate tho grent truths of government, of morals, and of reli gion. i From the Augusta Constitutionalist. GOV. CRAWFORD AND Tilt! HOOK. SCHOOL FUND. ‘•I have seen n notice tlint the present adinini.,tratioo 1ms J issued an order to pay off during the mouth of September i next, the debts due the teachers Qt the PoorJChihlren, which l were contracted in 1842 and 1313. These debts ought to liave been paid by tbe last administration, as under it they were made. We shall see how much it will be paid; and il is hoped that tuy teaching brethren wilt receire fullcpm* pensation for their laborious duties, after two or llireo years* trust- SCHOOL MASTER-* The shore is the last paragraph in the communication of TELEGRAPH & REPUBLIC. Tuesday, August 10, 1845. Crawford will il*ank the Writer for pforinp too muchovyox ; is a matter ibut I leave thejlaltcrr.r ami flattered to deter i mine ibemselves. Gov. Crawford will have been in cftico ; '’September next,” twenty luc months! . And Gov.^Craw- j ford’s benevoleuce for PoorSchdol teachers wilj^pvince it* eslf twenty-two months after bis election? This will be a very commendable act on the part of G«v! .Crawford, nndr just before the Governor's clection x will doubtless contri buted to obtain for him a few votes. Is time the policy?— a • • i Can there be any other? If* the debts due to ’the teachers A more vtvi.l .conception of its use would be of Poor Sehoob 7 were just> why were Uwyyooi paid long * JUDGE BERRIEN'S ADDRESS AT FRANKLIN COLLEGE. Below we give our readers llte beautiful address made by Judge Berrien to the com petitors of the Sophomore class in Franklin College for tho prize in Oratory: Mr Young Friends : The struggle for pre-eminence in the noble art of Oratory, in which you have been recent ly engaged, was full of interest. I atn quite co. fidunt I do but express a sentiment which was common to all who witnessed it, xvhen I assure you of iIig very high gratification it af forded us. It remains for me, in compliance with tho wishes of my associates, to announce to yi.il the judgement which they have felt il to he th*T duly to render. I have accepted this office, ns you will readily believe, with a niin- g’otl feeling of pleasure and of reluctance ;— of pleasure, because it awakens recollections on which it is agreeable to dwell;—of reluc- uqco, from the unwelcome task of discrimina tion which it imposes. It is pleasant to behold the intellectual strug gle, the active, vigorous collision of young and g ftod minds. The freshness and vivacity of y >uth, impart a superadded and pccuhar charm to this mental strife. But its crowu ng excel lence is exhibited when it is regulated liy the influences of a chastened ambition, and con ducted in a spirit of generous rivalry; when brother meets brother in frfendly conflict, with the ardor and generosity of the knightly tour nament. The intellectual struggles of ntan- liool, whatever their arena, whether in the tri- bun.its of justice, in the hulls of legislation, or in the assemblies of the people, borrowing strength from the pressing interest of the oc- (usjoi)l xvhich prompt them, arc calculated to oxciio graver, often it may h* t stronger and loftier emotions. Still, they fail to impart the pure and gentle pleasure, with which wo con template the rivalry of the young, era yet the scorpion sting of the passions has been felt in their bosoms, with which we behold the out ward manifestation of that inward and buoyant spii it, that beams from the sparkling eye, throbs in the swelling bospm, trembles on the uplifted Inn ), and agitates the universal frame of the .y outfit I aspirant, as in grave or guy, orimpas- » onej tones, it gives utterance to ins thoughts, and expression to his feelings. It i* pleasant too, to contemplate in all i*s vnriej excellence, the noble an, to which you arc devoting your youthful energies; through ’-he ijag backward of time, to ascent to its obtained by* consul-ring the appropriate sphere of its exercise. Undoubtedly its highest ex- rel’ence is nttuineJ, where great question*, j deeply affecting the interests of u whole com- i mutiny, are habitually or frequently agitated, j Spe iking of Athenian eloquence, this position I is thus illustrated by a J.itu spirited writer. ‘Tn Athens, on incessant struggle for indepet dence, for power, or for liberty, would not fail to rouse tho genius of every citizen, to force the high est station, animate her councils w ith a holy zeal, and to afford her orators all that, accord ing to the profoundest xvriters of antiquity, xvas necessary to thesublimest strains of eloquence. Magna eloquentia, sinutfiamtna materia alibur, a modbus ezeilatur, urendo clarescit." But il is nut only amid the tumult and excite ment which spring from “ great convulsions in public affairs,” that true eloquence exists. It flourishes also under the mild and gentle reign of peace, “ as the protectress of liberty, as as patroness of improvement,” as the watch ful guardian of all the varied blessings xvhich Providence bestows upon man. Pascis comes, oliique socia cl jam bene constitutitutce rcipnb- licoe, alumna cloqucntia. It is only, indeed, in free gox’crnments, that eloquence can exist in its utmost x*igor, for there alone can it exert its whole magic poxver. Yet, even there you xvould realize its tenden cy to abuse, when in tho heat and excitement of party conflict, under the banner of each con tending party you saw the professed champi on of truth und freedom, profaning h:s high function, stooping to the ignoble office of the demagogue, striving to mislead xvhere it was his privilege, and therefore his duty to instruct, casting from him the armour of celestial temper, with xvhich lie had been clothed, to display in its stead, the bravado of the braggot, or the trickery of the juggler. With this lofty but just conception of the use, and thus admonished of the tendency to abuse of this noble art, if you turn to contem plate the means by which it is acquired, you xvould naturally look to the illustrious models of antiquity for guidance and instruction. It is a beautiful compliment to the Bard of Avon, in xvhich a later poet represents him as lament ing his ignorance of the ancic-nt classics, and the genius and feeling of that poet are touch ingly exhibited in tbe solace xvhich ho imparts. The laniCtU and consolation are brief but ex pressive. “Eternal verdure bloom in Sini , P ear '* grove. Where led by lightfrom Heav’n, be oft would rove, In aoliiude, and .acred silence bleat. And in the mixing, of hi. mighty breast, All, as he scanned the vo'uine of the pas*. ( O’er Greece and Rome, one wishful glance would east Mourn not pleas'd nature cried, their sounds unknown. My universal language is your own.” No similar consolulion awaits the student of Rhetoric, who ncglocts the illustrious models of antiquity and contents himself xvitlt contem plating the copy of a copy, and that too a re mote anu impel tect one, xvhich is exhibited at this day, instead of kneeling devoutly, if he is permitted to do so, at the shrine of tho groat originals. Such a one, il has been tersely said is “like him xvho attempts to catch a glimpse of some beauty by her reflection in a mirror, xvhich xveakens her tints if it docs not distort her features.” These are pleasant contemplations, recollec tions on xvhich the mind lores to dwell, and naturally excited by the task xvhich is allotted to me. It is pleasant, too, to express, as 1 am authorized to do, to all and each of you, tho approbation of those xvho liax-o been selected as judges of your rhetorical efforts, but xvhere each one has acquitted himsell so xx*ell, the task of discriminating is reluctantly performed. It is ncvcrthless a duly, not assumed, but imposed, and to the best of our ability, il must be faith fully discharged. The first prize in this oratorical contest, a Gold Medal has been axvarded to Henry Hol combe Bacon, of Liberty county, Georgia. The second, a Silver Medal, valuable in it self, and rendered yet more so by the occa sion, and the motive of conferring it, has been axvarded to Lucilius Henry Briscoe, of Monroe county, Ga. I pria.-nt to you, young Gentlemen, in tho name and by the authority of my associates, these certificates, as evidence of your title to the Medals which have been awarded to you. Receive them as the merited reward of your praise xvorthy and successful efforts in the study of tho noble art of oratory. Treasure them yet more as precious testimonials of the affec tionate solicitude for your xvelfare, which is felt by your worthy and excellent instructor. Let the enlightened benevolence which prompts the donation, find a reciprocal feeling in the lively gratitude with which il is received. Wear them modestly, ns you won them nobly, always remembering that lie ahme is truly great who adds the charm of humility in the hour of tri umph, to the vigour and ability which have enabled him to achieve it. EditotinlClFnnKe* “TheiMilledgeville (Geo ) Federal Union has changed I.anils from Park & Rogeis to Co 1 , j D. C. Campbell and H. V. Johnson, E-q. It , is xvorthy of note, lln-t each of th«*se latter gen- . llcmcn xvas selected by his (elloxv-citiz ns, for the distinguished honor of <1* livt iing culogi, s upon Gen. Jackson. Tni> fact slum* the high character which they in the community, and the addresses themselves spo k volumes in favor of their tal tits and varied accomplish- meats. The Federal Un’on has nol« : y c< nti tided for i the right and bos had great i flut-nco in sustair- ! ing the power of the Democratic paity in ! Georgia—that p;.rty is noxv ftdly organized, and has strength to control the destinies of j the State. Can it be doubted that that strength ’ xvill be firmly applied to xvipe out all stain of i Wbiggery, and to banish to the shades such ; vacillating, time-serving politicians as Berric”, ’ See. 1 We have every reason to believe, that the new editors, already so xvell known to fame, will do their ivliole duty, and xve hope to con gratulate them, next faii, upon the complete E. ederapt’on of their gallant 8t.de. f llichhmntul Enquirer, flood.—A pup^r pri.ued in lUu S andwich Is lands, says that for the past year it had but one delinquent subscriber ! These heathens (?) set an exnmpla worthy the imitation of more en lightened communities. ago? XVhjT pay the ilehts of the Penitentiary, and allow fhe teachers to’ watt until thr cre of the general elections!— Can the teachers be blinded by so'stmloh nn artifice as this? Whatever amount of money be doe to this very wor thy class of our citizens, in the name of reason jet them be paid, and promptly, but let it not come in the shape of jus tice a few days before an important election. But. perhaps, it may be said, that Qov. McDonald ought*, to have paid those debts. • Let us examine this matter. I n*sert, then, that Gov. McDonald knew comparatively noth ing about the existence of those demands, and now I propose, to froce my assertion. 1 reter to the Public Laws of 1843, page 44, section 5: “The Justices of the Inlerior'Courts'of, each county, shall ascertain die amount due to teachers of poor children in their respective counties, for services ren dered in the years 1842 and 1813,” and report the same to ihe Governor. Why should those reports- be made to the Governor. If he was already in possession of them? Ifthey were not in the Executive oflirc when Gov. Crawford took bis position there,bow could Governor McDonald know any thing about them? Why call upon the Justices of the Infe-. rior Court to ascertain the amounts? Simply because noth ing was known in relation to those debts in 1813—then with j what cslor of truth or propriety, can “ School-Master”' as- I sert tlint “those debts ought to have been paid under the last I administration?” . . I now charge upon Gov. Crawford that'hd has been in le- I gal possession of the claims of those school teachers, that he proposes to pay in September, ever since the first of No vember. 1844, more than nine months ago', aiidhe lias not paid them yet! Will he with the subtlety of the lawyer, assert that ’he law did not compel him to pay them at an ear lier day? If so, I reply, dial the law did not prohibit him from paying them. Is it right that those school teachers should be compelled to wail until the election times come on befute they get llieir money? Is that another of the many beautiful specimens of whig financiering? The manner in which this contemplated distribution in September will be effected demands the atteiition of the peo ple of Georgia. How is it to be done? “The money will be paid to any person presenting a certified copy, of an* ore der of the Inferior Court authorizing such payment.”' This may be a matter that may. in some cases, be carried out in corruption snd tyranny.. I sound- the warning:, tocsin in time, anckcall upon my democratic friends throughout the State to watch with lynx-eyed vigilance the distribution of this poor school fund in September next. Let not the pu rity of the elective franchise be stained by any improper use orcontrol of this fund. It is the hard-earued reward df the teachers of poorchildrco, and its payment should in no* ease be abused. PINEY WpQDS. ' THE WHIG KILKENNY CAT FIGHT. The Georgia Journal, edited; I undeistand,' "by one of Gov. Crawford’s private secretaries, (Mnj, Stvle.l denies that the public dtbt of Georgia has increases^ under tha idniimstration of Governor Crawford. I asserted, posilur- ly, that it had. Then, it follows thst, the question of veraci ty is to be determined between us. I call, to stittim my as sertion. for the whig evidence of Colonel A. II. Kenan, and Major J. A. Meriictther, as expressed intheir Finance Re, port, in December, 1644. Here-it is: Public debt under Crawford, $1,723,138.73 “ " “ McDonald» 1,614,133 So , FOR GOVERNOR, *?I. HAIili ITIcALIsISTER, Of Cbathntu. For Senator of the 20th Distri r t y A. II. CHAPPELI, Of Bibb. - 1 • FOIt ItEPItESENTATIX-ES. 8.1.71 HEX. 71. STRONG, . JA3IES W. AR718TICONG. For tlie CumpalKii. * At the solicitation of a number of friends, tho Telegraph xvill be furnished from this time until the middle of November, to new subscri bers, on the following terms ; :For otic copy, 50 cents. For six copies, 2 50 For txvelve copies, • 5 00 During the present month tho paper xvill be .enlarged and issued on nexv type, and xvill con tain as much reading matter as any xveekly pa per published in Georgia. Increase under Crawford. $ 110,999 75 This is very disagreeable fi>r the whigs to see in print, but I could not well avoid letting them rend it. Gov. Crawford's reduction rf the public debt, is like the aid woman’s de scription of tbe masticstion and reduction of tbe mouthful of half cooked tripe, “the more she chewed,the bigger it got.” My Georgia Journal friend, aays that “last year the Pen itentiary yielded a profit to tbe btate.” 1 aJserted that it bad proved a loss to the State. I bring forwatd, again, my good whig witnesses, Messrs. Kenan and Meriwether, to sustain my assertion. Hear them: “The operations of tbe (Peaiteminry for J314) entire year, shows a loss to the State, beyond the annual apitropriaiion. Of I 679 85 Annual appropriation . . - 9.0UV 00 Certain loti in 1844, . -$13,679 85 This is awful for the wliigs to read, and I am truly sorry ■halt «m compelled kodma liut I trust 1- llteir well known regard fi r self respect and kindness*; and hope they will not fail to recognize and appreciate the senti ments of their friends. I had asserted that the whig legislature of 1843, exceed ed ID expenditures, the democratic legislature of 1842, $58 162. This statement, likewise, the Georgia Journal denies. If u wouta not be trespassing too much upon the rolumns of a newspaper, I might baC? published every ap- prop.-iut; ia li:J in 1843 tfiat “ a - f “’S"*I judge between us. I refer those who have doubts .'*■Tb u .1 l)U Constitution should 1 iy Public Laws of those years—-and tbev will find mV ake”!*- r " ' • • * mental rrfe. P ut ’he minuter lions correct. My whig friends will now be relieved, for some time, from strictures upon their financial Governor. Hut they must keep in the right track, and play a little fairer than they have heretofore. PINEY XYOODS. P. S.—My "School Master” friend has honored me with a notice in the "llecordrr" of Tuesday last. He neither- advances any ciphering or figuring to sustain his previ- ously untenable positions, tior confronts anything advance-1 by me. His article is “Upon the .whole,- ** A specimen of the rigmarole.''. - .- [Augusta Constittuionalist. From the .Augusta Constitutionalist. Consistency in the exercise of the riglu.if suffrage,seenis to be regarded by the advocates of Mr. Crawlurd's re-elec tion, as a vague and unessential soinethingv-enurrly ddo insignificant to occupy a place in the present gubernatorial canvass. 1 here are many voters that gate ifrl Crawford their support in'43, who cannot now, in view of the mra- aures held and maintained by the whigs of Georgias die, being their standard bearer, consistently vole for Tiis, re.- election; for when they voted for him, they did'ii'under the full belief that he held tbe old-fnsbioned tkato flights doc trines of’33—doctrines which they 'themselves still hold, believing them to be salutary and republiciinlri'their char acter. And yet if one has independence enough so' to ex press himself, he is pounced upon at once, and charged by the whig leaders with endeavoring to‘throw contusion into" their ranks. These metiers, say they, must not be agitated within the hearing of the common people, for fear the in vestigation may prove prejudicial to the success of the par ty- We are gravely told, that Mr. Crawford’s change of views and opinions upon national questions and of minor impor*’ tance in comparison with State measures and State policy that in his executive capacity he lias faithfully carried .uut* these measures, and adopted a policy that has enabled him to restore the sinking ere Jit of the State, and lo bring llie Central Bank bills up to par value ; and, besides; by bis judicia 1 management, the penitentiary has become a source of profit to the Slate.—Ihe statements of public documents to the contrary notwithstanding. "We aro tuld that Gov. Crawford has done all this per se, and therefore It would be unjust and even ungrateful and cruel for any. one who assisted in placing li.ni in the executive chair, to think now* ofdepcaing l.im at the ballot box on account of Ins havjn, adopted the federal doctrines of the national whig party although these measures were regarded, eveu by the w higs. of Georgia in ’43, as being aiili-souiheru and anti republican in their tendency. From the manner in which Mr. Crawford's claims lo re- election are set forth, one would suppose that his adminis- ■ tration has been entirely disconnected with legislative cn- ■ actment. He is held up as a modern Lycurgus—"making l his own laws and adapting his own policy. If ihe majority ! of the whig party in Getrgia are disposed to compromise their politn-ial principles, snd to lay aside consistency for ; the sake of unanimity and the re-election of Mr. Crawford, there are some at least, who legarded consistency as a jew el. and to preserve it untarnished, will capt their votes at ' the comirg election for M. Hall Mc.Callister. -i A CRAWFORD MAN OF ’43. Gnene County, August 1.1.-4S. “I. O. O. F.—The annual session of the R. W. Grand Lodge of the State of Georgia, which convened in this city on the 6th inst, adjourned last evening. Ever / Lodge in the State was fully represented, and the Order, we aro pleased tn learn, is reported in a most flourishing condition in Georgia. At eleven o'clock yesterday, the following gentlemen were installed as officers for the ensuing year: R- XVsyne, of No. 1, Savannah. M. W.'G. M- I. Holmes. No. 2. Macon, II. W. D. G. M. J. J. Jones, No. 2, Macon, It. W. G, XV. J. N. Lewis. No. 1. Savannah, R. XV. G. S. J. P Collins. No.3, Savannah. K. XV. G. T. J. S. Morel, No. 3, Savannah, II. W. G. C. J. R. Johnson, No.9. Ssvannah, XV.G. M. J Scott, Jr. No. 1, Savannah, 'V. G. C. B. Connelly, No. 7, Augusta, W. G. G. T. K. Lloyd, No. 1, Savannah, and XX r - XVtlliams. No. 6. Columbus, II. XV. G. Representatives to the Lodge of tho U. S. STATE GOVERNMENT. Not on'y \x*erc the vigorous measures by xvhich the State’s credit xx’as restored adopted, during Governor McDonald’s administration, but during the same period ameliorating chan ges in the constitution and laxvs xvere made, by xvhich the public expenditures have been so en trenched as to xvarrant the belief that the entire amount of the State debt, large as it is,may be paid before its maturity, xvithout adding to the burdens of the people. Instead of annually, the legislature noxv meets only once in two years, and the expense of our entire session of legislature and its incidents, xvhich may be es timated iit §90,000 is saved every two years, xvhich amounts to an annual saving of S45,0QQ. Again,upon his recommendation the legislature has been reduced, a measure xvhich had previ ously been frequently attempted, both by enact ments of the legislature and coi-ventions held fo'r the purpose, anil had invariably failed. He pointed out the causes of previous failure and these being avoided, the constitutional amend ment xvas adopted. On this subject he remark ed that “the failure of tlie many eflbrts hereto fore made, to effect an amendment of tlie consti tution, for the reduction of the number of the members of the General Assembly, almost de ters me from urging it again on your notice.— But it seems to be strongly demanded by every sound policy, that I cannot forbear making the recommendation. With a less numerous body, the business of this country may be despatched with more ease and rapidity, at a greatly diminished expense, and xvith equal benefit to the people. The past failures to accomplish this most desirable object, have net resulted from any conviction on the minds of the people, that it xvas not imperi ously demanded by their best interest, but from art attempt to carry out the details of the meas ure in the proposed amendment, this gave room for the operation of objections arising from party or personal considerations. In a matter of such general and momentous concern, such unworthy influences ought never to be exerted. down the funda- regulations ought gent ordinary sources, according to the estimate of the Comptroller General, a copy ut which is herewith submit ted, will he more than sufficient to defray tlie ordinary ex penses of the Government, and pay tlie interest on the pub lic debt. The total receipts may he estimated as follows : from taxation and other contingent sources of revenue, SQ90.000 00 To the credit of the State in Central Bank and Georgia Rail Uoud Bank, subject to Execu tive checks, $36,529 07 To the credit of the Treasury in Central Bank, 21,967 00 Balance of Military claim on Government, 74,795 73 Making an aggregate of $423,291 80 To this is to be added the balance on hand on the 31st of O.-tobcx Iasi, less the amount received on assessments of taxes for 1343. Appropriations for many objects, for the political year, eighteen-hundred and forty-three, were inadequate for the purposes lor which they were intended, and those for the year 1844, must necessarily be increased. The contingent fund, accidentally overdrawn a few hundred dollats, lias long since been exhausted, ami there are in consequence, now outstanding debts chargeable to it, arising from cases of small pox, postages, attorney* fees-for prosecuting delin quent Banks, printing Bank Reports, &c , amounting in the aggregate to ten’tliousand dollars.or thereabouts, for which immediate prevision should be made. The expenditures for the present year, may he estimated as follows : Expenses of Legislature", $93,000 Civil Establishment. 37;475 Contingent Fund including the balance for lnstyear,30,000 Military Fund, 5.000 Printing Fund, 17,000 Special appropriations, 15,000 Interest on public debt. 95,000 Arrearages of interest for former years, 18.000 Making an aggregate of $312,475 which being deducted from estimated receipts, will leave a balance subject to legislative disjvxsnl of $110,816 80.— This sum is to be increased by the balance on bond oiiSlst ult. as alluded to above. The large sum of $32 000 fur the pay of the troops on the southern frontier,ia included in tho special appropriations paid- the last year. No similar ap propriation will be required hereafter. Il is proper for me to remark, that I have engaged, upon the receipt of the balance of tlie appropriation from the General Government to apply at least fifty thousand dollars of that sum to the reduction of the debt due Reid, Irving & Co., which, from the foregoing statement, it will be percei ved, may very readily be done without, in the slightest de gree, embarrassing tlie operations of the Government. To the sum of the estimated receipts into the Treasury as hereinbetore mentioned; may be added the proceeds of the . sales of such of the reverted lands as the General Assem bly may order to be disposed of. From that source, if all tbe reverted lands drawn in the lotteries prior to the Cher okee lotteries are sold, the sum of fifty thousand dollars, at least, may be expected to be realized. As you may* not be assembled again during your consti tutional term of service, provision must be made for the expenses of the Gove-nment. and the interest on the public debt for the political year eighteen hundied and forty-five. These expenses will be diminished by the amount of the pay of the Legislature and charges incident to legislation. For that year the probable expenditures will be: Civil Establishment, $37,475 Contingent Fund, 29,000 Military Fund, 3,000 Friming Fund, (no Laws and Journals.) 5,000 Interest on public debt, 100,000 Special appropriations, 15,000 S180.475 If the revenue should reach the estimate for the present year, viz: $290,000, there will be a surplus of one hundred and nineteen thousand five hundred and thirty-five dollars, applicable to the reduction of the debt due to Messrs. Reid,. Irving tc Co., should you continue the provision of the act of last session, directing the application of tbe surplus to t hat object. If you should direct the sale- of reverted lands- drawn in the Cherokee lottery. aRcr the expiration of twelve months, a revenue of at least eighty thousand dollars ukiy be expected from that source. Bence, it will appear if tliere be no-error ic-tbe estimates, the meansatyour con trol will enable ym> to- adopt all tbe measures hereinafter recommended, without interfering with the annual reduction on the principal of the public debt, of ut least fifty thousand dollats. Should my recommendations in relation to the amend- menaof the Constitution, to reduce the number of mem- bers„and the change of tlie time for the meeting of the General Assembly be adopted, and tbe pay of the members fixed a< tbe rate which was for a long series of years cus tomary in Geotgia, and is-iiov; the usual compensariorrin an ndjniningStale, the most fortunate results maybe expected. The sessions will be shortened to an average" of forty days, the daily cost of legislation will not exceed six hundred and fifty dollars, and the aggregrate biennial expense reduces! to twen'y-six thousand dollars. The amount thus saved will be a sensible relief to tbe hardens of the people, and tile-ameliorating effects of the change will soon be felt in the improved character of llte State at home and abromi.” Constitution of flic State oi Texas* Thu various committees ia the Convention at Austin have reported provisions-for a Consti tution of Texas, and these ere published at length in the late files of the Texiau Journals. From tlie GuIvestou- CivLiaa ol" the 30;h aid, xve give s">me of the m >st imt-pcsting articles and sections as they appear in that paper, pre mising that the Editor thinks that various al terations will be made ia many of them before their passage : The following articles from the“ Bill of Rights” may not be uninteresting.. No religious teat shall ever he required as a qpali- tion dutrictsTWni^liuixi^Jld thirteen S.ates » by act of Congress, and may at any time be chant'? Vt pleasure of that body. No one, however, ere°!t that this statute crested the Union. The const; ■ completed that; the right of sovereignty, ihe * U * l0l> enact the low, was already consummate.' 2 what some have supposed to involve an incono"? re -"alt, while one branch of t!i« government considers t'*"’*'* virtually ours, snd despatches troops to ocrn pv • ' l *> u department holds that it is not operated upon bv"’ nue laws. Ob viously there is no shadow of lnco^ OU, ’*’*■ these views. They are both right, and there is n,, 8 ? 1 , 1 ? ij between them. Until the territory and sovere' C0 ' i) '°t ours, there can be no extension of our laws over •f ,1 - V ,r « tory, and no exercise of this sovereignty. \y„ ‘’Gtti-. possession. We must occupy, we must hold, a , ?! hi, ry to legislgdki. What, then, have we acquij e ,| nexntion of^rexaS ? We tiave acquired all i| ltlt to Texas. We have a-quired the territory, with 0t N boundaries and rights which she before had/ \yj, ’at* rights are perfected by open and quiet possession t,''" 0 * 4 clear and beyond oontrovarsy. Where they rest j - v,r t claim, which claim is controverted, they dev precisely in ihe same way. and to exactly the SfRJ Tlie case is a familiar one. When we acquired by cession from France, neither ibe eastern, w* S i northern boundary was distinctly settled. To the ***' ** of the Mississippi we claimed to the Perdido—com** 1 ' 1 ' 1 * ding a large extent of territory then possessed,*!,^?* 2 * continued to be occupied by Spain. To the south* claimed to the Hio Bravo; and this claim continual** settled by the treaty of 1619. To the north, the lin,;, 0 ?^ been partially adjusted by arrangement wit}, £ J ,T i while, to the westward of the Rocky mountains, th^ ^' question of boundary remains open with England: **7 In each and every of these cases, it was «ui»poi e i the right of the Executive to take possession w»Fn ^ lionaDle. Oregon has been occupied, and is no* progress of rapid settlement, while the title is vet in c V 1 * versy. The most malogeus case, however, in our V is that of the disputed territory lying between the Ibe*^ and the Perdido. The American government clsi—j j* territory, as t constituent part of Louisiana, to which ,‘i* rived title under the treaty of cession from Prance of* ^ 30, 1803. This assertion of right on the part of the T \S States was never promulgated to the public until JjJj Spain remained in the undisturbed occupancy of the ^,7 Her monarch exercised his ordinary powers o» ’I lie N. Y. Courier and Enquirer aUtys — “Wo unclerstnn<j from good authority, tfiatP.ro* fessor Liekeh, of the College of South’Caroii- lia. lias received a second ofler from tho King of Prussia to enter his service as a superinten dent genera! ol"prisons, together xvitli u chaif- in the University of Berlin. .Flattering as this offer must be to our felloxv-citizen, xve hope he may see his advantage in declining it, as it will certainly be for tire advantage of his adopted country to return in its service taionts and learn ing of such high orderas thoso of the Professor.” to be left to the leg»j!“l l, rP.« At the time of the adoption of the presenl constitution, the General Assembly consisted of 21 Senators anu J G2 Representatives only: tbe xvhole not equal to llio present number of Senator?. Then the organized tcrrilory did not extend xvest of the Oconee:, now-, thst our entire limits aro settled, and tho population is quadrupled, txvice over, the public interest requires a nexv regulation !!” By this alteration tlie expenses of the legislature xvill be reduced about S33.000, xvhich taken frpm $90,000 the eslimcted expense under the old organization leaves $57,000 as the entire t expense of legislation for every f.vo y'ears.— Tho sum taken from the former expenses for the same time, to xvit S180,000 leaves $123,000 as the saving of every txvo years, equal to a per manent annual saving of $61,500. This sum applied as a sinking fund, xvould extinguish tlie principal of the public debt in’Iess than txventy- five years, provided it does not exceed one mil lion and a half of dollars. The revenue noxv raised, it is presumed, is sufficient to pay the •interest, and to authorize tho application of the above sum to tlie extinguishment of the princi pal. By this policy, the interest xvould be re duced annually* nearly S4.000, and, consequent ly leave "an increased sum each year to be ap plied lo the reduction of the principal For the condition of the finances at the closo of Governor McDonald’s term, xve refer our readers to his last annual communication to the legislature. It xvill bn seen that his assiduous labors to restore soundness to the finances xvere successful; that he left to his successor nothing but the plain and easy mode of paying out tho money which his strong efforts hud brought in to the treasury. * His statement of the condi tion of the finances has been verified by time. Mr. Mcrixvether by his report from the commit tee on finance endeavored to discredit it, but xve believe that he never ventured to ask the vote of the legislature in support of the palpable errors xvhich that document contained. The xvhole of the balance of the military claim on the government has not been receixed, and xve believe that the failure is attributable entirely to the indifference manifested by tbe powers that be, to its payment. We presume it- was not nouded by the treasury. In our next, we shall commence a history of tho administration of the “ Financier,” and iti the mean lime xvo append a copious extract from Gov. McDon ald’s las-t message: Extracts front the journal of the house, page 12. “ lam gratified tn have it in my power to state, that the present and prospective condition of the finances is more flattering than when I had the honor last to Communicate' with the representatives of the people on this subject. Tbe receipts iuto the Treasury from taxation and other conlin- (-cation to auy office of public 11 usi under this Slate. “littll. No bill of attainder, rs post facto law impairing tlieobltg-il'ou of contracts, shall be made, nor vested rights be divested, unless for purposes of public utility, ami twr adequate compensatio,.' previously made. “j4ih. No person shall ?ver be imprisoned for debt. “IBtii. Perpetuities or monoponCJ are contrary to the ge nius of a free goWnimCC!; and shall nevefbe al'owed ; nor shall the law of primogeniture or cnta.'ItnenteverLp in - orce in this State." In the “ Executive Department” the 1st section ;nys ihat “The supreme executive power of tnis State shall b’e ves ted in a Chief Magistrate, who shall be styled a Governor of the State of Texas.” “OEC. 4, Tlie Governor shall hold his office for the term of four years from the time of his installation, and until his successor shall be duly qualified, bet shall not be eligible for more than four years in any term of eight.years ; he (hall be a: least thirty years of age, shall be a na>ive citizen of the United States , or a citizen of tho StateofTex- as at the time of the adoption of this Constitution.” The 5th section of that part of tlie Constitution having reference to the “Judiciary” department of the State is as follows : ••The Governor shall nominate, and, by and with the ad vice and consent of two-thirds of tlie Senate, shall appoint the Judges of the Supreme and District Courts.” Tlie.edilor of the' Civilian is of the opinion that this sec tion will become a law, thus taking the election of the judg es from the hands of the people. fhe 1st sectionofthe“Legislative Department” provides that‘-every free white male citizen of the United Stales, who shall have resided in Texas oneyear preceding an elec tion, and the last six months in the county or town in which lie offers to vote, shall be a qualified elector. Indians not taxed, and Africans and descendants of Africans excepted.” No minister ol the Gospel or priest shall be a member oT the General Assembly. The first election to be held on the first Monday and the folio wing day in November, IS46,and the election shall be held on the same days in November everv two vears there after. The Civilian further aids that it appears to be understood that a majority of the members of tlie convention are in favor of inserting a clause in the constitution prohibiting the char tering of any Bank in that State. MEXICO AND TEXAS. Our relations ate such at present with the Governments and people of Texas and Mexico that we are sure our readers feel u deep inter est in everything relating to the course the Government at Washington will feel bound to adopt in reference to our rights connected with or growing out of tho ratification by the Texan congress of the joint resoluiions for the annexation of that republic. Folloxving some remarks made by the Washington Union, in re ply to the National Intelligencer, xve find the following sensible communication on the subject, which xve transfer to our columns to-daj, and commend it tn the reader’s attention: However, President Madison issued his prociamatiua, ft? citing the grounds of claim, it asserts that *‘a cm,v t “ ! ' length arrived,” "whereby a failure of ri>e United Suais take possession may lead to events ultimately contrtT... the views of both nations; whilst, in the meaa i*y : j tranquility and security of our adjoining lerritoriei, dangered, and new facilities given to violators ofocr?," nue and commercial laws,” Ac. Under these circc-.'. ces, the President-deemed it right and expedient tha.^T session should be taken of the territory in the name aaU half of the United States.” Governor Claiborne tui rected to take possession, and to exercise over it tbs ity ,-f governor; the inhabitants were invited anderj ? to pay due respect to him in that character, and to f;jj, dienl to the laws. In the instructions given to that officer, he was to cause copies of the President’s proclamation to btc ,a huted throughout the territory, in the English, Frtwhm Spanish languages; to arrange with the ditierem cr-c,.’ ders of troops in the vicinity, to assume possessisa, a> c ..„ ize the militia, prescribe the boaids of parishes, anduaj. lish courts. In case of opposition, the commanderrfs United States troops was to furnish the necessary »b. “Should, however, any particular place, however sir, main in poesesssion of n Spanish force, you will not p.-ocVt- to employ force against it, but will make immediate re\- thereof to this department ” Our right to the whole of Texas is surely as clesrsajj^ controvertible rs tn the territory then in coutrovenj. > was notoriously held adveiselv to our claim by Spiis.il, asserted her right to it: Mr. Madison considc-ej ikai, was empowered by die constitution, and authorized hv law of nations, os the Executive of the nation, to tileat session and to employ force to execute this dutv.udW carried out his design,despite tbe-fisitnai pronstofthe!-, lish minister, who interpoavd on behalf ofSpain.wbveioi. ereignty was thus invaded: AMEKICAXCS Our Prospects. From every section of the State, onr intelJ. gence is of the rm>st cheering character. Th people are becoming keenly alive to the r;. ture of the issues, to be decided upon by that in October next, and are determined todalheir whole- duly. God speed the good «ori,tt say, and may their victory be- as complete u the principles for which, they a-re contending,w sacred and holy lo every one in whose bos« throbs a truly southern heart. The fol'otri:; extract from a letter dated While SulpL Springs, Meriwether county, August 5v \Y< find il in the Federal. Union of Inst week, “■Here is the p-'ace to hear politics discus'd, and to get nexvs from all parts- of the Suite.- McAllister is carrying all fn-fore hint, like firt in a sedge field. No-mistake! : Crawfod the VVliigs are col tfi'ut the knees. Tltegn* Executive financiering of Crawford, they sk did ssem to take for a xvhile; but as sooa is'e was explained that his money saving capacjt xvas all displayed in saving chips, and maki.g the Penitentiary make money by chargniftk State with all its expenses, and paying frenilk Treasury for nil the work the Convicts dul,b fat was knocked into the fire. The whig here, don’t like this last eflbrt of the party,it unite a general-rally upon the Penitentiary,i. carry the elections in October, and thepeoplt Ut -lk they will elect McAllister for Goienor, a'ld let a PP°i n t Crawford to ittkecere; the thinks proper Jet a> supcnntet.d to ney matters of the PenitentiC 1 j * . You may rely on it, there's rno.'c and enthusiasm in the Democratic partyri -- ever was witnessed before. Warner’s fr«P are the most zealous men I have seen,lor.- Allister any xvhere, and not a ma” ot , here, who docs not go it for him, horSfi and dragoons. The Whigs give it up, they they never expected lo elect Crawford, w thought he had as xvell be beat as any of tbs party, and that lie car be spared to return ! Bellair. But for Berrien, they are alraidthey" fail to get the Legislature, to send him backu the Senate in Congress—for his associatl* xvith Webster and the abolitionists, lasf su mer has been published, and the people • Georgia, are not disposed to folluxv hi®* readily iuto his federal measures againstTe® and the like. I shall be here and hereabouts, sowet* 1 yet, and shall visit the Warm Springs, too.J-’- shall hear from me again. Yours- From thecorrespondenceof the Constitute*’ alist, dated at Rome, Floyd county, xve clipt ! following in relation to the Cherokee country -id let Ulm ■ppnmt xjyaxstoru ro nmttcarew : *,<. „. ’'>e State wood pile und oilier Ir.'it ” a^“Ut the Capitol, and if I* unsrs wasting . r . 'efl cnnArintPrifl filPIEO* RELATIONS WITH MEXICO. In regard to me measures to be pursued by the govern ment in occupying Texas, it is a matter of surprise that unv great difference of opinion should exist. By the passage of thejaint resolution. Congress lias given its assent to the an nexation, on certain terms and conditions. Those terms and conditions have been assented to by Texas. The com pact is thus complete. What, then, remains lo be done ?— As regards tho act of annexation, nothing. Texas is now to form—or at this day, we may say, has formed—her constitution, which will he submitted to Con gress; and, it approved, she will be admitted as one of the Slates of the Union. This proceeding, however, obviously is wholly dislinc. from the original act of annexation. Tex as, by such a measure, becomes vested with certain rights, and parts with others which she now possesses. But her admission into the Union as a Stale can neither enlarge nor impair any rights of property. It merely changes the char acter of the relations between the parties. It will also become necessary for Congress bv distinct legislation, to create districts, ports of entry, and to extend the revenue system lo their newiy-acquired territory.— SOch legislation presupposes, and does not oonfer, tights of sovereignty. The metes and bounds of the various collec- “So far, it appears, that Mr. McAllister** largely the advantage of his competitor- ^- Craxvfnrd. Mr. McAllister is considered 1 ' 1 ®? part of Georgia as their candidate, atula 5 Hie members ofthe democratic party iirF |, ' ! ^ give him an undivided support. Some C0®T tent judges have informed me, that ihe mV' 1 ^ for McAllister in October next, will beh's than tlie democratic majorities at both el‘ c **. last year for members of Congress and l of President. {ET 6 * We learn by a gentleman f'° m *^ a ’j that Samuel M- Strong, Esq., and f> en * ' r 6trong have been nominated by the demo^ ■ as candidates to represent the county ol $*■ the next Legislature. The Democratic t,c ^ in that county is noxv completed. B 13 eOI ! 1 ^_ sed of gentlemen, whose high character aD * knoxvledged ability ensure the triump 10 ^ mocracy in that county and Senatorial They will be ornaments to the General - blv, and will doubtless render eff-ci CI,t se lo the State.—Fed. Union. Tribute to Gen. Jacfcsou* ^ ! Every vessel in tbe port of Li'erp 00 '^ ; glish and foreign as xvell ns America' 1 ' ! their colors at half must on tbe l6th 111 ' ! mark of respect to the memory of Gen.