Newspaper Page Text
SLAVERY. _ .
Extract from tho la>t lefter of the able Paris
COT-xp-nde.it of'lv-Yat nurd Intelligencer
“My reference to tlm topic of bom »ge in Bra
zil remind* mo of .be small pamphlet entitled
slavery in M iryhn-J Bn fly Considered— ; >y
Jol> i L. Cary. Lot me tbn >k me author, with
wli i'ii 1 iuve not the advantage of personal
aeq iiiiuta-icc, tor Ins sound apprehension of
of nis subject ; his acute lucid sense ; and
the oxcel’cnt aim of liis forty-eight pages.—
llo exhibits negro slavery, abolition and the
abdiiimii-u:- ; n the prop-r points of view; lie
a 1 vcits j islly 10 the extensive white slavery of
Gorrne. L ine new books—heretofore repot t-
e l to l ynu on llu<>*i i, by Golovine, should hill
into his hands, let him* 1 translate and publish
tlm section heirinning p'ge 201, oil Russia,
Serfdom : negro slavery in the United State*
Will *-ve»» ir un by o cnlluiion ot law (\nil fact.
re y tells us—no doubt truly—that the
fanatical movement of the nbolilioiiisis checked
the progress of things in Ma-yland ; he likc-
vise records, what 1 know to Ijj accurate, that
the dNposii-ion mantles ed in \ irgitiia, in 18.12,
to hasten the oxliuction ol slavery, was sail-
chsnlv* checked by tho same cause : so also iu-
Konin'-kv. A pubry .sheet has been trutis-
mitted from Pittsburg your correspondent,
in which iic is represented as having hem once
«:i Abolitionist, and being now “a paid pur
veyor to the Southern slaveholders.” If he had
ever been an Abolitionist in the present srr.-n,
lie would rejoice to have repudiated the name
and fraternity, since he bus closely followed and
studied, in America and Europe, the proceed
ing*, <fwposiii-»ns t nnd purposes of a sect that
has invented nnd spread more noxious false
hood and atrocious calumny than any other t i
modern times, and whose schemes involve more
malignity and evil than could he imputed to
Jesuits, Freemasons, Illuminati, Carbonari, or
tho other orders and associations denounced
as conspirators against human welfare. Your
correspondent has never received pay, nor look
to reward, for the-utterance of any sentiments
ou any subject; in this way he might—as he
could prove—have succeeded egn giously with
the Abolitionists. On your side of tho Atlan
tic, vou cai not be ignorant how well they nu-
derstand the power and-application of money
ns well as slander, in thcii crusade. YVe who
learn their secret and scan their public opera
tions .in Groat Ilriuiin and 1- ranee, positively
know that they gather end use extraordinary
sums, and tlmt they have always at command
ample subsidies for every kind of service. We
are not surpris d that, while they deal chit fly
with stipendaries—whether journalists, tourists,
spoolers, intriguers, srducers, pamphleteers,
or elcrt'n-ncerers—they should arraign as cor
rupt nil independent judgment and action a-
gainst their own designs and machinations.—
Your slaveholding States have not exerted
tbt-raselves in st-ll-defi ncc, ’in any degree or
manner which c m bear comparison with the
activity, range, and fierce perseverance oflheir
organized assailants. American character in
gimernl lias seriously suffered bytheuuremittcd,
widespread, unscrupulous war in Europe, for
many years past, on American slavery and
slaveholders! In .every .quarter, the enemies
of our union nnd of republicanism calculate
most-on the slavory question as a disturber and
ns an expedient of defamation and discredit.—
If tho European nations or people—British,
French, or other—should at any time be dis
posed to second or .urge their Govcrnmints in
bel.igerenl t mleavors to cripple Amer ican pow
er ami irsti.'. miens,-it will be from the diffusive
prejudices and antipathies, from the aversion
or odium created by the m ichincry of the anti-
slavery societies and their abettors. East win
ter, pamphlets were printed iin New England,
placed in Galignnni’s Reading Rooms, to at
tract English readers, which filled me with hor
ror, by the e-iormity of the charges and invec
tives, and che intensity of tho venom lavished
on the American slaveholders universally, and
indeed, on the whole American people except
the Abolition zealots.”
From the.London Economist.
TIIE AMERICAN TARIFF.
Warlike as the mews from the United States
nay appear, we have no good reason fur chan
ting the views we expressed last week against
ho probability of any uctive hostilities arising
ictwccn them and Mexico. The subject of tho
[reatest importance ihufis now engaging the
ittentian of the most influential men of all par-
ics, though -comparatively little appears with
aspect to.it iu the public journals, is that of the
arid'. It Is well known that Mr. Walker, the
iblc secretary of the treasury, is indefatigahly
ingagod at this moment in framing a proposi-
ion to bo submitted to Congress when it meets
n December, on the part of tho Government,
rith a view to reduce the tariff strictly within
eveuuo consideration*. We have already had
ccasion to remark on the happy concurrence
if events, and of the tone of public opinion in
lie United States, arid in this Country, which
re calculated more than on any former occa-
ion to secure substantial benefits Horn the tie- ,
;oiiat>ons which, we beJiev.*, wiil be immedi- j
tjly opened between Mr. M’Lane, tlio Amor- I
:an minister, and oui government, with a view [
a place the commerce between the two coun- j
•;es on a more satisfactory and permanent loo- |
ng. However much we arc impressed with j
iC opinion, that it is the duty as we.1 as the III- |
irest of the country to adopt a wise and trie
mnuierciul system, altogether irrespective of |
io policy of other countries, yet are we roL tl c ;
•mi alive to the gieater advantages which would j
fsidt from such a system if it were also adop- j
>1 by those countries with which we are inti-
latclv conhccted in commoicial i ter course.—
tnd, therefore, although we could not consent
a make our adoption of n right course contin
ent o:i the acts of others, yet should we be
‘“Pry lo sc0 tint any -step which we took in
lie riaht <1 rcc.ion. either formed an induce-
nent for oilier governments or enabled them
o pursue a similar wse policy. Y\ e hold it as
, clear and undeniable truth, supported by ar-
;uin*-nt and theory, and confirmed hy tl.e evi- j
leu eo ol ex peri cnee, iliat whatever policy the i
Jmtoil Slates may adopt, the only sale, wise, j
.nil jiistjumirse that this country can pursue, j
.Hjkmgol .no to pur interest, is that of free and j
mreairict'd connuerce. B-rt we hold it equally ,
jildcniable that, le-i this country act fool-shly
•r wist Jy in this re. pect, the true interest ot tlie
J. States, a due npprt eiatton of theii greatest i
md most immoiliale sources of wealth, and a i
ense of equal justice to ad classes of their en- j
orprismg and industrious people, would d.c- j
ule a perfect freedom ot trade, and an ut'er re* |
judiulion 'jf every principle not only wiiich has i
protection for its oliject, but ' vniio which pro- >
ectinn is a mere incident, There is no country ,
a the world more deeply interested in free j
lade than the UnilCtl .States, b cause there is |
io other country which possesses the sumo |
mount of internal resources of every descrip- j
•an calculated to minister to national wealth i
md to individual prosperity ; while the enter- I
true and energy ot its people, and the freedom |
if its political institutions arose well calculated i
& developo these resources. But all expert- j
j ence shows that the protective principle, " h j l0
I it mav temporarily appear to promote tndivid-
i tial interest, in the l»ng run, militates gainst
| the Greatest development ot those pursuits
I which it is intended to encourage, and suppres-
i ses instead of stimulating the ennyy ol those
) eno-aged therein; and, what is still worse, it
; tends to misdirect the capital and industry of
. the country from those pursuits for which it pos
sesses the greatest natural advantages, and to
■ divert them to those for winch it has less apti-
; tude, andrwhich con never be prosecuted with
j «o mucli public adynr.tage. 1 he protective
, principle of England indues* to a waste, lor it
can be called by no other name, of capital and
labor in cultivating “Ixigs and barren hillsides,
i while in America the same cause withdraws
j capital and industry from the cultivation ol the
; richest virgin soils.
If England and America were each to pur-
j sue independently of each other, that pobey
best calculated to promote their own individual
interests they would each do exactly that which
is mo*t to the interest of each other. 1 his may
appear somewhat paradoxical to that o'.d, nai-
row and bigottod spirit, which mode one coun
try look with jealousy on the prosperity of oth
ers, but it will be well understood by those w.io
see the best interest of every country promoted
by the s tcccss of those with which they are in
conunc rial connection. As individuals will
best prosper in the midst of a wealthy commu
nity, so countries wll best advance, when sur
rounded and connected with others which are
wealthy and prosperous. Liverpool and Man-
ches'.er, and the millions of operatives in the
manufactu: ing districts, are scarcely less. con
nected \v : t or interested in the prosperity of
New York if b 1 New Orleans, nnd the vast conn-
try that lies belrnd them, tliao they arc with
London, Bristol and Glasgow. Next to a
bountiful supply of food the most important
consideration for the industry of this country is
the cotton crop of the United States ; and to
the grr wers of that article the next thing in im
portance to toe success of the crop itself, is the
state of trade in Lancashire ; and in each coun
try -with thi eand other great mutual inteKSts,
all others arc directly nnd indirectly so tr xed
up, that prosperity or depression cannot exist
fere without reflecting their influences thore,
or there, without being felt here. If thus the
true and b.st interests of the two countries are
so identical; if the policy which each would
pursue, considering only what is wisest on its
own account, be precisely that which is best
for the other, tho negotiation between Mr. 31’-
Lanc and Lord Aberdeen should be as simple
as it would be mutually satisfactory, lhc cit-
cumstances and relations between the two coun
tries point so distinctly to the line of policy
which each should pursue, that negotiation
would appear unnecessary. And we have
much reason to believe that, if the hands of
these ministers were not so hampered by the
prejudices and ignorance which still attach to a
portion of the public in both countries, very
little negotiation would be required, in order to
place the commercial relations between these
two great countries, so natural and so intimate
ly associated, on the most satisfactory and per
manent fooling.
From the Charleston Mercury.
THE COMMERCIAL RELATIONS of ENGLAND
AND THE UNITED STATES.
We copy to-day from one of the ablest jour
nals of LondoD, the Economist, an admirable
article on the great motives tor releasing the
intercourse of Great Britain and the United
States from the wretched slavery of restriction
by which shallow and cowardly statesmanship
has so long sought to buy the selfish support or
escape the clamors of the classes determined to
feed upon the people. 1 he Economist sets
forth well and clearly what the true and lasting
good of the two counlri.es demands.
In a preceding article, the same paper de
signates the present ns a most favorable time to
establ.sh on the widest scale a mutually bene
ficial intercourse between tbs two nations, in
stead of the past and present system of mutua 1
commercial hostility—the war of tarifis the
interchange of all the bitter compliments of
bad neighborhood. We most frequently look
upon tins question in its political character—as
a great question of justice, of liberty and of
constitutional right--as involving the funda
mental principles ofour repuhl can system. To
us, this is bv far the most serious aspect of the
question, and we have much more to say in that
regard. But the commercial and economical
view of the question harmonizes with and sus
tains the political. If it be true, then, as the
Ecounmist supposes, that the present is a fa
vorable time for the liberation of the commerce
of the two countries from the odious thraldom
of protective tariffs, we arc deeply interested in
aiding the tendency of such favorable circum
stances. Among these it alludes to the ques
tion of war and peace-brought home to ths
thoughts of men so of cn of late years, and nev
er perhaps in a shape so full of danger and so
difficult of solution as noiv. The very worth
lessness of the wilJ territory in dispute seems of
adJ to the difliculiy—it has become a point to
honor the abstraction of international hear-
burnings, jealousies, prejudices, antipathies—
the spot where all tho accumulated seeds of
hostility can shoot up unmixed, because there
is real’y nothing in contest hut national pride.
The leal obstaclo to the adjustment of the Ore-
gon .question, is tho ill-blood between England
and America— and while the (earful danger of
longer allowing this mutual spirit of exaspera
tion to ferment, should impel the two Govern-
iqhqIs to such measures of mutual conciliation
as shall increase the sources of mutual prosper
ity, nnd give to the people a general and duia-
b’c interest in the prosperity of e ich other—the
nature of the quarrel really puts it beyond their
power to settle it by any oilier means. In re
ality all the discussion between tiie red-tape
gentlemen about first discoveries, Nootka
treaties and the-19th degree of latitude, is little
better than fudge, and does not touch the ques
tion.—which is nothing else but this: “do the
two great divisions of Suxondom hate each
oilier cordially enough to go to burning cities
col cutting throats by the wholesale?” Wo
very much fear that tins question must be an
swered in tho affirmative, and ii so, all the labors
of diplomat-sis may be spared—they are chafT
for the wind.
But if there remains a possibility of concilia
ting England nnd America, it lies witliiu the
commercial dependence of the two countries.
In tiie position ofllie British and American
Administrations, ihe Economist sees other ar
guments favorable to the present adjustment of j
their tariff svstems on liberal principles. With i
England the tendency of ulf party power is to
the abolition of monopoly. J hero is a .--troiig,
enlightened and resolute free-trade party—the
Whigs hic deeply committed to their policy,
and the Administration representing lhc 'lories,
lias, in a great measure, yielded iistlf to the
impulse in tiie same direcuon.
On our side, the parly professing liberal
principles on tho tarifi’, is in power—the Pres
ident, supposed to be a free-trader, and Iris
Cabinet ready to aid iu any plan for the aWoli-
on ol restrictive duties, with a Minister at
London of the same opinions and identified w-th
the same party. .
Turning from Ministerial to pubi c opinion,
the Economist sees only reasons to hope. 'I he
South has ever been for fiee trade, and the
growing wants ofibc West for market,have
at length made that section alive to the neces-
sitv of on unfettered commerce.
’VI this is beautiful in argument, and if
would only hold good in fact, would bo greater
. a: ,tter of rejoicing. But the West has an in
ordinate desiro to have the United Suites Trea
sury emptied into its lap. nnd to make the ope
ration beneficial, is desirous first that the Trea
sury shall he filled. The South is not united
and the North i». Whigs and Democrats will
there combine to prevent Hie overthrow of the
rest,it live system, ai d in the West, W lugs and
Democrats will combine to plunder the A r ®* ,3 “
urv. TIicV till coino together at last. What
hope has free trade? It "'ill take ollict argu
ments to settle the question.
From the AT Y. Sun.
The cotton fields of the South are, as we
have always betged our “ d solution ol the
Union” colemporaries lo remember, our best
national defence. While we hold the South
ern States In their due and cuidiul estimation,
we need not fear a European war. The fleets
that come to invade us would have to bo recall
ed to quel! disorganization at home, ot perhaps
be required to bear flying royalty to an asylum
beyond its own dominions.
The cotton experiment in India is a complete
and admitted failure. Nature hetself declares
against it. Tho season runs into such ex tie m-
iiies of wet and drought, that after tho most
careful and expensive trials, many times repea
ted, it is established that with double the labor,
tcn’acresof land in India will not produce more
clear, good cotton than one acre in I exas or
the Mississippi valley. This fact carries with
it the elements of perpetual amity with manu
facturing Europe. Whether wo have or have
not ports and navies, she will not, cannot, dare
not, quarrel with the supreme controller of tho
cotton market, while her toiling millions must
have work or starve. Our best bulwark by
sea and land is that monopoly which the pos
session of Texas seals to us forever; or if not
forever, at least until such changes are realized
as will overturn the whole European system
as it now exists. Let it never be forgotten
that tli's mighty defensive power rests "hh
the South rrost emphatically; with that por
tion of the South to whom wo of the grasping,
intriguing north have always refused a Presi
dent, have most reluctantly accorded a single
Vice-President. If the young west is the great
conservator of peace in the national councils, it
must also be conceded that the cotton growing
South is our shield and buckler against foreign
aggression. She furnishes too the life blood of
the commerce on which our sea-board cities
build their highest prosperity, nnd yet some of
those cities threaten to dismiss tho South from
the Union ! With the return of sanity they
will ask what, without the South, would become
of their ships and factories.
Foieis 11 Kews.
We yield to the exclusion of other matter
| prepared lor this days paper a large portion of
j our columns to the letter of Gen. McDuffie,
| and tho Foreign Intelligence received at Boston
| by the Steam Ship Hibernia. Tho news by
! the Hibernia "ill be found interesting to our
i readers. ThcOotton Markets appear to have
underwent a slight decline, as will be seen
front extracts under our commercial head.
TIIE TELEGRAPH AM llEPliBLlO.
Tuesday, October 21, 1845.
meeting: in Bibb.
At a meeting of the Democratic Parly held
at the Court House in this county, on the Sat
urday last, for the purpose of appointing Dele
gates to the convention to nominate a candidate
for the Third Congressional District, on mo
tion of Bcnj. Fort, Esq., F. St3is», E-q., was
called to the chair, and J. G. Coleman was
appointed Secretary of the meeting.
Tlio chairman having fully explained the
object of the mce ing, a motion was made that
a committee of three be appointed by the chair
to select suitable persons to represent the De
mocratic party of Bibb in said convention.—
Whereupon tho chair appointed Gen. \Y m. G.
Smith, Wm. Clark, and Wm. Macartby, Esq’rs,
who retired fora short time and repoitcd the
names of Col. H. G. Lamar, F. Sims, and J.
G. Coleman, as said Committee.
On motion, that we recommend the 15th day
of November next as a suitable time for hold
ing said Convention, and requests that other
delegates may be appointed from tho counties
composing said districts, to meet in Forsyth
on that day’.
Resolved, that the delegates above appoint
ed be authorised to fill any vacancy which may
occur.
Resolved, that those districts in this county
which have not elected delegates to meet in
Convention on the first Tuesday in November
next, for the purpose of nominating candidates
for County officers, be requested to meet at
their respective Court Rooms on Saturday
next, (1st November,) at 10 o’clock, A. AL,
and elect them.
Resolved, that the proceedings of tins meet
ing be published in tho Democratic Papers of
this District.
No further business offering, the meeting ad
journed until Saturday next, at 10 o’clock A.M.
F. SIMS. Chairman,
J. G. Coleman, Secretary.
commercial Bank.
This well known and well managod institu
tion has resumed business again. Ils officers
are gentlemen of experience and probity; and
we have no doubt that under their management
it will continue to bo a safe institution and a
valuable auxiliary to the commerce and busi
ness of Macon. B. II. Moultrie, Esq. has been
appointed President; Allen .Fleming Esq.*
Cashier; and T. G. Holt, Chan. Campbell, L
H. Moultrie, and YV. B. Johnston, Esqs. Di
rectors of this institution.
Bibb tiles.
Col. II. G. Lamar, F. Sims, and John G.
ColeuiA i, Ei qr’s., were appointed at a Meet
ing ol the Republicans of this county on Satur
day, Delegates to the District Convention
which meets at Forsyth on Thursday the 13th
of November to nominate a Republican candi
date to represent this district in Congress.
Third Congressional District.
Gov. Crawford lias issued his proclamation
ordering an election to be held in this District,
on the 5th day of January next to fill the va
cancy occasioned by the resignation of YY'asli-
4 ngton Poc, Esq.
In another column our readers will find an
interesting letter from Gen. McDuffie on the
tariff—copied from the Charleston Mercury.—
\\ r c are certain that most of our readers share
an equal interest with ourselves in anything
from the pen of that distinguished Statesman
and Southerner upon the subject of the tariff,
and arc sure that litis letter will need no com-
mendalion of ours to receive from them an atten
tive perusal.
Memphis Convention.
Delegates to this convention have been ap
pointed from the following States and Territo
ries. Ohio, Kentucky, Illinois, Indiana, Ala
bama, Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Mis
souri and Tennessee, and from the Territories
of Iowa and Texas.
This Convention it will be remembered ad
journed from July last until the 12th of Novem
ber to enable its Committees to report on the
various topics which will be taken up at its ap
proaching session. The Southern Literary
Messenger for October contains an article up
on the subject which will engage the atten
tion of the Convention, front which we take the
following list.
1. The military nnd naval resources ami
defence of the South and West.
2. The improvement of the Ohio river.
3. The improvement of Wet-tern rivers.
4. Connection of the Illinois river with tho
lakes, by a ship cunal.
5. A W'estern armory.
6. Military road from Memphis, through
Arkansas to the frontier.
7. Fortification and defences of the YVcstern
Indian frontier.
8. Western mails.
9. Marine hospital on Western waters.
10. Agriculture of the South and Y\ r est.
11. Manufacturcsofthc South and West.
13. Rail road connection from Memphis to
Charleston, S. C.”
YVe have endeavored from limo to time, to
exhibit to our readers the extent of the mon
strous frauds practised upon them under the
present whig tariff, and we will continue to do
so, and vve trust the labor will not be .altogeth
er unprofitable. At the approaching session
of Congress questions of the greatest interest
to the people of the south, will come up for
the consideration of that body. Not the least
among them will be the effects of the present
restrictive tariff upon the commerce and indus
try of the people of the south and west.
In another column, we copy to-day front the
Charleston Mtrtwnj an admirable article from
the London Economist on llte motives which
exist at present for throwing off tiie commercial
restrictions between Great Britain nnd tie
United Slates. We likewise give the remarks
of tho Mercury upon the same article and a*k
the reader’s attention for both.
Senator in Lowndes.
The Savannah Republican of the 22d inst.
says:
“ It was reported in the city yesterday, on
wliat we regard as good authority, that although
Mr. Jones, the Democratic candidate for YY r are
and Lowndes, has obtained the certificate of
the Justices, his opponent, Gen. Knight, has an
actual majority of 57 votes in tho district. One
of the preoit.c s in YVare, (the Okefenokee,)
which gives a large Whig m-jority, is d stant
some (30 m les from the Court House. It has
been customary to defer the consolidation of the
votes to the latest hour, in order to give time
for the receipt of this return. In this case, how
ever, the Justices made up their returns before
the receipt of the vote from the Okefenokee
precinct thus defeating the wishes of a majority
Our informant received these facts from a gen
tleman from YY'arc county, who informed him
that Gen. Knight intended to contest the scat,
and who also slid that it was reported in Ware,
that Mr. Jones, who is a very honorable man,
would not pretend to take his scat under the
circumstances. If it be found that the distance
from tho Court House has really been tho
means of disfranchising a portion of the citi
zens of YVare, their case is one which requires
Legislative action. If this report is true, as wo
have reason to believe it is, it will make a cor.
responding difference on the voto for Governor,
and reduce the Democratic majority in the
Senate to one vote.
V. S. SENATOR.
We inst week made seme remarks in refer
ence to the election of U. S. Senator at the ap
proaching session of the Legislature, and had
intended to extend them Anther to-day. Our
efficient cotemporaries of the Columbus Times
have saved us tho trouble by anticipating us in
a part of tho enquiry—and wc adopt their arti
cle as being more to the point than any thing
we could say ourselves :
“ The Enquirer ‘-takes time by the forelock’
in its prognostications of the course of the Dum*
ocrattc Slate Senate in reference to the elec.ion
for U. S. Senator. It takes for granted that
ihe Senate will refuse to go into an election for
that officer. What the Senate will do remains
to be seen. And the Enquirer takes counsel
from its cwn apprehensions, in condemning in
advance, a course of action which its frightened
fancy has conjured up. Or, perhaps, the En.
quiter judges tho Democrats fr om what it knows
tho YYliigs would do in like circumstances;
upon the principle of “set a thief to catch a
thief.’’
But, supposing the Senate should realize tho
fears of the Enquirer, let us enquire whether it
would he so outrageous and undemocratic a
procedure as the Enquirer would make it.
In the first place, it is not necessary that the
election to fill Judge Berrien’s seat should come
on, at the next session of the Legislature, and
on tho score of propriety, it may be done just
as well at tho succeeding session. The new
Se»s*ST will not take bis rout until December,
1847, awl ouf next legislature (after tho pres
ent) meets in Not*v*ri»«r 1847, so there will be
no vacancy bvfsre l*e Legislature of 1847
meets and jias time ts elect. The argument
as to time, therefore, is nothing in favor of elec
ting this winter :
In the second place, Judge Berrien, noto-
riously misrepresents the political feeliugs and
opinions of Hie State of Georgia upon every
public question, particularly the Tariff, the an
nexation of Texas and tlio abolition of the \eto
power. The elections of 1844 are conclusive
of this fact, and according to Whig authority,
which they at least cannot gainsay, the elections
favorite YVnig policy of manufacturiood
opinion, in advance of the time, when it i. ^
made useful.
just passed do not prove the contrary ; for even
if they have shown a popular majority of the ^
State in favor of Whigism (which thay do not,
as we shall presently show) the YVhigs fought
the battle, solely upon State issues, and declared
that the people were to decide, the single ques
tion, “h is G. W. Crawford made a good .Gov
ernor 1” And that Federal politics had nothing
to do with it.
By Whig shewing, then, the elections of
1844 were ti e last authoritative judgment of
the people upon the principles which divide
parties i:. Federal politics. It :s certain, that
that judgement was an unequivocal condemna
tion of Judge Berrien.
Taking the Democratic view of the case, the
argument is still stronger. We say, that the
elections of this Fall show beyond dispute, that
the Democratic party has lost none of its
strength since last year. Gov. Crawford owes
his success to several causes—1st he was in of
fice, and had “made a good governor” (we
quote Whig authority, which we have all along
admitted) and the whig press humbugged many
people with the idea, that he had performed fi
nancial miracles for the State, in the resuscita
tion of the Central Bank, in the appreciation
of its bills and of State bonds, and had saved
piles of money to the State Treasury. Gov.
Crawford, enjoying a solid popularity with the
people—in office (a great advantage) and hav
ing the benefit of an unusually calm and unex-
.cited canvass, obtained many democratic votes
and neutralized more than he obtained. The
Georgia Journal (W.) with a candor that does
it great credit, admits this fact. In its com-
merits upon Gov. Crawl'orci’s rc-elect on that
NEW GUIDE TO TEXAS, WITH A Map
Consisting of br^ef outlines of the history 0 f
tner-t. «nd ilie Colonization and Land Laws- ■> „
3 , a “eaeri' -
of the surface of the-country; the climate, soil
See . with a particular description of the countie,'
towns, hy Richard 8. Host and Jesse g
Houston, Texas. SS *k
Such is the title of a new and neat woA t.
. . . ' k;
the pleasure of examining Hus morning, published b ‘
man Jc South, New York. Their agent, -I. A.Cljr’/,^'
he found at tire Washington Hall for a few day,
ithor truly remarks, the only one pubjj
fact, as the
liich makes any pretensions to being based <
The whole is on a tar
sc »*« =-*1 decided;,?
best Map of Texas we have ever seen, k L
tion, just the thing for the limes. To those intend' **
emigrate to that delightful clime this work is initial**
It'Cmmu/iict
"hi
merits upon
paper says:
“YVe feel too that we are under deep obliga
tions to many of our (upon Federal politics)
political opponents, who, justly approving the
administration ol Governor Crawford, rallied
lo his support, despite their attachments to, or
the influence of, party. And may it thus ever
prove!”
The Gubernatorial vote, then, is clearly, no
test of Federal YYMiig strength in this State —
How is it, with the Legislature ? It is to be
remembered that tli's is the first election under
the amended con.-tuition, widening the basis
of representation. The YVIugs were in power
when the new Senatorial Districts were organ-
ized, and every body recollects the outcry rai
sed against them for so laying off the 47 Dis
tricts, as to give them (as they thought) a cer
tain and permanent ascendancy in that body.-—
In spite of this gerrymandering, the Denrocratic
party has proved strong enough to overcome
the odds against them and to elect a majority
of 3 Senators.
Then look at the lower House. Ilore, the
Democratic party suffered loss, by adopting the
census of 1835 as tho basis of apportionment,
which gave two members to some ohl Whig
counties, which if the actual population could
have been represented, would have transferred
these members to new Democratic counties.—
But, the Democratic party could have overcome
even this disadvantage, had it not defeated it
self by divisions iu its own ranks. Pulaski
county with a clear Democratic majority of 190
vo'ers, Butts with a majority of 200, Walker
W4.h 200, anti Jasper with 70 majority, each
returned a YVhig member. Had these coun
ties voted in accordance with their well-ascer
tained political pr nci| les, the Democratic party
would nave held the power on joint ballot.
With these facts in view, where is the jus
tice, the fairness, the propriety or the shadow
of a reason to demand of the Democratic Sen
ate to go into an election this "inter, and send
to the Senate of the Linked Slates a man, who
does nbw and who, probably, will, for the next
eight years misrepresent the people and the
State 1
Under any circums’ances, an election to an
office, the term of which endures six years,
ought to be as near as possible to the period
when the tenure commences, in order that tlio
Rep res n'aine may reflect at the time, the will
and views of Ifs constituency. But, under pres
ent circumstances, when it is morally certain
that the census of 1S45 will make the next Le
gislature largely Democratic, nothing can be
more absurd than to contend that the pit-sent
accidental and meager YVhig majority has the
right to elect a Senator. If a vacancy were to
be created—if there was a pressure lor time—
if any inconvenience to the public service were
to accrue from the failure fo elect this winter, i:
would be a different thing. But nothing of the
sort can be pretended. It is a plain, open and
naked question. We expect the sluices of
Whig abuse will be opened upon the Senate if
they take this course. This is natural—nothing
is more exciting to Whig politicians than the
prospect of losing the spoils of victory, and
mucli as they have lampooned Gov. Marcy’s “to
the victors belong the spoils” no party was ever
more greedy in turning the doctrine to pi actict 1
and profitable account. But, if it is right to
put off the election, let the YVhig Editors vapor.
It is Slid “fair words "ill not butter parsnips,”
and it is equally true, that foul ones wont make
l hi wrong.
But we have a YVhig precedent on this sub
ject furnished by the Legislature of Tennessee
—a case exactly in point. In 1843. both bran
ches of the Tennessee Legislature were YVhig.
A vacancy was to be filled in the Senate of the
United States for a term dial would expire on
the 3d of March, 1845. The Legislature elec-
ted Mr. Foster for the unexpired term, but refu
sed to anticipate tho new term of 6 years, com
mencing 4th March, 1S45, and postponed it
until the meeting of the Legislature, now in
Session. The consequence was that Tennes
see has been represented in the Senate by 31 r.
Jernigan, only, since last March—a conse
quence of no importance, as the Senate has not
been in Session, except for a few days to act
upon Executive appointments. Thu Tennes
see Legislature will elect a Senator at its pres
ent Session, and lie wiil take his seat at tho first
Session of the 30th Congress in December.—
This is the exact counterpart of what will hap
pen in Georgia in 1847, if Judge Berrien’s
place is then filled by the Legislature.
It w a s our purpose to have said nothing on
(his subject, and to have left the question, so
far as we are concerned, to tho Senatorial body,
where it belongs ; but as the Enquirer has
bounced the Democratic Senate and fired off its
gun on one side of an apocryphal stain of facts,
we thought it was just as well to show what
COMMUNICATION.
To the Editors cf the Macon Messenger:
1 discover in vour paper of the 16th inst. under thei#
of ‘ the Result,’’ that you have been in a grti t ri i ' :
(but I hope you did not inflict any personal vo!* nc> > '
vourselvoa.) and made a most unwarrantille , n j |t ’’
oils attack op a portion of the Whigs of fl, e C050I - (|
Walton and Newton, Clark and Jackson, Houston« y*
con, and after charging them with the polite epithet- o r
ing recreant, treacherous, and with shameless dtf.~
discontented and faithless, Ac. -See., you then closed
chapter of abuse, by saying, who these mischief uukcj j
or by what sinister motives they have been goretntj ,
neither know nor wish to know; for if weuidre A
be strongly tempted to give them the infamous ncto-p,
fr.ey me:it. Now, sirs, what are we to understand ri
the above language ; are we to understand that th*
have no right to judge and act for themselves; or tit;; I,
are incapable of doing so; if this is what we are to
jusi come out in plain lerms and lei! them so,thattW
hereafter know how to act so as to escape yonrir’inna
notoriety. Hut sir, I am inclined to think that the;....
Whigs in Macon county, and alt the other counties Aa 1
have en-leavored to slander, who consider themsclrt, ^
men, and wilt still continue to judge and artfortsea,.
notwithstanding your bullying threats of holding
lo infamous notoriety. If you will only pursue the -
you have commenced, and tiie balance of the
will follow suit, you will accomplish for the Det.
what they, with alt their skill and talenls, In
able to do.
«c#
A iVhig of hlacoz Cote,.
Savannah lias appointed eighteen Deles*
to the Convention which assembles at Jlej.
phis on tiie 12th of November.
Stale elections.
Pennsylvania.—The returns arc not ilia,
but enough is known to shew that the Bet',
crats will have a majority of $i» the Senate#
at least 10 inthe House. In the vote fm f .
Commissioner (the only general vote) thcDn.
ocrats show a huge major.tv.
Ohio.—We have the vote of Ciodari
and in complete returns of that of Handfe
Co. In the City the Democrats have amijor-
ity of 171, und* the Cmcinnali Enquireret-
mates that they l ave carried the county bj t
bout l,S00unajority. This is a good beginuit*.
From the Chariest on Mercury.
LETTER FROM GEN. McDUFFIE.
Cherry Hill, Sept. 27,184k
JJy dear sir:—You ask me wl.ether,in -
opinion, “it be possible, that the conjectures
the Washington Correspondent of tlte Cbarlo
ton Mercury cun be true, in relation to thepn
bublecuur>e of the Administration of.Mr.nl
in the adjustment of the tariff,,” and wbt
“such a course would not be a palpal lev
tion of the pledge to reduce the- duties upoub
eign imports to the revenue standard
In answer to these enquiries. 1 ■'■lab
first place, my confident bel ef that the
jvetures cannot be true, ami in live secon
that the course they ascribe to the Ada
tion teould be ** a palp hie violation
pledge to reduce the duties upon fort
po>ts to the revenue standard,” and ol all a
pledges of live party by which 31 r. Pu k n
elected.
A brief exposition of the true principl
revenue tarifi*and a reference to Mr. Putk’s b-
augural Address, vv.ll be sufficient,. I think,
banish your apprehensions. It is ob»iea
iemark that a levtruie tariff, is the lowestTj
of duty upon every foreign import ri t 5 1
raise the tequired amount of revenue. ? {
smallest addition to that rate upon any ores-j
tide with a view to increase ihe price ol b-
mestic rival,, is “ plainly ai:d intentioniBt
protective, as contradistinguished from arc
unue duty. But, if the additional duty note,
enhances the price of both the foreign an,-
mesiic article, but diminish the reve
would he the most barefaced mockery -
most impudent and hypocritical disguise
wbieh a mercenary and merciless oppress^
ever attempted to conceal its deformity, to &
this a revenue duty. Now it is only net* 31
to apply these plain, if not self-evident ;oV :
tion-', lo the article, which it is the su|'pcs p -
tentiun of the Administration to favor ay-.
tect, hy exempting them from the general r-
of i eduction. Take for example the t* 0 ^
ing articles of sugar und iron. 3icxtto‘‘-
t hese are articles of ihe most general cons**
tion by all classes of people.
In a great financial und economical re - '
reducing the duties upon foreign import -
general average of 20 per cent, U P° D v
principle of justice, equity or sound
on what shadow of constitutional
rate of duty be imposed upon these a
higher than the general rate necessary.iu-
enue, at the same time adding to the puu---
dens and diminishing the public r- v'cn l, e■
it because sugar and iron are product
few wca’thy sugar planters ai d !f0I j
not equal in number to one in a b tn ° r
sand of those who consume the articles a ‘‘^ t
from the pockeis of mediocrity and
the contributions exerted by a free ....
—and let me not say—a Democratic- . •
n ation—to add lo the fortunes of a ,
garchy? Can it be believed that ;
bound hy the united ties ot interest ant
sustain the great principles ol h'ce l,a -.
unshackled indusliy, which he has »o
ported through a long course of pc ,c '
will now, when cdected in the highesty ^
which ambition or patriotism can as ! ,lf ' JK -
h s political principles und sacrifice
ularmasses, by whose voluntary al t { J '„|
suffrages he was raised to l ,0 ' ,e ] r '. o lf st'
not the ta : e.” In his Inaugural -
very distinctly lays down the dociu RC ..
enue is the object of all duties upo' 1
and protection the incident. r oiccti°*
Nothing can be more plain- B F « „/»
particular classes at the expense c ^ f;,
results from a revenue duty— 1 ]C jj e :
all revenue duties—it is an unavoid* 1 . ^
retted. U |s ,;
vt jn to the
not to be desired but regn
stif
ble to separate the protection gi ^ vcn ue
planter, for example, by even ,l r “ url hen i '
of 20 per cent., from the two fold ^
posed upon everybody else, not cn y
to the consumers the price of
which yields a revenue equal to. 11 '® c -
whip* 1 W
j tlio price of domestic sugar, "‘"-y 'r
could be said on the other, and checkmate the J equal burthen and yields no u' Ll >t